何謂生物化學 ?(What is biochemistry?)

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生物化學授課教師 : 余兆松等 10人

學分 : 4

課程簡介 :生物由基本單位—細胞—所構成 , 而細胞則由數種生物大分子所構成 . 主要包括蛋白質 , 核酸 ,酯質及醣類 . 生物化學即以物理及化學的角度出發 , 來探討這些生物大分子的構成 , 性質及它們之間的交互作用 , 藉以初步了解生命運作的本質 . 本課程為大學部課程 , 透過不同專長教師講解指定教科書之內容 , 讓學生們對生物化學能有一全盤概念 . 除此以外 , 對於有關如何處理及分析生物大分子的技術亦會作初步的介紹 , 有興趣的同學亦可以此課程所學為出發點 , 進一步投入生物醫學實研究的領域中 .(The course seeks to describe the structure, organization, and functions of living matter in molecular terms. Three principal areas will be covered: (1) the structural chemistry of the components of living matter and the relationship of biological function to chemical structure, (2) metabolism, the chemical reactions that occur in living matter, and (3) molecular genetics which provides introduction on how genetic material is replicated, recombined and maintained, how the genetic information is flowed from DNA to protein, and how these processes are regulated. )

教學目標：幫助學生們了解生命現象的化學基礎 , 並建立生命現象如何運作的整體概念教學方法：提供教學大綱講義 , 課堂講授 , 強調學習重點 , 期中期末考試評估學習成果成績考核：課堂出席率與表現及隨堂抽考 (20%), 三次期中考 , 一次期末考試 (80%)

Textbook: Lehninger, “Principles of Biochemistry”, 5th edition, 2008Reference : 1 、 Marks, “Basic Medical Biochemistry A Clinical Approach”, 2nd edition, 2005. 2 、 Lange,“Case FilesTM ： Biochemistry”, 2nd edition, 2008.

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為何要修習生物化學 ?

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School of Traditional Chinese Medicine (School year 2011)

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Date Topics (Chapters) Instructor

2/21 1. Introduction (1-2) 王子堅 2/23 2. Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins (3)（I） 游佳融 ※ 2/28 3. The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins（I） (4) 游佳融 3/01 4. The Three Dimensional Structure of Proteins（II） (4) 游佳融 3/06 5. Protein Function (5) 余兆松 3/08 6. Enzymes (I) (6) 余兆松 3/13 7. Enzymes (II) (6) 余兆松 3/15 8. Principles of Bioenergetics (13) 鄭邑荃 3/20 9. Carbohydrates and Glycobiology (I) (7) 吳明道 3/22 10. Carbohydrates and Glycobiology (II) (7) 吳明道 4/02~4/06 First Examination 游佳融/余兆松/吳明道/鄭邑荃 3/27 11. Nucleotides and Nucleic Acids (8) 林光輝 3/29 12. Lipids (10) 林光輝 4/03 13. Biological Membrane and Transport （I）(11) 林光輝 4/05 14. Biological Membrane and Transport （II）(11) 林光輝 4/10 15. Glycolysis and the Catabolism of Hexoses (14,15) 洪錦堂 4/12 16. The Citric Acid Cycle (16) 洪錦堂 4/17 17. Oxidative Phosphorylation (19) 洪錦堂 4/19 18. Carbohydrate Biosynthesis (20) 洪錦堂 4/30~5/04 Second Examination 洪錦堂/林光輝 4/24 19. Fatty Acid Catabolism (17) 白麗美 4/26 20. Lipid Biosynthesis（I） (21) 白麗美 5/01 21. Lipid Biosynthesis（II） (21) 白麗美 5/03 22. Amino Acid Catabolism (18) 簡昆鎰 5/08 23. Biosynthesis of Amino Acids and Nucleotides (22) 簡昆鎰 5/10 24. Integration of Metabolism（I） (23) 簡昆鎰 5/15 25. Integration of Metabolism （II）(23) 簡昆鎰 5/21~5/25 Third Examination 白麗美/簡昆鎰 5/17 26. Genes and Chromosomes (24) 王子堅 5/22 27. DNA Metabolism (I) (25) 王子堅 5/24 28. DNA Metabolism (II) (25) 王子堅 5/29 29. RNA Metabolism (26) 柯博元 5/31 30. Protein Metabolism (27) 柯博元 6/05 31. Regulation of Gene Expression (28) 柯博元 6/07 32. DNA-Based Information Technologies (9) 吳嘉霖 6/12 33. Biosignaling（I） (12) 游佳融 6/14 34. Biosignaling （II）(12) 游佳融 6/18~6/22 Final Examination 王子堅/趙清貴/游佳融

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如何有效學習生物化學 ?

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Biochemistry Laboratory and clinical correlation (school year 2011)

School of Chinese Medicine

中醫二 Laboratory

Date Topics Instructors ※2/23/(11:10-17:00) 1. Check-in/Basic techniques 余兆松/洪錦堂 ＊3/08/(13:10-17:00) 2. Enzyme reaction /Determination of proteins 簡昆鎰/游佳融 ＊3/22/(13:10-17:00) 3. Blood specimen preparation; glucose analysis, 吳明道/洪錦堂

; neutral sugar determination;sialic acid assay ＊4/05/(13:10-17:00) 4. Serum proteins/serum lipids 游佳融/白麗美 ＊4/19/(13:10-17:00) 5. Liver function test; renal function test 王子堅/鄭邑荃 5/03/(13:10-17:00) 6. Amplification of HBx in serum by PCR 趙清貴/簡昆鎰 ＊5/17/(13:10-17:00) 7. DNA quantitation and DNA mapping 林光輝/趙清貴 ＊5/31/(13:10-17:00) 8. ELISA for HbsAg and α -FP 余兆松/白麗美

6/14/(11:10-12:00) 9. Final Examination/ Check-out 余兆松/游佳融

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Part B Clinical correlation

3/08 (10:10-12:00) Student/teacher discussion (1) 生化暨分生科 6位老師參加

3/22 (10:10-12:00) Student/teacher discussion (2) 生化暨分生科 6位老師參加

4/05 (10:10-12:00) Student/teacher discussion (3) 生化暨分生科 6位老師參加

4/19(10:10-12:00) Student/teacher discussion (4) 生化暨分生科 6位老師參加

5/17 (10:10-12:00) Student/teacher discussion (5) 生化暨分生科 6位老師參加

5/31 (10:10-12:00) Student/teacher discussion (6) 生化暨分生科 6位老師參加

6/14 (13:10-17:00) Student presentation 生化暨分生科 12位老師參加

Session from 13:10-17:00; small group S/T discussion from 10:10-12:00

§ student presentation, topics taken from “ Biochemistry for the medical sciences”

§ 生化暨分生科 6位老師: 含吳嘉霖、游佳融、余兆松、白麗美、簡昆鎰、鄭邑荃

§Clinical correlation上課教室：中醫大樓 B1樓新思維教室（PBL 7~12）

實驗課程自行製作講義

實驗課上課教室：醫學大樓 5樓學生生理實驗室

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Part IFoundations of Biochemistry

The Orion Nebula (獵戶星雲 )

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Foundations of Biochemistry ----

INTROCUCTION1. Distinctive Properties of Living Systems

a. All living organisms are composed of cells. b. Biomolecules are present in living systems. c. Living systems are actively engaged in energy transformations. d. Homeostasis by flow of energy through the organism. e. Self-replication or reproduction.

2. Organization and Structure of Cell a. Prokaryotic cells. b. Animal cells. c. Plant cells. d. Viruses.

3. Biomolecules a. Major elements in living organisms. b. Biomolecules are carbon compounds. c. Biomolecular hierarchy.

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4. Properties of Biomolecules a. Biological macromlecules have a “sense” or directionality. b. Biological macromlecules are informational. c. Biomolecules have characteristic three-dimensional structure. d. Weak forces maintain biological structure and determine biomolecular interactions. e. Structural complementarity determines biomolecular interaction. f. Biomolecular recognition is mediated by weak chemical forces. g. Weak forces restrict organisms to a narrow range of environmental conditions.

5. Biochemical reactions General Properties a. Biochemical reactions occur under mild conditions and are catalyzed by enzymes. b. Biochemical reactions are usually localized in the cells. c. Biochemical reactions are organized into pathways. d. Biochemical reactions are regulated. General types of chemical transformations in cells. a. Oxidation-reduction. b. Cleavage and formation of C-C bonds. c. Internal rearrangements. d. Group transfers. e. Condensation reactions.

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The universal features of living cells

2. Organization and Structure of Cell a. Prokaryotic cells. b. Animal cells. c. Plant cells. d. Viruses.

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Common structural features of bacterial cells

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Turnip yellow mosaic virus

Tobacco mosaic virus

Bacteriophage T4

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Two major types of eukaryotic cell: (a) an animal cell (b) an plant cell

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The endomembrane system

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Nuclear envelope

Nucleus

Nucleolus

Chromatin

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Chromosomes are visible microscopically during mitosis

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Structure of a mitochondrionRough ER

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Structure of a chloroplast

(Chlorophyll-containing organelles)

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The three types of cytoskeletal filaments

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Cellular connections

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Elements essential to animal life and health

3. Biomolecules a. Major elements in living organisms. b. Biomolecules are carbon compounds. c. Biomolecular hierarchy.

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Geometry of carbon bonding

c. Biomolecular hierarchy.

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Three ways to represent the structure of the amino acid alanine

Configuration of geometric isomers

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4. Properties of Biomolecules

a. Biological macromlecules have a “sense” or directionality.

b. Biological macromlecules are informational.

c. Biomolecules have characteristic three-dimensional structure.

d. Weak forces maintain biological structure and determine

biomolecular interactions.

e. Structural complementarity determines biomolecular interaction.

f. Biomolecular recognition is mediated by weak chemical forces.

g. Weak forces restrict organisms to a narrow range of environmental

conditions.

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Marcomolecules and their monomeric subunits

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Informational and structural macromolecules

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c. Biomolecules have characteristic three-dimensional structure.

Structure of the protein brazzein as determined by NMR spectroscopy(a fruit component of a plant from western Africa, 2,000 sweeter than sucrose)

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d. Weak forces maintain biological structure and determine biomolecular interactions.

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Complementary fit of a macromolecule and a small molecule

e. Structural complementarity determines biomolecular interaction. f. Biomolecular recognition is mediated by weak chemical forces. g. Weak forces restrict organisms to a narrow range of environmental conditions.

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5. Biochemical reactions

General Properties

a. Biochemical reactions occur under mild conditions

and are catalyzed by enzymes.

b. Biochemical reactions are usually localized in the cells.

c. Biochemical reactions are organized into pathways.

d. Biochemical reactions are regulated.

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General types of chemical transformations in cells. a. Oxidation-reduction. b. Cleavage and formation of C-C bonds. c. Internal rearrangements. d. Group transfers. e. Condensation reactions.

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b. Cleavage and formation of C-C bonds.

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c. Internal rearrangements.

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d. Group transfers.

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e. Condensation reactions.

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Some biologically important hydrogen bonds

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