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WIN95 SIG -- Page 1© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
WIN95 and Hard Disk Drives: Storage Requirements to Optimize WIN95
WIN95 and Hard Disk Drives: Storage Requirements to Optimize WIN95
Joe D’Amico, product support engineerBruce Riddell, product support engineer
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 2© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
IntroductionIntroduction
Drive capacity points and system BIOS, Operating system limitations
Symptoms and solutions
Hardware
MaxBlast
Operating systems
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 3© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
What’s “driving” HDD Storage Capacities?
What’s “driving” HDD Storage Capacities?
Downloading from the Internet CD-ROM’s Multimedia Networking Advanced Office Applications Video Applications Video / Audio Editing CD-ROM Writing
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 4© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
Typical Desktop PC Capacity Requirements
Typical Desktop PC Capacity Requirements
Applications Windows 95 and Windows 95 Plus Microsoft Office 97 Quicken Visual Basic Interactive Reading Journal Microsoft Bookself 95 and Road Atlas Microsoft Encyclopedia Doom II Microsoft Project Adobe Photoshop plus Illustrator Truespace 3D Graphics Tax Cut
Capacity Requirements 95 MB 105 MB 18 MB 60 MB 20 MB 13 MB 4 MB 20 MB 14 MB 27 MB 8 MB 8 MB
Total 392 MB
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 5© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
VocabularyVocabulary
Capacity BarriersCapacity BarriersCapacity BarriersCapacity BarriersWhen special considerations have to be taken in installing a hard drive to reach the full capacity.
MAXMAXBLASTBLASTMAXMAXBLASTBLAST Maxtor’s new installation software.
BIOS (Basic- Input Output System)BIOS (Basic- Input Output System)BIOS (Basic- Input Output System)BIOS (Basic- Input Output System)
Drive parameters must be entered before a hard drive is fully recognized.
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 6© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
SymptomsSymptoms Truncation of Cylinders
System Hangs at Post
Cylinder Wrap
System Hangs at Boot
Not Receiving the Full Capacity
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 7© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
SolutionsSolutions
Use MAXBLAST
Upgrade the BIOS
Use a BIOS Card
Use FAT 32
Use a Enhanced EIDE Controller Card
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 8© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
HardwareHardware
CD ROMS
Dual Drives
Memory
Tape drives
Networks
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 9© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
JumpersJumpers
Cylinder reduction jumper
Master / Slave on the primary bus
Master / Slave on the secondary bus
Jumper numbers & location can be different per model number. Make sure you check your documentation.
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 10© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 11© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
MaxBlast Installation SoftwareMaxBlast Installation Software
Self Booting OS Reads system information Partition copy No cylinder skew BIOS information LBA detection You can disable without losing data Support’s FAT 32
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 12© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
MAX*Blast InstallationMAX*Blast Installation
Boot to diskette
Record system information
Setup drive
System disk
Choose partition sizes
Re-boot and load OS
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 13© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
DOS & Windows QuestionsDOS & Windows Questions
Why do I have to create more than one partition?
Cluster Size
Million Bytes VS Mega Bytes ( Why am I not getting the full capacity? )
Drive to drive copy
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 14© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
Fat 16 Cluster SizeFat 16 Cluster Size
16 MB - 127 MB = 2K or 2048 bytes
128 MB - 255 MB = 4K or 4096 bytes
256 MB - 511 MB = 8K or 8192 bytes
512 MB - 1023 MB = 16K or 16384 bytes
1024 MB - 2048 MB = 32K or 32768 bytes
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 15© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
FAT 16 512 Bytes Per Sector
FAT 16 512 Bytes Per Sector
16 MB - 127 MB = 4 sectors per cluster
128 MB - 255 MB = 8 sectors per cluster
256 MB - 511 MB = 16 sectors per cluster
512 MB - 1023 MB = 32 sectors per cluster
1024 MB - 2048 MB = 64 sectors per cluster
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 16© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
FAT 32Cluster Size
FAT 32Cluster Size
512 MB - 8 GB = 4K or 4096 bytes8 GB - 16 GB = 8K or 8192 bytes
16 GB - 32 GB = 16K or 16384 bytes>32 GB = 32K or 32768 bytes
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 17© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
FAT 32Sectors Per Cluster
512 Bytes Per Sector
FAT 32Sectors Per Cluster
512 Bytes Per Sector
512 MB - 8 GB = 8 Sectors per cluster
8 GB - 16 GB = 16 Sectors per cluster
16 GB - 32 GB = 32 Sectors per cluster
>32 GB = 64 Sectors per cluster
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 18© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
Drive Not RecognizedDrive Not Recognized
Hard Disk is not recognized or detected by the CMOS/BIOS program, either in the BIOS/CMOS Auto detect feature or in the POST.
Installation errors: (Verify drive is installed properly)— Check Jumpers (master/slave)
— Check for Energy Management jumpers
— Check power supply cable connections
— Check ribbon cable connections
— Check for power management software
Compatibility issues: (Drive compatability can prevent proper communication between two drives on the same cable)— Ensure Master/Slave jumpers are correct
— Verify that each drive can work alone on the system
— Try reversing the master slave roles
— Install the second drive on a secondary controller
Symptoms:Symptoms: Resolutions:Resolutions:
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 19© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
Not Seeing the Full Capacity Not Seeing the Full Capacity
General issues affecting drive capacity
Data corruption cross linked files Problems loading O.S. system hangs on Boot up
Installation errors: (Verify drive is installed properly)— Check BIOS configuration
— some BIOSs do not support larger disk drives. Enable LBA mode in BIOS settings
— Install the drive using MaxBlast
— Upgrade BIOS or install a BIOS controller card that supports large drives
— Install the cylinder limitation jumber if the drive is over 2.1gigs and use MaxBlast to install.
Symptoms:Symptoms: Resolutions:Resolutions:
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 20© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
Boot FailureBoot Failure
Drive is recognized and properly handled during post but is unable to load the operating system
Installation errors: (Verify drive is installed properly)— Check Jumpers (master/slave), cables,
controller card seating
— Check IDE interface/controller for BIOS. Make sure controller BIOS is not conflicting with motherboard BIOS
— Check BIOS EIDE features including Block Mode, Multi-sector transfer, 32 bit transfer, PIO mode reduce to minimum value or disable
— Check AT Bus Clock speed and set between 8-10 MHZ
— Increase time for boot process to occur by enabling “floppy seek at boot”, “above 1 meg mem test”, set “boot pre-delay” to highest value.
— Verify that the primary DOS partition is set active
Symptoms:Symptoms: Resolutions:Resolutions:
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C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
Issues Loading O.S.Issues Loading O.S.
Primary master hard drive is recognized and properly handled during post but is unable to load the operating system
Failure to load the O.S. can be related to many different causes including installation configuration, communication problems, and hardware failures.
Symptoms:Symptoms: Resolutions:Resolutions: Installation issues:
— Check parameters, translation mode
— verify capacity limitations, jumpers
— Check IDE interface/controller for BIOS-no conflicts with motherboard BIOS
— Check BIOS EIDE features including Block mode, multi-sector, 32 bit transfer, PIO mode reduce all to minimum values or disable
— AT BUS clock speed set between 8-10 MHZ
— Increase Boot up time by enabling “Floppy drive seek at boot”, “above one meg mem test”, and sequence to A:, C:
— Verify boot partition is primary and active in Fdisk
— Try replacement controller card
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WIN95 SIG -- Page 22© Maxtor Corporation 8/97
C R E A T I V E S O L U T I O N S F O R I N F O R M A T I O N S T O R A G E ™®
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