01 Aisc Paper Ngpvill

8/10/2019 01 Aisc Paper Ngpvill

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Asia University Taichung Taiwan

CODE-02

DEVELOPING NUSANTARA GREEN PHARMACY VILLAGE (NGPVill) TROUGH

HERBAL TECHNOPRENEURSHIP PROGRAM IN INDONESIA

Ade Suyitno1)

, Nurul Aisyah2)

1)Economics Education Department, Faculty of Bussiness and and Economic Education,

Indonesia University of Education

2)International Program on Science Education, Faculty of Sciences and Mathematics Education,

Indonesia University of Education

e-mail: [email protected]

Abstract

Indonesia as Mega Diversity is really rich with natural resource such as a variety of useful herbal plants. Thepotential of those herbal plants are not yet optimized as the resource which gives the a lot of benefit. Ironically,

Indonesia which is rich of natural resources, still has 28 million society who live in poverty and 7.6 million ofunemployment. Considering those condition, deep explanation and studies about the strategy development ofhuman resources and natural resources is taken, the solution is an integrated technology and community namely

NPGVill Program. NPGVill program is an integrated program by using stakeholder model of triple helix whichinvolves academics, business, government that run altogether along the same role in the development of societyin knowledge and technology transfer. The outcome of Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) is the

establishment of ecotourism village which offers herbal plant product in form of goods, service, and tourism ofeducation in society activity in cultivation and processing herbal plant which are integrated by Nusantara GreenPharmacy Village (NGPVill). The advantages of Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) is to reduce

unemployment and poverty rate because this program will give economically effect to society, knowledge and

natural conservation. In the aspect of sustainable economy, NGPVill will increase economical activities andenterpreneurship skill because there will be tangible and intangible product such as goods, service, and tourism

that can be developed by society to have bussiness balue. NGPVill program will also enhance societysknowledge in term of cultivation and management of herbal plant to produce the product. This educational andeconomical value will increase the participation of society in environmental conservation.

Keywords:NGPVill, Herbal Technopreneurs, Ecotourism Village

INTRODUCTION

Indonesia is a country which has huge tropical forest. Indonesia is called as equator emerald is reasonable, this

is because Indonesia is reach by its biodiversity. In herbal plant, Indonesia is very potential, more than 1000plant species is used for medicine but nowadays the role of herbal plant and formal health service in Indonesiaare still lack, those are caused by several factors such as Lack of government support for making herbal plant assource of public welfare, there has notcomprehensive and integrated program for herbal plant development,lack of coordination and synchronization of the government, private sector, and recource development hence theprogram becoming not really effective and not conductive legislation in herbal plant development. Based on its

efficiency, there are five potential herbal plant commodities such as ginger, turmeric, galingale, and purwocengto support the revitalization of the agricultural development program. According to the contribution to thenational GDP, every year these commodities such as ginger successfully undergo binding 11%, turmeric 28%,galingale 52% and ginger 2.3% while the potential business of purwoceng reflected in the many products on the

market [1].

Indonesia as Mega Diversity country with abundant natural resources will become its own curse if it cannot be

optimized. Thererore, one of optimalization is is to follow development of technology-based economy tooptimize natural resources. In mid of this potential, Indonesia faces obstacle on human development in using

technology and the high unemployment that will inhibit economic growth in Indonesia. According to official


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news statistic Number 33/05/Th. XV, Mei 7, 2012 of Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistcs, the unemploymentrate remains high in February 2012 reacher 7.6 million people [2]. A complete list of the data is shown by the

table 1 below:

Table 1. Unemployment Level. Population age above 15 years

According to highest educational attainment

2010-2012 (percent)

Educational Level2010 2011 2012

February August February August February

Below Primary School 3.71 3.81 3.37 3.56 3.69

Junior High School 7.55 7.45 7.83 8.37 7.80High School 11.90 11.90 12.17 10.66 10.43Vacational School 13.81 11.87 10.00 10.43 9.51

Diploma I/II/III 15.71 12.78 11.59 7.16 7.50University 14.24 11.92 9.95 8.02 6.95

Total 7.41 7.14 6.80 6.56 6.32

Courtesy: Central Bureau of Statistic 2012

The data in table 1 shows high number of unemployment. This requires a serious and fast management, becauseit involves the survival of many people. This unemployment problem will result the increment of crininalism ina country. This is ironic considering that Indonesia has high potential and high quality of natural resources and

demografi with high number of productive ages working in youth generation.

The solution that is being developed by government to hold an unemplyment problem is to cultivate newentrepreneurs in Indonesia. It is also align with recent international study regarding to the role ofentrepreneurship as the driving force of national economy. The development of entrepreneurship has beenregarded as one of key factors for socio-economic growth because it provides millions of job, offering a varietyof consumption goods and services, and egenerally improving national prosperety and competitiveness

[3].

With regard to the problem above, academics as a driving force of university should run Tri Dharma Universitywhich consists of teaching and education, research and development and community service. Seeing that there

is potential wealth of natural resources and herbal plant that can be developed, hence civic academics in collegeor university can consider a program to empower society through technopreneur based empowerment indeveloping ecotourism through research, technology, and community training.

Ecotourism herbal village (NGPVilI) which integrate the civics academic effort by knowledge transfer byinvoving lecture and college student, bussinessman through CSR (corporate social responsibility) and the

government that contribute through empowering societys self relliance and KUR program (Kredit UsahaRakyat or small society loans). This integrated program will encourage the creation of self-sustainable villagecommunity in empowering society by establishing herbal village with ecotourism concept.

MATERIALS AND METHOD

Technopreneurship

Technopreneurship which is derived from sentences technology based entrepreneurship is a process and theformation of new bussiness involving technology as its basic, hence it is expected that the creation of strategiesand innovations that can be put right later technology as one factor for national economy development. Since

Technology can be defined as the usage or knowledge of machinesm technique or methods to solve a problem[4], so nusantara green pharmacy village (NGPVill) can also included into technopreneur, because NGPVillprogram offers the management system which lead the society to solve their problem especially in utilization of

herbal plant.

Ecotourism

The definition of ecotourism was firstly introduced by The International Ecotourism Society is defined asresponsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of

local people [5]. Ecotourism is a form of tourism traveling to natural areas that aims to conserving theenvironment and preserving lives and welfare of local population. Initially, ecotourism carried by traveller whowant the tourist destination remains conserved and sustainable, as well as maintaining society culture and


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welfare. Ecotourism development in forest areas able to ensure the sustainability of forest ecosystem.Ecotravelers want to guarantee quality and ecosystem conservation. Hence there are some principles of

ecotourism development that should be fulfilled. If these principles are implemented, then ecotourism ensuresecological friendly development of community based development. There are eight principles of ecotourism [6],which are noted below:

1)

Preventing and mitigating the impact of tourist activities on nature and culture, the prevention andmitigation are tailored with the characteristic of nature and culture.

2) Environmental conservation education. Educating tourist and local communities about the importance

of conservation. This education process can be performed directly in nature.

3) Direct revenue for the region. Adjust the areas to become suitable for ecotourism and management of

conservation area can receive direct income or revenue. Conservation tax can be used directly to

build, preserve, and improve the quality of area conservation.

4) Public participation in planning. Public is invited to plan the development of ecotourism. Similarly, in

the control, the role of community are expected to participate actively.5) Income communities. The tangible benefit towards local economy that is gained from ecotourism will

support society to preserve natural areas

6) Maintaining harmony with nature. All development efforts including development facility and utility

should keep the harmony with nature.

7)

Carrying capacity of environment. Generally, the natural environment has a lower carrying capacitywith the carrying capacity of artificial area. Although there would be high demand, but the carrying

capacity limits it.

8) Income opportunity on large portion of the state. If a conservation area is developed for ecotourism,

hence the tourist shopping is supported, and it will be enjoyed by state or local government.

Village Tourism

Village tourism is a form of integration between attractions, accommodation and support facilities are presented

in a structure of a society that blends with tradition and valid regulation. The development principle of villagetourism is one of the alternative tourism products that provides support for sustainable village development andhas management principles, those are using local community facilities and infrastructure, giving benefit to local

community, small-scaled to facilitate reciprocal relations with local community, involving the local community,

implementing village tourism product development.

The underlying criteria such as the provision of facilities and infrastructure owned by local society which able toencourage community participation and ensuring access to physical resources is a stepping stone for the

development of village tourism. The local community has an effective role in decision making process about theforms of tourism which uses environment and local residents obtain the appropriate revenue from tourismactivities. Encouraging the development of local entrepreneurship. In planning principles which urge to be

included in the "prelemenay, planning" are although it is in tourism area not all of the environmental zonesshould have tourist attraction and the potential for village tourism depends on the local people willingness to becreative, innovative, and cooperative [7].

MethodsThis research is a descriptive research (descriptive research) with a qualitative approach, the research procedures

that produce descriptive data in form of written words of the people and supported by literature or literary studyby the deepening of the literature in the form of data and figures , so that reality can be understood [8]. Thisstudy is designed to analyze the problem solving of unemploymenet and poverty in Indonesia through local

economic potential with the development of entrepreneurship in sustainable ecotourism village NGPVill, theintegrated ecotourism program. In the problem analysis process, the author tries to draw each core of anyproblems that are adjusted into area of study to be concluded later in finding the solution. The solution of this

descriptive study is an integrated model NGPVill local dbased development that can be applied in variousregions in Indonesia based on the identification of potential areas.

Types of data that used by the authors in this paper is a secondary data. Secondary data is data obtained from thesecond parties such as journals, books, outlook, internet sites and books that discuss the development of creativeyoung entrepreneurs and deepening of the discussion. Data collection techniques that used are literature studies,

it is done by studying and analyzing some literatures related to the subject matter.

Once the data has been collected, it is followed by data processing. Relevant data will be used as a reference inthe discussion. After processing the data, the next is analysis and data interpretation. The result of data analysis


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are interpreted or inferred to answer the whole problem under study. In order to obtain the scientific truth, theanalysis in this study is done by considering several stages of stage presentation of evidence or facts (skeptics),

pay attention to relevant issues (analytic), and objectively considering the stage for logical thinking (criticism)[9].

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Result

Sustainable business with ecotourism village concept would give "Trickle Down Effect" for the community bothin terms of economic and environmental sustainability. This work is done in synergy with the role of academics,

practitioners, regional government and community leaders in developing Nusantara Village Green Pharmacy(NGPVill) through "Herbal Technopreneurship Program" communty-based development that will optimize thelocal potential of herbs becoming have additional value being added and sustainable joint ventures.

The integration of various existing stakeholder in the development of Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village(NGPVill) is needed to achieve the goals. Model Nusantara Village Green Pharmacy (NGPVill) will be

described in the following models by author :

Figure 1. NGPVill Model

Stakeholders who play a role in the Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) are as follows, University asan educational institution in developing quality of human resources has students, teachers, researchers, facilities

and community empowerment programs, this is being synchronized by program called Nusantara GreenPharmacy Village (NGPVill). Academician and practice sector have a role in terms of, 1) research and

development (R & D) about methods of planting herbs, plant seeds of innovation, and management product. 2)technology transfer from civic academic and practitioners in the processing of herbal plants into economicallyvaluable products and efficient in producing.

Local Government, which includes a role in stimulating program, regulation role, in the form of policy makingto support this program as village empowerment and environmental conservation which are integrated by

NGPVill program. Allocation role, in the form of distribution of scarce resources in this matter expertise,infrastructure, support capital KUR (small loans) and a few other things.

Students role, as an agent of change student has a strategic position in the social order which is applicable insociety because students have knowledge and high sensitivity. InNusantara Village Green Pharmacy (NGPVill)role of student is program facilitator program and as program participants who joined the society. This dual role


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will be done by the students according to their interests. Students will be divided into two, one facilitator andone as an empowerment program participants, it is done so that the knowledge transfer feel in education and

training continues.

Community Support. The Successfulness of Nusantara Village Green Pharmacy program (NGPVill) isdetermined by a huge community participation and community figure in the area that will be made as herbal

village. Therefore, synergy and communication should continue to run concurrently. The last stage isimplementation herbal technopreneurship program. This program is spearheading of the implementation of theimplementation Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) that have a role in synergize all relevantstakeholders to identify local potential, entrepreneurship education, technology transfer, training, planting and

processing herbs.

Outcomes of Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) is the creation of eco-tourism village that offersproducts herbs in form of goods, services and tourism education in community activities in the cultivation andprocessing of herbal plant as the integration of program Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill). Abenefit of Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) is going to reduce unemployment and poverty because

(NGPVill) gives effects in the field of public economics, knowledge and environmental conservation. In thefield of sustainable economy, NGPVill will increase economic activity and entrepreneurship communitiesbecause of goods, services and tourism that become the value to be optimized. NGPVill program will also

enhance public knowledge in the cultivation and processing of herbal plants to become products. Economicvalue and educational value then will increase public participation in environmental conservation.

DISUCUSSION

Indonesia has an important role in global biodiversity. Indonesia is placed as one of ten countries with richest

biodiversity, Indonesia also is called as Megadiversity Country. Indonesia as Megadiversity Country is provenby several facts that Indonesia has 35 specias of primate which raked as fourth ranking in the world, besidesIndonesia also has the 1400 species of freshwater fish Another fact says that In term of plant diveristy, Indonesia

ranks fifth in the world, with more than 38.000 species (55% endemic). With 477 species, palm diversity inIndonesia ranks first in the world. In Indonesia also there are community forests which managed bycommunities through agroforestry such as resin tree garden in Lampung, mixed rubber gardn in Jambi and south

Sumatra, tengkawang (ellips nuts) and fruit, and mixed durian gardens in West Kalimantan and also cinnamon

gardens in West Sumatra and Jambi. Then the whole areas in Java and Kalimantan have superior hers that arebeneficial to health and high value such as ginger, turmeric, cumin, and many more. It should be optimizedbussiness opportunuty that implies to multiplier effect for Indonesian people [10].

Indonesias extraordinary potential is lying in plants diversity. This siversity should be optimized to create

benefits and make the "Trickle Down Effect for Indonesian people who most rely on his work as a farmer withlow income resulting the poverty. An attempts to optimize this potential is through the integrated role betweenacademics at universities, practitioners and government to create a joint program to provide added value to

medicinal plants as a sustainable business for the community.University throughTri Dharma Universitymustconduct teaching and education, research and community empowerment. Towards an ideal fit university collegeTri Dharma can not only be done in an exclusive on-campus course but had to go into the community directly.

University trough Tri Dharma University must conduct education and teaching, research and communityempowerment. Towards an ideal fit university college Tri Dharma cannot only be done in an exclusive on-

campus course but had to go into the community directly. University encourage academic institutions in thefaculty, researchers and students to work together research and dedication to the community to work together tobuild NGPVill. Practitioners who have a business side, the technology is ready for use and the Corporate Social

Responsibility (CSR) has been supporting the program shall in community service and creating sustainablecommunities through NGPVill independent. Practitioner role here is very important because to balancing therole of academics and develop the theory and implementation of a knowledge management and the development

of ecotourism based NGPVill that empowers people.

Government involvement in development of NGPVill is needed, especially through good managementautonomy enforcement through the principles of democracy, good governance, which has become an indicatorof the success of the government on the run. The main role of the Government in the development of NGPVill is

becoming a stimulator, facilitator, and advocate that provide stimulation, challenge, and encouragement in thedevelopment of NGPVill village-based ecotourism. The Government also participated actively by encouragingpeople to participate in development NGPVill. Through instruction to head of village and stakeholders, they will

do the socialization about NGPVill to community to come together succeeding the program. Community


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participation is the main thing in this NGPVill because the program is a joint effort in the form of sustainable ofeco-tourism village.

The implementation of NGPVill is startinf by strategic steps which are Herbal Technopreneurship Program.This program is the core of student and community empowerment activity where all of involved stakeholders to

this all togerther, the implementatios are :

First stage is Identification of local potential, the firt step to start the program is the identification of herbal plantpotential which grow in alots of regions and this will be a program and the potential of herbal plant will growwell in that region. This is done because NGPVill program is local potential based activity and the developing

process aimed to have higher value in terms of economy, education, and environmental conservation. In thisstep, the role of civic academic and researcher is extremely needed because to see the potentials and thepotential of plants that grow well according to geographic position which will became the place of the program.

Then, the communication with society is the main thing because the initial information is get completely fromsociety.

Secind stage, Planting training and herbal plant management. The second step after identification is the trainingof herbal plant planting for society is expected to give the further comprehension, and in this step also thestakeholder in NGPVill doing the herbal plant processing training hence it will more economically and

medically valuable to make it as ready-prepared medicine for societies.

Third stage, Transfer technology. This transfer technology will be done by college student by referring toresearch and studies of herbal plant management process ranging from pre, implementation and post herbalplant harvest. College student will enhance society comprehension through this transfer technology.

Fourth stage is enterpreneurship education, the cultivation of knowledge and entrepreneurship skill is given tosociety through business plan writing training, managerial, business analysis and business potential of NGPVill

formation. It is intended so that the public can optimize the economic potential and realize opportunities.

Fifth stage the establishment of ecotourism village, NGPVill. The nest step is establishing integrated andsustainable ecotourism village. The establishment of Ecotourism village NGPVill is the integrated effort fromwhole societies layers in related village for together successing this NGPVill. The step of establishment of

ecotourism village, there are some steos which are: organizing related human resources, the preparation offacility and infrastructure, including the provision of herbal plant seeds , and also management system.Socialization of ecotrourism design and concept. The establishment of ecotourism through society participationactively.

The last stage is marketing strategy. Marketing strategy is done through marketing mix in which the marketing

optimization began from type and quality of creative product/service ranging from herbal plan creation with lowcosts, place and the condition of village and also the promotion through media and online media that was helpedby college student.

CONCLUSION

The potential of natural resources in Indonesia is very abundant especially for herbal plant. Herbal plant shouldbe optimized for empowerment and prosperety of Indonesia civilization. It will be ironic if Indonesia still has a

huge number of unemployment and low economic level people. Hence, a strategy should be established andtechnology transfer from stakeholder in triple helix (academician, bussiness and gernment) to less productivesociety to optimize the potention of the herbal plants.

Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) Trough Young Technopreneurs Program is a solution in form ofintegrated between triple heloz (academician, businessman and government) in empowering and transfering

technology through Young Technopreneurs in student and society so that it can raise locak potential of herbalplant hence the village will be valuable in terms of economy, education, and environmental conservation with aconcept of ecotourism. The advantages of Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) is to reduce the

unemplyment rate and poverty by society economic activity.

In term of economy and sustainable effort, NGPVill will increase economic activity and entrepreneurship skillbecause of goods, service, and tourism which can be optimized by bussiness. NGPVill program also will

increase the knowledge of society in term of herbal plant management hence it become a product. Theeducational and economical value is then increase the society participation in environmental conservation.


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RECOMMENDATION

Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) is established by the participation of triple helix stakeholder(academician. Bussiness and government) and society, hence the village is change becoming community

development of ecotourism should be identified and the local potential of herbal plant in certain area can bedeveloped sustainability. Government support in small loan (KUR) is really important to stimulate this program

and coorporate social responsibility (CSR) from company should be distributed to this program which isproductive and sustainable.

IMPLICATION

Nusantara Green Pharmacy Village (NGPVill) can be changed into model of society empowerment in poverty

and unemployment alleviation program in village and governement program. For civic academic, according to

tri dharma, the point of society empowerment by NGPVill model is become the reference and annual routineprogram. Bussinessman that own coorporate social responsibility (CSR) should have real and sustainable action

by joining NGPVill in their CSR program.

REFERENCES

[1] Indonesian Agency for Agricultural Research and Development. 2007. Prospek Dan Arah PengembanganAgribisnis Tanaman Obat Edisi Kedua. Departemen Pertanian.

[2] Central Bureau of Statistic (Badan Pusat Statistik). 2012. Data Pengangguran di Indonesia 2010-2012.

[3] Zahra, S.A. (1999). The changing rules of global competitiveness in the 21st century. Academy of

Management Executive, 13(1), 3642.

[4] Lingga Wardhana & Nuraksa Makodian. Technopreneur. Elex Media Komputindo, Jakarta, 2010.

[5] TIST. 2012. What is Ecotourism. Accessed on http://www.ecotourism.org/what-is-ecotourism

[6] Fundeli, Chafid. Pengusahaan Ekowisata. Fakultas Kehutanan Universitas Gadjah Mada. Yogyakarta.UGM Pers 2000.

[7] Sastrayuda, S. Gumelar. Konsep Pengembangan Desa Ekowisata : Hand Out Paper of Concept Resort andLeisure, Startegi Pengembangan dan PengolaanResort and Leisure. (Accessedfile.upi.edu. in September 9,2012)

[8] Moleong, Lexy J.Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Remaja Rosdakarya, Bandung, 2002.

[9] Chalid Narbuko & Abu Achmad.Metodologi penelitian. Bumi Aksara, Jakarta, 2004.

[10] Bapenas, 2003.Indonesian Biodiversity and Action Plan: Dokumen Regional. Jakarta: Bapenas

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