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1.
2.
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1.
1)
19c : , ,
- - mens, : psyche, : mind
spirit - spiritum( ) ex) schizophrenia - phrenon( )
hystery - hysteron( ) Platon Aristoteles -
, ( )
(psychiatric mental health nursing)
- , ,
4 / 65
1.
1)
(ANA, 2000)
- (use of self)
- , (mental health nursing) (psychosocial nursing)
- (1995)
, - , , , , , , , , , , .
5 / 65
1.
2)
(Marie Jahoda) 6
,
1.
,
Maslow -
Rogers -
2. , , (self-actualization)
6 / 65
1.
2)
(Marie Jahoda) 6
,
3. (integration)
(self-determination), , , , ,
4. (autonomy)
7 / 65
1.
2)
(Marie Jahoda) 6
, , ,
5. (reality perception)
, , ,
6. (environmental mastery)
, ,
8 / 65
1.
2)
, , ,
- , ,
. (APA, 1994)
9 / 65
1.
2)
(developmental stages and norms)
- ,
- (family life cycle), , 3 Erikson .
(cultural relativism) -
- (tolerance)
10 / 65
1.
2)
, - (ethnocentrism)
-
-
11 / 65
1.
3)
-
10 3 ,
1 ,2 - 2 1 , - 1 2 , 5 3 ( )
12 / 65
1.
3)
-
- , - 4 2 1,600 , 8
- , , , - 4 , 2 , , 24 , ,
13 / 65
1.
3)
-
, (Clinical Nurse Specialist; CNS) (Nurse Practitioner; NP) .
= (Advanced Practice Registered Nurse-Psychiatric-Mental Health; APRN-PMH)
14 / 65
1.
3)
, , , . .
, , , .
1 -
2 -
3 -
15 / 65
1.
3)
Slavinsky
-
- , ,
1
- .- - , , - - - - ,
16 / 65
1.
3)
Slavinsky
2
-
-
-
- ,
- , , ,
-
3
- ,
- ,
-
17 / 65
1.
3)
- , .
1.
-
- : , , , (day care center), ,
- : , , , , , , ,
- ,
18 / 65
1.
3)
2.
-
- , , , , (liaison nurse), (clinical coordinator), 1 (primary therapist), , . < 1-3>
19 / 65
1.
3)
( 2 1 )
1
2
, , 3
4
, 5
, , 6
7
- < 1-4>
20 / 65
1.
3)
.
, , , V-F X .
, ( , ) . , , , .
, , . , .
21 / 65
1.
3)
, ,
, ,
, ,
22 / 65
1.
4)
-
- (McFaclane, 1995)
23 / 65
1.
4)
-
- , , , , ,
-
-
- ,
24 / 65
1.
4)
, ,
-
-
-
-
25 / 65
1.
4)
2
,
, ,
, , , , ,
26 / 65
1.
4)
. . . , , , . . .
1990 (National Alliance for the Mental Ill; NAMI)
7
27 / 65
1.
5) -
- - .
- . (Drake et al., 2001) -
, , ,
28 / 65
1.
5) -
-
?1
- ?2
?3
.
29 / 65
1.
5) -
- (evidence-based practice)
,
- .(Sackett et al., 1996)
-
. . . . . .
30 / 65
1.
5) -
- (evidence-based practice)
- Stetler (1998) 4 .
-
- - , , .
31 / 65
1.
5) -
- (evidence-based practice)
-
- ( ) (Cohort) -
( ) (practice gudlines)
- , , , , , .
32 / 65
1.
5) -
(practice gudlines)
(clinical pathway)
-
- ESM-IV-TR NANDA , , , , ,
33 / 65
1.
5) -
(practice gudlines)
(clinical algorithms)
- , , ,
. .
.
, .
34 / 65
1.
5) -
- , , . (Coughlin, 2001)
- .
- , , .
-
-
(placebo effect) , ,
35 / 65
1.
5) -
-
,
- (quailty report cards)
, , (Manderscheid, 2001) - : , , ,
- : , (managed care company), , ,
- : , , ,
36 / 65
1.
5) -
- .
- , , .
- , , .
- - .
- . .
, , . - .
, , . .
37 / 65
2.
1) (psychoanalytic model)
19 20 (Freud) ,
, . (libido) .
, .
.
,Frieda-Fromm-Reichmann(1950) .
38 / 65
2.
1) (psychoanalytic model)
(psychoanalytic therapeutic process)
.
(free association) .
, .
. 5 .
.
..
39 / 65
2.
2) (interpersonal model)
.
- ,
, (Evans, 1966)
(nursing as an interpersonal process) , . ,
40 / 65
2.
2) (interpersonal model)
(psychological mothering)
(participant observer)"
41 / 65
2.
3) (social model)
.
,
(1961)
(Myth of Mental Illness)
1 , 2 , 3 2 3 ,
1
42 / 65
2.
3) (social model)
,
, (consultation)
1 , 2 , 3 1 2 3
43 / 65
2.
4) (existential model)
(sartre), (Heidegger), (kierkegaard), (buber)
( - ) .
.
(alienation) (self-im-posed restrictions) . .
, , . . .
44 / 65
2.
4) (existential model)
(appreciation) ,
(common humanity)
45 / 65
2.
5) (communication model)
,
(Berne)
, , (complementary transaction), (crossed transaction), (ulterior transaction)
46 / 65
2.
5) (communication model)
- - , , ,
(Transactional Analysis; TA)
- , -
47 / 65
2.
6) (behavioral model)
- (H. J. Eysenck), (Joseph Wolpe), (J. Watson), (B. F. Skinner)
48 / 65
2.
6) (behavioral model)
,
,
,
49 / 65
2.
6) (behavioral model)
.
,
50 / 65
2.
7) (supportive therapy model)
,
, , , , , .
, , , , ,
51 / 65
2.
7) (supportive therapy model)
.
, (distress) .
(therapeutic alliance)
, , ,
- ? ?
52 / 65
2.
8) (medical model)
-
,
, .
- , , , , (disruptions)- .
.
53 / 65
2.
8) (medical model)
, , , , , ,
, ,
.
?
?
,
54 / 65
2.
9)
.
( , ) ( , ) .
Selye
-
.
Lazarus ,
, Selye .
55 / 65
2.
9)
Stuart (Stuart Stress Adaptation Model of Psychiatric Nursing Care) , , , -
1
2 , , , -
3 / .
.
56 / 65
2.
9)
4 ( , , )
1 , 2 3 .
5 , ,
.
, .
- .- .- / / .- 1 , 2 , 3 .- (psychiatric treatment) . - .- .
57 / 65
2.
9)
-
- (predisposing factor) - , ,
- (precipitating stressor) : ,
, , , , , , ,
, , , , , , , ,
58 / 65
2.
9)
-
: - , , .
- (life strain) (hassles)
: - . .
(appraisal of stressor)
- , , , , .
59 / 65
2.
9)
(appraisal of stressor)
. Monat Lazarus .
(arousal) .
, vasopressin, oxytocin, insulin, epinephrine, .
60 / 65
2.
9)
(appraisal of stressor)
, ,
- ,
61 / 65
2.
9)
- , 1
-
-
. , ,
, , ,
, .
62 / 65
2.
9)
, , .
. , .
- .
- Stuart .
63 / 65
2.
9)
- :
- , . - . - . - . - .
- , -
64 / 65
2.
9)
- , ,
-
- : - : - : - :
- : - : - : , , (teaching) - :
65 / 65
2.
9)
-
- : - : - : - :
- : - : - : - :
- . 1 , 2 , 3 .