1 上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司 2003.12 GSM 移动通信系统原理培训讲义有线接口信令协议

1

上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司

2003.12

GSMGSM 移动通信系统原理培训讲义移动通信系统原理培训讲义

有线接口信令协议有线接口信令协议

2

AbisAbis 接口信令接口信令

3

主叫流程（一）MS BSC

Channel activation ack

Channel activation

Channel required

CM service accept

Call proceeding

SABM(cm_serv_req)

Immediate assign command

establish indication

BTSChannel request

UA(cm_serv_req)

Immediate assignment

Setup

Data request(CM service accept)

Data Ind(Setup)Data request(Call proceeding)

4

主叫流程（二）MS BSCBTS

Channel activation ackAssignment command


Assignment Complete Deactivate SACCH

Release request(local end rel)Release confirm

RF Channle releaseRF Channel release ack

Alerting

Connect

Connect acknowledge

SABM

UA

Channel activation

Data req.(Assignment command)

Data Ind.(Assignment Complete)

Data req.(Alerting)

Data req.(Connect)

Data Ind.(Connect acknowledge)

5

主叫流程（三）MS BSCBTS

Channel Release

Release CompleteRelease

RF Channle release

DISC

Deactivate SACCH

RF Channel release ack

Release Indication

UA

DisconnectData Ind.(Disconnect)

Data Req.(Release)

Data Ind.(Release Complete)

Data Req.(Channel Release)

6

主叫流程（四）MS BSCBTS

Channel Release

Release Complete

Release

RF Channle release

DISC

Deactivate SACCH

RF Channel release ack

Release Indication

UA

DisconnectData Ind.(Disconnect)

Data Req.(Release)

Data Ind.(Release Complete)

Data Req.(Channel Release)

7

被叫流程（一）MS BSCBTS

Channel activation ackChannel activationChannel required

Call confirm

SABM(pag_resp)

Immediate assign command


Channel request

UA(pag_resp)

Immediate assignment

Setup

CM service accept

Paging CommandPaging Request

Data req.(CM service accept)

Data req.(Setup)

Data ind.(Call confirm)

8

被叫流程（二）MS BSCBTS

Channel activation ackAssignment command


Assignment Complete

Deactivate SACCH

Release request

Release confirm

RF Channle releaseRF Channel release ack

Alerting

Connect

Connect acknowledge

SABM

UA

Channel activation

Data req.(Assignment command)

Data ind.(Assignment Complete)

Data ind.(Alerting)

Data ind.(Connect)Data req.(Connect acknowledge)

9

小区间切换MS BSCBTS1 BTS2

Channel activation

Channel activation ackMeasurement result

Handover command

Measurement report

Handover access

Handover complete

SABMUA

Data ind.(HO complete)

Physical information


Handover detection

Release Request(local)Release Confirmation

RF Channel Release ACK

RF Channel Release

Data req.(HO command)

10

A A 接口信令接口信令

11

A接口信令

12

A接口信令MS BSS MSC

ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ASSIGNMENT COMMAND

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETEASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

Channel Type

Priority

Circuit Identity Code(MSC Allocate)

Downlink DTX Flag

Interference Band To Be Used

Classmark Information 2

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

RR Cause

Circuit Identity Code

Cell Identifier

Chosen Channel

Circuit Pool

Speech Version(Chosen)

Channel Type

Speech/data indicator:Speech/Data/Signaling

Channel rate and type:Full rate(Half rate)/SDCCH

Permitted speech version indication:FRV1/FRV2(EFR)

Priority

Preemption Capability Indicator

Priority Level:1~14

Queueing Allowed Indicator:Allowed/not Allowed

Preemption Vulnerability Indicator


a-k:PCM No.,max 2048

xxxxx:timeslot No.

Interference Band To Be Used

bitmap format for band1~band5

RR Cause

Normal

Circuit Pool

No1:FRV1;FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s

No4:FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s

N05:FRV1;FRV2; FR Data 12/6/3.6kbit/s


Phase1/Phase2 MS

Controlled Early Classmark Sending

RF Power Capability

Pseudo Synchronization Capability

Supplementary Service Screening Indication

MT SMS pt. To pt. Capability

Frequency Capability(GSM900 Extended?)

A5/1;A5.2;A5/3

Classmark 3

T10

13


ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ASSIGNMENT COMMAND

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

Cause

RR Cause

Circuit Pool

Circuit Pool List

Cause

Requested terrestrial resource unavailable

Requested transcoding/rate adaption available

Requested speech version unavailable

Circuit pool mismatch

Switch circuit pool/Terrestrial circuit already allocated

Equipment failure/No radio resource available/O&M intervention

Radio interface message failure

Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel

T10

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

14


Clear Request

Cause

Cause

Radio interface message failure

O&M intervention

Protocol error between BSS and MSC

Preemption

CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR REQUEST

CLEAR COMPLETE

Clear Command

Cause

Cause

Call control

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

Handover successful


15

A接口信令

Handover Required

Cause

Response Request

Cell Identifier List(Preferred)

Circuit Pool List

Current Channel

Speech Version(Used)

Queueing Indicator

Cause

Uplink Quality Uplink Strength

Downlink Quality Downlink Strength

Distance Better Cell

Traffic Response toMSC Invocation

Directed Retry Switch Circuit Pool

Preemption O&M Intervention

Response Request

Request HANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT

if result in no handover

Cell Identifier List

Max n,which is set by O&M,from 1 to 16, list is given in order of preference

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure


Invalid message contents

Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable

Cause


Ciphering algorithm not supported

Requested transcoding/rate adaptation unavaliable

Requested Speech version unavailable

Circuit pool mismatch Switch circuit pool

O&M intervention Equipment failure

No radio resource available Invalid cell

Radio interface failure,reversion to old channel

Terrestrial resource already allocated

Handover Request

Channel Type Encryption Information

Classmark Information 1 or 2 Cell Identifier(Serving)

Priority Circuit Identity Code

Downlink DTX Flag Cell Identifier(Target)

Interference Band To Be Used Cause

Classmark Information 3 Current Channel

Speech version(Used) Config. Evolution Ind

Chosen Encryption Algorithm(Serving)

Configuration Envolution Indication

SMI:Subsequent Modification Indication,

whether modification is allowed or not


Phase1/Phase2 MS

Controlled Early Classmark Sending

RF Power Capability

A5/1


Multi-bands supported,E-GSM/DCS1800/R-GSM

RF Power Capability for each band

A5/4,A5/5,A5/6,A5/7

UCS2

Handover Failure

Cause

RR Cause

Circuit Pool

Circuit Pool List

Handover Required Reject

Cause

Handover Request ACK

Layer3 Information

Chosen Channel

Chosen Encryption Algorithm

Circuit Pool


Handover Command

Layer3 Information

Cell Identifier

MS BSS MSCHANDOVER REQUIRED

HANDOVER REQUIED(1)

T7

HANDOVER COMMANDHANDOVER REQUIRED REJECT

HANDOVER REQUEST

BSS

HANDOVER FAILURE

HANDOVER REQUEST ACK

T8

HANDOVER COMMAND

HANDOVER ACCESSHANDOVER DETECTHANDOVER COMPLETE

HANDOVER COMPLETECLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETE

CLEAR REQUEST

HANDOVER FAILURE CLEAR COMMANDCLEAR COMPLETE

HANDOVER FAILURE

Handover Detect

No information element except for message type

Handover Complete

RR Cause

16

A接口信令

Handover Performed

Cause

Cell Identifier

Chosen Channel



MS BSS MSC

T8

HANDOVER COMMAND

CLEAR COMMAND

CLEAR COMPLETE

CLEAR REQUEST

HANDOVER FAILURE

HANDOVER ACCESSHANDOVER COMPLETE

HANDOVER PERFORMED

Cause



Distance Better Cell

Traffic Directed Retry

Switch Circuit Pool Preemption

O&M Intervention

17

A接口信令

Handover Performed

Cause

Cell Identifier

Chosen Channel



MS BSS MSC

T10

ASSIGNMENT COMMAND

CLEAR COMMAND

CLEAR COMPLETE

CLEAR REQUEST

ASSIGNMENT FAILUREASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

HANDOVER PERFORMED

Cause



Switch Circuit Pool O&M Intervention

18


Paging

IMSI

TMSI


Channel Needed


Cell Identification discrimination:

1.CGI

2.LAC+CI

3.CI

4.No Cell

5.LAI

6.LAC

7.All Cells on the BSS

PAGING

PAGING REQUEST TYPE 1/2/3

Channel Needed

Any channel(default)

SDCCH

TCH/F

TCH/H or TCH/F

19


CM SERVICE REQUESTPAGING RESPONSE

COMPLETE LAYER 3 INFORMATION

Complete Layer 3 Information

Cell Identifier

Layer 3 Information

Chosen Channel

CM REESTABLISHMENT REQUESTLOCATION UPDATING REQUEST

IMSI DETACH

Extract classmark information

20


Classmark update



CLASSMARK REQUEST

CLASSMARK ENQUIRY

CLASSMARK CHANGECLASSMARK UPDATE

(option suppress or delay)

CLASSMARK UPDATE(handover)

21


Cipher Mode Command

Encryption Information

Cipher Response Mode

CIPHER MODE COMMAND

CIPHERING MODE COMMAND

CIPHERING MODE COMPLETECIPHER MODE COMPLETE

CIPHER MODE REJECT

Encryption Information

Permitted algorithm:A5/1,A5/2, A5/3,A5/4, A5/5,A5/6, A5/7

Key

Cipher response Mode

IMSI must (not) be included by MS

Cipher Mode Reject

Cause

Cause

Ciphering algorithm not supported


Cipher Mode Complete

Layer 3 message contents


22

A接口信令BSS MSC

ASSIGNMENT REQUEST

ASSIGNMENT FAILURE

QUEUING INDICATION

Queuing Indication

only Message type

ASSIGNMENT COMPLETE

CLEAR REQUEST(?)

T11

BSS MSCHANDOVER REQUEST

HANDOVER FAILURE

QUEUING INDICATIONHANDOVER REQUEST ACK

HANDOVER FAILURE

Tqho

23


BLOCK/UNBLOCK

BLOCK


Cause

Connection Release Requested

Cause

No radio resource available

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T1BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

BLOCK/UNBLOCKT1

Notify to O&M

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE


UNBLOCK


24


CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK

Cause


Circuit Identity Code List

Cause


O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T20CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCKT20

Notify to O&M

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE



CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK




Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255

Status,no indication/block

25


BLOCK/UNBLOCK

BLOCK


Cause

Connection Release Requested

Cause


O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T21BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

BLOCK/UNBLOCKT21

Notify to O&M

BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE


UNBLOCK


26


CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK

Cause



Cause


O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T22CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACK

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCKT22

Notify to O&M

CIRCUIT GROUP BLOCK/UNBLOCK ACKNOWLEDGE



CIRCUIT GROUP UNBLOCK




Range,Max 255,from CIC to CIC+255

Status,no indication/block

27


RESOURCE REQUEST

Periodicity

100ms~25500ms

RESOURCE INDICATION(1/2/3/4)

RESOURCE INDICATION(3)

RESOURCE INDICATION(1) condition metPeriod

Resource Request

Periodicity

Resource Indication Method

Cell Identifier

Extended Resource Indication


1:Spontaneous resource information expected

2:One single resource infoprmation expected

3:Periodic resource information expected

4: No resource information expected

Extended Resource Indication

SM:Subsequent Mode(only valid forRIM=2)

0--Method 4

1--if RIM of before is 1 or 3, no changed;

otherwise, 4

TARR:Total Accessible Resource Requested

Resource Avaliable

Band1~Band5, number of idle FR/HR

Resource Indication


Resource Avaliable

Cell Identifier

Total Resource Accessible

28


RESET

Reset

Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T13 RESET ACK

RESET (n)

RESET (1)

T16

T16

29


RESET

Reset

Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

T2 RESET ACK

RESET (n)

RESET (1)

T4

T4

30


RESET CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit


Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

RESET CIRCUIT ACK

RESET CIRCUIT(n)

RESET CIRCUIT(1)

T19

T19

UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit


31


RESET CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit


Cause

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure

RESET CIRCUIT ACK

RESET CIRCUIT(n)

RESET CIRCUIT(1)

T12

T12

UNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT

Reset Circuit ACK/Unequipped Circuit


32


HANDOVER CANDIDATE ENQUIRE

Handover Candidate Enquire

Number of MSs


Cell Identifier

HANDOVER REQUIRED(1)

HANDOVER REQUIRED(n)

Handover Candidate Response

Number of MSs

Cell Identifier

HANDOVER CANDIDATE RESPONSE

33


Overload

Cause

OVERLOAD

Cause

Processor overload

O&M intervention

OVERLOAD(ignored)

T18T17

OVERLOAD

Decrease random access traffic by 1 step

Decrease random access traffic by 1 step

Increase random access traffic by 1 step

34


Overload

Cause

Cell Identifier

OVERLOAD

Cause

Processor overload

O&M intervention

CCCH overload

OVERLOAD(ignored)

T6T5

OVERLOAD

Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step

Decrease MSC originated traffic by 1 step

Increase MSC originated traffic by 1 step

35


DTAP MESSAGE(SAPI in DLCI0)

SAPI “n” Reject

DLCI

Cause

SAPI “n” REJECT

Cause

O&M intervention

Processor overload

BSS not equipped

MS not equipped

36


CONFUSION

Confusion

Cause

Diagnostics

CONFUSION

Cause


Information element or field missing

Incorrect value

Unknown message type

Unknown information element


Invalid cell

UNEQUIPPED CIRCUITUNEQUIPPED CIRCUIT

Unequipped Circuit



37

A接口信令BSS MSC BSS

LOAD INDICATION

Cause

O&M intervention

Equipment failure


Processor overload

Traffic load

Load Indication

Time Indication

Cell Identifier

Cell Identifier List(Target)

Resource Situation

(if without, the indicated cell is not able to perform incoming handover request)

Cause

LOAD INDICATION

Time Indication

0:No value valid

255:infinite

others:10s~2540s

Resource Situation

number of SDCCH channel in each interference band

number of TCH/F channel in each interference band

38

A接口信令

39

MAP MAP 接口信令接口信令

40

MAP 所应用的接口

• VLR-HLR 用户信息、位置信息• MSC-HLR 查询路由• VLR-VLR 用户信息• MSC-MSC 切换、短消息• MSC-EIR 设备鉴权

41

MAP

• GSM 网移动系统实体—归属位置寄存器 (HLR)

—拜访位置寄存器 (VLR)

—移动业务交换中心 (MSC)

—设备识别积存器 (EIR)

—关口局 MSC(GMSC)

42

动态数据库 VLR

• VLR (Visitor Location Register) ：拜访位置寄存器。实际上是一个数据库，储存用户信息，主要包括：– MSRN (Mobile Station Roaming Number) : 移动台漫游号码– TMSI (Temporary Mobile Subscriber Identification) : 临时移动用户

身份– 移动台登记的位置区（ LAC ）– 与补充业务有关的数据

• 可分配一个 MSRN ，还可以分配一个 TMSI 用于用户的身份保密。

43

静态数据库 HLR

• HLR (Home Location Register) ：归属位置寄存器。实际上是一个数据库，主要储存二类数据：– 用户数据，主要包括：

• 用户的身份 IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identification)

• 用户 ISDN 号码• VLR 地址

– 用户的位置信息

44

MAP 的应用

• GSM NO.7 信令网的等级结构

HSTP HSTP HSTP

LSTP LSTP

SPSP SP

45

信令网和话路网的对应关系•

TMSC1 HSTP H&LSTP TMSC1

TMSC2

MSC

LSTP TMSC2

MSC

话路信令链

46

信令网的寻址方式

• MAP 是专为 GSM 要求而设计的，是 TCAP 的一个客户，位于 TCAP 之上。 MAP 协议支持一个物理实体同时和几个物理实体的通信，主要功能是支持移动用户的位置登记、位置删除、用户业务管理、参数

管理、漫游、越区切换、鉴权、保密数据传输等。 C

IC 表示该消息属于哪条话音电路（它的长度是 12 比特，因此一条数字信令链路理论上可载送 212 =4096 条话路的信令消息）。在 GSM 信令网 SP 、 STP 间传送MAP 信令消息必须有 SCCP 的支持， SCCP 的地址是由 GT 、 DPC 、 SSN 组成。

47

MAP 支持的程序

• --- 位置登记 / 删除• --- 切换• --- 复原• --- 操作维护• --- 补充业务• --- 短消息处理• --- 呼叫处理• IMEI 的管理

48

位置登记 / 删除

• VLR HLR PVLRSend Authen

Send Authen Ack

Update-location

Cancel-location

Cancel-location AckInsert Sub.Data

Insert Sub.Date Ack

Update-location Ack

49

故障后复原程序—— VLR 复原

• VLR HLRProvide Roaming Number

Provide Roaming Number Ack.

Send Authentication

Send Authentication Ack.

Restore Data

50

故障后复原程序—— VLR 复原

• Insert Sub. Data

Insert Sub. Data Ack

Restore Data Ack.

51

故障后复原程序—— HLR 复原

• HLR VLR Reset

Update Location

Active Trace Mode

Active Trace Mode Ack.

Insert Sub.Data

Insert Sub.Data Ack

Update Location Ack

52

呼叫建立期间获得路由数据

• GMSC HLR VLR

Send Routing Information

SRI Ack.

Provide Roaming Number

PRN Ack.

53

移动发起短消息业务传送

• MSC/VLR HLR SC

Forward SM

Forward SM Ack

Send Routing Info

Send Routing Infor for SM Ack.

54

短消息提醒程序

• MSC/VLR HLR SC

Ready for SM

Ready for SM Ack.

Alert SMC

Alert SMC Ack.

55

位置更新过程

VLRVLR

HLRHLR

VLRVLR

BSSBSS VMSCVMSCUmA

B

newold

Loc update cancellation

Id inquiringLocation Update 的起因：1 ） SIM 卡第一次使用2 ）位置区发生变化3 ）周期位置更新4 ） IMSI attach/detach

D D

G

56

位置更新流程 (1)在同一 VLR/MSC中的位置更新

MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRVLRBSSBSS

Loc upd req Cmpl L3 Info Upd loc area

Authenticate Authentication req

Authentication respAuthenticate ack

Fwd new TMSI ack

Cipher mode cmdCiphering mode cmd

Upd loc area ackCiphering mode comp Cipher mode comp

Loc upd acc

TMSI reallocation cmp

Fwd new TMSI

Set ciphering mode

Update location areaTarget location area IdServing cell IdLocation update typeIMSITMSIPrevious location area Id

Update location area ACKUser errorProvider error

User errorunknown subscriberunknown location arearoaming not allowedillegal subscriberillegal equipmentsystem failure;

AuthenticateRANDCKSN

Authenticate ACKSRESSet Ciphering Modeciphering mode:no,A5/1~7Kc

Forward New TMSITMSI

Forward New TMSI ACKProvider error

57

位置更新流程 (2)在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR可及

MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRnVLRnBSSBSS

Loc upd reqUpd Loc area

Auth.Auth. reqAuth. resp Auth. ack

Set ciph. modeCiph. Mode cmdCiph. mode cmd

FWD new TMSICiph. mode cmpCiph. mode cmp

Loc upd acc

Fwd new TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp

HLRHLR

Upd loc

Upd loc ack

VLRoVLRo

Send Id

Send Id ack

Cancel location.Cancel location ack

Upd Loc area ack

Send IdentificationTMSI

Send Identification ackIMSIAuthentication setUser error:unidentified subscriberProvider error

Update locationIMSI

MSC address

VLR number

LMSI

Update location ack

HLR number

User error

Provider error

User errorunknown subscriberroaming not allowedsystem failure;unexpected data value

Cancel location

IMSI

LMSI

Cancel location ack

User error: unexpected data value

Provider error

Insert subs dataInsert subs data ack

Insert subscriber dataIMSI MSISDN CategorySubscriber status Bearer service listTeleservice list Fwd info listCall bar info list CUG info listSS-data list Operator determined barring general dataOperator determined barring HPLMN dataRoaming restriction due to unsupported featureRegional subscription data VLR CAMEL subscription info

Insert subscriber data ackBearer service list Teleservice listOperator determined barring general dataSS code list Regional subscription responseSupported CAMEL phasesUser error:unidentified subscriber,data missing,unexpected data valueProvider error

Cmpl L3 Info

58

位置更新流程 (3)在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR不可及


Loc upd reqUpd Loc area




Loc upd acc


HLRHLR

Upd loc

Upd loc ack

VLRoVLRo


Upd Loc area ack

Provide IMSI ackIMSI

user error:absent subscriber

Provider error

Provide IMSIID reqID resp Provide IMSI ack Send Auth. info

Send Auth info ack


Cmpl L3 Info

59

位置更新流程 (4)在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR可及，但信息丢失


Loc upd req Upd Loc area



Loc upd acc


HLRHLR

Upd loc

Upd loc ack

VLRoVLRo


Upd Loc area ack

Provide IMSIID reqID resp Provide IMSI ack

Send Id

Send Id ack


Send Auth. infoSend Auth info ack


Cmpl L3 Info

60

位置更新流程 (5)

在新的 VLR中的位置更新，原 VLR可及，但信息丢失


Loc upd req Loc upd req Loc area upd

Auth.Auth.Auth.

Auth. resp Auth. resp Auth. ack

Set ciph. modeStart cipheringCiph. mode cmd

Loc upd accCiph. mode cmpCiph. mode cmp

Loc upd acc

TMSI ackTMSI reallocation cmp

HLRHLR

Loc upd req

Loc upd ack

VLRoVLRo

Cancellation.

Cancellation ack

Id req.Id req.Id req.Id resp Id resp Id resp

unknown

Id req.

61

IMSI Detach 流程


IMSI Detach Cmpl L3 Info Detach IMSI

Detach IMSIIMSITMSI

62

清除 MS 流程


Purge MS ack

Purge MSIMSIVLR number

Purge MS

MS 没有在规定的时间里作周期性位置更新，

或 O&M 操作清除 MS

Purge MS ackProvider error

63

移动主叫（ MO ）过程

BSSBSS VMSCVMSC

VLRVLRVPLMN(visited)

IAM （ ISUP ）

SIFOCComplete call

UmA

B

IAM : Initial address message

ISUP : ISDN user part

SIFOC : Send information for outgoing call

64

MO 信令流程MSMS VMSCVMSC VLRVLRBSSBSS

CM service req Process access reqAuthenticateAuthenticate request

Authenticate resp Authenticate ackCM service accept Process access req ack

setup SIFOCComplete call

Assignment requestAssignment cmdAssignment comp Assignment complete

Call proceeding

IAMACMANM

AlertConnect

Connect ack

Cmpl L3 Info

Process access requestCM service type

Access connection status

Current location ID

TMSI/IMSI

CKSN

Process access request ackIMSI

MSISDN

User error:

Provider error

User errorunidentified subscriber illegal subscriber

illegal equipment roaming not allowed

unknown location area system failure

unexpected data value

Send information for outgoing callCalled numberBearer serviceTeleserviceCUG indexSuppress preferential CUG

Suppress CUG outgoing access

Complete callMSISDN IMEICategory GSM bearer capabilityISDN bearer capabilityISDN low layer compatibilityISDN high layer compatibilityCLIP provision CLIR override provisionCLIR provision CLIR modeCOLP provision COLR override provisionCOLR provision No Reply Condition TimerCUG index CUG interlockCUG outgoing access Advice of Charge provision

65

移动被叫（ MT ）过程

BSSBSSVMSCVMSC

VLRVLR

VPLMN

IAM (ISUP) SIFICPage/ackComplete call

UmA

BGMSCGMSC

HLRHLR

IAM(ISUP)

Send routeing info/ack Provide roaming n

umber/ack

SIFIC : Send information for incoming call

66

GMSCGMSC VLRVLR VMSCVMSC BSSBSS MSMSIAMSIFIC

Page/Search MS Paging Paging requestPaging responseProcess access req

Complete call SetupCall conf

Assignment request Ass cmdAss cmpAssignment cmp

AllertingACMConnectANMConnect ackComplete call ack

移动被叫流程

Cmpl L3 InfoProcess access req ack

Send Information for Incoming CallMSRNBearer serviceTeleserviceDialled numberNumber of forwardingCUG interlock

CUG outgoing access

Page IMSILocation area IDPage typeTMSI

Search MSIMSIPage typeTMSI

67

MT 获取路由信息GMSCGMSC VMSCVMSCVLRVLRHLRHLR

Send Routing InfoIAM


PRN ackSRI ack

IAM

Send Routing Information

Interrogation type

GMSC address

MSISDNAlerting PatternCUG interlockCUG outgoing accessNumber of forwardingISDN BCISDN LLC

ISDN HLC


IMSI

MSC number

MSISDN

LMSI

Provide Roaming Number ack

Roaming number

User error

Provider error

User errorAbsent Subscriber;

No Roaming Number Available;

OR Not Allowed;

Facility Not Supported;

System Failure;

Data Missing;

Unexpected Data Value

Send Routing Information ackIMSIRoaming numberForwarded-to numberForwarded-to subaddressNotification to calling partyForwarding reasonRedirecting presentationMSISDNCUG interlock

CUG outgoing access

User errorAbsent subscriber Bearer service not provisioned;

Call barred (Operator determined barring);

CUG reject (Called party SS interaction violation);

Data missing Facility not supported;

Forwarding violation Number changed;

System Failure Teleservice not provisioned;

Unexpected data value Unknown subscriber

68

江苏

上海北京

MSRN 路由接续的机理

TMSC

MSC/VLRMSC/VLR

TMSCTMSC

GMSCGMSCIAM

HLRHLRMSC/VLRMSC/VLR

TMSC

MSC/VLRMSC/VLR

021

021

6495SRI

PRN“13901234567”

021-64957700

6495xxxx

6485xxxx

021-64957700

MSRNMSISDN MSRN

64957700

64957701 6495ABCD

“13901234567”

0123

HLR 号

69

切换流程

• 小区内切换流程• 小区间切换流程• 外部切换流程• MSC 间切换

70

小区内切换MSC BTSBSC MS

SABM(FACCH)

Measurement result

Channel activation ack

Establish indication

Release Confirmation

Measurement report

Assigment complete(FACCH)

HO Performed

RF Channel Release ACK

Assigment command (FACCH)

Release Request

RF Channel Release

Channel activation

UA （ FACCH ）

Receiver Ready(FACCH)

71

外部切换MSMSC BSS2 BSS1

Measurement Report(SACCH)

BTS2 BTS1

Measurement Result

Handover Required

Handover RequestChannel Activation

Channel Activation ACKHO Request ACK

Handover Command Handover Command(FACCH)

Handover Access(FACCH) Handover DetectionHandover Detection Physical Information (FACCH)

SABM (FACCH) Establish Indication

UA (FACCH)

Handover Complete (FACCH)

Receiver Ready (FACCH) Handover Complete

Handover Complete

Clear CommandRelease Request

Release ConfirmationRF Channel

ReleaseRF CH Release ACKClear Command

72

MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BHO Required

MSC 间切换流程（一）

Prepare Handover

Target cell IDBSS APDU

Prep HO Alloc HO numberHO RequestHO Request ack

Prep HO ack Send HO report

IAMSend HO report ack

ACMHO Command HO DetectProc access sig

HO CompleteSend end sig reqClear CommandANS

ReleaseSend end sig ack

Send Handover Report

Handover number

Linked ID

Prepare Handover ackBSS APDUHandover numberUser errorProvider error

User errorNo handover number available

System failure

Unexpected data value

Data missing

Process access signalBSS APDUSend end signalBSS APDU

Clear Complete

Clear CommandClear Complete

需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换

73

MSC 间切换流程（二）不需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换

MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BHO Required Prep HO

HO RequestHO Request ack

Prep HO ack

HO Command HO DetectProc access sig

HO CompleteSend end sig reqClear Command

Send end sig ack

Clear Complete

Clear CommandClear Complete

74


MSC 间切换流程（三）

Prepare subsequent Handover

Target cell ID

Target MSC numberBSS APDU

Prep sub HOHO Request

HO Request ack Prep sub HO ackHO Command

HO Detect

HO CompleteClear Command

Release

Send end sig ack

User errorUnkown MSC

Subsequent handover failure

Unexpected data value

Data missing

Prepare subsequent Handover ack

User error

Provider error

Clear Complete

MSC B 切换回 MSC A ，使用电路连接

75


MSC 间切换流程（四）

Prep sub HOHO Request

HO Request ack Prep sub HO ackHO Command

HO Detect

HO CompleteClear Command

Send end sig ack

Clear Complete

MSC B 切换回 MSC A ，不使用电路连接

76

MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS MSC-CMSC-C VLR-CVLR-CHO Required

MSC 间切换流程（五）

Prep sub HO

HO Request

Prep HO ack Send HO report

IAMACM

HO CommandHO DetectProc access sig

HO CompleteSend end sig req

Clear Command

ANS

Release

Send end sig ack

Clear Complete

BSS-C/MSBSS-C/MS

Prep HOAlloc HO number

HO Request ack

Send HO report ack

Prep sub HO ack

ReleaseSend end sig ack

Clear CmdClear Cmpl

MSC B 切换到 MSC C ，使用电路连接

77

MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS MSC-CMSC-C VLR-CVLR-CHO Required

MSC 间切换流程（六）

Prep sub HO

HO Request

Prep HO ack

HO CommandHO DetectProc access sig

HO CompleteSend end sig req

Clear Command

Send end sig ack

Clear Complete

BSS-C/MSBSS-C/MS

Prep HO

HO Request ack

Prep sub HO ack

Send end sig ack

Clear CmdClear Cmpl

MSC B 切换到 MSC C ，不使用电路连接

78

MSC 间切换流程（七）不需要电路连接的 MSC 间基本切换后，建立电路连接

MS/BSS-AMS/BSS-A MSC-AMSC-A MSC-BMSC-B BSS-B/MSBSS-B/MS VLR-BVLR-BPrep HO

Assignment RequestAssignment Cmpl

Prep HO ack

Send end sig ack Clear CommandClear Complete

Alloc HO number

Send HO report

Send HO report ackIAM

ACM

ANS

Release

79

SDCCH上的短信主叫流程MS BTS

Channel RequestRACH

AGCHSDCCHSDCCH

BSC MSC

Channel RequestChannel Active

Channel Active ACKImm. Assignment

SABM(CM-SERV-REQ)

EST IND(CM-SERV-REQ)

CR(CM-SERV-REQ)UA(CM-SERV-REQ)CC(AUTH-REQ)AUTH-REQ

AUTH-RESCIPH MODE CMDENCR CMDCIPH MODE CMD

CIPH MODE CMP CIPH MODE CMPSABM(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

Clear CommandChannel ReleaseDEACT SACCHDISC(SAPI=0)

Release IndicationUA(SAPI=0)Local release

SAPI=3Clear CompleteRF Channel Release

To SCFrom SC

80

SDCCH上的短信被叫流程MS BTS

Page RequestPCH

AGCHSDCCHSDCCH

BSC MSCPaging CommandChannel Request

Channel Active ACKImm. Assignment

SABM(Page Response)

EST IND(Page Resp.) CR(Page Resp.)UA(Page Resp.)CC(AUTH-REQ)AUTH-REQ

AUTH-RESCIPH MODE CMDENCR CMDCIPH MODE CMD

CIPH MODE CMP CIPH MODE CMPSABM(SAPI=3) EST REQ(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

Clear CommandChannel ReleaseDEACT SACCHDISC(SAPI=0)

Release IndicationUA(SAPI=0)Local release

SAPI=3Clear CompleteRF Channel Release

PagingChannel Request

Channel Active

EST CONF(SAPI=3)CP-DATA

RACHFrom SC

To SC

81

TCH上的短信主叫流程MS BTS

FACCHFACCH

SACCH

BSC MSC

To SC

ACTIVE CALL

ACTIVE CALL

CM SERV REQ

CM SERV ACC

SABM(SAPI=3) EST IND(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

From SC

82

TCH上的短信被叫流程MS BTS

SACCH

BSC MSC

From SC

ACTIVE CALL

ACTIVE CALL

SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(SAPI=3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATACP-ACK

CP-DATACP-ACK

To SC

EST REQ(SAPI=3) CP-DATA

83

SDCCH上MSC间短信切换流程MS BTS-A

CP-DATAMSC-B MSBSC-A MSC-A BSC-B BTS-B

CP-ACKHANDO RQDPRE HANDOHANDO RQTCHAN ACTIV

CHAN ACTIV ACKHANDO RQT ACKPRE HANDO ACKHANDO CMD

HANDO CMD HANDO ACCHANDO DETPhysical INFHANDO DETProcess Access

Signalling SABM(SAPI=0)UA(SAPI=0)

HANDO COMPHANDO COMPSend end signalClear CMDRF CHAN REL

RF CHAN REL ACKClear COMP

Forward Access Signalling

CP-DATA EST REQ(3)SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATA

HANDO COMP

CP-ACKProcess Access

Signalling

To SC

From SC

To SC

84

SACCH上MSC间切换流程MS BTS-A

CP-DATAMSC-B MSBSC-A MSC-A BSC-B BTS-B

CP-ACKHANDO RQDPRE HANDOHANDO RQTCHAN ACTIV

CHAN ACTIV ACKHANDO RQT ACKPRE HANDO ACK

HANDO CMDHANDO CMDHANDO ACC

HANDO DETPhysical INFHANDO DETProcess Access

Signalling SABM(SAPI=0)UA(SAPI=0)

HANDO COMPHANDO COMPSend end signalClear CMDRF CHAN REL

RF CHAN REL ACKClear COMP

Forward Access Signalling

CP-DATA EST REQ(3)SABM(SAPI=3)EST CONF(3)UA(SAPI=3)

CP-DATA

HANDO COMP

CP-ACKProcess Access

Signalling

To SC

From SC

To SC

IAMACM

Answer

85

优化中注意的问题

• 1 ，不能建立呼叫或建立后即释放：• 在主叫用户呼叫时，未得到被叫方的任何响应，双方的信令流

程正常。在这种情况下，可以检查双方 MSC 设置的 CIC 是否规范，即双方的选线方式是否正确。根据 DPC 的值的大小来设置 FIFO 或 LIFO,否则发生“同抢”会大大降低接通率。

• 2 ，用户通话过程中由于频繁切换失败，造成大量掉话：• 由于本MSC 没有预留足够 HO资源，这个问题可以从本局的

局数据中得到确切结果。往往网络不断扩容，造成用户数增长很快，不能及时扩长 HO 数量。

• 3 ，业务区边界存在单向切换：• 在边界上双方小区的切换成功率为 0 ，或相距较近的另一业

务区小区发生不能切换的事件，则应该检查该小区的 LAC 和 CI是否在归属 MSC 中漏做。

86

优化中注意的问题• 4 ，建立呼叫后存在的“单通”现象过多：• 往往问题出在传输的质量上面，而这一类问题看似简单，却经常出问题。原来比较好的条件，但由于维护的疏忽和网络改造，造成“自环”或“连接”松动，并且这部分电路未隔离，所以应仔细复查。

87

Documents

1 上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司 2003.12 GSM 移动通信系统原理培训讲义 有线接口信令协议

1 上海大唐移动通信设备有限公司 2003.12 GSM 移动通信系统原理培训讲义有线接口信令协议