Upload
amaris
View
111
Download
2
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
1 Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety—nine percent perspiration. 天赋,才能. 1) genius /gift / talent. genius : 指“最全面的天才”也指有“天才的人”. Eg : LiBai was a great genius . He is a genius at mathematics. gift : 侧重“天赋”. Eg : She has a gift for music. Talent : 侧重“才能”. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Citation preview
1 Genius is one percent inspiration and ninety—nine percent perspiration .
1) genius /gift / talent 天赋,才能
genius : 指“最全面的天才”也指有“天才的人”Eg : LiBai was a great genius .
He is a genius at mathematics .
gift : 侧重“天赋”Eg : She has a gift for music .
Talent : 侧重“才能”Eg : He showed great talent in language .
2) 百分数的构成和用法
构成
用法
数词 +percent / per cent
作主语时,谓语与后面的中心名词保持一致
Eg : More than 70 percent of the surface of the earth ____covered by water .
Forty percent of the students in our school ____girls .
is
are
注:如修饰 population , 谓语常用复数
Eg : 80 percent of the population in this town ____farmers .are
2 It takes a very unusual mind to undertake analysis of the obvious .
1) It take sb some time to do sth
= Sb spend some time (in)doing sth
on sth
Sth cost sb money /time .
Eg : This new book cost me ten yuan .
It took me three years to finish the project . =
I spent three yeas in finishing the project .
2) mind
n 1) (u) 精神,记忆力,注意力
Call / bring sth (back ) to (one’s )mind 使回想起---
失去理智
精神错乱
心不在焉
出现在脑海
反复考虑
记住
Lose one’s mind
out of one’s mind
absence of mind
come to /into one’s mind
turn sth over in one’s mind
bear /keep / have sth in mind
give one’s mind to + n /doing =
keep one’s mind on 专心,致力于--
Eg She gave her mind to studying English . =
She kept her mind on studying English .
2) ( c ) a 意见 , 主意
Eg : So many men ,so many minds . 人各有志
Be in /of two minds
change one’s mind
make up one’s mind
b 有才智的人
Eg : She was one of the most brilliant minds of the last century .
V (1) 当心,注意
Mind +N
从句
Eg : Mind your head /step
Mind the holes in the road .
Mind that you lock the door when you leave .
注意走时锁门
( 2 )介意,在意
A :Do you mind if + 从句
B: Would you mine if + 从句 语气委婉,从句谓语用过去时
Eg ; Do you mind if I sit here ?
Would you mind if I changed my mind ?
C: Do / Would you mind + n /doing / 动名词的复合结构
Eg : Do you mind my opening the window ?
Do you mind cigarette ?
D : mind + wh – 引导的从句
Eg : We don’t mind where you do it as long as you get it finished quickly .
我不管你在那儿做,只要快点儿做完就行。
F : Never mind . 用于对方道歉时的应答语 , “没关系”“不要紧”
Eg :--I’,m terribly sorry for coming late .
---Never mind . Come earlier next time .
undertake vt
同意(做某事)
Eg : The lawyer undertook the case without a fee .
I can’t undertake that you will take a profit .
He undertook to be here at five .
He undertook a new experiment .
承担,承办
保证,断言
从事,着手,进行
( undertook , undertaken )
Analysis n 分析 / 解 ( pl) analyses
V analyze / analyse
Eg : The analysis of the murder spot showed some valuable clues to the police .
.
教练努力分析我们失败的原因。
对谋杀现场的分析,为警察提供了一些有价值的线索。
The coach tried to analyse the cause of our defeat
3 You can’t teach a man anything .You can only help him find it within himself .
within a “ 走 --- 内,在---里面 ”Eg : He learned to speak English within six month . Within these old walls there was once a town
b “ 在---的范围内” 不超出--的范围”
Eg : He lives within 20 minutes’ walk .
他住的地方走20分钟就到.
Do what’s within your power . 尽力而为 !
4 You are going to debate each other to see which branch of science is the most important and useful for society .
a n (c ) “ 争论 , 辩论 ; 讨论会 , 辩论会”debate
Eg : a debate about the punishment for criminals
谁先发言 ? Who open the debate ?
Education is the current focus of public debate .
教育是当前公众争论的焦点。
Eg : The government is debating the education laws .
They had been debating for several hours without
reaching a conclusion .
b vt “ 辩论,争论 ” 着重“双方各述己见”,内含“交锋”
6 There is no doubt that ----
doubt vt “ 犹豫,怀疑,不确定”
doubt + n/pron
宾语从句 whether /if ( 肯) that ( 否 / 疑)
Eg : I doubt his sincerity .
I doubt_________________________,
I _________________________________the river .
我怀疑他的诚意。我怀疑他们是否会按时来。
Do you doubt that he will succeed ?
我相信他能游过这条河。
你怀疑他会成功吗?
if / whether they will come on time
don’t doubt that he can swim across
--- 是毫无疑问的。
n “ 怀疑,疑惑/问 ” doubt + 同位从句 if / whether (肯)
that ( 否)毫无疑问,他会给你提些好的建议。I __________________________you some advice . have no doubt that he will give
她不能肯定演唱会是否与周六晚上举行
Eg : She had her doubts whether the concert will be held on Saturday evening .
C in doubt “ 怀疑”他不知道下一步该怎么办。
eg : He is in doubt (about ) what to do next .
D without doubt “ 无疑,当然”
eg : Without doubt this design is the best
E beyond doubt
Eg : His ability to design the bridge is beyond doubt .
毋庸置疑
他设计这座桥的能力是毋庸置疑的。
Eg : There is no doubt that he can do a good job of it .
.
F throw doubt on sth “ 使人对某事产生怀疑”
Eg : His experiments threw doubt on his teacher’s theory .
G There is no doubt that---- “ 毫无疑问---”
毫无疑问,这件工作他会干得很出色。
.
瑞典同挪威、芬兰相邻。
1 No boundaries
Boundary / border / frontier
Boundary 指 “边界线”主要指领土的边界。
Eg : The river is the boundary between the two countries
Border 指“边界”常指边境“即沿两国边界的地区。
Eg : He waited for her at the border .
Frontier 指“就一国讲的边界”
eg : Sweden has frontiers with Norway and Finland .
2 Imagine this you are twenty –one years old and a promising graduate student at one of the top universities in the world .
1 ) Promise v
promise +sb n/pron
sb to do
宾语从句
Eg : Her parents promised her a new bike if she passed her exam . He has promised to meet me at 8:oo am . But she hasn’t turned up yet . They promised us that they would come .
允诺,答应
预兆/示
eg : Early mist promises fair weather
晨雾预示好天气。Eg : This year promises to be another good one for harvests .
今年看来又是一个丰收年。
break one’s/ a promisebreak one’s/ a promise 失信失信
n 允诺,答应
make a promise 许诺Eg : I’ll try to go back in time , but I’m not making any promises . 我会尽力按时回来,但我不敢做保证。
Eg : He broke his promise and didn’t come to see me .
keep one’s /a promise .履行诺言
eg : You can trust him .He always keeps his promise .
Eg : She graduated from an American college .
Tom has just graduated with master’s degree in
psychology .
promising adj “ 有希望的,会成功的,有前途的”
a promising youth promising crops 丰收在望的庄稼
2) Graduate n (大学 )毕业生 ,研究生”
A Cambridge graduate Tom is a physics graduate .
V 毕业,获得学位
3 Most of us would probably feel very sad and give up our dream and hopes for the future .
give + prep /adv 的短语
A give away “赠送 ,泄露 (秘密 ),暴露”
Eg : The supermarket is giving away a box of sugar to
everyone who comes today .
The party was meant to be a surprise , but Sharon
gave it away .
B give off 发出 ,放出 (蒸汽 , 气味 )
eg : That tiny radiator doesn’t give off much heat .
C give out “ 分发( vt) ,用完,用尽 (vi)
Eg : Give the money out to the children .
Our food supply at last gave out .
His strength gave out .
他已精疲力竭了.
D give in “ 屈服,投降;退让( to )
eg : The government can’t be seen to give in to errorists’ demand .
不容许看见政府屈从于恐怖分子的要求.
E give up “放弃(+ n/doing );让给”
Eg : You’ll never guess the answer ---do you give up ?
I gave up smoking two years ago .
试图说服他没有用;他也不会听你的意见.
4 There did not seem much point in working on my phD –I did not expect to survive that long .
1) There is no point in doing sth
“ 做某事没有作用/没有意义”Eg : There is no point arguing about it –we’re going and that’s that .
There is very little point in trying to persuade him ; he won’t follow your advice .
再争论下去没有用-我们说走就走.
这药对他根本不起作用.
2) work on /work at / work out
A work on“继续工作;对 --- 起作用;使人信服;从事于”Eg : His dancing technique is good , but he needs to work on his fitness .
I’m working on my father to get him to take me to the airport .
The medicine doesn’t work on him at all .
他的舞蹈技术不错,但需要在配合上下工夫.
我正在说服父亲带我去机场.
B work at “ 从事,致力于 ,钻研”
eg : You need to work at improving your writing .
As he worked very hard at his lessons , he made great progress .
你需要致力于改进你的书写
因为他努力学习功课 ,所以他取得很大的进步 .
让我们祝愿他的新工作进展顺利.
C work out
eg : We need to work out the total cost of the project .
Why does he behave like that ? I can’t work him out at all .
Let’s hope this new job works out well for him .
我们需要计算出这项工程的总成本 .
他为什么会那样做呢 ? 我一点也不明白
. 大多数父母对自己的子女给予很大的希望.
3) expect “ 期待 ,预期 ,盼望 ,预料”
A expect +n / pron
Eg : I expect you for supper at six o’clock sharp .
Most of the parents expect much of their children
B expect +to do
Eg : The shop expects to make a small profit this year
这家店期望今年能赚点钱.
.
Eg : I expect he’ll pass the examination .
C expect sb to do
Eg : You can’t expect me to approve of it .
The first message is expected to arrive at 7 o’clock
this evening .
第一次的信息预计在今晚七点到达.
你别指望我会赞成.
D expect + 宾语从句
eg : ---Is the famous singer going to give any performance at the evening party ? ---I expect so .
E I don’t expect that ---- 反意疑问句与从句保持一致
我料想他不会借我们这么多的钱,是吗?
I don’t expect that he will lend us so much money , will he ?
F I expect so / not
经过暴风雨袭击,这所房屋并未倒塌。
4) Survive vi “ 生还,幸存,在--之后还活着”
Eg : Few survived after the flood .
The man was very ill , but he survived .
The custom still survive .
Vt “比 ---活的长,经受得住,经历 ---之后依然活着” eg : He survived his wife for many years .
The house survived the storm .
他比妻子多活好多年。
. 我从来没在外面待到这么晚。
5) that adv 表程度“那么”多修饰形容词
eg : I can’t walk that far .
I’ve never been out that late before .
5 Yet two years had gone by and I was not that much worse .
go by :“( 时间)过去;依照;顺便走访”
Eg : You can’t go by what the children say .
Going by what he wears , he must have come form the south .
Three hours went by before we knew it .
You can’t let an opportunity like that go by --- it’s too good to miss .
你不能照孩子们说的去做。
从他的穿着打扮来看,他准是从南方来的。
不知不觉中三个小时过去了。
你可不能让那样的机会溜走 -----机不可失呀!
6 In fact , things were going rather well for me and I had gotten engaged to a very nice gilr , Jane Wilde .
Engage
A “约束 / 定,使定婚”be/ get engaged to sb 与某人订婚
Eg : Tom is engaged to Anne .
B “ 从事,着手,忙于” be engaged (in ) “忙于某事”
eg : He is engaged doing his work .
C engage with “ 与--交战,使---卷入其中,咬合,衔接”
eg : The teeth of one wheel engage with those of the other .
D “ 引起(兴趣),雇用,预定(房间,座位)
eg : This seat is engaged .
We engage him as technical adviser .
His good nature engages everyone .
他的善良的性情吸引每一个人。
7 Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he had always dreamed of .
Nor did --- 表示前一种否定情况也适合于后者,
1) “neither / nor + be / 助动词 /情态动词 + 主语”
He isn’t fond of fast food ,
She can’t get there at four , I never saw him again ,
He doesn’t smoke ,
nor am I .
nor can I
nor did I hear from him .
neither does he drink
. 我做梦也想不到如此圆满的成功。
2) Dream of “梦见,梦想” +n/ doing
Eg : I never dreamed of meeting you here .
His dream of being a doctor has come true
8 Since then , Hawking has continued to seek answers to questions about the nature of the universe .
seek (sought ,sought ) “ 试图,企图”seek to do
Eg : I have never sought to hide my view .
He sought to make peace .我从不企图隐藏自己的观点。
他试图讲和。“寻找,探索,寻求”seek + n / pron / doing
Eg : We sought an answer to the questions ,but couldn’t find it . I will seek my doctor’s advice . Most men seek wealth ; all men seek happiness .
多数人寻求财富,所有人追求幸福。
9 Readers were pleased and surprised to find that a scientist could write about his work in a way that ordinary people could understand .
“ 介词 ----+way”
A by the way “顺便说说,顺便提起”Eg : By the way , what happened to the money ?
顺便问一句,那比钱后来怎么样了?
B in the / one’s way “妨碍某人,阻挠某人”
Eg : If you are in the way , you should say sorry .
C by way of “经由,经过”
Eg : The president came to China by way of Japan
D across the way “ 路对面,街对面”
Eg : The post office is just across the way .
F in a way “ 有几分,稍微,在某一方面;在某种意义上;在某中程度上”
Eg : You are right in a way
G in this way “以这种方式”
Eg : Only in this way can you improve your English .
H on one’s way to “ 到 --- 去的途中”
Eg : We’ll have to stop for fuel on the way to the airport .
Eg : I want to go to the party , but on the other hand I ought to study .
On the one hand I’d like a job which pays more , but on the other hand I enjoy the work I’m doing at the moment .
10 Scientists , on the other hand ,Hawking writes , know that their job is never finished and that even the best theory can turn out be wrong .
1) On the one hand , on the other hand
“ 一方面 ----另一方面”
2) turn out “ 生产,出产” +doing
Eg : We are to turn out 100,000 computers next year
to meet the market requirements .
“ 结果是,原来是” 多用过去时态,+不定式/从句
Eg : Things turned out to be exactly as the professor had foreseen .
The plan turned out to be failure . It turned out that she had known him when they were children .
事情正如教授所预见的那样。
结果证明他们小时侯时她就已认识他了。
“翻出,倒空”
Eg : We turned out all the cupboards and drawers and found things we hadn’t seen for years .
“驱逐(某人)出去”
Eg: He was turned out of his flat because he couldn’t pay the rent .
“打扮,装束”
Eg : She’s always beautifully turned out .
11 First , they carefully observe what they are interested in .
observe / watch / notice / see
+ 名词 /代词 / 复合宾语
感官动词 “ 看”
observe : 指借助仪器,设备“仔细观察,观测;说”
Eg : I observed him going out . He observed that we should probably have rain
他说我们可能会遇到雨。
.
.
watch 多指“聚精会神地观看(电视,比赛),监视”
Eg : Do you often watch television ? He was watching the crowd go by
他注视着人群走过。
The man is being watched by the police .
. 许多变革发生于 19世纪。
notice “ 无意识地注意到”
Eg : He noticed me entering the room . No one noticed anything unusual ?
See “看见,看到”强调“看”的结果,也可以表示“目
睹,见证”Eg : I looked but saw nothing . Please see who is at the door . The 19 t h century saw many changes
12 Finally ,the scientists test the theory to see if it matches what they have seen and if it can predict future events .
match V “ 相等;发现(找到)相等物”
Eg : They are equally matched in their knowledge of Chinese .
This hotel can’t be matched for friendliness
他们在中文的造诣上相等。
这家旅馆良好的服务态度是无与伦比的。
“ 相配,相似”Eg : These shoes do not match ; one is large and the other is small .
.
Eg : I’m ready to match my strength with yours .
These two are well matched in strength .
“ 相较量,相对抗”
2) predict v “ 预知,预言,预报”
+n / to do / clause
Eg : She predicted that he would marry a doctor .
The hurricane is predicted to reach the coast
tomorrow morning .
No one can predict when SARS will strike again .
1 What is it that Hawking does not like about his speech computer ?
强调句的典型句式强调句可以强调除谓语以外的任何句子成分
1 ) 陈述句式 :
It is / was + 被强调部分 +that + 其他 .
Eg : It was on Monday night that all this happened .
It was in the street that I met him yesterday .
It was because he was seriously ill that he died .
2) 一般疑问句式:
Is / was it +被强调部分 +that + 其他 ?
Eg : Was it in this city that you were born ?
3) 特殊疑问句式特殊疑问词 + is / was + it + that + 其他?
Eg : Where was it that you were born ?
强调句的特殊句式 It was not until ---that ---
Eg : It was not until 12 o’clock last night that the party
ended .