101129 - Chuong 2 - Mo Hinh is - LM Va Tong Cau Trong Nen KT Dong (Gui SV)_Bookbooming

KINH T V M IICHNG II: M HNH IS LM V TNG CU TRONG NN KT NG

Nguyen Thi Hong - FTU

CHNG II: M HNH IS LM V TNG CU TRONG NN KT NG M hnh IS LM (Investment/Saving - Liquidity Preference/Money Supply) c bit n nh l m hnh Hicks Hansen, c nh KT hc John Hicks (1904 1989) v nh KT hc ca M l Alvin Hansen (1887 1975) a ra v pht trin trong nhng nm 1930 nhm gii thch tc phm c nh hng ln ca Keynes L thuyt chung v vic lm, li sut v tin t.


CHNG II: M HNH IS LM V TNG CU TRONG NN KT NG M hnh IS LM coi nn KT bao gm 2 th trng: th trng hng ha v th trng tin t.

im quan trng trong MH ny l chng ta khng th phn tch ring r tng th trng, bi v gia cc th trng c s tng tc ln nhau.


CHNG II: M HNH IS LM V TNG CU TRONG NN KT NG Gi nh: Mc gi chung khng iNn KT cn nhiu ngun lc cha c s dng ht, tc l tng cung lun p ng tng cu. Trong bi cnh ,


I. Th trng hng ha v ng IS 1. M hnh giao im KeynesCng c chnh xy dng ng IS l m hnh giao im Keynes.Trong nn kinh t ng gin n ta c tng chi tiu d kin (Aggregate Planned Expenditure: APE/AE) ca nn KT l:


1. M hnh giao im KeynesTrong :C

IGT


1. M hnh giao im KeynesTrc ht, gi s rng li sut c nh mc:Mc T theo k hoch I (r) cng l ngoi sinh:


1. M hnh giao im KeynesKhi :APE = C + I +G


1. M hnh giao im KeynesNn KT t trng thi cn bng khi: APE = YTc l:


1. M hnh giao im Keynes


2. M hnh ng ISa. Khi nimng IS l tp hp tt c nhng im biu th mi quan h gia li sut v SL cn bng tha mn iu kin th trng hng ha cn bng (APE = Y).b. Cch xy dng ng IS xy dng ng IS, chng ta nghin cu mi quan h gia li sut (biu hin ca th trng tin t) v tng chi tiu d kin (biu hin ca th trng hng ha)


2. M hnh ng ISNh ni trn: APE = C(Y-T) + I(r) + Gr


2. M hnh ng ISLu :Khi li sut thay i cc yu t kinh t khc khng i th sn lng cn bng s

Khi c cc yu t khc thay i m khng phi l li sut s lm APE dch chuyn t lm cho ng IS


2. M hnh ng ISV d: Trong nn KT ng, CP nh thu t nh, nu li sut khng i, nu CP tng G hoc gim T hoc thc hin c 2 bin php


2. M hnh ng ISc. dc ng IS

dc ca ng IS ph thuc vo:


2. M hnh ng IS* S nhy cm ca u t vi li sut:Nu u t nhy cm vi li sut


2. M hnh ng IS


2. M hnh ng IS* ln ca s nhn chi tiu:


II. Th trng tin t v ng LM 1. L thuyt a thch thanh khon ca KeynesCn bng trn th trng tin t xy ra khi cung tin thc t (Real Money Supply: MSr) bng cu tin thc t (Real Money Demand: MDr hay Liquidity Preference: L), tc l:


1. L thuyt a thch thanh khon ca KeynesTrong : Cung tin thc t ph thuc vo cung tin danh ngha mt bin chnh sch, do NHTW quyt nh, v mc gi c coi l bin ngoi sinh trong m hnh.


1. L thuyt a thch thanh khon ca KeynesCu tin thc t MDr = L(Y,r)


1. L thuyt a thch thanh khon ca KeynesVi gi nh mc gi khng i (khng c lm pht, = 0) th li sut thc t s bng li sut danh ngha (r = i - = i) v lng cung tin danh ngha do NHTW quyt nh, ta s c:


Cn bng trn th trng tin t


2. M hnh ng LMa. Khi nimng LM l tp hp tt c nhng im biu th mi quan h gia sn lng v li sut cn bng tha mn iu kin th trng tin t cn bng.b. Cch xy dng ng LM xy dng ng LM chng ta cng nghin cu mi quan h gia thu nhp hay sn lng (th trng HH) v cu tin (th trng tin t).


2. M hnh ng LMKhi Y


2. M hnh ng LM


2. M hnh ng LMLu :Khi thu nhp thay i cn cc yu t kinh t khc cho trc th

Khi thu nhp khng i nhng cung tin hoc cu tin thay i th


2. M hnh ng LMV d 1: Gi s NHTW tng cung tin, trong iu kin mc gi P khng i, cung tin thc t s tng.


2. M hnh ng LM


2. M hnh ng LMV d 2: Gi s tnh trng gian ln th tn dng gia tng lm cho ngi tiu dng s dng tin mt thng xuyn hn thc hin cc giao dch


2. M hnh ng LM


2. M hnh ng LMc. dc ng LMng LM c dc dng

dc ca ng LM ph thuc vo


2. M hnh ng LM


III. Cn bng ng thi trn th trng hng ha v tin tng IS v LM ln lt l tp hp cc im biu th mi quan h gia thu nhp v li sut m bo cho th trng hng ha v th trng tin t cn bng, do trng thi cn bng ng thi c hai th trng ny xc lp ti giao im ca hai ng IS LM.


III. Cn bng ng thi trn th trng hng ha v tin t


III. Cn bng ng thi trn th trng hng ha v tin t xc nh mc TN v LS cn bng (Y0, r0) chng ta gii h phng trnh i s biu din ng IS v LM.Phng trnh ng IS: Phng trnh ng LM:


VI. Phn tch chnh sch vi m hnh IS LM1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng ISa. Chnh sch ti khaCSTK l vic CP s dng cc bin php nhm thay i thu hoc chi tiu iu tit nn KT.


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng ISGi s CP thc hin CSTK m rng thng qua vic tng chi tiu CP.


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng ISTrng hp CP tng c chi tiu v thu t nh mt lng nh nhau Khi CP thc hin vic gim thu


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng ISb. Hin tng ln t u t v hiu qu ca CSTKVic u t t nhn b gim khi CP tng chi tiu gi l hin tng thoi lui hay ln t u t (Crowding out domestic investment).


Hin tng ln t (thoi lui) u t


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng ISQuy m thoi lui u t l mc SL gim do LS tng:

Vy nhng yu t nh hng n quy m thoi lui v hiu qu ca CSTK?


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng IS dc ca ng LM


Hiu qu ca CSTK v dc ng LM


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng IS dc ca ng IS hay nhy cm ca u t vi li sut


Hiu qu ca CSTK v dc ng IS


1. Chnh sch ti kha v ng IS ln ca s nhn chi tiu


2. Chnh sch tin t v ng LMa. Chnh sch tin t CSTT l vic NHTW s dng cc cng c ca mnh nhm thay i lng cung tin qua tc ng n tng cu v sn lng.Gi s NHTW p dng CSTT m rng


2. Chnh sch tin t v ng LM


2. Chnh sch tin t v ng LMKt qu cui cng l


2. Chnh sch tin t v ng LMb. Nhn t quyt nh hiu qu ca CSTT C 3 nhn t c bn quyt nh hiu qu ca CSTT: nhy cm ca MD vi li sut ( dc ca LM)MD cng t nhy cm vi li sut (MD cng dc, LM cng dc)


Hiu qu ca CSTT v dc ng LM


2. Chnh sch tin t v ng LM nhy cm ca u t vi li sut ( dc ca ng IS)


Hiu qu ca CSTT v dc ng IS


2. Chnh sch tin t v ng LM ln ca s nhn chi tiu


V. Phi hp CSTK v CSTT 1. CSTK m rng - CSTT m rngTc ng:

Kt qu: iu kin p dng:


1. CSTK m rng - CSTT m rng


V. Phi hp CSTK v CSTT 2. CSTK tht cht - CSTT tht cht Tc ng:

Kt qu:iu kin p dng:


2. CSTK tht cht - CSTT tht cht


V. Phi hp CSTK v CSTT 3. CSTK m rng - CSTT tht chtTc ng:

Kt qu:iu kin p dng:


3. CSTK m rng - CSTT tht cht


V. Phi hp CSTK v CSTT 4. CSTK tht cht CSTT m rng Tc ng:

Kt qu: iu kin p dng:


4. CSTK tht cht - CSTT m rng


Nguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTUNguyen Thi Hong - FTU

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101129 - Chuong 2 - Mo Hinh is - LM Va Tong Cau Trong Nen KT Dong (Gui SV)_Bookbooming