2014

RELATIONS BETWEEN PLANTS

AND THE ENVIRONMENTVýukový materiál EK 01 - 01

Tvůrce: Mgr. Šárka Vopěnková

Tvůrce anglické verze: ThMgr. Ing. Jiří Foller

Projekt: S anglickým jazykem do dalších předmětů

Registrační číslo: CZ.1.07/1.1.36/03.0005

Tento projekt je spolufinancován ESF a SR ČR

ecology: deals with mutual relations between

organisms and the environment ecologic factors: a) abiotic factors b) biologic factors

RELATIONS BETWEEN PLANTS AND THEENVIRONMENT

it includes influences of abiotic environment

climatic: light, heat, precipitation, atmosphere topographic: geographic location, altitude, relief edaphic: soil features

ABIOTIC FACTORS

stress factors = stressors: unfavourable influences of the external

environment they endanger plants

tolerance of plants: different ability to endure influences of the

external environment ecological amplitude of the species: the scale of tolerance to a particular factor

ABIOTIC FACTORS

ecological amplitude of the species: euryec – species with broad ecological

amplitude stenoec – species with narrow ecological

amplitude e.g. goosegrass species has broad

ecological amplitude

ABIOTIC FACTORS

light and heat only a small part of radiation is used by plants for the

photosynthesis jen malé množství záření 1 – 2 %!!! e.g.. photosynthetical active radiation (PHAR) > wave-

length 400 – 700 nm according to the adaptation of leaves to the light

conditions: a) heliophila (sun-loving plants) – Mexican needle grass

(Stina tenuissima), English sundew (Drosera anglica) b) shadow-loving plants –wood sorrel, ferns

ENERGETIC FACTORS

temperature – an important factor plants in the mild zone can stand the

temperature between – 5o C and + 50o C > eurytherm plants

stenotherm plants: they live in extreme conditions algae in hot springs algae in snow or ice fields

ENERGETIC FACTORS

oxygen: 21 % reduced content of oxygen > limiting factor for

the growth of roots carbon dioxide: 0,036 % the only direct source of oxygen for the

production of biomass input into the atmosphere > soil breathing,

breathing of living plants, fungi and animals

ATMOSPHERIC FACTORS

pollution of the atmosphere the conclusion of the human economic activity emission imission

water: it has a very fast circulation in ecosystems hydrophyta – water lily hygrophyta – yellow flag (yellow iris) mezzophyta – bluegrass xerophyta – succulents

ATMOSPHERIC FACTORS

more stable environment than atmosphere rhizosphere: soil space attached to plant roots influenced by root excretion it influences the soil quality it depends on: supply and a accessibility of nutrients pH the amount of nitrogen water supplementation aerating

SOIL FACTORS

oligotrophic– pine tree mezzotrophic – grass eutrophic – snowdrop, Turk´s cap lily soil acidity –pH values acidophyta – blueberry neutrophyta – the most of our plants alcalophyta – wall rue (asplenium ruta)

SOIL FACTORS

RELATIONS IN THE EXOSYSTEM

WORKSHEET

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WORKSHEET

KINCL, Lubomír, Miloslav KINCL a Jana JAKRLOVÁ. Biologie rostlin: pro 1. ročník gymnázií. 4., přeprac. vyd. Praha: Fortuna, 2006, 302 s. ISBN 80-716-8947-5.

SOURCES