25-Chiang et al

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BULLEIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, 79(3): 727737, 2006

727Bin Min Scinc 2006 R S M A S

SEX RATIOS, SIZE AT SEXUAL MATURITY, AND

SPAWNING SEASONALITY OF SAILFISHIStIophoruS

platypteruSFROM EASTERN TAIWAN

Wi-Cn Cing, Ci-l Sn, S-Zn y,

Wi-Cng S, Dn-Cng li, nd Wn-yi Cn

ABSTRACT

L j (lJFl), (rW) , 246 6279 78 239 lJFl ( 160 rW) S F P J

1998 D 2002. S- . T lJFl - 145 98.6% > 227 lJFl ( 46 ) ( = 3.07 107lJFl3.9782). F . S - . E lJFl - (l

50) 166 , 162 lJFl.

M 313 AS,

- , .

S,Isis s (S S N, 1792), - (N,1985). O , A O ( M J). T , ,, - (C, 2004). F 10 , 500 1000 (), > 50% ( ).

T - (W ., 2003). E , , - - (D ., 1985; G ., 1989; Q II ., 1990; F D, 1997). T q - (H W,

1992).S

P O. K J (1969), S . (1974), M B (1987), N B (1992), U B (1999) P. E- W (1974) -

. U , H-H R-R (1998)


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BULLEIN OF MARINE SCIENCE, VOL. 79, NO. 3, 2006728

M . I , P.

T j . , - - . T P O.

Materials and Methods

Collection o Samples and General Biological Data.S S (F. 1) J 1998 D 2002. S- , / . T .S (EFL = ,lJFl= j ), (rW) 0.1 (oW). G (GSI) U S (1974). S

(5- ) q (3 ).Preparation or Histological Examination.G 10% - . T - (H ., 1992; A, 2002). M

Figure 1. The fshing port in Taitung (eastern Taiwan) where gonad samples o sailfsh (Istiopho-rus platypterus) and measurements or the sex ratio analysis were collected. Oblique and crossline areas indicated the fshing grounds o longline and gillnet fsheries based at the Shinkangfshing port.


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CHIANG E AL.: SEX RAIOS, SEXUAL MAURIY, AND SPAWNING OF SAILFISH 729

L DM LS 401000. H- DM . (2000). S 46 , 13 7 - (W ., 2003).

Oocyte Measurement.O - I-P I (MC, S S MD, 1997) (:L-MZ6) q (CCD) (: IK-630) - . H, - A (2002): (1) j , (2) - , (3) (D) D = p 1, p - . S 200350 .

T - (DM ., 2000; W ., 2003) :

lnp

pa b OD

1 -= + #c m

oD = (); = oD -

46.Sexual Maturity.S . T 50% - (l

50) (K, 1995) :

expP

r L L11

50

=+ - -# ] g6 @

p= l (5 );

= p 0 1; l50 = (lJFl) 50% .l

50 q -

(G-N , NLIN SAS I, 1990).

Results

Size Distribution and Sex Ratio.T lJFl 1927 4352 - . T lJFl 80

239 78227 , rW 260 146 (F. 2).T 0.31 (2 =

936.55; P < 0.01) 0.5 1:1. T q . S 0.5 : 1Q 2000,3Q 4Q 2000, 4Q 2001, 1Q 2002 ( 1). H, q .

T lJFl < 145 .T lJFl > 145 , lJFl > 230 . T lJFl 145 230 (F. 3)


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.Sex ratio LJFL 3 07 10

.10 3 9782= #

-

(2 = 0.933; = 18; 5- ; P < 0.05)

Sexual Maturity.S - 246 (98225lJFl) J 1999S- 2000. O 246 , 183 (74%) ( 4) (F. 4; 2). T 162 lJFl.

T (5- ) l

50:

. .expP

LJFL1 0 2277 166 3761

=+ -# ^ h6 @

(2 = 0.987; = 22; 5- ).

T 95% (C.I.) l50

166.4 1.3 (F. 5),

5 (C ., 2004).Oocyte Composition During Ovarian Maturation.A

, ~500 . I , , j . I , , - < 500 .

T q -

(OD) :

Figure 2. The size-requency distributions by (A) 5-cm intervals and (B) 2-kg intervals or maleand emale sailfsh (Istiophorus platypterus) collected rom the waters o eastern Taiwan.


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ln1 -p

pc m = - 5.8829 + 0.0157#OD(2 = 0.921; = 24; 50- ).

A, 50% 348, 90% 515 , 99% 667 .

Spawning Seasonality.F M A. F A S. T O D (F. 6). T GSI

A A, S N M (F. 7). A - A S.

Table 1. Numbers o male and emale sailfsh (Istiophorus platypterus) grouped by annual quar-ter intervals with 2 values assuming a 1:1 sex ratio in each interval.

Year Quarter Female Male Sex ratio 2 value P value DF

1998 3rd 94 393 0.19 183.58 < 0.00001** 1

1998 4th 37 132 0.22 53.40 < 0.00001** 11999 1st 13 43 0.23 16.07 0.00006** 1

1999 2nd 295 694 0.30 160.97 < 0.00001** 1

1999 3rd 362 1154 0.24 413.76 < 0.00001** 1

1999 4th 32 52 0.38 4.76 0.02910* 1

2000 1st 19 27 0.41 1.39 0.23819 1

2000 2nd 230 379 0.38 36.45 < 0.00001** 1

2000 3rd 107 131 0.45 2.42 0.11978 1

2000 4

th

30 38 0.44 0.94 0.33198 12001 1st 16 54 0.23 20.63 0.00001** 1

2001 2nd 174 275 0.39 22.72 < 0.00001** 1

2001 3rd 142 365 0.28 98.08 < 0.00001** 1

2001 4th 26 35 0.43 1.33 0.24918 1

2002 1st 3 8 0.27 2.27 0.13167 1

2002 2nd 47 80 0.37 8.57 0.00341** 1

2002 3rd 250 415 0.38 40.94 < 0.00001** 1

2002 4th 50 77 0.39 5.74 0.01658* 1

subotal (1998) 131 525 0.20 236.64 < 0.00001** 3subotal (1999) 702 1943 0.27 582.26 < 0.00001** 3

subotal (2000) 386 575 0.40 37.17 < 0.00001** 3

subotal (2001) 348 729 0.32 134.78 < 0.00001** 3

subtotal (2002) 350 580 0.38 444.90 < 0.00001** 3

2 among intervals (1998) 1.67 0.19585 1

2 among intervals (1999) 17.06 0.00069** 3

2 among intervals (2000) 4.20 0.24074 3

2

among intervals (2001) 18.26 0.00039** 32 among intervals (2002) 0.69 0.87605 3

2 among years (1998~2002) 161.59 < 0.00001** 17

* Signifcant at 5% level.** Signifcant at 1% level.


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Discussion

T 145205 lJFl. A 205 lJFl, - , > 230 lJFl . T < 0.5 , P(H-H R-R, 1998) 0.5 , 1:1 . O , 145 230 lJFl. O (, 2002) (W ., 2003) . B , (S ., 2002, C ., 2004) - (S ., 2005). T .

O :, , GSI(W, 1990). A q (Y ., 2003). H -

Figure 3. Relationship between proportion o emales and lower jaw ork length (LJFL, 5-cmclasses) or the sailfsh (Istiophorus platypterus) collected rom the waters o eastern Taiwan.Closed circles, values used or estimating the relationship; open circles, values not used.

Figure 4.Photomicrographs o ovaries at dierent maturity stages in sailfsh (Istiophorus platyp-terus): (A) immature; (B) developing; (C) maturing; (D) ripening; (E), spawning; (F) recentlyspawned; (G) spent; and (H) resting. POG: primitive oogonia; PN: perinucleolar oocytes; VT:early vitellogenic oocytes; VO: vitellogenic oocytes; MN: migratory nucleus oocyte; OD: oildroplet; HY: hydrated oocyte; N: nucleus; POF: post ovulatory ollicle; atre: atretic oocytes.Scale bar = 100 m.


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, --. GSI

( 7) ( 13) (Mj G, 1997; H--H R-R, 1998; W ., 2003). G, , , - (S, 2001). I

Table 2. Histological criteria or classifcation o gonadal developmental stages and maturation inemale sailfsh (Istiophorus platypterus) collected rom the waters o eastern Taiwan. Maturitystages were based on the criteria o DeMartini et al. (2000). Gonadosomatic index were shownor each stage.

Stage Maturityclassifcation Histological appearance o most advanced gametestage present in gonads GSImean SD(sample size)

1 Immature Only primitive oogonia present and no vitellogenesisbasophilic cytoplasm, darkly stained with Hematoxy-lin. (Fig. 4A)

0.39 0.08(2)

2 Developing Chromatin nucleolar and early perinucleolar stageoocytes present. (Fig. 4B)

0.46 0.15(26)

3 Maturing Late perinucleolar, previtellogenic oocytes o dierent

sizes and small vitellogenic oocytes present, red stain-ing yolk granules and globules noticeable. (Fig. 4C)

1.61 1.12

(35)

4 Ripening Active stage o vitellogenic oocytes and perinucleolarand small vitellogenic oocytes present. (Fig. 4D)

2.46 0.99(36)

5 Spawning Migratory nucleus and hydrated oocytes present;hydrated oocytes appeared translucent, advanced vitel-logenic oocytes were opaque. (Fig. 4E)

5.01 2.86(27)

6 Recentlyspawned Post ovulatory ollicles present, previtellogenicoocytes become more visible and all size o oocytesobvious. (Fig. 4F)

5.28 2.10(56)

7 Spent or resting Only perinucleolar stage oocytes present, advancedatresia o oocytes evident. (Fig. 4G and H)

0.79 0.46(64)

Figure 5. Relationship between percentage o mature emale sailfsh (Istiophorus platypterus)and lower jaw ork length (5 cm class) in the waters o eastern Taiwan. 50% maturity is attainedat 166.37 cmLJFL.


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, > 348 (.., , P > 50%).S - . O 56 .T, E

W (1974). T (0.3 ) P O.

N B (1992) U B (1999) P- > 3, 121140 EFL. I , l

50 146 EFL ( 167

lJFl, lJFl EFL; C ., 2004)

. H-H R-R (1998) l50 175 EFL M - . T - P , , , .T . F - P .

S E M PO 28 C (O-, 1966; K J, 1969). H-H R-R(1998) P 2730 C. S, A S - 2629 C (IGOSS, 1999). B . (1975) .

W , , . I . A (

Figure 6. Monthly changes in the requency o occurrence o various maturity stages o ovarieso sailfsh (Istiophorus platypterus) in the waters o eastern Taiwan.


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) .F, .

Acknowledgments

W Y. C S M S, U M, ME, . T - F A, C A, , 92AS-9.1.1-FA-F1(20) C. -L. S.

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Addresses: (C.-L.S., S.-Z.Y.) Insi ocng, Nin tiwn univsi, N.1,Sc. 4, rsv rd., tii 106, tiwn. (W.-C.C., W.-Y.C.)esn Min Big rsc

Cn Fisis rsc Insi, Cnci agic, exciv yn, ting 961,tiwn. (W.-C.S., D.-C.L.) Fisis rsc Insi, Cnci agic, excivyn, N. 199, h rd., Kng 202, tiwn. Corresponding Author: (C.-L.S.) e-mi:.

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25-Chiang et al