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PROCEEDINGS OF THE 7TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTSOF UNDERGROUND CONSTRUCTION IN SOFT GROUND, ROMA, ITALY, 17-19 MAY 2011
Geotechnical Aspects of UndergroundConstruction in Soft Ground
Editor
Giulia ViggianiUniversird di Roma Tor I/ergata, Roma, Italy
CRC PressTaylor & Francis GroupBoca Raton London New York Leiden
CRC Press is an imprint of theTaylor E: Francis Group, an Informa business
A BALKEMA BOOK
Picture 1. Construction of Line B of Roma Underground in the thirties. Coliseum Station.Adapted from:Perrone, V. (1955). La Ferrovia Merropolitana a’iRo1na. Istituto Poligrafico dello Stato, Roma
Picture 2: View of one of the bored tunnels of Line C of Roma Underground.Courtesy of Metro C scpa
CRC Press/Balkema is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2012 Taylor & Francis Group, London, UK
Typeset by V Publishing Solutions Pvt Ltd., Chennai, IndiaPrinted and bound in Great Britain by CPI Group (UK) Ltd, Croydon, CRO 4YY
All rights reserved. No part of this publication or the information contained herein may be reproduced,stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, by photocopying, recording or otherwise, without written prior permission from the publisher.
Although all care is taken to ensure integrity and the quality of this publication and the informationherein, no responsibility is assumed by the publishers nor the author for any damage to the property orpersons as a result of operation or use of this publication and/or the information contained herein.
Published by: CRC Press/BalkemaPO. Box 447, 2300 AK Leiden, The Netherlandse-mail: [email protected] » www.taylorand francis.com
ISBN: 978-0-415-68367-8 (Hbk)ISBN: 978-0-203-80358-5 (eBook)
Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground - Viggiani (ed)© 2012 Tay/or & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-68367-8
Table of contents
Preface xiiiOrganisation xvSponsors xviiSpecial lectures
Mexico City deep eastern drainage tunnel 3M.A. Aguilar-Yellez, R. Mendez-Marroquin, JL. Range!-Nunez, M. Coinulada-Simpson,U Maid! & G Auvinet-Guicharal
Long-term tunnel settlement mechanisms of Metro Line 2 in Shanghai 21C. WW Ng, Q. Li& GB. Liu
Deep excavations for Amsterdam Metro North-South line: An update and lessons learned 37A.F van Tol& M. Koiff
Evaluating the effects of tunnelling on historical buildings: The example of a new subway in Rome 47S. Rampello, L. Callisto, FM. Soccodaro & GM.B. Viggiani
Keiichi Fujita lecture
TC204 proposal for ‘Keiichi Fujita Lecture’ 65R. Kastner
Tribute to Professor Keiichi Fujita by ISSMGE Technical Committee 204 (formerly TC28) onUnderground Construction in Soft Ground 67R.J Muir & H. Alcagi
Session reports
Construction, design and measured performance of bored tunnels 71C. 0. Menkiti
Numerical and physical modelling of tunnels and deep excavations 79S. W Jacobs;
Construction, design and measured performance of deep excavations 87JR. Standing
Design methods and predictive tools Rur deep excavations and bored tunnels 97L. Callisto
Construction, design, and measured performance of bored tunnels
Application of the image and laser sensors based tunnel scanning system 105M. Sagong, TH. Koh, B.S. Chun, B.H. Lee & YS. Byun
Manipulations of the sticky clays regarding EPB tunnel driving 11 1G Spagnoli, M. Feinendegen, R. Ernst & M. Weh
The effects of anisotropy and of unhomogeneity of stress state on the liningof road tunnel in a Flysch formation 119VM. Santoro
v
Foam conditioning in EPB tunnellingM. Thewes, C. Budach & A. BezuUen
High-resolution multichannel seismic survey for the excavation of the new headrace tunnelfor the Crevola Toce III hydropower scheme in the Ossola Valley, ItalyM. Sapigni, A.M. Baldi, F Bianchi & J De Luca
Geotechnical instrumentation data managementJL. Gilby, R Eng & M. Socol
Design and construction of a sewer tunnel in difficult site conditionsP Croce, S. Di Maio, G Speciale & L. Cassibba
Prediction and performance of a ground freezing application to the rehabilitation worksof an existing tunnelA. Pigorini, A. Sciorri, G Zoppo & G Calabresi
Flow around a TBM: A Comparison of analytical and numerical modelsA. Be:uUen, F Nagel & G Meschke
Design ofjet-grouting for tunnel waterproofingM. Arroyo, A. Gens, R Croce & G M0a'oni
Modelling a deep tunnel excavation in a low-porosity tectonised clayD. Boldini & A. Graziani
Micro-measurement and monitoring system for ageing undergroundinfrastructure (Underground M3)K. Soga, A. Ledesma, A. Roncaglia & I. Vanicek
Settlement monitoring and tunnelling process adaptationfcase ofSouth Toulon tunnelJR Janin, D. Daniel, R. Kasrnei; F Emeriaulr, A. Guilloux & H. Lebissonnais
Backcalculation of internal forces in the segmental lining of a tunnel:The experience of Line 1 in NaplesE. Bilorla & G Russo
Backanalysis of measured movements in ageing tunnelsC. de Santos, A. Ledes/na & A. Gens
Modelling and monitoring of a urban underground excavationA. Canrone, R. Fico, F Cavuoto & A. Manclolini
The Line 3 of the Metro of CairoR Patrizi
Methods of monitoring of metro lining in PragueM. Vanicek, S. Chalnra, D. Jirasko, J Machacek, I. Vanicek, J Zales/qiA. Hada, K Chaiyasarn & K Soga
Two adjacent railway tunnels underneath the historic city of MainzH. Quick, .1 Michael, S. Meissner & U Arslan
Aicha-Mauls on the Brenner Base Tunnelfstatus of the works and resultsH. Quick, J Michael, K. Beigmeisler & E. Facchin
A new tunnel bored in alluvial soft soil under the Malaga AirportC. S. Oreo, J Garcia Pérez, H. Moreno, R de La Fuente & J Oreo Escobar
Analysis of convergence data and 3D numerical modelling of tunnels excavatedin fine-grained soilsP Perazzelli, T Rotonda, D. Boldini, A.M. Ajlnone-Car & P M. Gianvecchio
Back-fill grout with two component mix in EPB tunneling to minimizesurface settlements: Rome MetrofLine C case historyS. Pelizza, D. Peila, R. Sorge & F Cignitti
vi
Deep excavation of Malatesta Station in Rome: Design, construction and measuresE. Romani, R. Sarge, G Guiducci, A. Luearelli & G Furlani
Line C in Rome: Remote monitoring systemR. Sarge, S. Marerti & O. Tripoli
Physical and numerical modelling of deep exea vatians and bored tunnels
Review of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids behaviour in the context of groutsS. Kazemian, A. Prasad & B. B. K. Huar
Stability of cohesive-frictional soils with square underground openingsK. Himamaro, A. V Lyamin, D. W Wilson, A.J Abba & S. W Slaan
Bearing capacity analysis of cohesive-frictional soils with dual circular tunnelsK. Yamamoto, A. V Lyamin, D. W Wilson, AJ Abba & S. W Sloan
Centrifuge modelling of the response of buildings to tunnellingR.R Farrell& RJ Mair
Tunnelling-induced deformation on a masonry structure: A numerical approachA. Amarasi, D. Baldini, G de Felice & M. Malena
The dynamic behavior of shield circular tunnels and surrounding granular soilsduring earthquakesM. Harambeigi, Y Pas/tang Pishelz & M. Paslzang Pisheh
An investigation into Inclined Struts method as a type of shoringA. Fakher & S. Sadeghian
Understanding ground deformation mechanisms during multi-propped excavation in soft clayS. Y Lam, S. K. Haig/1 & M.D. Balran
Face stability control for EPB tunnels in a non homogeneous till formationwith highly permeable layersA. Graziani, A. Lemba-Fazia, M. Maeeielzino & P Ramualdi
Numerical simulation of long-term twin-tunnel behaviour at St James’s parkR.G Laver & K Saga
The efficiency of compensation grouting in sandsK. Saga, A. Be:uUen & K Eisa
Tunneling in stratified soft ground: Experimental study on lg EPBS reduced scale modelN Bertha; D. Branque, H. Wang, G Génereux, D. Subrin & E. Humberr
Effects of the excavation procedure on the stability of diaphragm wall panelsD. L`Amanre & A. Flora
Water table lowering effects on excavationsNR Rapasa & A.T Gomes
Influence of leakage on tunnel behavior in soft soilsD.M. Zhang, H. W Huang & Z. Y Fan
Effect of soil stratification on pipe behaviour due to tunnelling-induced groundmovements based on the displacement controlled methodZ.G Zhang, M.S. Huang, M.X Zhang & WD. Wang
Influence of overcut length on jack force and acting earth pressure during pipe jackingA. Asanprakil, M. Sagimola & J Chen
Assessment of building damage induced by excavation using plate analogyE. Namazi & H. Malzamad
Comparing the limit equilibrium method and the numerical stress analysis methodof tunnel face stability assessmentR Perazzelli & G Anagnastou
vii
An analytical method to control tunnel lining settlementsA.D. Garini
Interaction between tunnelling and bridge foundation~3D numerical investigationC. Yoo & S..l Wu
Numerical analysis of precast tunnel segmental lining supported by full-scaleexperimental testsF Cignitti, R. Sorge, A. Meda, F NeriIli& Z. Rinaldi
The ground movement simulator: An interesting facility for the study of the behaviorof buildings submitted to ground subsidenceM. Caudron, M. AlHeib, B. Har & F Emeriault
Experimental and numerical study of grout injections in silty soilsL. Masini, S. Ralnpello, GM.B. Viggiani & K. Soga
3D finite element analysis of deep excavations with cross-wallsS. Ralnpello & S. Salvarori
A 3D numerical study of deep excavations in clayey soilsE. Erbi & FM. Soccodato
Construction, design, and measured performance of deep excavations
Interaction of retaining structure with adjacent building: Multi-stage numerical analysisE.M. Comodromos & M. C. Papadopoulou
Effect of pressurized grouting on anchor behavior in residual soilsT-S. Kim, B.-K Sim, J-S. Kiln, S.-I/V Lee & I.-M. Lee
Design and construction of anchored diaphragm walls and dewatering systemfor the excavation of a two-level basement car park at the Al Ghazala HotelIntercontinental in TripolifLibyaC. Asioli, M. Agosrini & T Minorri
Underground car parks in Italian urban areas: Not an easy task!G Pagorro, R Silvi & F Casadei
Recent uses of directional drilling technology in the construction fieldD. Vanni, M. Siepi, M. Croce, F Me!]i& V Specchio
Leak detection in complex underground structures using an innovativegeophysical methodD. Vanni & E. Geutebriick
Construction of a large underground parking in Bari downtownR. Granata, F Gioia & V Cotecchia
Seepage experiences for deep urban excavation at the TBM Malatesta shaft, RomeA. Capara & V Capara
Spatial effects on excavations in deep soft lacustrine clayR Becker; G Berhane & H.-G Kempfert
Detection of imperfections in diaphragm walls with geophysical measurementsR. Spruit, V Hoplnan & A.F van To/
An integrated monitoring and risk management system for civil construction worksER T Smits
The study of displacements of diaphragm walls built in Warsaw Quaternary soilsA. Sieminska-Lewandows/ca, M. Mirew-Crajewska & U Tomczak
Design control and monitoring of a jet grouted excavation bottom plugN Eramo, G Modoni & M.A.A. de Toledo
viii
Dewatering tests results for underground C Line stations constructionM. Grisoiia, G Iorio & A. Zechini
Evaluation of negative skin friction on sheet pile walls at the Rio Grande dry dock, BrazilC. M. Santana, FA.B. Danziger; FR. Lopes, L.B. Becker & R.lL. Pereira
Challenging demands on the geotechnical design and first monitoring resultsof the T185 in FrankfurtS. Meissnel; H. Quick, J Mic/1aeI& U Arslan
Geotechnical design of a railway tunnel and an underground station supportingthe new city hall, Delft, The NetherlandsM.JC. Everaars, E. Kwast, C. M. Meulbiok, S. DeUgaauw & H. Mortier
CSM-cutter soil mixingfworldwide experiences of a young soil mixing method in soft soilsF-W Gerressen & T Vo/is
The construction of deep excavation ditch in weak soil in St. PetersburgR. Mangushev, E. Las/zkova, V Slnolenkov & A. Osokin
Effect of staged dewatering and excavation on the heave of soil beneath deep excavationG Zheng & Z. Li
Design and construction of deep excavations in ShanghaiWD. Wang & Z.H. Xu
3-D finite element modeling and construction aspects for vertical shafts in Metro C RomeG Furlani, G Guiducci, A. Lucarelli, A. Carrettucci & R. Sorge
Effect of cement on tropical peat stabilized by deep mixing methodS. Kazemian, A. Prasad & B. B. K. Hua!
Design methods and predictive tools for deep excavations and bored tunnels
Effects of tunnelling on a single pile: Three-dimensional design toolJQ. Surjadinata, TS. Hull & .ZR Carter
Prediction method of the displacement of surrounding ground during excavationX Motoi
Numerical modeling of diaphragm wall behavior in Bangkok soil using hardening soil modelN P/tien-wej, M. Hum:a & Z.Z. Aye
A nonlinear soil spring model considering ground stress and strain change during excavationT Sakamoto & Y Katsura
How to analyse walls for deep excavationsA. Hettler & T Sc/ian:
Prediction of tunnel-induced settlements in soft groundJ Fillibeck & N Vogt
Strains and failure characteristics of pyroclastic materials in deep excavationA. Lombardi & A. Capata
Simplified numerical method for tunnel design under seismic condition:Some examples about Istanbul Metro design, Kadikoy-Kartal LineGM. Gaspari, G Quaglio, V Floria
FEM analyses of deep excavations and earth retaining structures in soft clayT Kono & Y S/iigeno
The influence of jet-grout constitutive modelling in excavation analysesM. Ciantia, M. Arroyo, R. CastelIan:a & A. Gens
Pile-group response due to tunnellingF Basiie
ix
Prediction of surface settlements induced by TBM using Artificial Neural Networks methodR. Boubou, F Emeriault & R. Kastner
Durability of calcarenitic hypogea in the underground cultural heritage of Palermo (Sicily)M. Zimbardo, L. Ercoli & N Nocilla
Deep excavation in Bulgariafcomparison of measured and computed performanceA.E. Totsev
Tunnel-boring process in urban environment: Modeling for reliabilityfa kinematic studyD. Festa, W Broere, S. v.cl. Woude & J W Bosch
Mechanical analysis of jet grouted supporting structuresA. Flora, S. Lirel; GR Lignola & G. Modoni
3D simulations of a NATM tunnel in stiff clays with soil parameters optimised usingmonitoring data from exploratory aditT S voboda & D. Masin
Numerical analysis of 20.5 m deep excavation with anchored diaphragm wallJ J0sU"ovski, S. Gjorgjevski & M. Jovanovski
Performance of deep excavations in the Taipei BasinR.N Hwang& Z.C. Moh
Geotechnical issues related to dry maintenance of open cut excavations below groundwatertable in soft soils: Reliability of a simplified calculation modelF Carnevale, R. Gallotli, F Caneparo & R Pampanin
Grouna' movements, interaction with existing structures and mitigation measures
Compensation grouting: Mechanisms determining the shape of the grout bodyA. Be:uUen & A.F van Tol
Analysis of ground movements induced by tunnels in sand basedon contract CR3 in Kaohsiung metroB. C. B. Hsiung
The response of buildings to tunnelling: A case studyR.R Farrell, R.J Mail: A. Sciotti, A. Pigorini& M. Ricci
The response of piled buildings to deep excavationsM. Koi# RJ Mail; AF van Tol& FJ Kaalberg
The horizontal response of framed buildings on individual footingsto excavation-induced movementsK. H. Goh & R.J Mair
The response of buildings to movements induced by deep excavationsK.H. Goh & R..l Mair
3D numerical modelling and settlement monitoring during excavationof the Metro-Torino South extensionG Barla, M. Barla & G Leuzzi
3D Numerical modelling of tunnelling intersecting pilesS. W Lee, C.KM. Choy, S.C Tse, FR. van Gool, WWL. Cheang& R. B..l Brinkgreve
Geotechnical cut-off diaphragms for built-up area protection in urbanunderground developmentNS. Nikyorova & D.A. Vnukov
Greater Metro Line 3, Cairo: Installation of underground construction pits usingcut-off-wall and soft-gel-groutingL. Liersch & M. Baltruschat
X
An interpretation ofjet grouting effects on the retaining structures of a deep excavationand on adjacent buildingsE. Fontunella, L. Callisro, A. Desideri, A. Sciotti & C. Ottuviani
Compensation grouting of piled foundations to mitigate tunneling settlementsFl Kaalberg, R.D. Essler & R. Kleinlugtenbelt
Settlement behaviour after compensation and corrective groutingA. Be:uUen, FJ Kaalberg, R. Kleinlugrenbelr & R. D. Essler
South Toulon tunnel: Analysis of an instrumented sectionJR Janin, D. Dias, R. Kastnei: F Emeriault, A. Guilloux & H. Lebissonnais
Prediction of the effects induced by the Metro C construction on an old masonry buildingF Buselli, A. Logurzo, S. Miliziano, F F0l'I1’l(lI0, G Siinonacci & A. Zechini
Ground movements induced by tunnel boring in NaplesE. Bilorra & G Russo
EPB tunnelling in deltaic deposits: Observations of ground movementsA. Gens, A. Di Mariano & M.T Yubero
Mitigation of the effects induced by shallow tunneling in urban environment:The use of ‘compensation grouting’ in the underground Line B1 works in RomeA. Sciotti, A. Desideri, G Saggio & C. Kummerer
Jacked piles as mitigation measure of surface settlements due to tunneling in clayM. Marc/ii, G Gottardi, G Marc/ii, R M. Masoli, L. Zambianc'/1i& G Zarroni
Observed and predicted settlements induced by the construction of hydraulic tunnelsin Buenos AiresA. Logarzo, S. Miliziano, V Floria & M. Pescara
On the effects of Line 6 tunnel excavation in NaplesB. Bitetti, A. Mandolini, A.F V Toi, W Broere & R.B.J Brinkgreve
Long term environmental effect of tunnel construction in weak soilsM. Mets, R. Raucisepp & T Ruben
Soft ground tunneling in urban areasfproximity effectsJF Chang, H. C. C/mo & Z. C. Mo/1
Activities of TC204 working groups
Urban tunnels in soft ground: Review of current design practiceV da Mora Wedekin, R. Kastnei: A. Guilloux, A. Beruyen, J Standing & A. Negro Ji:
Guidelines for comparing field or physical model observations with numerical simulationsGM. B. Viggiani
A predictive exercise on the behaviour of tunnels under seismic actionsE. Bilotta & F Silvestri
Author index
xi
941
949
955
963
971
979
987
995
1003
1011
1019
1027
1033
1047
1065
1071
1079
Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground - Viggiani (ed)© 2012 Tay/or & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-6836Z8
Preface
Technical Committee 204: “Underground Construction in Soft Ground” of the International Societyfor Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering (ISSMGE) was first established as TC28 in 1989 toprovide a forum for interchange of ideas and discussion amongst representative from different countrieswith an active interest in tunnelling and deep excavations in the urban environment. In 1994, under theChairmanship of Prof. Keiichi Fujita, TC28 organised its first symposium as a satellite event to the ISSMGE International Conference in New Delhi. Since then, the host society of TC28 was handed over fromthe Japanese Geotechnical Society to the British Geotechnical Society, under the Chairmanship of ProfRobert Mair, and then to the French Geotechnical Society, under the Chairmanship of Prof. RichardKastner.
Over the years TC28 has always kept its commitment towards collecting information concerning thegeotechnical aspects of the design, construction and analysis of deep excavations, tunnels, and largeunderground structures in the urban environment, with particular emphasis on the development, effectsand control of ground movements, their interaction with existing structures, mitigation measures and riskmanagement. The success of the New Delhi symposium led to the strong feeling that organising regularevents would be both well received and productive so that five more International Symposia on "Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground" have been organised by TC28 since 1994.These were held every three years in London (1996), Tokyo (1999), Toulouse (2002), Amsterdam (2005),and Shanghai (2008). This volume of Proceedings is the outcome of the seventh symposium of the series,which was held in Roma in May 201 1. During the Symposium the Chairmanship of TC204 was handedover from Prof. Kastner to Prof Adam Bezuijen from the Netherlands.
The themes for the Roma Symposium were in line with the terms of reference of Technical Committee TC204 and included tunnelling in soft ground, deep excavations, monitoring, numerical analysis, andmitigating measures. The call for papers drew an overwhelming response and over 200 abstracts werereceived, resulting in 116 technical papers accepted for publication in the proceedings and the attendanceof nearly 180 delegates from 30 Countries.
As customary, the first two days of the symposium consisted of technical discussion sessions,covering:
1. Construction, design, and measured performance of bored tunnels2. Physical and numerical modelling of deep excavations and bored tunnels3. Construction, design, and measured performance of deep excavations4. Design methods and predictive tools for deep excavations and bored tunnels5. Ground movements, interaction with existing structures and mitigation measures
During each of these sessions, a general report was presented together with a small number of selectedindividual papers. Oral presentations were followed by open debate and discussion.
At the beginning and at the end of each of the first two days four invited special lectures were delivered by dr. Mario Aguillar Tellez (Mexico), Prof Charles WW Ng (Hong Kong), Prof Frits van Tol (theNetherlands) and Prof Sebastiano Rampello. Their lectures were devoted to the geotechnical aspects ofconstruction of the new Mexico City deep sewerage system (as a special contribution of TC2l4 "SoftSoils"), the long-term settlement mechanisms of tunnels in Shanghai, the lessons learned from the deepexcavations for North-South Line in Amsterdam, and the evaluation of the effects of tunnel excavation onhistorical buildings, drawing from experience gathered during construction of a subway line C in Roma.
In addition to standard technical sessions, two special sessions also took place during the first two daysof the Symposium, one devoted to an illustration of current activities of TC204 Working Groups, andanother one to an overview of Roma and Napoli underground extension projects.
On the third day of the Symposium technical visits were organised to the work sites of Line C of RomaUnderground, under construction at the time of the Symposium; for those delegates willing to stay, extra
xiii
technical visits to the construction sites of Linea l and Linea 6 of Napoli Underground were organisedon the fourth day.
This volume contains 128 papers, including the written versions of the reports on the activities ofTC204 working groups, of the general reports and ofthe invited lectures. All the papers that were submitted were peer-reviewed on a voluntary basis by members of TC204.
The success of the symposium must be attributed to the authors of the papers, the speakers at the symposium, the delegates who travelled to Roma to present their work orally or in the poster sessions and totake part in the discussion, and to friends and colleagues who accepted to act as chairmen of the technicalsessions for their task of keeping everybody (more or less) to time. All the same, the Symposium wouldnot have been possible without the efficiency and hard work of ing. Claudio Soccodato and Ms. SusannaAntonielli, and the tremendous support of the then Chairman and Secretary of TC204, Proi RichardKastner and dr. Jamie Standing.
Finally, thanks are due to the companies, both from Italy and from abroad, that were willing to givefinancial support to the organisation ofthe Symposium and that chose to use the Symposium as a showcase for their products and services; a list of the main sponsors and of the exhibitors is included in thisvolume of proceedings.
Stefano AversaChairman AGI
Chairman Local Organising Committee
Giulia ViggianiEditor
xiv
Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground - Viggiani (ed)© 2012 Tay/or & Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-0-415-683618
Organisation
The Symposium of Technical Committee 204 on “Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in SoftGround” was organised by the Italian Geotechnical Society (AGI) under the Auspices of the InternationalSociety for Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering and of the Italian Ministry for Public Works.
SIMSG ISSIVIGE AGI ,r/'f Pi , ,» _ _it,,,,.ia,i.,,,, f&f<2a.J/,ly/vi# - Pfkh' f/If/` .__/67 »HW)/
TECHNICAL COMMITTE 204
Prof Richard Kastner, C/zairmanDr. Jamie Standing, Secretary
CORE MEMBERS
Prof Hirokazu Akagi (Japan)Dr. Adam Bezuijen (The Netherlands)Dr. Storer Boone (Canada)Mr Erie Hudson-Smith (Australia)Prof Robert Mair (UK)Dr. Jozsef Mecsi (Hungary)Prof Arsenio Negro (Brazil)Prof Charles Ng (Hong Kong)
MEMBERS
Mr. Ervin Paci (Albania) Prof Kazuhito Komiya (Japan)Ing. Alejo Sfriso (Argentina) Dr. M. Sugimoto (Japan)Dr. Jeff Hsi (Australia) Prof Zh. Masanov (Kazakhstan)Mr. Christian Schroeder (Belgium) Dr. M. Ukshebaev (Kazakhstan)Prof Jean-Francois Thimus (Belgium) Prof In Mo Lee (Korea)Prof Andre Assis (Brazil) Prof Chung Sik Yoo (Korea)Prof Hongwei Huang (China) Dr. Klaas Jan Bakker (Netherlands)Prof Ivo Herle (Czech & Slovak) Mr. EA Kwast (Netherlands)Dr. Petr Kouldelka (Czech & Slovak) Prof Frits van Tol (Netherlands)Dr. Omar Ezzeldine (Egypt) Prof Anna Sieminska-Lewandowska (Poland)Dr. Alain Guilloux (France) Mr. Jorge Almeida e Sousa (Portugal)Mr. Jacques Robert (France) Mr. Pedro Guedes de Melo (Portugal)Prof Achim Hettler (Germany) Dr. Horatiu Popa (Romania)Prof Hubert Quick (Germany) Prof V Petrukhin (Russia)Mr. Bernd Schuppener (Germany) Dr. Nadezda Nikiforova (Russia)Prof Norbert Vogt (Germany) Mr. Peter Day (South Africa)Mrs. Stavroula Sehina (Greece) Prof Cesar Sagaseta (Spain)Mrs. Panagiotis Vettas (Greece) Dr. Manuel Romana (Spain)
XV
Dr. Richard Pang (Hong Kong)Mr. P Gyorgy (Hungary)Dr. Nitin Som (India)Dr. Mahmood Vafaeian (Iran)Dr. Marco Barla (Italy)
LOCAL ORGANISING COMMITTEE
Chairman Secretary
Prof Stefano Aversa, AGIing. Claudio Soccodato, AGI
Members
Ing. Enrico Arini, Metropolilana MilaneseProf Giovanni Barla, Politecnico di TorinoDr. Marco Barla, Politecnico di TorinoDr. Daniela Boldini, Universita di BolognaDr. Federico Bortoli, Roma Metropolirane
Dr. Walter Steiner (Switzerland)Dr. N. Phienwej (Thailand)Prof Neil Taylor (UK)Prof Richard Finno (USA)Prof Giulia Viggiani (Italy)
Prof Alberto Burghignoli, Universita di Roma La SapienzaIng. Franco Cristini, Metro CDr. Giuseppe Cozza, Metropolitana MilaneseIng. Antonello de Risi, MN Metropolitana di NapoliProf Michele Jamiolkowski, Polirecnico cli TorinoProf Alessandro Mandolini, Seconcla Universira cli NapoliProf Gianpiero Russo, Université di Napoli Federico IIIng. Giannegidio Silva, MN Metropolitana di NapoliIng. Giovanni Simonacci, Roma MerropoliraneDr. Fabio Maria Soccodato, Universira di CagliariIng. Filippo Stinellis, Mezro CProf Giulia Viggiani, Universite) di Roma Tor Wrgata
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Geotechnical Aspects of Underground Construction in Soft Ground - Viggiani (ed)© 2012 Taylor 8. Francis Group, London, ISBN 978-O-415-683618
Sponsors
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EXHIBITORS
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