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4.3 to 4.5 Proving Δ s are : SSS, SAS, HL, ASA, & AAS. Objectives. Use the SSS Postulate Use the SAS Postulate Use the HL Theorem Use ASA Postulate Use AAS Theorem. Postulate 19 ( SSS ) Side-Side-Side Postulate. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Objectives
Use the SSS Postulate Use the SAS Postulate Use the HL Theorem Use ASA Postulate Use AAS Theorem
Postulate 19 (SSS)Side-Side-Side Postulate
If 3 sides of one Δ are to 3 sides of another Δ, then the Δs are .
More on the SSS Postulate
If seg AB seg ED, seg AC seg EF, & seg BC seg DF, then ΔABC ΔEDF.
E
D
F
A
B
C
EXAMPLE 1 Use the SSS Congruence Postulate
Write a proof.
GIVEN KL NL, KM NM
Proof It is given that KL NL and KM NM
By the Reflexive Property, LM LN.
So, by the SSS Congruence Postulate, KLM NLM
PROVE KLM NLM
Three sides of one triangle are congruent to three sides of second triangle then the two triangle are congruent.
GUIDED PRACTICE for Example 1
Decide whether the congruence statement is true. Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION
Yes. The statement is true.
1. DFG HJK
Side DG HK, Side DF JH,and Side FG JK.
So by the SSS Congruence postulate, DFG HJK.
GUIDED PRACTICE for Example 1
Decide whether the congruence statement is true. Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION
2. ACB CAD
BC ADGIVEN :
PROVE : ACB CAD
PROOF: It is given that BC AD By Reflexive propertyAC AC, But AB is not congruent CD.
GUIDED PRACTICE for Example 1
Therefore the given statement is false and ABC is not Congruent to CAD because corresponding sides are not congruent
GUIDED PRACTICE for Example 1
Decide whether the congruence statement is true. Explain your reasoning.
SOLUTION
QT TR , PQ SR, PT TSGIVEN :
PROVE : QPT RST
PROOF: It is given that QT TR, PQ SR, PT TS. So bySSS congruence postulate, QPT RST. Yes the statement is true.
QPT RST 3.
Postulate 20 (SAS)Side-Angle-Side Postulate
If 2 sides and the included of one Δ are to 2 sides and the included of another Δ, then the 2 Δs are .
More on the SAS Postulate If seg BC seg YX, seg AC
seg ZX, & C X, then ΔABC ΔZXY.B
A C X
Y
Z)(
EXAMPLE 2 Use the SAS Congruence Postulate
Write a proof.
GIVEN
PROVE
STATEMENTS REASONS
BC DA, BC AD
ABC CDA
1. Given1. BC DAS
Given2. 2. BC AD
3. BCA DAC 3. Alternate Interior Angles Theorem
A
4. 4. AC CA Reflexive Property of Congruence
S
EXAMPLE 2 Use the SAS Congruence Postulate
STATEMENTS REASONS
5. ABC CDA SAS Congruence Postulate
5.
Given: RS RQ and ST QT Prove: Δ QRT Δ SRT.
Q
R
S
T
Example 3:Example 3:
Statements Reasons________
1. RS RQ; ST QT 1. Given
2. RT RT 2. Reflexive
3. Δ QRT Δ SRT 3. SSS Postulate
Example 3:Example 3:RQ R
T
Given: DR AG and AR GR
Prove: Δ DRA Δ DRG.
D
AR
G
Example 4:Example 4:
Statements_______1. DR AG; AR GR2. DR DR3.DRG & DRA are rt.
s4.DRG DRA5. Δ DRG Δ DRA
Reasons____________1. Given 2. Reflexive Property3. lines form 4 rt. s
4. Right s Theorem
5. SAS PostulateD
A GR
Example 4:Example 4:
Theroem 4.5 (HL)Hypotenuse - Leg Theorem
If the hypotenuse and a leg of a right Δ are to the hypotenuse and a leg of a second Δ, then the 2 Δs are .
Postulate 21(ASA):Angle-Side-Angle Congruence Postulate
If two angles and the included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and the included side of a second triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
Theorem 4.6 (AAS): Angle-Angle-Side Congruence Theorem
If two angles and a non-included side of one triangle are congruent to two angles and the corresponding non-included side of a second triangle, then the triangles are congruent.
Proof of the Angle-Angle-Side (AAS) Congruence Theorem
Given: A D, C F, BC EF
Prove: ∆ABC ∆DEF
Paragraph ProofParagraph Proof
You are given that two angles of You are given that two angles of ∆ABC are congruent to two angles of ∆DEF. ∆ABC are congruent to two angles of ∆DEF. By the Third Angles Theorem, the third angles are also congruent. That is, By the Third Angles Theorem, the third angles are also congruent. That is, B B E. Notice that BC is the side included between E. Notice that BC is the side included between B and B and C, and EF is C, and EF is the side included between the side included between E and E and F. You can apply the ASA Congruence F. You can apply the ASA Congruence Postulate to conclude that ∆ABC Postulate to conclude that ∆ABC ∆DEF. ∆DEF.
A B
C
D
E
F
Example 5:
Is it possible to prove these triangles are congruent? If so, state the postulate or theorem you would use. Explain your reasoning.
Example 5:In addition to the angles and segments that are marked, EGF JGH by the Vertical Angles Theorem. Two pairs of corresponding angles and one pair of corresponding sides are congruent. Thus, you can use the AAS Congruence Theorem to prove that ∆EFG ∆JHG.
Example 6:
Is it possible to prove these triangles are congruent? If so, state the postulate or theorem you would use. Explain your reasoning.
Example 6:
In addition to the congruent segments that are marked, NP NP. Two pairs of corresponding sides are congruent. This is not enough information to prove the triangles are congruent.
Example 7:
Given: AD║EC, BD BC
Prove: ∆ABD ∆EBC
Plan for proof: Notice that ABD and EBC are congruent. You are given that BD BC. Use the fact that AD ║EC to identify a pair of congruent angles.
Proof:
Statements:1. BD BC2. AD ║ EC3. D C
4. ABD EBC
5. ∆ABD ∆EBC
Reasons:
1. Given
2. Given
3. If || lines, then alt. int. s are
4. Vertical Angles Theorem
5. ASA Congruence Postulate
Assignment
Geometry:Workbook pg 67 - 75