Malaysia: MDG’s

Name:Kavitha ThuraisingamNationality: Malaysia

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MDG’s

MDG1: Eradi-cate Extreme

Poverty & Hunger

MDG2: Achieve Universal Pri-

mary Education

MDG3: Pro-mote Gender

Equality & Em-power Women

MDG4: Reduce Child Mortality

MDG5: Im-prove Mater-

nal Health

MDG6: Combat HIV/AIDS,

Malaria & Other Diseases

MDG7: Ensure Environmental Sustainability

MDG8: De-velop A Global Partnership for Development

Map of M’sia

Introduction of MDG’s in M’sia- Since 1970, M’sia had achieved a number of national develop-ment goals, where this had been achieved through systematically implemented M’sia’s national five-year plans.

- Two primary aims: Firstly, reduce and eradicate poverty by rais-ing income levels and secondly, increase employment opportuni-ties irrespective of race.

- The ethnic groups in Peninsular M’sia were still sharply differ-entiated in terms of economic activity in 1970.

Achievement of MDG’s in M’sia- In 1970, half of all households in Malaysia were living in poverty.

- By 2002, just 5 percent of households were poor, although poverty levels still varies considerably by state and ethnic group .

- In 1970, one-third of the population 6 years of age and over had never attended school- Universal primary education was almost achieved by 1990, by which time nearly all children were completing primary school

- The gender disparity in primary school attendance, favoring boys, had virtually disappeared as early as 1970, and in recent years fe-males have increasingly outnumbered males in secondary and ter-tiary enrolments

- Improvements are attributable to a well-developed primary health care system, including substantial investments in reproductive health service, together with access to quality water, sanitation and nutrition.

Achievement of MDG’s in M’sia- The maternal mortality rate (MMR) in Malaysia fell from 141

per 100,000 live births in 1970 to 20 in 1990, with not much change since then

- Had great success in virtually eliminating malaria from urban and other densely populated areas, and achieving a particularly notable reduction in incidence of the disease over the 1990s

- Forest cover in Malaysia has been retained at 59.5 per cent, in adherence with Malaysia’s commitment towards retaining at least 50 per cent forest cover

- M’sia received loans from multilateral financial institutions from 1970- These loans reached insignificant levels by the 1990s, but were resumed to financial development needs in 1997

Strategies used to achieve MDG’s in M’siaMDG 1: To Eradicate Extreme Poverty and Hunger

- Achieved through strong emphasis on agricultural and rural development to raise the income of poor farmers and agricultural workers by raising their productivity- Emphasis on labor-extensive export industrialization to absorb poor work-ers from both rural and urban areas

MDG 2: To Achieve Universal Primary Education

- Quality of teaching forces had been upgraded- Cost of education kept low for poor families- Schemes: Textbook loan, school health, school milk (which improved health as well as education- Providing assistance for indirect costs (uniforms and shoes)- Scholarships and other financial assistance

MDG 3: Promote Gender Equality and Empower Women

- Number of measures taken to improve the legal status of women had been adopted and gender analysis training and sensitization had been con-ducted with policy makers and program implementers, officers and law en-forces

MDG 4: Reduce Child Mortality

- Primary health care system, capable of bringing medical advances, in-cluding vaccines and oral hydration for the treatment of diarrhea, to the poor, together with the improved access to clean water, improved sanita-tion, and better child nutrition

Strategies used to achieve MDG’s in M’sia