BO CO

BO CO

TNG KT THI HNH PHP LUT V PHNG CHNG THIN TAI1I. R sot khi qut php lut lin quan n phng chng thin tai

1. Lut Ti nguyn nc 1998, chng IV/ D tho Lut Ti nguyn nc sa i 2011 phng chng, khc phc hu qu l, lt v tc hi khc do nc gy ra12. Lut iu23. Php lnh Phng, chng lt bo nm 1993, sa i nm 200024. Quy ch phng chng ng t, sng thn 200655. Ngh nh 14/2010/N-CP quy nh v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng; Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v Tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh v a phng66. Ngh nh s 50/1997/N-CP v Quy ch thnh lp v hot ng ca Qu phng, chng lt, bo ca a phng77. Ngh nh v phng chy v cha chy rng 200678. Ngh nh thi hnh Php lnh tnh trng khn cp trong trng hp c thm ho ln, dch bnh nguy him 200299. Ngh nh v phng th dn s 20081010. Tiu kt11II.Tng kt thi hnh Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo 1993-2000 v cc vn bn php lut c lin quan131. Nhng kt qu t c131.1. V t chc trin khai v ban hnh vn bn php lut141.2. V t chc v i ng ngi lm cng tc phng, chng lt, bo151.2.1. T chc phng chng thin tai Trung ng151.2.2. T chc phng chng thin tai a phng151.2.3. T chc phng chng thin tai ti cc b, ngnh161.3. V hot ng phng, chng lt, bo161.3.1. Hot ng phng nga161.3.2. Hot ng ng ph201.3.3. Hot ng khc phc hu qu211.4. V cng tc qun l hot ng phng, chng lt, bo232. Kh khn, bt cp v nguyn nhn252.1. Mt s hn ch ca cc quy nh trong Php lnh v cc vn bn c lin quan252.2. Thch thc hin nay i vi cng tc phng chng thin tai26III. Kin ngh28PH LC31Ph lc 1: Danh mc cc vn bn php lut c ban hnh c lin quan n phng chng thin tai31Ph lc 2: Quyt nh v thnh vin tham gia ban ch o PCLBTW t nm 201140Ph lc 3: Tng hp cn b cng tc ti cc Ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cp tnh42

Ph lc 4. Tm tt kt qu r sot cc vn bn php lut Vit Nam v phng chng thin tai theo iu khon 44

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BO CO

Tng kt thi hnh php lut v phng chng thin taiI. R sot khi qut php lut lin quan n phng chng thin tai

Cho n nay, Vit Nam cha c mt vn bn php lut chung v phng chng thin tai m ch ban hnh cc vn bn iu chnh mt s loi thin tai ln m Vit Nam hay gp phi (ch yu l thin tai lin quan n nc) hoc c mc nghim trng cn phi tnh n (nh ng t, sng thn). Danh mc cc vn bn php lut c lin quan n cng tc phng chng thin tai ban hnh c tng kt ti Ph lc 1. Bn cnh , Vit Nam cng ban hnh mt s vn bn v qun l ri ro thm ha c lin quan n thin tai. Trong s cc vn bn ny, Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo nm 1993, sa i nm 2000 l vn bn c mc iu chnh kh y , xt v cc kha cnh: c ch qun l, chu trnh qun l, ti chnh..., v do vy s c r sot k phn sau. Trong phn u, Bo co s phn tch tng hp cc vn bn php lut trc tip iu chnh hot ng phng chng thin tai v cc vn bn c lin quan nhm nh gi mc p ng yu cu thng nht qun l nh nc v phng chng thin tai ca khung php lut hin hnh, ng thi nu bt nhng u im ca mi vn bn cn c pht huy v nhng im cn hn ch.

1. Lut Ti nguyn nc 1998, chng IV/ D tho Lut Ti nguyn nc sa i 2011 phng chng, khc phc hu qu l, lt v tc hi khc do nc gy ra

i tng ca Lut Ti nguyn nc l cc ngun nc mt, nc ma, nc di t, nc bin thuc lnh th nc Cng ha x hi ch ngha Vit Nam; nc bin, nc di t thuc vng c quyn kinh t, thm lc a c quy nh ti cc vn bn php lut khc; nc khong, nc nng thin nhin do Lut khong sn quy nh. Phm vi iu chnh ca Lut Ti nguyn nc bao gm vic qun l, bo v, khai thc, s dng ti nguyn nc; phng, chng v khc phc hu qu tc hi do nc gy ra. Tuy nhin, Lut cng dnh mt chng cp ti cc tc hi do nc gy ra, c th l bo, l, lt, hn hn, nc bin dng, ma , ma a-xit.

Do ch l mt chng trong vn bn lut, nn chng IVLut Ti nguyn nc 1998 ch quy nh nhng ni dung chnh, ch khng i vo chi tit v ton din v cc khu trong chu trnh qun l Nhng quy nh v phng, chng, khc phc hu qu tc hi do nc gy ra c quy nh ti chng VII D tho Lut Ti nguyn nc sa i 2011 khng c s thay i ng k so vi nhng quy nh tng thch ti Lut Ti nguyn nc 2008. C th:

Ch c mt quy nh nu trch nhim ca c quan nh nc, t chc, c nhn trong phng chng lt bo. Quy nh ny ch nu nguyn tc chung (iu 36 Lut Ti nguyn nc 1998)/ (iu 72 D tho Lut Ti nguyn nc sa i 2011)

Quy nh v lp tiu chun v phng n phng chng l lt: cng ch nu ra v mt nguyn tc nhim v ca cc cp chnh quyn trong vic lp tiu chun v phng n phng chng l lt; v trch nhim ca cc c quan kh tng, thu vn trong vic quan trc, d bo, thng bo tnh hnh l, lt. (iu 37 Lut 1998)/ (iu 73 D tho)

Chng ny c 1 s quy nh v cng tc phng nga v ng ph, nhng cng rt hn ch ch khng ton din. Chng hn, v phng nga, iu 38 Lut 1998/ iu 74 D tho quy nh v vic quy hoch trong vng ngp l; iu 39 Lut 1998/ iu 75 D tho quy nh vic xy dng h thng h cha nc phc v phng chng l, lt. V ng ph, iu 40 n 42 Lut 1998/ iu 76 n 78 D tho ch quy nh v vic phn l, chm l hoc tiu nc, huy ng ngi, phng tin cho cng tc ng ph.

V ti chnh, iu 46 Lut 1998/ iu 84 D tho lit k cc ngun ti chnh phc v cho cng tc ny nhng khng quy nh c th s dng vo vic g.

Tm li, chng IV Lut ti nguyn nc quy nh mc hn ch c v phm vi ln v quy m i vi qun l thin tai nn khng th iu chnh cng tc qun l thin tai hin nay Vit Nam. Bn cnh , trong qu trnh sa i lut ti nguyn nc c nhng kin cho rng nhng quy nh chng IV cha thc s gn kt vi i tng v phm vi iu chnh ca Lut ny.

2. Lut iu

Lut iu c hiu lc t 1/7/2007 l lut chuyn ngnh rt quan trng. Lut c mt s ni dung lin quan n phng chng thin tai nhng ni dung ny b gii hn bi phm vi iu chnh ca lut. Lut ch quy nh v quy hoch phng, chng l ca tuyn sng c , quy hoch iu, u t xy dng, tu b, nng cp v kin c ho iu, qun l bo v , h v s dng . Nh vy vi cc tuyn sng hoc h thng sng, nhng on b bin, o cha c hoc khng th p th lut ny khng iu chnh. i vi nhng on b sng, bin, o c cng trnh k bo v chng st l nhng nhng v tr khng c th cng khng thuc i tng iu chnh ca Lut iu.

3. Php lnh Phng, chng lt bo nm 1993, sa i nm 2000

Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo, vn bn php lut quan trng nht v phng chng thin tai, c y ban Thng v Quc Hi Kha IX thng qua ngy 8 thng 3 nm 1993 v Php lnh sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo c y ban Thng v Quc Hi Kha X thng qua ngy 24 thng 8 nm 2000. Trong gn 20 nm k t ngy Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo c ban hnh, Php lnh l cng c php l quan trng i vi qu trnh pht trin kinh t - x hi.

V phm vi iu chnh, Php lnh ch iu chnh cc loi thin tai sau: l, ngp lt, nc bin dng, bo, p thp nhit i, lc, st l t do ma, l, bo v sng bin gy ra (iu 2)

V nguyn tc ch o, cc iu t 4 n 8 khng nh mt s nguyn tc quan trng: m bo s qun l thng nht ca nh nc; phi c k hoch phng, chng, khc phc, thch nghi vi lt bo ph hp vi iu kin ca tng vng; ch trng ti gim nh; huy ng sc mnh ca ton dn. y l nhng quy nh tch cc, cn phi c pht huy nu xy dng Lut v thin tai.

Php lnh sp xp cc chng tip theo chu trnh qun l thin tai, dnh s quan tm ng u ti tt c cc giai on:

Chng II (Phng nga): trong chng ny quy nh cng tc phng nga di hn v ngn hn (tng nm). V di hn, c quy nh v lp quy hoch, tiu chun cho tng vng, xy dng cc cng trnh phng chng lt bo, quy hoch dn c, sn xut cho cc vng d b tn thng, tuyn truyn, ph bin i vi ngi dn; Tuy nhin, Php lnh cha quy nh phi a k hoch phng chng lt bo vo k hoch pht trin kinh t x hi ca t nc v ca a phng. V ngn hn, Php lnh quy nh vic hun luyn, chun b d phng phng tin, lng thc; kim tra gim st cc cng trnh phng chng lt bo. Chnh ph c ban hnh thm Quy ch bo p thp nhit i, bo, l nm 2006 (thay cho Quy ch nm 1996) quy nh chi tit v cng tc thng tin, d bo lt bo.

Chng III (Chng): chng ny quy nh v trnh t x l khi xy ra lt bo, t thng tin, bo ng, ra quyt nh ng ph, cc cng vic tin hnh khi ng ph v huy ng ngi, phng tin;

Chng IV (Khc phc hu qu): chng ny quy nh cc bin php khc phc hu qu sau bo lt, v nhim v ca cc c quan, cc cp chnh quyn.

Php lnh phn no p ng c cc yu cu ca Hip nh ASEAN v qun l ri ro thm ho, lin quan ti chu trnh qun l thin tai. Tuy nhin, cng nh nhiu vn bn php lut khc, Php lnh vn b ng, cha quy nh ni dung v xc nh, nh gi thm ho ( y l mc thit hi ca lt bo so vi kh nng ca cc a phng). Giai on chun b ng ph cha c quy nh thnh phn ring m c lng vo cc quy nh v phng v chng chng II v III.

Ton b chng V quy nh v vn ti chnh, bao gm cc quy nh v ngun ti chnh t u, dng vo vic g, trch nhim qun l v ti chnh. Mt s vn bn khc c ban hnh chi tit ho cc quy nh v ti chnh ny, nh: Ngh nh 50/CP v qu phng chng lt bo a phng; mt s thng t ca B ti chnh v cc vn bn khc iu chnh v vn ti chnh cho thm ho ni chung.

Ton b chng VI quy nh v qun l nh nc i vi phng chng lt bo. Trong chng ny, ngoi quy nh v trch nhim ca tng c quan, n v, cn quy nh lp ra Ban ch o phng chng lt bo trung ng. Chnh ph ban hnh nhiu Ngh nh v thnh lp v kin ton Ban ch o ny. Gn y nht, thng 2 nm 2010, Chnh ph va ban hnh Ngh nh 14/2010/N-CP v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng, Ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh v a phng. Ngh nh ny c u im ln l quy nh mt cch c h thng v vic t chc, nhim v, quyn hn ca cc ban ch huy phng chng lt bo t trung ng, n a phng, v c bit mi l quy nh v c ch phi hp gia cc ban ch huy ny. Tuy nhin, c l do yu cu qun l nh nc trc s xut hin ca nhiu hin tng thin tai mi, nn phm vi thm quyn ca Ban ch o trung ng c m rng vt qu phm vi ban u, dn n s vnh gia Php lnh v Ngh nh 14/2010/N-CP.

V trch nhim ca cng ng, mc d phn nguyn tc nhn mnh ti s tham gia ca cng ng, trch nhim ca t chc, c nhn trong vic phng chng lt bo, bo v cc cng trnh phc v cng tc ny, song Php lnh khng c quy nh chi tit. Cc quy nh v khen thng, x pht (chng VII) tuy c lm r hn cc vn bn trc v trch nhim ca tng nhm, song v cc hnh thc v mc x pht cn chung chung. c bit, do thiu ch ti x pht nn trong nhiu nm, vic t chc phng nga, ng ph lt bo trong dn cn cha trit do ngi dn trong nhiu trng hp khng chp hnh yu cu ca c quan c thm quyn khi lt bo xy ra. Va qua, thng 1 nm 2010, Chnh ph ban hnh Ngh nh s 04/2010/N-CP v x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc phng chng lt bo, gip khc phc bt cp ny.

Tm li, Php lnh phng chng lt bo c th c coi l vn bn kh hon chnh trong lnh vc phng chng lt bo. Tuy nhin, Php lnh ny khng iu chnh ton b hot ng phng chng thin tai ni chung Vit Nam do:

Phm vi iu chnh ca Php lnh hp, ch bao gm 11 loi thin tai, ch yu l cc s c lin quan n nc.

Chnh do phm vi c th ny, nn s iu chnh ca Php lnh cng ch mang tnh c th, l tp trung vo cc bin php nhm phng nga, ng ph v khc phc hu qu ca cc thin tai do nc gy ra nh: xy dng h thng ngn nc, chn sng, p, h cha, phn l, chm l, tiu thot nc Trong khi , nhiu loi thin tai khc nh: nng nng, hn hn, rt hi, ma , sng mui, ng t, sng thnli i hi cc bin php ng x khc.

C cu t chc cng thin v qun l cc loi thin tai do nc gy ra, th hin trc ht tn gi ca Ban ch o phng chng lt bo Trung ng, cng nh c cu bn trong, vi vai tr thng trc ca Cc iu v phng chng lt bo. B my qun l nh vy cn hp, cha p ng c yu cu v qun l tt c cc loi thin tai ni chung.

4. Quy ch phng chng ng t, sng thn 2006

Quy ch ny c Th tng chnh ph quyt nh ban hnh vo nm 2006, trong bi cnh chu - n Dng va tri qua trn sng thn gy thm ha ln vo nhng ngy cui nm 2004.

V phm vi iu chnh, Quy ch ny quy nh vic t chc cng tc phng, chng ng t, sng thn, bao gm cc nhim v phng nga, ng ph v khc phc hu qu khi xy ra ng t, sng thn (iu 1)

u im th nht l Quy ch c l l mt trong s t vn bn quy nh phi a phng chng ng t, sng thn vo k hoch pht trin kinh t x hi ti cc vng c nguy c ng t v sng thn (iu 3)

u im th hai ca vn bn ny l quy nh y cc giai on trong chu trnh qun l thin tai, bao gm:

Phng nga (iu 2 n 7): quy nh v vic phn vng ng t, sng thn; a vo quy hoch pht trin vng; xy dng cc cng trnh phng nga, lp cc phng n phng chng; tuyn truyn, gio dc.

ng ph (chng II): thng tin, cnh bo; t chc ng ph, s tn, tm kim, cu nn. ng thi, Th tng chnh ph cng ban hnh mt vn bn ring v cng tc d bo, thng tin, cnh bo ng t, sng thn, l Quy ch thng tin ng t, cnh bo sng thn 2006.

Khc phc hu qu (chng III): t chc, bin php, kinh ph cho khc phc hu qu

Quy ch cng quy nh v trch nhim ca chnh quyn cc cp v vn khen thng, x pht.

Tng t nh nhiu vn bn khc v thin tai, Quy ch cha quy nh cc bin php ch ti nhm m bo ngi dn s tun theo ch o ca cc lc lng c thm quyn trong phng chng ng t, sng thn, mc d vic ny rt quan trng. Cc bin php khen thng, x pht cng quy nh chung chung. Vn huy ng lc lng, phng tin cng cn b ng.

V qun l nh nc, BC phng chng lt bo trung ng hin ang c giao nhim v qun l c v vn ng t, sng thn, nhng dng nh vn ny cha ph hp vi thc lc hin nay ca BC v cng t ra mt yu cu cp thit v nng cp h thng cc c quan qun l trong lnh vc ny.

Tm li, mc d c nhng u im nu trn, song Quy ch phng chng ng t, sng thn cng ch l vn bn iu chnh hp i vi 2 loi thin tai l ng t v sng thn. B my qun l i vi 2 loi thin tai ny cng cn nhng im cn hon thin.5. Ngh nh 14/2010/N-CP quy nh v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng; Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v Tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh v a phng

Ngh nh 14/2010 ra i nhm b sung cho Php lnh phng chng lt bo 1993-2000 trong vic quy nh c th v c cu t chc, chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn ca Ban ch o phng chng lt bo Trung ng, a phng v phi hp gia cc c quan nh nc trong vic phng chng lt bo. Ngh nh gm 24 iu, c chia thnh 7 chng.

Chng I bao gm nhng quy nh chung. Trong , c th, phm vi iu chnh ca Ngh nh bao gm nhng quy nh v t chc, nhim v v quyn hn ca Ban ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng; Ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v Tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh v a phng; c ch phi hp vn hnh trong ng ph vi cc tnh hung thin tai. Phm vi iu chnh ca Ngh nh ny khng ch gii hn trong l lt m m rng ra 13 loi thin tai c lit k ti iu 3, trong bao gm c ng t, sng thn. i tng p dng s l tt c cc c quan, t chc, c nhn trong nc v nc ngoi ang sinh sng v lm vic trn lnh th v cc vng bin, o ca Vit Nam.

Chng II quy nh c th v c cu t chc v nhim v ca Ban ch o phng chng lt bo Trung ng v Ban ch huy phng chng lt bo v tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh a phng.

Chng III quy nh v quyn hn ca Ban ch o phng chng lt bo Trung ng v Ban ch huy phng chng lt bo v tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh v a phng.

Chng IV quy nh v vic phi hp gia cc B ban ngnh trong cc d bo, phng chng (iu 14, 15) ng ph (iu 16), phi hp trong cu h, tm kim cu nn (iu 17) v khi phc, ti thit sau thin tai (iu 18). V mt nguyn tc, cc c quan c lin quan s phi hp trn nguyn tc ch huy thng nht, phn cng c th, ch ng, kp thi, ph hp vi din bin thc t ca thin tai (iu 13).

Chng V quy nh v ngun ti chnh bo m cho hot ng ch o phng chng lt bo v cu h, cu nn. Theo ngun ti chnh duy nht c quy nh l Ngn sch nh nc. Mc ch ca ngn sch ny c lit k ti iu 19, tuy nhin khng c quy nh c th c quan no s trc tip qun l v s dng ngun Ngn sch ny.

Chng VI bao gm 2 iu v Khen thng v x pht nhng ch nu mt cch chung chung rng ty theo thnh tch s c khen thng, ty theo mc vi phm s c x pht; khng c quy nh c th v cc hnh thc, mc khen thng, x pht, bin php ch ti thc thi cng nh c quan chc nng no s chu trch nhim trong vic khen thng, x pht.

Chng VII quy nh v Hiu lc v Trch nhim thi hnh Ngh nh.

6. Ngh nh s 50/1997/N-CP v Quy ch thnh lp v hot ng ca Qu phng, chng lt, bo ca a phng

Ngh nh 50/1997/N-CP quy nh v quy ch thnh lp v hot ng ca Qu phng, chng lt, bo ca a phng. Theo quy nh ca Ngh nh, cc t chc v c nhn c tr ti a phng c ngha v n gp hng nm theo quy nh ca php lut. Ngoi cc khon ng gp bt buc t ngi dn a phng, Qu phng, chng lt bo ca a phng cng c quyn tip nhn mi khon t nguyn ng h ca cc t chc, c nhn trong v ngoi nc. Qu phng, chng lt bo ca a phng khng bao gm Qu ngy cng lao ng cng ch. Qu phng chng lt, bo a phng ch c s dng h tr vic tu b iu, phng, chng, v khc phc hu qu lt, bo. Qu do y ban nhn dn tnh, thnh ph trc thuc Trung ng qun l s dng ti a phng v c s dng tr gip cc a phng khc khi c lt, bo xy ra. Qu chu s qun l Nh nc v ti chnh ca c quan ti chnh cp trn, Qu c m ti khon ring ti Kho bc Nh nc.Trn thc t, cc quy nh ca Ngh nh 50, sau 15 nm p dng b l nhiu bt cp. Vic xc nh mc tin ng gp l s tin tng ng 1-2 kg thc tu i tng tnh theo gi thc thu thu s dng t nng nghip ti thi im thu (i vi cng dn) v 0,02% tng s vn sn xut kinh doanh i vi doanh nghip (iu 9) khng cn cp nht vi tnh hnh thu nhp hin nay. Quy nh Ch tch UBND ng tn ti khon cho Qu ny (iu 4) to ra kh khn cho vic s dng qu v khng thc hin c trn thc t (theo kt qu iu tra cc a phng). Mt khc, thc t nhiu a phng khng trin khai thu theo Ngh nh ny do hiu nhm l vi chnh sch bi b ph, l ph hoc khng th thu c t ngi dn hoc doanh nghip do thiu ch ti x pht. Ngoi ra, nhng a phng m ngi dn c kh nng ng gp th thng khng hay chu thin tai, trong khi nhng a phng hay phi chu thin tai, th ngi dn li qu ngho, khng kh nng ng gp.Tm li, cc quy nh v qu phng chng lt, bo ti a phng cha p ng c yu cu thc tin, cha to ra c ngun kinh ph p ng hot ng phng chng lt, bo ni ring v phng chng thin tai ni chung ti a phng.7. Ngh nh v phng chy v cha chy rng 2006

Phm vi iu chnh ca vn bn ny thu hp lnh vc chy rng: iu 1 quy nh Ngh nh ny quy nh v phng chy, cha chy rng, t chc lc lng, trang b phng tin, u t kinh ph, ch , chnh sch cho hot ng phng chy v cha chy rng; trch nhim ca chnh quyn cc cp, cc c quan, t chc, h gia nh v c nhn trong hot ng phng chy v cha chy rng.

u im th nht ca Ngh nh ny l quy nh rt r trch nhim ca tng i tng c lin quan, t cc cp chnh quyn, cc t chc, cho ti ngi dn: ch rng (iu 4), ngi ng u cc c quan, t chc, ng, hot ng trong rng, ven rng (iu 5), ch h gia nh sinh sng trong rng, ven rng (iu 6), c nhn hot ng trong rng, ven rng (iu 7).

u im th hai l quy nh chi tit giai on phng nga v ng ph trong chu trnh qun l chy rng, bao gm:

Phng nga chy rng (chng II): ra cc tiu ch, trch nhim, bin php phng nga chy rng.

Cha chy rng (chng III): ra cc bin php, yu cu v lp phng n, trch nhim v huy ng ngi, phng tin v ch p dng cho ngi, phng tin c huy ng

B sung thm vo Ngh nh ny, c th k ti Quyt nh ca B trng NN&PTNT Ban hnh quy nh v cp d bo, bo ng v bin php t chc thc hin phng chy, cha chy rng (2000), iu chnh vn d bo, bo ng v chi tit ho cc bin php cn thc hin phng v cha chy rng.u im th ba l Ngh nh quy nh chi tit v vic t chc lc lng v qun l trang thit b, phng tin phng chy, cha chy rng (chng IV). V im ny, nhiu vn bn, k c Php lnh phng, chng lt, bo, cng cha c c.

V ti chnh, Ngh nh cng dnh mt chng (chng V) quy nh v u t ti chnh cho hot ng phng chy, cha chy rng.

V qun l nh nc, bn cnh chng VI quy nh v trch nhim ca cc c quan cng quyn trong qun l chy rng, th cn c thm Quyt nh ca B trng B NN&PTNT ban hnh Quy ch hot ng ca Ban ch o Trung ng v cc vn cp bch trong bo v rng v phng chy, cha chy rng (2007). Nh vy, mt b my v c ch hon chnh v phng chy, cha chy rng c quy nh.

Nhng im cn hon thin: Ngh nh khng quy nh g v giai on phc hi, ti thit sau chy rng, l giai on rt quan trng. Cc quy nh v trng mi rng, phc hi rng c th c tm thy trong Lut bo v v pht trin rng 2004 v nhiu vn bn, chnh sch ca Nh nc v pht trin rng. Song vn l thiu st nu mt vn bn trc tip quy nh v qun l chy rng li khng nhc g ti giai on ti thit ny.

Tm li, mc d c nhng u im nu trn, nhng vn bn ny ch c phm vi iu chnh l phng chng chy rng nn khng th iu chnh bao qut tt c cc loi thin tai.

8. Ngh nh thi hnh Php lnh tnh trng khn cp trong trng hp c thm ho ln, dch bnh nguy him 2002

Ngh nh (v Php lnh) c phm vi iu chnh l tnh trng khn cp, tuy nhin vn bn ny cng s lin quan n lnh vc phng chng thin tai trong nhng trng hp thin tai dn n tnh trng khn cp.Theo phm vi iu chnh ti iu 1, Ngh nh quy nh v vic thi hnh Ngh quyt ca UBTVQH hoc Lnh ca Ch tch nc ban b tnh trng khn cp khi c thm ho ln, dch bnh nguy him v p dng cc bin php c bit. Nh vy, Ngh nh ch tp trung vo giai on ng ph, khc phc sm khng quy nh v phng nga, gim nh cng nh ti thit sau thm ho.

Ngh nh ra cc nguyn tc ti iu 2, trong nhn mnh ti s ch o tp trung ca Th tng chnh ph, ch trng cng tc ng cu, huy ng sc mnh ton dn. Cc nguyn tc ny phn nh c tnh cht khn cp trong cc hot ng m Ngh nh iu chnh.

Ngh nh ch quy nh v vn a tin v tnh hnh thm ho, dch bnh (iu 3), ch khng quy nh v d bo, cnh bo sm, iu ny c gii thch l do phm vi iu chnh ca Ngh nh l cc cng tc din ra khi thm ho xy ra.

V qun l nh nc, Ngh nh quy nh lp ra Ban ch o do Th tng hoc mt ph th tng lm trng ban (iu 4). Ban ch o ny ch c tnh v vic, c lp ra khi c thm ho v t ng gii tn khi ht nhim v. Nh vy, khng c mt c quan thng trc v qun l thm ho.

Ngh nh ch quy nh v vn gii quyt, bi thng cc phng tin, ti sn c trng dng ng ph thm ho (iu 8), khng c quy nh mt c ch qun l i vi ngi, phng tin, thit b thng xuyn cho cng tc ny. Nh ta bit, phi c cc lc lng v phng tin thng xuyn mi m bo tnh kp thi v hiu qu ca cng tc chun b ng ph, ng ph v gii quyt hu qu.

V cc bin php p dng (chng III, mc 1), do phm vi iu chnh ch gii hn ng ph v khc phc sm, do , cc bin php p dng cng ch gii hn hai giai on ng ph v khc phc sm trong chu trnh tng th v qun l thm ho.

Quy nh v ti chnh rt khim tn. Ti iu 6 (khon 3) ch quy nh B ti chnh c trch nhim h tr kp thi kinh ph t ngn sch nh nc khc phc hu qu thm ho, dch bnh theo quyt nh ca Th tng chnh ph. Nh vy, khng c ngun ti chnh thng xuyn cho cng tc ng ph, khc phc sm thm ho ni ring v cng tc qun l thm ho ni chung. Ngn sch nh nc c th c s dng vo vic ny nhng phi theo quyt nh ca Th tng v tu vo tng trng hp mt.

Tm li, ngay t phm vi iu chnh, Ngh nh khng phi l vn bn iu chnh trc tip v thin tai. Nu xt t gc qun l thm ha th, nh phn tch trn, y cng cha phi l vn bn iu chnh ton din v qun l thm ho. S iu chnh ca Ngh nh cn gii hn c v phm vi iu chnh, ti chnh, c cu t chc, ln cc hot ng tin hnh.

9. Ngh nh v phng th dn s 2008

Khc vi vi cc vn bn trn, phm vi iu chnh ca Ngh nh phng th dn s li rt rng, thin tai ( mc thm ha) ch l mt trong nhng ni dung iu chnh ca Ngh nh ny. Theo iu 1, Ngh nh phng th dn s quy nh v nhim v; c ch bo m u t; t chc, hun luyn; phng chng khc phc hu qu cc loi v kh cng ngh cao, v kh ht nhn, v kh ho hc, sinh hc (gi chung l v kh hy dit ln) v cc thm ha do thin nhin hoc con ngi gy ra;

i vi cng tc qun l thm ho th Ngh nh ny va rng li va hp. Rng hn ch Ngh nh khng ch iu chnh v thm ho, m cn iu chnh c cc trng hp v v trang ni chung. Hp hn ch khng quy nh v giai on ti thit sau thm ha v mt b my qun l v thm ho.

Ngh nh l vn bn php l u tin v duy nht ca Vit Nam a ra nh ngha v thm ho (ti iu 3 - l nhng bin ng do thin nhin, dch bnh nguy him hoc do con ngi gy ra hoc do hu qu chin tranh lm thit hi nghim trng v ngi, ti sn, mi trng t nhin). nh ngha ny kh tng ng vi cc nh ngha quc t v khu vc, nhng cha tnh n mi tng quan gia mc trm trng ca thin tai, dch bnh, con ngi, vi mc d b tn thng ca tng cng ng khc nhau, c th l kh nng phc hi sau thm ho.

V nguyn tc ch o, iu 4 nhn mnh phng chm da vo cng ng v ch trng giai on phng nga. y l mt u im ca vn bn.

Ngh nh ch quy nh chung v qun l nh nc i vi phng th dn s (trong c thm ho), trch nhim ca tng c quan, t chc (iu 5 ti 7). Nhng Ngh nh li khng quy nh lp ra mt b my qun l chuyn bit. iu ny c th dn ti kh khn trong vic trin khai, gim st cc hot ng thng xuyn.

Mt u im ca vn bn l ch trng ti khu phng nga, do , Ngh nh dnh nhiu quy nh cho cng tc: tp hun, quy hoch, xy dng cc cng trnh d phng, d bo, cnh bo, qun l phng tin, ch i vi ngi tham gia (chng II).

Ngh nh cng quy nh rt chi tit v vic xy dng k hoch ng ph, c ch x l thm ho, c ch x l thng tin v thm ho (mc 3, chng II).

V huy ng ngi, phng tin, thit b v ch ph cp, qun l Ngh nh cng quy nh rt chi tit (iu 23 n 27).

V ti chnh, Ngh nh quy nh 3 ngun: Ngn sch nh nc (c d ton hng nm), ngn sch a phng, ngun ngn sch ca doanh nghip (iu 28). Ngh nh cng quy nh r ngun ti chnh c chi vo nhng vic g (iu 29)

Tm li, nhn chung Ngh nh c s iu chnh kh ton din v chi tit i vi phng th dn s ni chung v thm ho ni ring. Tuy nhin, y vn cha th coi l vn bn iu chnh v thm ho, bi nhiu l do:

Th nht, y ch mi l mt vn bn di lut.

Th hai, do phm vi iu chnh l v phng th dn s, nn vn bn ny thin v tnh cht quc phng, c t di Lut quc phng, B quc phng ng vai tr l c quan ch cht (iu 4.1). Trong khi , qun l thm ho cn phi c nhn mt cch rng hn.

Th ba, Ngh nh tp trung vo cng tc phng nga, gim nh v ng ph, l mt iu rt tt, song li khng ch trng ti cng tc ti thit, phc hi sm sau thm ho. Do , xt v chu trnh qun l thm ho th vn bn ny vn cha y .

Th ba, v mt qun l nh nc, Ngh nh khng quy nh mt c quan qun l ring. Nu c mt c quan c lp ra, th vn thm ho cng ch l mt trong s nhiu ni dung qun l. Trong khi , qun l thm ho cn phi c xem xt mt cch ring bit do tnh cht quan trng ca n.

10. Tiu kt

Cc vn bn hin c hiu lc v phng chng thin tai hoc v qun l thm ha c lin quan n thin tai c r sot trong phn ny cng nh trong cc nghin cu c thc hin trong qu trnh xy dng Lut u ch c phm vi iu chnh hp i vi mt s loi thin tai, dn ti c cu t chc v cch thc iu chnh cng th hin c th ca cng tc phng chng loi thin tai c lin quan. Trong trng hp xy ra ng thi nhiu loi thin tai, th c ch phi hp cha c quy nh c th. C th nhn thy mt s bt cp di y v khung php lut hin hnh v phng chng thin tai.

Th nht, cha c mt vn bn lut thng nht iu chnh tng th cng tc phng chng thin tai.

Quan trng nht trong lnh vc phng chng thin tai l Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo nm 1993, sa i b sung nm 2000 mi ch iu chnh 11 loi thin tai lin quan n nc. Ngh nh 14/2010/N-CP m rng phm vi iu chnh thm i vi hai loi thin tai l ng t v sng thn. Cc vn bn quy phm php lut khc thng ch dnh mt s iu khon hoc chng quy nh v cc vn c lin quan n phng chng thin tai. Mt s loi thin tai thng xuyn xy ra nhng cha c vn bn php lut no iu chnh nh xm nhp mn, nng nng, hn hn, rt hi Cc vn bn php lut ny cng cha tnh n cc dng thin tai c th pht sinh trong tng lai do bin i kh hu. Ngoi ra, vi phng php tip cn n l i vi tng loi thin tai, cc c quan son tho thng tp trung vo nhim v qun l ca ngnh xy dng vn bn. Cc yu t lin quan n thin tai tuy c c cp trong vn bn nhng ch phm vi hp i vi lnh vc qun l ca tng b, ngnh nh Lut iu, Lut Ti nguyn nc...

Th hai, h thng vn bn cng knh nhng cha y , c th gy chng cho. Cc nghin cu tng th cho thy, lin quan n phng chng lt bo ni ring c n hn 50 vn bn php lut v php quy (xem Ph lc 1). H thng cc vn bn php lut trong lnh vc ny kh cng knh, c th gy chng cho v kh khn nht nh khi p dng. V d, ring trong lnh vc phng chng lt bo, nhiu vn bn cc cp khc nhau iu chnh cc phm vi v mc khc nhau nh Php lnh phng chng lt bo iu chnh cng tc phng chng i vi l, ngp lt, nc bin dng, bo, p thp nhit i, lc, st l t do ma, l, bo v sng bin gy ra. Lut Ti nguyn nc (chng IV) cng quy nh v phng chng cc tai nn lin quan ti nc, bao gm lt, bo, ngoi ra cn iu chnh thm v hn hn, xm nhp mn, nc bin dng, trn, ma , ma a-xt (khng thuc phm vi iu chnh ca Php lnh phng chng lt bo). Thng t ca B Giao thng Vn ti v phng chng, khc phc hu qu lt bo trong hot ng ng st quy nh ring v t chc cng tc phng chng lt bo trong ngnh ng st, trong , b sung thm mt s hin tng khc nh lc, v , v p h cha nc... i vi mi loi thin tai thng xuyn xy ra, Nh nc ban hnh cc vn bn quy phm php lut c phm vi iu chnh gii hn trong tng loi thin tai . V d, lt bo v cc thin tai lin quan n nc c iu chnh ti Lut ti nguyn nc, chng IV (2002) v Php lnh Phng, chng lt bo (2000); ng t, sng thn c quy nh ti Quy ch phng chng ng t, sng thn do Chnh ph ban hnh (2006); chy rng c quy nh Ngh nh v phng chy v cha chy rng (2006). Tuy nhin, h thng vn bn cng knh ny vn nhng khong trng cha c iu chnh. Mt s loi thin tai thng xy ra Vit Nam v tc ng khng nh ti i sng kinh t, x hi nhng li cha c vn bn ring iu chnh nh: nng nng, hn hn, rt hi, xm nhp mn. Hoc nhng bin php m bo cho qu trnh phng chng thin tai din ra hiu qu nh cng ch di di cha c quy nh. c bit, trong trng hp cng mt lc xy ra nhiu s c th vn thiu nhng quy nh phi hp thc thi tng th.

Th ba, cc quy nh v cc lnh vc c th cn chung chung hoc nm ri rc nhiu vn bn, kh cho vic tra cu, vn dng v thc thi. Cc quy nh php lut v cc lnh vc c th trong chu trnh phng nga, ng ph v khc phc hu qu nh qun l ti chnh, iu phi cc hot ng cu tr, huy ng ngi, phng tin cho cng tc phng chng thin tai, mc d c xy dng kh y , song u nm ri rc rt nhiu vn bn, khin cho vic tra cu, vn dng rt kh khn.

Th t, cc quy nh v x l vi phm i vi trng hp khng thc hin cc mnh lnh, hng dn ca c quan c thm quyn khi xy ra thin tai c ban hnh nhng phm vi p dng cn gii hn v quy nh cn chung chung, khin cho thc ca ngi dn trong vic tun th cha cao. Hin chnh ph ban hnh mt s Ngh nh v x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong phng chng thin tai nh Ngh nh 04/2010/N-CP ngy 15/1/2010 ca Chnh ph Quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc phng, chng lt, bo v Ngh nh 129/2007/N-CP ngy 2/8/2007 ca Chnh ph Quy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh trong lnh vc iu. Cc vn bn ny to thun li hn cho vic trin khai cc bin php phng chng thin tai, xc nh r rng ch ti i vi cc c nhn, t chc c hnh vi vi phm. Song, cc vn bn v x pht vi phm hnh chnh ny ch p dng vi tng loi thin tai ring bit v cng mi ch gii hn mt s loi thin tai nh lt, bo, vi phm iu nn mc tc ng cn hp.

Tm li, t nhng phn tch nu trn c th thy vic nng cp Php lnh Phng chng lt bo n thun thnh lut m khng c s m rng v phm vi iu chnh cng nh b sung nhng quy nh cn thit p ng yu cu thc tin l khng kh thi. Vic son tho Lut v phng chng thin tai nhm thng nht qun l nh nc i vi bt c loi thin tai no c th xy ra Vit Nam, i km vi l mt b my qun l tng xng l v cng cn thit. Bn cnh , mi vn bn hin hnh v thin tai u c nhng im mnh, cn c pht huy.II.Tng kt thi hnh Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo 1993-2000 v cc vn bn php lut c lin quanNhm nh gi kt qu thi hnh Php lnh phng, chng lt, bo cng nh cc vn bn php lut c lin quan trong lnh vc phng chng thin tai nhm xc nh nhng bt cp, hn ch, tn ti v nguyn nhn, xut cc gii php nhm tng cng hiu qu cng tc phng, chng lt, bo ni ring v cng tc phng chng thin tai ni chung, phc v cho vic xy dng D n Lut Phng chng thin tai v thc hin Chin lc phng, chng v gim nh thin tai n nm 2020, theo Quyt nh s 172/2007/Q-TTg ngy 16 thng 11 nm 2007 ca Th tng Chnh ph, B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn giao Tng cc Thy li ch o vic tng kt thc hin php lut v phng chng thin tai. Tng Cc Thy li c vn bn s 1027/BNN-TCTL ngy 4 thng 5 nm 2011 hng dn v ch o vic tng kt thc hin Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo.

B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn nhn c bo co ca 25 tnh/thnh ph, n v v t chc hi ngh Tng kt ngy 26/12/2011. Trn c s cc bo co v kt qu tho lun ti hi ngh tng kt, B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn xin bo co v kin ngh vi Th tng v cng tc phng, chng lt, bo nh sau:

1. Nhng kt qu t c

Trong qu trnh trin khai thc hin nhim v phng, chng lt, bo, tun th cc qui nh ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo v cc vn bn php lut lin quan, cn c iu kin t nhin, x hi v nhng dng thin tai thng xuyn tc ng; kinh nghim t chc phng, chng, ng ph, khc phc hu qu, cc cp, cc ngnh xy dng qui hoch, k hoch pht trin kinh t x hi c xt n tc ng ca thin tai v xy dng k hoch hnh ng v phng, chng thin tai. Hng nm cc cp, cc ngnh t Trung ng n c s u xy dng k hoch phng, chng thin tai c th i vi tng ngnh, lnh vc v tng cp.

Trn c s k hoch v t thc t din bin ca thin tai cc cp, cc ngnh t chc trin khai cc bin php ng ph v khc phc hu, tng kt rt kinh nghim v ra k hoch cho nm tip theo. Ban Ch o Phng, chng lt bo Trung ng v y ban Quc gia Tm kim cu nn ch o cc b, c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph v y ban nhn dn cp tnh xy dng k hoch, trin khai cc bin php thc hin k hoch v t chc ng ph, khc phc hu qu thin tai. Kt qu t c i vi nhim v Phng, chng lt, bo v Tm kim cu nn l rt ln, th hin trn cc mt ch yu sau y:

1.1. V t chc trin khai v ban hnh vn bn php lut

Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo c ban hnh ngy 8-3-1993. p ng yu cu ca thc t, Php lnh ny c sa i, b sung mt ln vo nm 2000. ng thi, Chnh ph cng ban hnh ba Ngh nh quy nh chi tit v mt s vn ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo: Ngh nh 08/2006/N-CP quy nh chi tit mt s iu ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo sa i, b sung ngy 24 thng 8 nm 2000; Ngh nh 50/N-CP quy nh v quy ch thnh lp v hot ng ca Qu Phng chng lt bo ca a phng; Ngh nh 14/2000/N-CP quy nh v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban ch o Phng, chng lt, bo trung ng, Ban ch huy Phng, chng lt, bo v Tm kim cu nn ca cc b, ngnh v a phng. Ngh nh 14/2000/N-CP thay th cho Ngh nh 168/1990/N-HBT trc y v t chc, nhim v ca Ban ch o v Ban ch huy Phng, chng lt, bo cc cp, ngnh.

Trc yu cu cp bch ca cng tc phng chng thin tai trong bi cnh bin i kh hu, Th tng Chnh ph ban hnh Quyt nh s 172/2007/Q-TTg ngy 16 thng 11 nm 2007 ph duyt Chin lc quc gia v Phng, chng v Gim nh thin tai n nm 2020. Ngoi ra, Chnh ph cng ban hnh Ngh nh s 62/1999/N-CP ngy 31/7/1999 Ban hnh Qui ch v Phn l, chm l thuc h thng sng Hng bo v an ton cho th H Ni. ng thi, Chnh ph cng cc b, ngnh hu quan ban hnh nhiu quyt nh v c ch, chnh sch lin quan n cng tc phng, chng thin tai; pht trin kinh t - x hi v pht trin c s h tng i vi cc vng sng chung vi l; vng thng xuyn b ngp l; vng phn l, chm l, chnh sch h tr khi ngi dn b nh hng do thin tai, chnh sch, c ch u t cc chng trnh, d n nh trng, bo v v chm sc rng u ngun, rng phng h ven bin, chng trnh cng c nng cp bin, chng trnh trng mi 5 triu hecta rng, chng trnh xy dng cc h cha; chng trnh xy dng cc khu tr, trnh cho tu, thuyn, chng trnh v trang thit b thng tin v ph sng di ng thng tin k c thng thit b thng tin i vi tu hot ng nh bt hi sn trn bin Khi xy ra thin tai, Chnh ph kp thi quyt nh h tr khn cp v kinh ph, lng thc, ngun ging gip cc a phng n nh i sng nhn dn, khi phc cc cng trnh h tng v phc hi sn xut.

Hng nm Th tng Chnh ph, Trng Ban Ch o Phng chng lt, bo Trung ng, Ch tch y ban quc gia tm kim cu nn, B trng, th trng c quan ngang b, c quan thuc Chnh ph, ch tch y ban nhn dn cp tnh ra Ch th v cng tc Phng, chng, gim nh thin tai v tm kim cu nn, ng thi cc cp, cc ngnh ch o vic xy dng, ph duyt k hoch v phng n phng, chng v gim nh thin tai theo thm quyn lm c s cho vic trin khai thc hin.

Bn cnh lt, bo v cc dng thin tai lin quan n nc, Th tng Chnh ph cng ban hnh hai quyt nh c th v ng t, sng thn: Quyt nh 264/2006/Q-TTg ban hnh quy ch bo tin ng t, cnh bo sng thn v Quyt nh 78/2007/Q-TTg ban hnh quy ch phng, chng ng t, sng thn.

1.2. V t chc v i ng ngi lm cng tc phng, chng lt, bo

1.2.1. T chc phng chng thin tai Trung ng

Phng chng thin tai l mt lnh vc lin ngnh, v vy m bo hiu qu hot ng ca cng tc ny cp trung ng, Ban ch o phng, chng lt, bo trung ng c thnh lp. Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng l c quan tham mu, gip Chnh ph, Th tng Chnh ph trong vic n c, ch o iu hnh cng tc phng nga, ng ph v khc phc hu qu thin tai trn phm vi c nc. Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng gm B trng B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn lm Trng ban, ba Ph Trng ban l Th trng B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn (Ph Trng ban thng trc), Ph Ch nhim Vn phng Chnh ph v Ph Tng Tham mu trng Qun i nhn dn Vit Nam v cc u vin l i din lnh o cc B, ngnh: Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, Ti nguyn v Mi trng, Cng an, K hoch v u t, Ti chnh, Cng Thng, Gio dc v o to, Thng tin v Truyn thng, Vn ha, Th thao v Du lch, Xy dng, Giao thng vn ti, Y t, Khoa hc v Cng ngh, Ngoi giao, Lao ng Thng binh v X hi, i Truyn hnh Vit Nam, i Ting ni Vit Nam. Cn c yu cu cng tc, Trng Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng quyt nh b sung lnh o mt s c quan, t chc c lin quan tham gia Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng. Ban ch o Phng, chng lt, bo trung ng hin nay c 29 thnh vin (Ph lc 2).

B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn l c quan thng trc ca Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng. Ban c Vn phng thng trc do Cc Qun l iu v Phng, chng lt, bo kim nhim. Tr s chnh ca Vn phng thng trc t ti H Ni, c hai i din vng l hai Trung tm phng, chng lt, bo t ti thnh ph H Ch Minh v thnh ph Nng.

1.2.2. T chc phng chng thin tai a phng

Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn l c quan c chc nng cp tnh, cp huyn, cp x do Ch tch y ban nhn dn cng cp thnh lp, tham mu gip y ban nhn dn cng cp trong vic kim tra, n c, ch huy iu hnh cng tc phng nga, ng ph v khc phc hu qu thin tai trong phm vi a phng. Thnh vin ca Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn a phng gm trng ban l Ch tch hoc Ph Ch tch y ban nhn dn cng cp, hai Ph Trng ban l Gim c S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn (Ph Trng ban thng trc cp tnh) v th trng c quan qun s a phng, Th trng c quan Bin phng a phng i vi cc a phng, cc y vin l lnh o cc c quan lin quan n cng tc phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn ca a phng. i vi cp x, thnh vin l cc cn b chuyn mn ph trch cc lnh vc lin quan lm y vin.

S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn l c quan thng trc ca Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cp tnh. Ban c Vn phng thng trc, c s dng c quan qun l v iu, thy li ca S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn kim nhim.

Cn c iu kin c th ca a phng, Ch tch y ban nhn dn cp huyn quyt nh phng chc nng thuc y ban nhn dn cp huyn lm Vn phng thng trc v c cp kinh ph hot ng.

Theo thng k ca B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, tnh n nay, 33 tnh/thnh ph thnh lp Ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cp tnh/thnh ph, vi tng s cn b lm nhim v (kim nhim) phng chng thin tai l 855 cn b. Trong , 9 ch tch u ban nhn dn tnh v 24 ph ch tch u ban nhn dn tnh lm trng cc ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn (Ph lc 3).

1.2.3. T chc phng chng thin tai ti cc b, ngnh

Ti cc b, ngnh, Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v Tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh do Th trng cc B, ngnh thnh lp, tham mu gip B trng, Th trng cc ngnh trong cng tc n c, ch o iu hnh cng tc phng nga, ng ph v khc phc hu qu thin tai thuc phm vi chc nng, nhim v ca B. Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh gm cc thnh vin: mt lnh o B, ngnh lm Trng Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn ca B, ngnh. Cn c c cu t chc ca tng B, ngnh, B trng, Th trng ngnh quyt nh v s lng, c cu, nhim v cc thnh vin ca Ban cho ph hp. Cn c chc nng, nhim v c giao v yu cu cng tc phng, chng, lt bo v tm kim cu nn, B trng, Th trng cc ngnh quyt nh vic thnh lp Vn phng thng trc phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn.

1.3. V hot ng phng, chng lt, bo

1.3.1. Hot ng phng nga

Hot ng phng nga c quy nh ti Chin lc quc gia v phng, chng, gim nh thin tai, v cc ni dung qui nh ti cc iu 9, 10, 11, 12, 13. 14, 15, 16, 17 ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo. Lnh o cc cp, ngnh nhn thc r trch nhim ca a phng, ngnh v n v trong cng tc phng chng lt bo, gim nh thin tai i vi cp mnh, ngnh mnh v cng ng.

Thng qua h thng cc phng tin thng tin i chng v cng tc truyn thng, cng tc tuyn truyn, gio dc php lut, ph bin kin thc, kinh nghim nng cao nhn thc cng ng v phng, chng v gim nh thin tai ngy cng c ch trng v tng bc c nng cao. T chc o to cng ng n cp c s thng qua cc d n do cc t chc trong v ngoi nc ti tr. Hng nm cc cn b lm cng tc phng, chng thin tai t trung ng n a phng u c tp hun v chuyn mn, nghip v v ph bin cc ni dung ca php lut lin quan, hng dn cng tc kim tra, thanh tra pht hin v x l cc vi phm php lut i vi lnh vc phng, chng thin tai nh Lut iu; Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo; Php lnh qun l khai thc cng trnh thy li. Cc ngnh lin quan v cc cp thng xuyn t chc din tp theo tng chuyn b sung, hon thin cc phng n nh din tp tm kim cu nn, din tp v h , din tp hon thin phng n v c ch vn hnh phn l, chm l, din tp s tn khi c sng thn, din tp cc phng n cu h, cu n trn bin. Ngoi vic t chc tp hun, o to, din tp, c quan chuyn mn cn phi hp vi Hi ch thp , Trung ng Hi lin hip ph n Vit nam v cc t chc phi chnh ph t chc tp hun v bnh ng gii, o to cng ng nng cao kin thc v phng nga thin tai i vi cc i tng d b tn thng nh ph n, tr em. Thng qua tp hun cc c quan, t chc lin quan bin son, n hnh v phn pht cc ti liu bng s tay hng dn, t ri, tranh, p phch nh: s tay hng dn cng tc phng, chng lt, bo; tranh, p phch v cc s c cng trnh iu v bin php x l, ti liu hng dn v nhn bit v cnh phng, trnh bo, l, phng nga ui nc; hng dn v phng trnh ng t, sng thn; ti liu hng dn k tht v xy dng, bo v nh, cng trnh trong vng thng xuyn b nh hng do bo, lv cc dng thin tai khc. Cng tc hng ngoi kha cho hc sinh v cch nhn bit v phng chng thin tai cng c p dng th im mt s a phng. Mt s hot ng tuyn truyn ph bin, gio dc php lut v kin thc v phng, chng lt, bo c th thc hin hiu qu ti mt s a phng nh:

- Thanh Ha t mua 5000 cun php lnh phng, chng lt, bo, lut iu v in n 600 b ti liu php lut v iu v phng, chng lt, bo v cc vn bn php lut c lin quan gi n tt c cc x, phng, th trn, lnh o cc huyn, th x, thnh ph, s, ban ngnh lin quan tm hiu v thc hin.

- Thnh ph H Ch Minh, t nm 2007 n nay, in v cp pht min ph 10.000 s tay/nm (tng cng hn 40.000 cun) v hng dn mt s bin php phng trnh, ng ph thin tai, cc kin thc v kh tng thy vn ch ng t chc phng trnh, ng ph kp thi vi thin tai.

- c bit cc chng trnh tuyn truyn c dch v pht bng ting dn tc ti Lo Cai.

Phng nga, chun b ng ph l bc quan trong i vi nhim v phng, chng thin tai. Thc hin k hoch hng nm vic tu b, cng c, nh gi hin trng cng trnh v xy dng cc phng n bo v cng trnh phng, chng thin tai c trin khai thng xuyn i vi cc cp, cc ngnh theo qui nh ti khon 4 iu 11 Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo. Cc cng trnh cp bch c tp trung x l hon thin trc ma ma, bo. M rng hp tc, trao i thng tin v p dng tin b khoa hc v cng ngh vo lnh vc phng, chng thin tai tng bc c quan tm. Cc xut, trin khai nghin cu, ng dng khoa hc cng ngh cho nhim v phng, chng lt, bo, iu tra kh hu, nghin cu c thc hin xy dng bn phn vng ngp lt, l qut, l ng, kh hn V d nh ti Qung Ngi trung tm Phng trnh v gim nh thin tai Qung Ngi ang s dng phn mm Thy lc 2 chiu v MapInfo qun l bn phn vng ngp l trong a bn ca tnh.

Cc a phng cng thc hin quy hoch hp l vng dn c, cng trnh c s h tng cc khu vc thng chu tc ng ca lt, bo. Ch ng lp k hoch di ri dn c trong a bn khu vc d b thin tai v chu nhiu nh hng khi c thin tai. Ti Lo Cai, t nm 2000 n nay, tnh sp xp c trn 15000 h dn m bo n nh i sng, sn xut; trong di chuyn c 6713 h dn nm trong vng thin tai nguy him n ni an ton. Ti Qung Ngi, gn 400 h trong vng c nguy c b st l ni, st l b sng, b bin c di di, ti nh c khn cp; hon thnh xy dng v a vo s dng Nh cng ng phng chng thin tai ti nhiu thn, x. Ty Ninh, 2 cm dn c (Cm dn c s 8 p Phc M x Phc Ch, huyn Trng Bng v Cm dn c s 8 p Phc Thnh, x Phc Lu huyn Trng Bng) c u t gip ngi dn di chuyn khi khu vc xy ra thin tai. Tin Giang s dng ngun ngn sch trung ng u t xy dng cm, tuyn dn c v nh vng ngp l trn a bn tnh vi tng kinh ph l 466.055 t ng. TP H Ch Minh di di 1.800 h dn sng trong vng st l ven sng, ven bin, vng trng thp v trong rng phng h. Thng k s h cn di di cp bch giai on 2011-2015 l 2.111 h v nhu cu vn thc hin di di l 2.368 t ng, ng thi kin ngh B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn xem xt ghi ch trng vn u t cho cc d n di di dn phng chng thin tai vi tng kinh ph l 1.1598 t ng.

Vic xy dng k hoch, phng n phng, chng thin tai v tm kim cu nn i vi tng ngnh, tng cp ngy cng c quan tm ch o phng n st vi c th v iu kin thc t ca tng ngnh, tng a phng. Cng tc kim tra, ch o thc hin c cc ngnh, cc cp quan tm. i vi mt s ngnh, lnh vc v cc a phng bt u trin khai vic lng ghp ni dung phng, chng gim nh thin tai v cng tc qui hoch v xy dng k hoch pht trin kinh t x hi, mt s lnh vc nh qui hoch pht trin th, khu pht trin cng nghip. Cc a phng cng bt u r sot, iu chnh, b sung quy hoch s dng t gn vi nhim v phng chng thin tai v c tnh n nh hng ca bin i kh hu (nh ti Hi Phng v Qung Ngi), ng thi chuyn i c cu cy trng, vt nui ph hp vi c trng ca a phng mnh ( c thc hin ti Tuyn Quang, k Nng, Hi Phng, Ph Yn).

Cc a phng thc y thc hin cng tc u t xy dng, tu b cng trnh phng chng lt, bo, thin tai trong tr trng vo vic kim tra cht lng cc cng trnh, thng xuyn tu b, phng, chng st l b sng, bao phng, chng lt, bo, triu cng kt hp giao thng nng thn, xy dng khu neo u tu thuyn trnh tr bo, p thp nhit i v quan tm thc y trng rng, bo v rng, trng cy chn sng. C th, ti ng Nai, t nm 2001 n 2010, 14 cng trnh tiu, thot l, chng st l b sng c xy dng vi tng kinh ph 93 t ng. Ti Qung Ngi trong nm 2011 hon thnh cc cng trnh k chng st l b sng, sui, cng neo tr tu thuyn, nng cp . Ti thnh ph H Ch Minh, t 2006-2011 xy dng 391 cng trnh vi tng kinh ph 690,3 t ng. Thanh Ha, trong thi gian t 1993 2010 tu b, nng cp h thng iu vi khi lng 13.771.910m3 t, 1.079.280m3 xy lt cc loi v 325.766m3 b tng vi tng kinh ph l 1.544 t ng. ng thi, mi nm tnh to rng mi bng khoanh nui ti sinh v trng mi 35.000 ha, a che ph rng t 36,6% nm 1999 ln khong 46% nm 2011, trng c 2.319 ha rng chn sng, k hoch trng mi 4.166 ha rng ngp mn, phng h ven bin. Hi Phng hon thnh 17 v tr bn, bi ven sng, ven bin, trong c 12 khu neo u trnh tr bo cho tu thuyn c t chc qun l chuyn trch, m bo neo u cho hn 4000 tu thuyn. Xy dng 1 kho chuyn dng, 8 kho qun l v xut xy 14 thp bo thin tai ven bin. Tin Giang xy dng hai khu neo u tu thuyn cho 200 v 300 chic tu cng sut 90CV gm 45 tr neo b c lp v 2 phao bo hiu vi kinh ph trn 2 t ng. Ninh Thun xy dng trng tiu hc kt hp lm ni trnh l cho nhn dn vng b ngp trong khun kh ti tr ca Qu h tr thin tai min trung. Ngoi ra, hng nm trc ma ma bo, cc UBND tnh giao Thanh tra tnh t chc thanh tra cng tc trin khai phng, chng lt, bo ti cc a phng v n v, thanh tra vi phm Php lut v iu, Php lnh phng, chng lt, bo thanh tra v nghim cm vic to ra cc vt lm cn hoc cc hot ng gy kh khn cho vic tiu thot l (nh c thc hin ti Ph Yn, Vnh phc), thnh lp cc t bo v, n v qun l iu, pht hin v x l nghim khc cc vi phm (Thanh Ha, Tuyn Quang).

Ngoi cc hnh thc tuyn, gio dc, ph bin kin thc, cng tc tp hun cc lc lng v t chc din tp b sung, hon thin phng n c cc ngnh, cc cp ch o trin khai thc hin trc mi ma ma, bo. Ti Ty Ninh, trong nm 2007, din tp ti huyn Dng Minh Chu vi 312 ngi tham gia trong 30 ngy t 18/9 n 18/10/2007. Ti Qung Ngi, trong khun kh cc d n: JICA, Gim nh thin tai Qung Ngi, Qun l ri ro thin tai tng hp (WB4), VANGOCA t chc cc t tp hun cho cc c quan qun l thin tai, lc lng tm kim cu nn.

Ngoi ra, cc ngnh, a phng cng bc u ch ng hp tc quc t y mnh hot ng phng, chng lt, bo. Qung Ngi, t 2010 hp tc vi t chc Plan v Hi ch thp M trin khai chng trnh gim thiu v qun l ri ro thin tai cho cng ng. Thnh ph H Ch Minh ng k vi C quan Chin lc Quc t ca Lin hp quc v gim nh thin tai (UNISDR) v K hoch thc hin 10 im thit yu tr thnh thnh ph an ton trc thin tai ca Chin lc ton cu v gim nh thin tai nm 2010-2011.

Phng chm 4 ti ch, tuy cn rt nhiu kh khn nhng cng c nhn thc r v tm quan trng ca phng chm ny i vi tng ngnh, tng cp. Vic chun b cc mt hng thit yu nh: nhu yu phm, ha cht x l nc, x l mi trng, thuc cha bnh, phng dch ch ng khi xy ra thin tai cn gp nhiu kh khn nhng c nhn thc r y l mt trong nhng yu cu i vi cng tc phng, chng thin tai. Cc cp, cc ngnh nghim tc thc hin vic kim tra, b sung vt t d tr phng, chng lt, bo v phng tin phc v nhim v phng, chng lt bo v tm kim cu nn, kim tra vic chun b cc phng n vn chuyn vt t, phng tin khi cn thit kp thi p ng khi c lnh ca cp c thm quyn

1.3.2. Hot ng ng ph

Cc bin php, phng n ng ph thin tai c thc hin theo qui nh ti cc iu 18, 19, 20, 21, 22 v 23 ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo.

Khi c thng tin d bo v thin tai cc phng tin thng tin i chng t trung ng n c s, cc i duyn hi v h thng thng tin chuyn dng ca cc c quan, cc lc lng lin tc cp nht v thng bo v din bin thin tai v cc phng dn ch o ca cc cp, cc ngnh mi t chc, cc nhn bit v ch ng cc bin php phng, trnh, ng ph. Tn sut pht tin c tng theo mc nguy him ca thin tai. Cc cp, cc ngnh kp thi a tin v d bo thin tai v cng tc ch o, iu hnh ca Ban ch huy PBLB. m bo thng tin lin lc ch huy thng sut; t chc trc ban 24/24, theo di cht ch din bin thin tai v tnh hnh thi tit khu vc, trong nc; kp thi chin khai lc lng v phng tin ng cu chng lt bo. V d nh Thanh Ha thnh lp 5 im quan st, thng tin bo bo TKCN theo quy nh, lin lc 24/24 gi vi ng dn trn bin bng my v tuyn in khi c bo v p thp nhit i xy ra; hin c 4 tu cng sut 300-700CV, 4 tu cng sut 25-45CV, 10 ca n 15-85CV v mt s phng tin chuyn dng.

Khi c thng tin cnh bo, d bo thin tai, Ban ch o Phng, chng lt bo Trung ng v y Ban Quc gia tm kim cu nn thng nht cc ni dung ch o v ban hnh cng in gi n cc a phng v cc B, ngnh lin quan trin khai cc bin php chun b ng ph. Cn c thng tin d bo,cc a phng c kh nng chu nh hng ca thin tai v cc b, ngnh lin quan trin khai c th cc phng n ng ph, phng n bo v dn c , cng trnh, phng tin hot ng thy, hi sn trn bin, ven bin, vng ca sng.mi a phng u trin khai ton din cc bin php ng ph trn a bn, phn cng cn b ph trch v ch o c th tng lnh vc,tng a bn phi hp vi cc ngnh v chnh quyn trin khai thc hin. Ban ch o Phng, chng lt bo Trung ng v y Ban Quc gia tm kim cu nn phi hp ca cc on cng tc n cc a phng phi hp kim tra, n c vic trin khai cc phng n i ph vi thin tai. Trng Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng v Ch tch y ban nhn dn cp tnh trong phm vi quyn hn c giao quyt nh vic xut, cp vt t d tr Phng, chng lt , bo cng c, x l cc s c bo o an ton cng trnh phng, chng thin tai nh iu, p v cng trnh u mi h cha nc v cc cng trnh lin quan n phng, chng lt, bo.

Khi thin tai c nguy c uy hip trc tip, Chnh ph ban hnh cng in ch o cc ngnh, cc cp trin khai ton din cc bin php ng ph. ng thi lnh o Chnh ph ch tr hp vi Ban ch o Phng, chng lt bo Trung ng v y Ban Quc gia tm kim cu nn v cc c quan lin quan bn cc bin php v ch o trin khai ng ph. Chnh ph c cc on cng tc n cc a bn c kh nng chu nh hng ca thin tai n c, ch o vic trin khai cc bin php ng ph thin tai, lnh o Chnh ph cng trc tip n a bn kim tra, n c cc bin php ng ph. Nhiu trng hp Chnh ph lp Ban ch huy tin phng ti khu vc c kh nng xy ra thin ta, lnh o Chnh ph, lnh o Ban Ch o Phng chng lt bo Trung ng v Lnh o y ban Quc gia Tm kim cu nn trc tip ch o cc bin php ng ph. Khi thin tai xy ra lc lng v trang thc s l nng ct trong ng ph, tm kim cu nn v gip nhn dn khc phc hu qu, phi hp cc lc lng gi gn an ninh, trt t v hng dn giao thng khu vc b thin tai.

Cc phng tin thng tin i chng t trung ng n a phng, cc i chuyn dng v h thng thng tin hng hi, thng tin ca b i bin phng v cc n v v trang lin tc cung cp thng tin mi t chc, mi cng dn bit v ch ng cc bin php phng, trnh, ng ph.

Cc phng tin cu h, cu nn chuyn dng, cc phng tin ca lc lng v trang v mt s phng tin ca h gia nh c s dng cho cng tc cu h, cu nn.

Vic cung cp nhu yu phm ch yu nh lng thc, nc ung, ha cht x l nc v b tr ch tm thi c trin khai kp thi gip nhn dn vng b thin tai c lp, vng b ngp su hoc nhng gia nh b mt nh, sp nh. y l truyn thng tt p ca cc th h ngi Vit Nam khi hon nn. Phi ni rng khi thin tai xy ra th c h thng chnh tr vo cuc vi trch nhim cao v tinh thn tng thn tng i ca cng ng.

Khi xy ra tnh hung khn cp v bo, l, Chnh ph quyt nh cc bin php x l, nm 1999 khi l cao xy ra trn din rng ti cc tnh duyn hi min trung, Chnh ph quyt nh lp cu hng khng Gia lm (H Ni) - Ph Bi (Tha Thin Hu) v Nng. Giao ngnh Giao thng ch o Tng cng ty ng st Vit Nam kt hp vn chuyn hnh khch v hng ha t Thnh ph H Ch Minh ra v t H Ni vo vn chuyn hng cu tr v cc phng tin thit yu phc v ng ph thin tai.

ng ph kp thi, khc phc c hiu qu l phng chm trong phng, chng lt bo v thc t chng minh qua kt qu t c trong nhng nm qua.

1.3.3. Hot ng khc phc hu qu

Khc phc hu qu lt, bo c thc hin theo qui nh ti cc iu 24, 24 v 26 ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo. Khi bo, lt xy ra vic khc phc hu qu c thc hin bao gm vic cu h ngi, ti sn.

Nhim v u tin trong khc phc hu qu thin tai l trin khai nhim v tm kim, cu nn, cu h ngi, ti sn, cu cha ngi b thng, mai tng ngi b thit mng. Trong nhng nm qua cc a phng b thin tai phi hp vi cc lc lng v chnh quyn a phng x l c hiu qu nhim v ny.

Trong thin tai vic thiu lng thc xy ra do nhiu nguyn nhn ch quan, khch quan nhng Chnh ph ch o cc ngnh, cc cp khng c ngi dn no i, rt. V vy, cn c mc thit hi t kt qu thng k, nh gi ban u ca cc a phng v cc vn bn ngh ca y ban nhn dn cp tnh, Ban ch o Phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng phi hp cng Vn phng Chnh ph, cc B: K hoch v u t, Ti Chnh, Lao ng, Thng binh v X hi xem xt trnh Chnh ph Quyt nh vic h tr lng thc (go) t ngun d tr quc gia cp cho nhn dn v h tr ti chnh t ngun ngn sch d phng tu sa, khi phc cng trnh h tng thit yu nh giao thng, thy li, in; h tr ging cy trng gip a phng phc hi sn xut v n nh i sng nhn dn; xem xt vic cho vay hoc khoanh n i vi cc h dn gp kh khn to thun li cho nhn dn phc hi sn sut; h tr bng tin i vi cc h c ngi cht, b thng, cc h b mt nh hoc nh b h hi theo qui nh.

B Y t ch o vic cp b sung cc c s thuc thit yu phc v vic cha bnh, cung cp ha cht x l nc v v sinh mi trng phng, chng dch bnh. Cc lc lng xung kch ca a phng phi hp vi cc lc lng v trang gip nhn dn khc phc hu qu, sa cha nh v cc cng trnh nh trng hc, trm y t m bo vic hc tp ca hc sinh v m bo yu cu khm, cha bnh cho nhn dn.

Cc a phng ch ng trin khai nhim v khc phc hu qu trn a bn v ch o cc c quan, t chc thuc a bn qun l phi hp trin khai nhim v khc phc hu qu thin tai.

Cc t chc, cc nhn cng chung tay, vn ng, quyn gp, ng vin chia s vi ng bo vng b thin tai trong vic cu tr thin tai vi tinh thn l lnh m l rch th hin tnh cm su sc ca mi ngi dn, mi t chc i vi vng ng khi gp hon nn.

Kt qu trin khai thc hin Php lnh v cc quy nh php lut c lin quan v phng chng thin tai bc u thu c cc kt qu ng khch l, lm gim thit hi v ngi, ti sn v c s h tng. Trong phm vi bo co ny ch cp con s thng k v thit hi v ngi do lt, bo gy ra trong 16 nm quan k t nm 1996 n thng 11 nm 2011.

NmS ngi chtS ngi mt tchGhi ch

19961128115

19979412142Mt tch trn bin khu vc nam b do cn bo LINDA

199839935

199982475

200073712L cao ng bng sng Cu Long

200160425L cao ng bng sng Cu Long

20023534L cao ng bng sng Cu Long

20031806

200424038

200538423

2006339274Mt tch trong cn bo Chanchu

200739131

200847464

200942628

201026696

201121225

1.4. V cng tc qun l hot ng phng, chng lt, bo

S phi hp gia cc B, Ngnh Trung ng, nht l cc ngnh - thnh vin ca Ban ch o Phng chng lt bo Trung ng c thc hin cht ch hn, th hin tinh thn trch nhim ca cc B, Ngnh i vi cng tc phng chng lt bo.

B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn vi vai tr thng trc cho Ban ch o phng, chng lt, bo trung ng thc hin tt s ch o vi cc S NN&PTNT, ng thi phi hp vi cc b ngnh hu quan qun l hot ng phng, chng lt, bo.

Cc b, ngnh khc phi hp vi B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn trong vic qun l hot ng phng, chng lt, bo, c th nh sau:

Cc b K hoch - u t, Ti Chnh trong nhng nm qua tham mu cho Chnh ph dnh s quan tm nhiu hn n cng tc phng chng lt bo v gim nh thin tai. Trong khi ngun ti chnh cn hn ch, hng nm Nh nc vn u t kh nhiu kinh ph cho cng tc phng chng lt bo v gim nh thin tai, gp phn cng c vng chc hn cc cng trnh phng chng lt bo v n nh i sng nhn dn.

B Quc phng ch o cc Qun khu v B ch huy Qun s cc tnh xy dng cc phng n, k hoch tc chin c th; phi hp vi cc a phng t chc din tp ng cu x l cc tnh hung khn cp, din tp tm kim cu nn; tng cng kim tra cng tc chun b cu h v cng cc a phng trc tip tham gia c hiu qu vic cu h nhn dn mi khi thin tai xy ra.

B Cng an hng nm c k hoch cng tc phng, chng lt, bo c th ca lc lng cnh st nhn dn, xy dng phng n i vi tng tnh hung thin tai, c phng n bo v cc mc tiu trng im nh h, p, iu, thy in, trn phn l. Phi hp vi cc ban, ngnh lin quan gii quyt dt im mt s vi phm v iu, thot l...

Trung tm Kh tng Thy vn Quc gia thuc B Ti nguyn v Mi trng phi hp cht ch, thng tin kp thi tnh hnh d bo din bin KTTV gp phn ch ng hn cho cng tc t chc ch o, xy dng cc phng n iu hnh theo tnh th. Nhng tin b khoa hc, cng ngh trong cng tc d bo v thng tin trong cc nm qua cho php chng ta ngy cng nng cao nng lc v cht lng ca cng tc d bo, cnh bo v ch o phng, chng lt, bo cng nh thu thp thng tin v nh hng ca thin tai c bin php i ph, ng cu kp thi.

B Bu chnh Vin thng c phng n phng, chng v, m bo an ton thng tin lin lc cc a phng, n v phc v cng tc ch o v khc phc hu qu lt, bo. Xy dng cc tnh hung gi nh c th xy ra tp dt v rt kinh nghim, b sung cc phng tin, thit b st vi tnh hnh thc t tng a phng, chun b y lc lng, phng tin, trang thit b thng tin, kinh ph... ng cu thng tin khi lt, bo xy ra.

B Giao thng Vn ti c phng n i ph c th i vi cc s c cho ton b h thng cng trnh giao thng, pht hin v x l kp thi nhng h hng ca cng trnh, m bo vic thng ng, thng tuyn nhanh nht trong ma l, bo. T chc trc 24/24h gii quyt mi tnh hung xu khi thin tai xy ra.

B Lao ng - Thng binh v X hi xy dng c ch tr cp c th cho nhng gia nh b nh hng trc tip ca thin tai (Ngh nh s 67) to iu kin thun li cho cc cp, cc ngnh thc hin kp thi cng tc cu tr mi khi thin tai gy thit hi.

B Gio dc v o to iu chnh thi gian ngh h v thi gian bt u nm hc mi i vi hc sinh vng ngp l ng bng sng Cu Long cho ph hp, to iu kin thun li hc sinh c th n trng y , khng b gin on do nh hng ngp lt.

B Xy dng phi hp vi B Nng nghip v PTNT v cc tnh tin hnh lp qui hoch xy dng cc tuyn dn c ng bng sng Cu long: Tuyn knh Tn Thnh - L Gch di 70km cho 8000 ngi; Tuyn knh Vnh T di 90km cho 12.000 ngi; Tuyn Thch Ho - Thanh Bnh di 110 km, cho 60.000 ngi; Tuyn Long Xuyn - Tri Tn - Hn t di 70 km, cho 66700 ngi; Tuyn QL.80 - knh Ci Sn di 58,5km, cho 80.900 ngi...

Cc b, ngnh khc theo chc nng phi hp kp thi vi Ban ch o phng, chng lt, boTW trong cng tc phng chng v khc phc hu qu thin tai gp phn gim n mc thp nht thit hi thin tai v n nh i sng nhn dn.

2. Kh khn, bt cp v nguyn nhn

Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo i vo cuc sng v gp phn mang li nhng kt qu nh nu trn. Tuy nhin khi thc thi php lnh cn c nhiu kh khn, vng mc, trong bo co ny xin c cp n cc vn c th nh sau:

2.1. Mt s hn ch ca cc quy nh trong Php lnh v cc vn bn c lin quan Ti Khon 1 iu 11 ca Php lnh qui nh: Qun l, bo v cc cng trnh phng, chng lt bo; ngn chn cc hnh vi c nguy c gy h hi hoc hy hoi cng trnh phng, chng lt, bo v cng trnh c lin quan n phng, chng lt, bo. Trong thc t, vic khai thc vt liu nh t ct bi sng, lng sng, lm l gch, lp bn bi tp kt vt liu trn bi sng, thm tr c ni s dng c bi sng xy dng nh, cng trnh. Vic x l theo qui nh ca php lut cn c s phi hp lin ngnh. Tuy nhin, mt s ni chnh quyn c s v cc c quan bo v php lut cha quan tm y cha coi trng vic xem xt x l, c quan chuyn mn ca ngnh nng nghip ch c thm quyn lp bin bn kin ngh x l hoc tm nh ch nhng khng c thm quyn x pht vi phm hnh chnh.

C nhng qui nh trong php lnh hin hnh khng cn ph hp hoc cha y , nh mt phn ni dung ca khon 2 iu 21 quy nh dn chiu n cc iu 28, 29, 30 v 31 ca Php lnh Lao ng ngha v cng ch. nhng hin ti php lnh ny ht hiu lc t ngy 01/01 nm 2007.

Khon 2 iu 27 ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt bo v Ngh nh s 50-CP ngy 10 thng 5 nm 1997 ca Chnh ph qui nh v quy ch s dng Qu phng chng lt, bo do nhn dn ng gp. Quy nh ny n nay khng cn ph hp vi thc t do mc thu i vi doanh nghip qu thp ng thi quy nh v ch ti khon to ra kh khn cho vic qun l v s dng. ng thi, mt s a phng hiu nhm quy nh ny nn khng thu Qu phng, chng lt, bo ti a phng dn n vic thiu nht qun v thiu kinh ph thc hin hot ng phng, chng lt, bo.

Khon 5 iu 11 Php lnh qui nh v vic d tr lng thc, nhu yu phm thit yu, thuc cha bnh ti nhng ni xung yu, him tr s dng khi cp thit. y l qui nh rt cn thit. Tuy nhin, cc loi hng ha ny u c thi hn s dng, V vy, trn thc t bc l nhng kh khn khi cn b sung, lun chuyn hoc thanh l hng ho d tr m bo thi hn s dng.

Cc hn ch ca cc vn bn php lut v phng chng thin tai c cp phn I ca Bo co ny.

2.2. Thch thc hin nay i vi cng tc phng chng thin tai

Trong nhiu nm qua, Chnh ph ch o cc b ngnh v a phng u tin u t, t chc thc hin nhiu chng trnh, d n trng im to dng, b sung c s vt cht, k thut, khoa hc cng ngh, nng cao nhn thc cng ng trong phng chng lt bo, gim nh thin tai. Vic xy dng h thng sng, bin, hng ngn h cha nc ln nh phc v ct gim l, iu tit nc, pht in trn nhng lu vc sng, cc cng trnh ti, tiu thy li, kim sot l, cng trnh chng st l, khu neo u tu thuyn trnh bo v h thng rng phng h gp phn quan trng nng cao kh nng bo v ngi dn trc thin tai. Tuy nhin, thc trng cng tc phng chng thin tai vn cn gp nhiu thch thc, i hi cn c s tng cng qun l ca nh nc v c c ch, chnh sch php lut ng b v mnh gii quyt tc hi ca thin tai.

Th nht, hot ng phng chng thin tai hin nay, do cha nhn lc v vt lc, thng mi ch tp trung vo giai on ng ph v khc phc hu qu m cha ch trng nhiu vo giai on phng nga v gim thiu ri ro. Lut ngn sch nh nc quy nh d phng ngn sch cho phng chng lt, bo v cc nhu cu cp bch khc l t 2% n 5% ngn sch, khng c mt t l c th ring cho phng chng lt, bo. T l ny thng khng chi tr cho cc chi ph phng chng lt, bo v thng khi xy ra lt, bo th cng khng cn nhiu, c bit l i vi nhng a phng ngho, a bn kh khn ni thin tai thng xuyn xy ra. Mc d hin nay vn c nhng quy nh v vic ng gp ca ngi dn vo qu phng chng lt bo ca a phng theo quy nh ca Ngh nh s 50/CP ngy 10/5/1997, nhng mc trn thu i vi doanh nghip v quy nh thu i vi cc h dn ngho, cc a bn kh khn khng cn ph hp vi thc t hin nay. V d, mc ng gp ca doanh nghip l khng qu 5 triu l qu thp. Mt s a phng khng trin khai thu trn thc t do hiu v gii thch cc quy nh cha chnh xc v nhm hiu tin ng gp vo qu vi cc loi ph c bi b. Cc ngun ng gp ca x hi thng trn c s t nguyn, nhm mc ch cu tr sau khi thin tai xy ra. Gn nh cha c s u t ca x hi vo vic xy dng cc cng trnh phng chng thin tai hoc cng trnh a mc tiu kt hp phng chng thin tai, cung cp cc dch v trong hot ng phng chng thin tai, bao gm c dch v bo him, dch v phn phi, cung cp hng cu tr. Do vy, cn huy ng nhng ngun ti chnh c th hn na t ngn sch nh nc, kt hp vi cc ngun ng gp a dng ca cng ng tng cng ngun lc cho hot ng phng chng thin tai. Th hai, qun l nh nc v cng tc phng chng thin tai cn cha thng nht t trung ng n a phng, c ch phi hp cn hon thin hn na nng cao tnh hiu qu. Mt s c ch nh Ban ch o phng, chng lt bo trung ng v Ban ch huy cp a phng c lp ra qun l cng tc phng chng lt, bo nhng chc nng qun l vt qua tiu ch, mc tiu ban u. Theo quy nh ca Ngh nh s 14/2010/N-CP, thm quyn v trch nhim ca Ban ch o trung ng v cc Ban ch huy ny c m rng n 13 loi thin tai khc nhau, trong bao gm c ng t v sng thn. Ngoi ra, do cc thnh vin u hot ng kim nhim, nn hu ht cng vic c dn vo vn phng thng trc khin cho cng vic lun qu ti, nht l vo cc giai on thng xuyn c thin tai. Cc cn b phi trc ban 24/24 nhng cng tc trc ban cn nhiu kh khn do vt qu quy nh v gi lm thm ca mt ngi, khng ph hp vi Lut Lao ng. Ch i vi cc thnh vin ca cc t i xung kch thnh lp ti cc x, phng, th trn cha c quy nh. Ngoi ra, u mi hp tc quc t v thin tai thng c giao v Trung tm phng chng thin tai thuc Tng cc thy li B NN&PTNT. Mc d Trung tm ny mi c nng cp nhng khi lng v phm vi ca cng vic thng vt qu quy m ca Trung tm v nhn lc v vt lc.Th ba, hot ng phng nga cha c y mnh v u tin ng tm dn n mt s hn ch. Vic nghin cu p dng tin b khoa hc, k thut trong d bo thin tai cha c y mnh khin cng tc d bo, cnh bo i khi cn cha chnh xc v kp thi. Din tp phng, chng lt, bo v cc dng thin tai khc cha c t chc thng xuyn. Vic lng ghp ni dung phng chng thin tai vo quy hoch, k hoch pht trin kinh t - x hi ca cc a phng cn hn ch. S phi hp gia cc s ngnh, a phng cha thc s cht ch v ng b do hn ch v nhn lc, kinh ph. Vic qun l, bo v cng trnh phng chng thin tai cha hiu qu, vn xy ra tnh trng xy dng tri php, gy nh hng n cng trnh, xm phm rng u ngun, rng phng h, trong khi vic x l vi phm cha trit . Ngoi ra, vic giao t, cho thu t trong hnh lang bo v cng trnh phng chng thin tai gy kh khn trong gii phng mt bng khi tu b, nng cp v bo v cng trnh. Vic x l cc cng trnh trn bi sng trin khai chm do mt s cng trnh vi phm c trc khi Php lnh Phng chng lt bo v Lut iu c hiu lc thi hnh. ng thi, s lng cng trnh nhiu, kinh ph cho di di qu ln trong khi ngun vn v qu t cho ti nh c hn ch dn n vic xy dng cng c cc cng trnh phng chng thin tai cha t c hiu qu nh mong mun.

Th t, hot ng ng ph cng cn c nhng im cha hon thin. H thng thng tin phc v d bo v cnh bo cha y , phng thc t chc cnh bo ti ngi dn cha tt nn hiu qu khng cao, thng tin trn bin cn b ng. Cng tc tm kim cu nn cn thiu trang thit b chuyn dng v lc lng chuyn nghip. Cng tc di ri dn khi khu vc xy ra thin tai cha thc s hiu qu do nhn thc hn ch v tm l tic ca ca ngi dn.

Th nm, cng tc khc phc hu qu thin tai sau bo l cc a phng cha thc s pht huy phng chm 4 ti ch. Chnh quyn a phng ni b thin tai trin khai khc phc hu qu, n nh i sng, sinh hot, sn xut ca nhn dn cn chm. Vic thanh ton chi ph khi hot ng lc lng, vt t, phng tin cho phng, chng lt, bo t ngun qu phng, chng lt, bo v lao ng cng ch do nhn dn ng gp kh thc hin v thc t ti cc a phng khng thu c qu phng, chng lt, bo do ngi dn ng gp.Th su, cng tc tuyn truyn, ph bin, gio dc php lut v kin thc v phng chng lt bo v thin tai cha c thc hin thng xuyn v thiu h thng dn ti hiu bit v nhn thc v cng tc phng chng thin tai cha su sc, dn n tm l ch quan. Nng lc v thc cng ng trong qun l thin tai vn cn nhiu hn ch.

Th by, cc v vi phm cha c pht hin, ngn chn v x l kp thi ngay t khi mi pht sinh, nht l vi phm hnh lang thot l; nhn thc v trch nhim trong vic ngn chn v x l vi phm ca lnh o cc huyn, th v cc x, phng v qun chng cha ng, cha y dn n tnh trng khng thc hin cc ngha v lin quan n phng chng thin tai nh khng chp hnh lnh s tn, xm phm cng trnh phng chng thin tai, cu tr khng ng mc ch vn xy ra trn thc t. Cc ch ti x l cc vi phm ny c nhng cha y v c th nn vic x pht cha nghim v kh p dng trn thc t.

III. Kin ngh pht huy nhng thnh tu t c, ng thi khc phc nhng kh khn thch thc nng cao hiu qu ca cng tc phng, chng lt, bo ni ring v phng chng thin tai ni chung, B Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn xin kin ngh mt s im c th nh sau:

1. Phng chng thin tai ni chung v phng, chng lt, bo ni ring l nhim v thng xuyn ca cc cp, cc ngnh v mi cng dn. Vit Nam l quc gia thng xuyn chu tc ng ca thin tai, c bit l bo, l, l qut, ngp lt, st l tnhng thp nin gn y thin tai c xu th gia tng v cng , tn sut xut hin v a dng v loi hnh; nhng d bo v tc ng ca bin i kh hu ton cu, nc bin dng s tc ng n mi quc gia tng mc khc nhau, Vit Nam l mt trong s nhng quc gia c cnh bo s c th chi tc ng nng n ca cc tc ng ca bin i kh hu v nc bin dn. m bo yu cu pht trin bn vng kinh t - x hi, nhim v phng, chng thin tai ngy tr ln cp bch. Thin tai nhng nm gn y cho thy khng ch l bo, l, ngp lt m tnh a dng ca cc loi hnh thin tai ngy cng r hn. Cng tc d bo kh tng, thy vn; nhng qui nh v bo tin ng t, cnh bo sng thn mi ch dng Qui ch. Mt s vn bn qui phm php lut cng c cp n yu t thin tai nhng ch phm vi hp hoc ch nu hin tng nhng khng c nhng rng buc php l cht ch nn khng th thc hin c hiu qu.

2. Phng chng thin tai nc ta trong nhng nm gn y mang li nhng hiu qu to ln vi s quan tm ca ng, nh nc. Khi xy ra thin tai th c h thng chnh tr v ton x hi vo cuc vi trch nhim cao. Tuy nhin, trn thc chng ta vn cn b ng v mi ch tp trung cho cc hot ng ng ph, x l tnh hung v khc phc hu qu. V vy, cn c gii php tng th, ph hp v chuyn dn sang cc hot ng ch ng phng nga.

3. m bo pht trin kinh t - x hi bn vng, vic hon thin h thng vn bn qui phm php lut l mt trong nhng yu t quyt nh s thnh cng. Nhn chung cc vn bn qui phm php lut hin hnh c lin quan n phng chng thin tai u do cc c quan chuyn mn c Chnh ph phn cng ch tr son tho. V vy, cc c quan son tho thng tp trung vo nhim v qun l ca ngnh xy dng vn bn, cc yu t lin quan n thin tai c c qui nh trong vn bn nhng ch phm vi hp i vi lnh vc qun l ca tng b, ngnh. V vy, c cc vn bn u thy c ni dung phng, chng thin tai nhng ch hn ch tng lnh vc chuyn mn hp v ni dung phn tn, manh mn khng ng b, kh thc hin. Hu ht cc vn bn ny c ban hnh trong thi k cha c t chc, c nhn no cp n yu t Bin i kh hu ton cu. Mt s ni dung rt quan trng trong phng, trnh nhm hn ch v gim nh thit hi do thin tai gy ra. Hin ti cha c vn bn qui phm php lut iu chnh mt cch tng th nhim v phng chng thin tai. T nhng l do c cp ti phn II ca bo co ny cho thy vn bn qui phm php lut v phng chng thin tai cn mt khong trng rt ln. V vy, cn c Lut Phng chng thin tai iu chnh ton b cc ni dung phng chng thin tai Vit Nam.

4. Lut Phng chng thin tai cn tip tc k tha cc quy nh hiu qu ca khung php lut hin hnh, ng thi b sung cc quy nh iu chnh mt s vn nh sau:

- Xc nh cc ni dung hot ng phng chng thin tai theo hng chuyn trng tm sang phng nga, ng thi nhn mnh n cc bin php xy dng nng lc v nng cao nhn thc ca cng ng nhm thch ng vi thin tai.

- Xc nh trch nhim ca c nhn, t chc, c quan c thm quyn trong phng chng thin tai, trong ch trng n vai tr ca cng ng. c bit, b sung nhng rng buc php l v trch nhim ca cc t chc kinh t i vi nhim v phng, chng thin tai. Thc t cc t chc ny c hng li t cc cng trnh phng, chng thin tai do nh nc u t, hoc gan tip hng li t nhng quyt nh ch o ca cc c quan nh nc c thm quyn v phng, chng thin tai, nhng quyt nh ph duyt, trin khai cc cng trnh h tng, cng trnh phng, chng thin tai to thun li v bo m an ton cho sn xut kinh doanh pht trin. V vy, cn phi c qui nh v ngha v ca cc t chc kinh t m bo tnh cng bng.

- Qui nh r v thng nht trn phm vi ton quc v nh gi thit hi do thin tai gy ra trnh tnh trng nh hin nay, mi ngnh, mi a phng thng k nh gi thit hi theo cc phng php khc nhau dn n vic xem xt, h tr gp nhiu kha khn, thm tr c trng hp phi xc minh li.

- Quy nh v cng tc cu tr thin tai. Hin nay, ngun cu tr do cc t chc, c nhn ng h cha c qun l thng nht. C tnh trng t chc, c nhn t n cc vng b thin tai phn pht hng cu tr dn n tnh trng kh qun l, khng m bo cng bng v kh kim sot cht lng hng ha.

- Qui nh v ngun lc cho cng tc phng, chng thin tai trnh b ng nh hin nay, sau khi thin tai xy ra phi s dng ngun ngn sch d phng ca nh nc h tr.

- Qui nh thng nht, ph hp v t chc b my v c quan thng trc v phng chng thin tai v tm kim cu nn, hin ti cha c s thng nht trn phm vi c nc, cn b lm nhim v thng trc phng chng thin tai hin ti lm vic theo ch kim nhim. V vy, kh c th ton tm, ton lc cho nhim v v h qu l cht lng cng tc khng c, kh tch ly kinh nghim. Mt khc hin ti cng tc phng, chng lt, bo mt s ngnh, a phng hot ng theo ma nn hiu qu b hn ch.

- 4 ti ch l phng chm ng v c hiu qu nu chun b tt. V vy, cn lut ha phng chm 4 ti ch v c nhng qui nh v chnh sch u t, c ch qun l v s dng.

- Tuyn truyn, ph bin kin thc v php lut v phng chng thin tai cn xem xt a vo chng trnh gio dc ngoi kha hoc lng nghp vi mn hc ph hp cc cp gio dc ph thng v o to bc i hc. a ni dung phng chng thin tai da vo cng ng thnh ni dung sinh hot ca cc t chc x hi, cc t chc chnh tr x hi v ton th qun chng.

- Quy nh lng ghp ni dung phng chng thin tai vo qui hoch, k hach, chng trnh, n, d n pht trin kinh t - x hi v coi y l iu kin bt buc phi thc hin./.

Ni nhn:

- Th tng Chnh ph ( b/c);

- Ph Th tng Hong Trung Hi ( b/c);

- U ban Php lut ca Quc hi ( phi hp);

- y ban Khoa hc, Cng ngh, v Mi trng ca Quc hi ( phi hp);

- Vn phng Chnh ph ( phi hp);

- Thnh vin BST Lut Phng chng thin tai;

- Lu: VT, Tng cc Thu li.B TRNG

Cao c Pht

PH LC

Ph lc 1: Danh mc cc vn bn php lut c ban hnh c lin quan n phng chng thin tai

STTLoi vn bnS vn bnTn vn bnC quan ban hnhThi gian

1. Lut8/1998/QHLut Ti nguyn ncQuc hi01/06/1998

2. Lut11/2008/QH12 Lut hot ng ch thp Quc hi03/06/2008

3. Lut15/2008/QH12 Lut trng mua, trng dng ti snQuc hi06/03/2008

4. Lut01/2002/QH11 Lut Ngn sch nh nc Quc hi16/12/2002

5. Lut13/2003/QH11Lut t aiQuc hi26/11/2003

6. Lut52/2005/QH11 Lut bo v mi trngQuc hi29/11/2005

7. Lut79/2006/QH11Lut iuQuc hi29/11/2006

8. Php lnh09/1993/L-CTN-TVQH9Php lnh Phng chng lt boUBTVQH20/03/1993

9. Php lnh20/2000/PL-UBTVQH10Php lnh tnh trng khn cpUBTVQH04/04/2000

10. Php lnh03/2001/L-CTN-TVQH10Php lnh khai thc v bo v cng trnh thy liUBTVQH15/04/2001

11. Php lnh27/2000/PL-UBTVQHPhp lnh sa i mt s iu ca Php lnh Phng chng lt bo (20/3/1993)UBTVQH24/08/2000

12. Php lnh17/2004/PL-UBTVQH11Php lnh d tr quc giaUBTVQH29/4/2004

13. Ngh nh168/1990/N-HBTQuy nh v t chc, nhim v ca Ban ch o Phng, chng lt bo Trung ng v Ban ch huy phng, chng lt bo cc cp, cc ngnhChnh ph19/05/1990

14. Ngh nh50/1997/N-CPQuy ch thnh lp v hot ng ca Qu phng, chng lt, bo ca a phngChnh ph05/10/1997

15. Ngh nh62/1999/N-CPQuy ch v phn l, chm l thuc H thng sng Hng bo v an ton cho th H NiChnh ph31/07/1999

16. Ngh nh71/2002/N-CPQuy nh chi tit thi hnh mt s iu ca Php lnh tnh trng khn cp trong trng hp c thm ho ln, dch bnh nguy himChnh ph23/07/2002

17. Ngh nh196/2004/N-CPQuy nh chi tit thi hnh Php lnh d tr quc giaChnh ph12/02/2004

18. Ngh nh78/2005/N-CPQuy nh v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v sc phc ca lc lng chuyn trch qun l iuChnh ph06/10/2005

19. Ngh nh08/2006/N-CP

Quy nh chi tit mt s iu

ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo

c sa i, b sung ngy 24 thng 8 nm 2000Chnh ph

16/01/2006

20. Ngh nh67/2007/N-CPChnh sch tr gip cc i tng bo tr x hiChnh ph13/04/2007

21. Ngh nh113/2007/N-CPQuy nh chi tit v hng dn thi hnh mt s iu ca Lut iuChnh ph28/06/2007

22. Ngh nh129/2007/N-CPQuy nh x pht vi phm hnh chnh v iuChnh ph08/02/2007

23. Ngh nh148/2007/N-CPT chc, hot ng ca qu x hi, qu t thinChnh ph25/09/2007

24. Ngh nh112/2008/N-CPQun l, bo v, khai thc tng hp ti nguyn v mi trng cc h cha thu in, thu liChnh ph20/10/2008

25. Ngh nh13/2010/N-CP V sa i, b sung mt s iu ca Ngh nh s 67/2007/N-CP ngy 13 thng 4 nm 2007 ca Chnh ph v chnh sch tr gip cc i tng bo tr x hi Chnh ph27/02/2010

26. Ngh nh93/2009/N-CP Ban hnh Quy ch qun l v s dng vin tr phi Chnh ph nc ngoi Chnh ph 22/10/2009

27. Ngh nh117/2008/N-CPNgh nh v phng th dn sChnh ph14/11/2008

28. Ngh nh64/2008/N-CP Ngh nh v vn ng, tip nhn, phn phi v s dng cc ngun ng gp t nguyn h tr nhn dn khc phc kh khn do thin tai, ho hon, s c nghim trng, cc bnh nhn mc bnh him nghoChnh ph14/5/2008

29. Ngh nh14/2010/N-CPv t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban ch o Phng, chng lt, bo trung ng, Ban ch huy Phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn ca B, ngnh v a phngChnh ph27/02/2010

30. Ngh nh73/2003/N-CP Ban hnh Quy ch xem xt quyt nh d ton v phn b ngn sch a phng, ph chun quyt ton ngn sch a phngChnh ph23/06/2003

31. Ch th07/1998/CT-TTgXy dng k hoch tm kim - cu nn t Trung ng n cc a phngTh tng Chnh ph05/02/1998

32. Ch th32/2004/CT-TTgMt s bin php phng, trnh l qut cc tnh min niTh tng Chnh ph17/09/2004

33. Ch th08/2008/CT-TTgCng tc phng, chng thin tai, lt, bo v tm kim cu nn nm 2008Th tng Chnh ph26/02/2008

34. Ch th580/CT-TTgCng tc phng, chng thin tai, lt, bo v tm kim cu nn nm 2009Th tng Chnh ph06/05/2009

35. Quyt nh668/1997/Q-TTgPhng hng, bin php gim nh thin tai v nhng chng trnh ch yu pht trin kinh t - x hi cc tnh ven bin min TrungTh tng Chnh ph22/08/1997

36. Quyt nh185/1999/Q-TTgChnh sch h tr i vi vng phn l, chm l thuc h thng sng HngTh tng Chnh ph14/09/1999

37. Quyt nh21/2000/Q-TTgCh nh thu i vi cng tc xy dng tu b iuTh tng Chnh ph16/02/2000

38. Quyt nh63/2002/Q-TTgCng tc phng, chng lt, bo, gim nh thin taiTh tng Chnh ph20/05/2001

39. Quyt nh46/2006/Q-TTgPh duyt n Quy hoch tng th lnh vc tm kim cu nn n nm 2015, tm nhn n nm 2020 Th tng Chnh ph28/02/2006

40. Quyt nh179/Q-TTGQuyt nh v ch ph cp u i theo ngh i vi lc lng tm kim cu nn hng hi Th tng Chnh ph07/08/2006

41. Quyt nh193/2006/Q-TTgPh duyt Chng trnh b tr dn c cc vng: thin tai, c bit kh khn, bin gii, hi o, di c t do, xung yu v rt xung yu ca rng phng h, khu bo v nghim ngt ca rng c dng giai on 2006 - 2010 v nh hng n nm 2015Th tng Chnh ph24/08/2006

42. Quyt nh245/2006/Q-TTgQuy ch bo p thp nhit i, bo, lTh tng Chnh ph27/10/2006

43. Quyt nh264/2006/Q-TTgQuy ch bo tin ng t, cnh bo sng thnTh tng Chnh ph16/11/2006

44. Quyt nh285/2006/Q-TTgNi dung thm quyn ban hnh v t chc thc hin Quy trnh vn hnh h cha thy inTh tng Chnh ph25/12/2006

45. Quyt nh78/2007/Q-TTgBan hnh quy ch phng, chng ng t, sng thnTh tng Chnh ph29/05/2007

46. Quyt nh80/2007/Q-TTgBan hnh Quy trnh vn hnh lin h cha thu in Ho Bnh, Tuyn Quang, Thc B trong ma l hng nmTh tng Chnh ph01/06/2007

47. Quyt nh118/2007/Q-TTgQuy ch qun l ti chnh i vi hot ng tm kim cu nn, cu h, ng ph thin tai, thm haTh tng Chnh ph25/07/2007

48. Quyt nh124/2007/Q-TTgQuy ch qun l trang thit b tm kim, cu nnTh tng Chnh ph31/07/2007

49. Quyt nh124/2007/Q-TTG V vic ban hnh quy ch qun l trang thit b tm kim cu nnTh tng Chnh ph31/07/2007

50. Quyt nh1656/2007/Q-TTgPh duyt danh mc quy nh chi tit cc chng loi trang thit b tm kim, cu nn v danh mc cc d n u t sn xut, mua sm trang thit b tm kim, cu nn n nm 2015Th tng Chnh ph06/12/2007

51. Quyt nh1656/Q-TTG Ph duyt danh mc quy nh chi tit cc chng loi trang thit b tm kim, cu nn v danh mc cc d n u t sn xut, mua sm trang thit b tm kim, cu nn n nm 2015 Th tng Chnh ph06/12/2007

52. Quyt nh158/2008/Q-TTg Ph duyt Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia v bin i kh huTh tng Chnh ph02/02/2008

53. Quyt nh148/2008/Q-TTG V ch ph cp c th i bin i vi cng chc, vin chc, cng nhn, nhn vin trn tu tm kim cu nn hng hi Th tng Chnh ph20/11/2008

54. Quyt nh6/2009/Q-TTG Ph duyt K hoch thc hin Cng c quc t v tm kim v cu nn hng hi nm 1979 (Cng c SAR 79)Th tng Chnh ph15/01/2009

55. Quyt nh76/2009/Q-TTgKin ton y ban Quc gia Tm kim Cu nn v H thng t chc tm kim cu nn ca cc B, ngnh Trung ng v a phngTh tng Chnh ph11/05/2009

56. Quyt nh141/2009/Q-TTG V c ch tin lng v ch ph cp u i theo ngh i vi lc lng tm kim cu nn hng hi Th tng Chnh ph31/12/2009

57. Quyt nh286/2006/Q-TTG V vic ban hnh Chng trnh quc gia xc tin vn ng vin tr phi chnh ph nc ngoi giai on 2006 - 2010 Th tng Chnh ph 27/12/2006

58. Quyt nh93/Q-TTg V ch bi dng i vi kim sot vin iu tham gia trc tip x l s c khi c bo ng lt, bo Th tng Chnh ph 05/04/1999

59. Quyt nh340/TTg Ban hnh Quy ch hot ng ca cc NGO ti Vit Nam Th tng Chnh ph21/08/2001

60. Quyt nh64/2001/Q-TTg Ban hnh Quy ch qun l v s dng vin tr phi chnh ph nc ngoiTh tng Chnh ph26/04/2001

61. Quyt nh118/2008/Q-TTg Ban hnh Quy ch qun l ti chnh i vi hot ng tm kim cu nn, cu h, ng ph thin tai, thm ho Th tng Chnh ph27/08/2008

62. Quyt nh245/2006/Q-TTgBan hnh Quy ch bo p thp nhit i, bo, lTh tng Chnh ph27/10/2006

63. Quyt nh 70/2006/Q-TTgch ph cp c th i bin i vi cng chc, vin chc, cng nhn, nhn vin trn tu tm kim cu nn hng hiTh tng Chnh ph29/03/2006

64. Quyt nh 10/Q-TTgV vic h tr kinh ph cho cc a phng x l cc cng trnh chng st l, , k, phng, chng lt, bo cp bch Th tng Chnh ph05/01/2009

65. Quyt nh 2045/Q-TTgV vic h tr kinh ph cho cc a phng x l cp bch cc cng trnh , k phc v phng, chng lt, boTh tng Chnh ph07/12/2009

66. Quyt nh 1600/Q-TTG Ph duyt iu chnh mc vay lm nh v mua tr chm nn nh trong cc cm tuyn dn c thuc Chng trnh xy dng cm tuyn dn c v nh vng ngp l ng bng sng Cu Long Th tng Chnh ph 15/10/2009

67. Ch th/2000/CT-BTMCng tc phng, chng lt, bo, gim nh thin tai nm 2000B Thng mi01/04/2000

68. Ch th03/CT-BTTTTCng tc phng, chng lt, bo, gim nh thin tai nm 2009B Thng tin v Truyn thng07/04/2009

69. Quyt nh18/2008/Q-BTNMT Ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v D bo l B ti nguyn mi trng31/12/2008

70. Thng t lin tch48/2009/TTLT-BTC-BNNHng dn ch qun l, s dng v thanh quyt ton kinh ph s nghip kinh t duy tu, bo dng iuB Ti Chnh, B Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn12/03/2009

71. Thng t07/2005/TT-BTC Thng t hng dn qun l ti chnh i vi cc hot ng ca Hi Ch thp B ti chnh 18/1/2005

72. Quyt nh97/2007/Q-TTgQuy ch nhp, xut vt t, thit b d tr quc gia do Cc D tr quc gia trc tip qun lB Ti Chnh03/12/2007

73. Quyt nh10/2008/Q-BTC Ban hnh Quy ch qun l ti chnh qu x hi, qu t thinB ti chnh02/12/2008

74. Thng t72/2009/TT-BTCHng dn thc hin Ngh nh s 64/2008/N-CP ngy 14 thng 5 nm 2008 ca Chnh ph v vn ng, tip nhn, phn phi v s dng cc ngun ng gp t nguyn h tr nhn dn khc phc kh khn do thin tai, ho hon, s c nghim trng, cc bnh nhn mc bnh him nghoB Ti Chnh31/07/2008

75. Thng t60/2009/TT-BTCQuy chun k thut quc gia v d tr nh nc i vi phao trn cu sinh bin sonB Ti Chnh26/03/2009

76. Thng t92/2009/TT-BTCHng dn vic thanh ton kinh ph t ngun ngn sch nh nc cho cc t chc, c nhn tham gia hot ng tm kim cu nn, cu h, ng ph thin tai, thm hoB Ti Chnh12/05/2009

77. Thng t143/2009/TT-BTCHng dn lp d ton, qun l v s dng kinh ph m bo cho xut, cp hng d tr quc gia cu tr, h tr v vin trB Ti Chnh15/07/2009

78. Thng t178/2009/TT-BTCBan hnh Quy chun k thut quc gia v d tr nh nc i vi phao o cu sinhB Ti Chnh10/09/2009

79. Thng t195/2009/TT-BTCQuy nh v giao nhn, qun l, phn phi, s dng hng xut cp t ngun d tr quc gia khng thu tin cu tr, h tr, tm kim cu h, cu nn, phng, chng, khc phc hu qu thin tai, ho hon, dch bnhB Ti Chnh05/10/2009

80. Thng t195/2009/TT-BTCQuy nh v giao nhn, qun l, phn phi, s dng hng xut cp t ngun d tr quc gia khng thu tin cu tr, h tr, tm kim cu h, cu nn, phng, chng, khc phc hu qu thin tai, ho hon, dch bnhB Ti Chnh05/10/2009

81. Thng t18/2010/TT-BTC Ban hnh Quy chun k thut quc giav d tr nh nc i vi xung cu nn B ti chnh01/02/2010

82. Thng t109/2007/TT-BTC Hng dn ch qun l ti chnh Nh nc i vi vin tr phi chnh ph nc ngoi khng thuc ngun thu Ngn sch nh nc B Ti Chnh 10/09/2007

83. Ch th92/CT-BQPCng tc phng, chng, gim nh thin tai v tm kim cu nn nm 2009B Quc Phng08/12/2008

84. Thng t lin tch64/2006/TTLT-BNN-BNV-BTCHng dn thc hin quyt nh s 132 /2006/q-ttg ngy 31/5/2006 ca th tng chnh ph quy nh ch ph cp u i theo ngh i vi cng chc, vin chc ngnh kim lm, bo v thc vt, th y v kim sot iuB Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, B Ni v, B Ti Chnh25/08/2006

85. Quyt nh92/2006/Q-BNNQuy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca thanh tra cc qun l iu v phng, chng lt, boB Nng nghip v pht trin nng thn16/10/2006

86. Quyt nh26/2008/Q-BNNQuy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca Cc Qun l iu v Phng chng lt boB Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn28/01/2008

87. Thng t15/2001/TT-BNN-PCLBHng dn lp n gi v ch d ton cng tc tu b iu s dng lao ng nng nhnB Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn23/02/2001

88. Quyt nh92/2006/Q-BNNQuy nh chc nng, nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca Thanh tra Cc Qun l iu v phng, chng lt, boB NN&PTNT16/10/2006

89. quyt nh 922008/Q-BNNBan hnh Quy nh v qun l, pht hnh v cp bin xe c php i trn ; xe kim tra ; xe h , xe lm nhim v khn cp v phng, chng lt, bo B NN&PTNT17/09/2008

90. Thng t09/2007/TT-BLTBXHHng dn mt s iu ca ngh nh s 67/2007/N-CP ngy 13 thng 4 nm 2007 ca chnh ph v chnh sch tr gip cc i tng bo tr x hiB Lao ng thng binh v x hi13/07/2007

91. Thng t26/2008/TT-BLDTBXHSa i, b sung mt s im ca thng t s 09/2007/TT-BLDTBXH ngy 13 thng 7 nm 2007 hng dn mt s iu ca ngh nh s 67/2007/ND-CP ngy 13 thng 4 nm 2007 ca chnh ph v chnh sch tr gip cc i tng bo tr x hiB Lao ng thng binh v x hi10/11/2008

92. Quyt nh1035/2000/Q-BGTVTQuy ch Phng, chng, khc phc hu qu lt, bo trong ngnh ng sngB Giao thng vn ti28/04/2000

93. Quyt nh1811/2000/Q-BGTVTQuy ch Phng, chng, khc phc hu qu lt, bo trong ngnh Hng hiB Giao thng vn ti04/07/2000

94. Quyt nh2988/2001/Q-BGTVTQuy ch Phng, chng, khc phc hu qu lt, bo trong ngnh ng bB Giao thng vn ti12/09/2001

95. Quyt nh3862/2001/Q-BGTVTQuy ch Phng, chng, khc phc hu qu lt, bo trong ngnh ng stB Giao thng vn ti06/11/2001

96. Quyt nh3305/2002/Q-BGTVTQuy ch qun l s dng b cu phao (PMP) d phng ca Ngnh GTVTB Giao thng vn ti14/10/2002

97. Quyt nh13/2004/Q-BGTVTQuy ch Phng, chng, khc phc hu qu lt, bo trong ngnh Hng khngB Giao thng vn ti10/09/2004

98. Quyt nh2209/2006/Q-BGTVTQuy ch qun l v s dng vn, phng tin, vt t d tr phng cho phng, chng lt, boB Giao thng vn ti16/10/2006

99. Quyt nh40/2006/Q-BGTVTQuy ch t chc v hot ng ca Ban ch o Tm kim cu nn B Giao thng vn tiB Giao thng vn ti07/11/2006

100. Quyt nh312/Q-PCLBTWQuy ch v ch thng tin, bo co trong ch o, trin khai i ph vi l, bo do ban ch o phng chng lt bo trung ng ban hnh Ban ch o Phng chng lt bo Trung ng20/10/2008

101. Quyt nh103/Q-PCLBTWTrc ban phng chng lt bo ca Vn phng Ban ch o Phng chng lt bo Trung ng, Vn phng Ban ch huy Phng chng lt bo v Tm kim Cu nn cc cp, cc ngnhBan ch o Phng chng lt bo Trung ng04/06/2009

Ph lc 2: Quyt nh v thnh vin tham gia ban ch o PCLBTW t nm 2011

BAN CH OPHNG CHNG LT BO TW-------CNG HA X HI CH NGHA VIT NAMc lp - T do - Hnh phc---------------

S:89/Q-PCLBTWH Ni, ngy 19 thng 05 nm 2011

QUYT NHV THNH VIN THAM GIA BAN CH O PCLBTW T NM 2011TRNG BAN CH O PHNG CHNG LT BO TRUNG NGCn c Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo ngy 8/3/1993 v Php lnh b sung, sa i mt s iu ca Php lnh Phng, chng lt, bo c U Ban thng v Quc hi nc Cng Ho X hi Ch ngha Vit Nam thng qua ngy 24/8/2000;

Cn c Ngh nh 14/2010/N-CP ngy 27/2/2010 ca Chnh ph Quy nh v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban Ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng, Ban Ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v TKCN cc b, ngnh v P;

Cn c ngh ca cc B, ngnh v thnh vin tham gia Ban ch o PCLBTW;

Theo ngh ca ng Chnh Vn phng thng trc Ban Ch o PCLBTW.QUYT NH:iu 1. Cc thnh vin tham gia Ban ch o PCLBTW t nm 2011:1. ng Cao c Pht, B trng B NN v PTNT: Trng ban2. ng o Xun Hc, Th trng B NN v PTNT: Ph Trng ban T.T

3. ng Vn Trng L, Ph Ch nhim Vn phng Chnh ph: Ph Trng ban

4. ng Trn Quang Khu, Trung tng, Ph TTMT QNDVN: Ph Trng ban

5. ng Phm Minh Chnh, Trung tng, Th trng B Cng an: y vin

6. ng V Vn Tm, Th trng B NN v PTNT: y vin

7. ng Trn Hng H, Th trng B Ti nguyn - MT: y vin

8. ng Cao Vit Sinh, Th trng B K hoch v u t: y vin

9. ng Nguyn Hu Ch, Th trng B Ti chnh: y vin

10. ng Nguyn Trng m, Th trng B Lao ng - TBXH: y vin

11. ng Trng Tn Vin, Th trng B Giao thng - Vn ti: y vin

12. ng L Nam Thng, Th trng B Thng tin v Truyn thng: y vin

13. ng Hong Quc Vng, Th trng B Cng Thng: y vin

14. ng Bi Phm Khnh, Th trng B Xy dng: y vin

15. ng Nguyn B Thy, Th trng B Y t: y vin

16. ng Trn Quang Qu, Th trng B Gio dc v o to: y vin

17. ng Hunh Vnh i, Th trng B Vn ha, Th thao v DL: y vin

18. ng Nguyn Qun, Th trng B Khoa hc v Cng ngh: y vin

19. ng Nguyn Thanh Sn, Th trng B Ngoi giao: y vin

20. ng Phm Hoi Giang, Thiu tng, Cc trng Cc CHCN: y vin

21. ng Trn nh Dng, Thiu tng, Ph T lnh, TMT BBP: y vin

22. ng V Hi, Ph T. Gim c i Ting ni VN: y vin

23. ng Trn Bnh Minh, Ph T. Gim c i Truyn hnh VN: y vin

24. ng L Huy Minh, Ph Vin trng Vin Vt l a cu: y vin

25. ng Nguyn Hong Hip, B th TW on TNCS HCM: y vin

26. ng on Vn Thi, Ph Ch tch Hi ch thp VN: y vin

27. ng Bi Vn c, Tng G TT KTTVQG B Ti nguyn - MT:yvin28. ng Nguyn Xun Diu, Ph TCT Tng cc Thu li:yvin thng trc29. ng Trn Quang Hoi, Cc trng Cc QL&PCLB:yviniu 2.Nhim v ca cc Ph Trng Ban v ccyvin do Trng Ban phn cng.iu 3. Quyt nh ny thay th Quyt nh s 53/Q-PCLBTW ngy 07/4/2010 v c hiu lc t ngy k. ng Chnh vn phng thng trc Ban ch o PCLBTW, cc thnh vin c tn trong iu 1 v Th trng cc n v c lin quan chu trch nhim thi hnh Quyt nh ny./.Ni nhn:- Th tng Chnh ph Nguyn Tn Dng; ( b/c)- Ph TTg Hong Trung Hi; ( b/c)- VP Trung ng ng; ( b/c)- VP Ch tch nc; ( b/c)- VP Quc hi; ( b/c)- VP Chnh ph; ( b/c)- Ban CH PCLB&TKCN cc B, ngnh;- UBND, Ban ch huy PCLB cc tnh, TP;- Nh iu 3;- Lu VP.TRNG BAN

( k)

Cao c Pht

Ph lc 3: Tng hp cn b cng tc ti cc Ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cp tnh

STTTnh/ Thnh phBan ch huyVn phng (ngi)Tiu ban

(ban)

Trng ban - Ph trng bany vin (ngi)

1 H Ni6 (Ph ch tch UBND thnh ph)13636

2 C Mau6 (ph ch tch UBND tnh) 30

3 k Lk4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)22

4 H Giang4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)19

5 Lai Chu4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)19

6 Cao Bng4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)21

7 Tr Vinh4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)24

8 Kon Tum3 (Ph ch tch thng trc UBND tnh)24

9 Lm ng3 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)14

10 Lo Cai4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)20

11 Khnh Ha5 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh) 23

12 in Bin4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh ph trch khi nng nghip)21

13 Kin Giang5 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)23

14 ng Thp4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)203

15 Bc Kn4 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)157

16 Qung Nam5 (Ph ch tch thng trc UBND tnh)35

17 Bc Giang3 (Ph ch tch UBND tnh)13

18 Qung Ninh4 (Ph ch tch thng trc UBND tnh)23

19 Thi Nguyn4 (Ph Ch tch UBND tnh)21

20 Bnh Thun4 (Ph Ch tch UBND tnh)28

21 k Nng4 (Ph Ch tch thng trc UBND tnh)17

22 Ninh Thun4 (Ph Ch tch thng trc UBND tnh)29

23 Bn Tre4 (Ph Ch tch UBND tnh)293

24 Ngh An5 (Ph Ch tch thng trc UBND tnh)27

25 Ph Th4 (Ch tch UBND tnh)20

26 Hng Yn6 (Ch tch UBND tnh)14

27 Nam nh4 (Ch tch UBND tnh)21

28 Thnh ph H Ch Minh11 (Ch tch UBND thnh ph) 22

29 Bc Ninh6 (Ch tch UBND tnh) 17

30 Ninh Bnh7 (Ch tch UBND tnh)193

31 Ha Bnh6 (Ch tch UBND tnh)236

32 Vnh Phc5 (Ch tch UBND tnh)14

33 Hi Dng6 (Ch tch UBND tnh)17

Ph lc 4. Tm tt kt qu r sot cc vn bn php lut Vit Nam v phng chng thin tai theo iu khonI. V CC NH NGHA C LIN QUAN N THIN TAI/ THM HA

STTTn VBPLNi dung iu khonnh gi

1Php lnh phng chng lt bo 1993-2000iu 2Lt, bo () gm l, ngp lt, nc bin dng, bo, p thp nhit i, lc, st l t do ma, l, bo v sng bin gy raThut ng thin tai, thm ha c dng trong mt s vn bn quy phm php lut ca Vit Nam trong lnh vc qun l thin tai thm ha cha thng nht vi nhau v cha thng nht vi cch hiu m mt s vn kin quc t v khu vc a ra. Mt s vn bn quy phm php lut c nh ngha di dng lit k, cha mang tnh khi qut.

2Ngh nh v phng th dn s s 117/2008/N-CPiu 3 gii thch thut ng thm ha l nhng bin ng do thin nhin, dch bnh nguy him hoc do con ngi gy ra hoc do hu qu chin tranh lm thit hi nghim trng v ngi, ti sn, mi trng t nhin.

3Ngh nh s 14/2010/N-CP ngy 27 thng 2 nm 2010 Quy nh v t chc, nhim v, quyn hn v c ch phi hp ca Ban ch o phng, chng lt, bo Trung ng, Ban ch huy phng, chng lt, bo v tm kim cu nn cc B, ngnh v a phng nm 2010 iu 3 gii thch thut ng thin tai v tnh hung thin tai:

1. Thin tai (...) bao gm: ma ln, p thp nhit i, bo, l, l qut, ngp lt, ging, lc, st, st l do ma l, nc dng, ng t, sng thn.

2. Tnh hung thin tai l giai on k t khi mt hoc mt s thin tai qui nh ti khon 1 iu 3, bt u xut hin v c kh nng gy nh hng n tnh mng, ti sn ca nh nc, nhn dn v cc hot ng kinh t, x hi trn lnh th, cc vng bin o ca nc Cng ho x hi ch ngha Vit Nam cho n khi khng cn kh nng gy nh hng n Vit Nam.

4Quy ch bo tin ng t, cnh bo sng thn (Ban hnh km theo Quyt nh s 264/2006/Q-TTg ngy 16/11/2006 ca Th tng Chnh ph)iu 2 gii thch thut ng:

1. Sng thn l sng bin chu k di, lan truyn vi vn tc ln (c khi n 800km/gi) Sng thn c quy nh trong Quy ch ny l sng thn gy ra bi ng t hoc hot ng ca ni la.

3. ng t (cn gi l a chn) l s rung ng mt t, gy ra bi cc dch chuyn t ngt ca cc a khi theo cc t gy a cht trong lng t (gi l ng t kin to), cc v n ni la (gi l ng t ni la), cc v sp hang ng, cc v trt l t, thin thch v cc v n nhn to.

5Lut phng chy cha chy s 27/2001/QH10iu 31. Chy c hiu l trng hp xy ra chy khng kim sot c c th gy thit hi v ngi, ti sn v nh hng mi trng.

2. Cht nguy him v chy, n l cht lng, cht kh, cht rn hoc hng ho, vt t d xy ra chy, n.

II. V CC NGUYN TC T CHC THC HIN

STTTn VBPLNi dung iu khonnh gi

1Php lnh phng chng lt bo 1993-2000iu 3 quy nh nguyn tc Nh nc thng nht qun l cng tc phng, chng lt bo trn phm vi c nc. K hoch v bin php phng chng lt bo phi linh hot, ph hp vi iu kin thc tin tng vng min.Hu ht cc vn bn u quy nh Chnh ph thng nht qun l nh nc v phng chng thin tai. Cc vn bn cho thy c s phi hp, phn cp, phn quyn gia trung ng v a phng trn c s xc nh r quyn hn v trch nhim tng cp, cng nh cc b ngnh lin quan. Cc vn bn php lut mi nn i theo tinh thn ny trong vic quy nh v nguyn tc phng chng v gim nh thin tai. c bit, cn nht mnh hn cc tiu ch: phng hn chng, khc phc km ti thit, da vo cng ng v m bo pht trin bn vng.

2Quyt nh ph duyt Chin lc