-
MICHAEL REDHEAD
TARNER
1993
:
: .
: .
-
ANEITHMIAKE EKOEI KPHTHI E A
H 2011
-
ANEITHMIAKE EKOEI KPHTH I T E
H K, T.. 1527, 711 10. T. 2810 391097, Fax: 2810 391085A: 3,
10677. T. 210 3849020-2, Fax: 210 3301583
e-mail: [email protected]
: /
: ,
: From Physics to Metaphysics
: 1995 Cambridge University Press
2002, :
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: . . .
: .
ISBN 960-524-222-2
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vii
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Michael Redhead - , , , . 2, -o ( , JeremyButterfield ) , -,
3.
ix
1 To - . , .
2 , ( ), Redhead Centre for Philosophy of Natural andSocial
Science LSE.
3 o Redhead , Scientific Realism: How Science Tracks
Truth(Routledge, [1999]), Metascience (10/3, 341-371 [2001]), - ( -
), , - -- (sensitive) (. 341).
1
-
Redhead , - . - . , - , Incompleteness, Nonlocality, and
Realism: AProlegomenon to the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics4. ( -
, ).
To 5 Tarner, Redhead - , - 1993. , , - , - (.xxxi). Tarner - ,
-, (.xxxi) , - , .
x
4 M.L.G. Redhead, Incompleteness, Nonlocality, and Realism: A
Prolego-menon to the Philosophy of Quantum Mechanics, Clarendon
Press, 2, (1989). [ - Lakatos Award, Redhead 9/2/89 LSE The
Natureof Reality, The British Journalfor the Philosophy of Science
(40/4, 429-441 [1989]), - J. Worrall (.), The Ontology of Science,
DartmouthPublishing Company, (1994), . 295-307].
5 - . , , . -, , (2003).
-
, , -, .
1
Redhead - , ( , ,..). , , , , , Ding an sich ( ), (. 12). , (.
14). , , , -, (. 13). , -, , , - : , , - (. 14-15). Redhead -: , ,
- - () (. 16).
- , , , -. , -
xi
-
, , - - , - .
Paul Teller6, o Redhead - (foundationalism), , G. E. Moore, .
Redhead ) - ) .
, John Polkinghorne - - , , - , . Redhead, , . - -, , , 7.
, , Redhead - -
xii
6 . Paul Teller The PhilosophicalReview (106/2, 272-275 [1997]).
Paul Teller An Interpretive Introduction to Quantum FieldTheory,
Princeton University Press, (1995).
7 O John Polkinghorne Richard Swinburne, Is There a God? (Oxford
UniversityPress, [1996]) Scientific American (275/5, 121-123
[1996]).
-
: - , - (. 15). , - ( - ), ( - )8.
, Redhead . - : i) - (underdetermination) , - , - (. 16), ii) -
, iii) - , - iv) , , - , . : , , - (. 19-20).
. - , - .
xiii
8 Joe Lau Philosophical Books (38/1, 75-76 [1997]).
-
, JohnWorrall, - Imre Lakatos, - , KarlPopper Thomas Kuhn, -,
Lakatos9.
Roberto Torretti10 - 11 Redhead. , - , , ( Ding an sich). , - ,
- . Torretti - 12 (thingsat hand)13,
xiv
9 J. Worrall, Lakatos and After, Discussion Paper Series - DP
49/00,Centre for Philosophy of Natural and Social Science, LSE,
(2000). O Worrall Lakatos.
10 , Relativity and Geometry,Dover, ([1983] 1996) The Philosophy
of Physics,Cambridge University Press, (1999).
11 . Torretti Studies in History andPhilosophy of Modern Physics
(28/2, 291-298 [1997]).
12 , , , , , ..
13 things at hand - vorhanden, present at hand, . (M. Heidegger,
, 2, - . , , - [1985]). Hei-degger vorhanden zu Hnden (ready to
hand, ).
-
(things in themselves)14, . , , - (real thing), . , - o,
Torretti, , , - - . , , . , , (contextualized truth)15, , - . , , (
) . , Torretti - - ( ) - -, , - - , - 16.
, ,
xv
14 , Torretti - things in themselves R. Torretti, The
Philo-sophy of Physics, ..
15 contextualized truth , .
16 R. Torretti, ., . 292.
-
-17, .
Frank Wilczek, EugeneWigner (unreasonable effe-ctiveness) , - -
(surreal numbers) John Conway : , -
xvi
17 - , .M. Steiner, The Applicability of Mathematics as a
Philosophical Problem,Harvard University Press, (1998), . , - : , ,
, (2003). S. Shapiro, Mathematicsand Reality, Philosophy of Science
(50/4, 523-548 [1983]) [ -: ( ), (23/2, 345-376 [2005])], . -, , -
(23/2, 323-343 [2005]). - , - , Aharonov-Bohm. , , , (23/2, 117-141
[2005]), - - , , , - (surplus structure) ( - Redhead), - - , - -
(virtual principles) Feynman - ).
-
, ; 18. Feynman - , The Character of PhysicalLaw: , - , - - . ;
-; , , : , - , - . , , , . -19. , Feynman , - !
2
, Redhead 20 , , -
xvii
18 F. Wilczek, Whence the Force of F = ma? III: Cultural
Diversity,Physics Today (58/7, 10 [2005]). - - (surreal numbers), .
D. Knuth, Surreal Numbers,Addison-Wesley, - (1974).
19 R. Feynman, The Character of Physical Law, Press, (1967) [ :
O - , , , - , (1990), . 45].
-
, . : - ; (. 20). -, , ( ), ( -) , - . -, , Redhead - - . - - ,
- .
Peter Forest Redhead . -, (counter-intuitive), - 20. ,, , - , -
.
3
, , Redhead - ,
xviii
20 . Peter Forest The BritishJournal for the Philosophy of
Science (48/1, 149-150 [1997]).
-
(. 51). , Redhead , - , -. , - .
Redhead - . , Redhead - Kochen-Specker - Bell ( Bell , , - , ) -
- (ontological contextuality)21. , - 22 () (locally ma-ximal
observables) (whole combined system)(. 50). - .
xix
21 contextuality , - , -: , - (14, 48-77 [2005], . 61). , , -,
-.
22 observables , - .
-
, Redhead - (entangled states)23 .
Joe Lau: , , - . , - -, ; -, Redhead ( David Lewis) (bilo-cal) ,
. -, , - . , ( Redhead -) , - ( - ) , (distinct) ( , )24.
xx
23 entangled states , .
24 J. Lau, ., . 76.
-
4 Redhead - (). - , Hawking; - . ;25
- , - (, , - )26; , , - 10500, - 27.
Redhead, , , . :
xxi
25 J. Cat, The physicists debates on unification in physics at
the end ofthe 20th century, Historical Studies in the Physical and
BiologicalSciences (28/2, 253-299 [1998]).
26 - - - , , .
27 . Lee Smolin Roger Penrose,The Road to Reality A Complete
Guide to the Laws of the Universe,Alfred A. Knopf , (2005), Physics
Today (59/2, 55-56[2006]).
-
, , , - -, , .
, , , , . , - , , , (. 69-70).
Redhead , , ( - ), ,, , .
, - , , ., , - , (. 70), Redhead.
, , Feyn-man, , The Character of Physical Law28, - o -, .
, , , - Redhead -
xxii
28 R. Feynman, ., . 129-150.
-
Gdel: - , - Gdel, - -, 29
(undecidable sentences), . 19 , , - (. 85).
, , Stephen Hawking30 Freeman Dyson31, - Gdel - .
, - 32, - , . -
xxiii
29 undecidable sentences () , -.
30 S. Hawking, Gdel and the end of
physics,http://www.damtp.cam.ac.uk/strtst/dirac/hawking/
31 Brian Greene, The Fabric of theCosmos Space, Time and the
Texture of Reality (Penguin, [2004]), The New York Review ofBooks,
51/8, 13 2004.
32 . T. Franzn, Gdels Theorem An Incomplete Guide toIts Use and
Abuse, A.K. Peters, - (2005).
-
, , , , - - . , - Gdel, - Gdel, Redhead. - , - - . - Gdel , ( -
), . , - () - . , - Paris Harrington 1977 . Paris Harrington , , -
, - Ramsey (combinatorics)33. , 34. ,
xxiv
33 Ramsey.34 , Harvey Friedman
, - ZFC,
-
, Gdel, Paris-Harrington ( ) 35. , - . - Redhead , - 36.
, Redhead - , Kuhn, - , , .
xxv
(large cardinals). Paris-Har-rington Harvey Friedman , . T.
Franzn, .,. 152-154.
35 - ( Navier-Stokes). , - , , - , , - Lwenheim-Skolem.
36 Redhead Gdel , .
-
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. - . - ( ). -, , - ( ), , . , , - .
- , , , (. 87). - , - . Lau - 37
, , . . ,
38.
xxvi
37 J. Lau, ., . 76.38 ,
, - -, [-
-
, - , , -. - , 39.
, . 40.
.
xxvii
, (1983), . 225]: - - , - (, , -), , , , - . , , - , - , , , ,
-, -.
39 , :M. Kuhlmann, H. Lyre, and A. Wayne (.) Ontological Aspects
ofQuantum Field Theory, World Scientific, (2002).
40 - , . , . , , , , - , , , -, , , -, .
-
xxix
Should we believe in Quarks and QCD?( *;), Proceedings of
theThird International Symposium on the History of
ParticlePhysics.**
Is the End of Physics in Sight? ( ;), S. French H. Kamminga (.),
Correspondence, Invariance and Heuri-stics, Kluwer, (1993).
- .
* (QCD): . [...]** L. Hoddeson, L.M. Brown, M. Riordan, M.
Dresden (.), The Rise of the Standard Model: A History of
ParticlePhysics from 1964 to 1979, Cambridge University Press,
(1997), . 637-644. [...].
-
xxxi
Tarner - , , - , , - . , , - . 1987 - , , - - Tarner - , , , - -
, .
, - . - , .
, 1994 MLGR
-
Tarner.
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xxxiii
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- , -, , . - , - a priori , .
, , . , A Brief History of Time1, StephenHawking , Dreams of a
Final Theory2 Steven Weinberg
xxxiv
1 Bantam Books, (1988) [. ., Stephen Hawking, , , (1988)].
2 Hutchinson, (1993) [. ., Stephen Weinberg, , , (1995)].
-
- , SSC, 3. , - - .
, - .
Jeremy But-terfield, Rob Clifton, Peter Lipton Paul Teller, - ,
, - .
, Jennifer .
xxxv
3 , SSC . , - , LHC, CERN, - - .
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7 , . M.L.G. Redhead Some philoso-phical aspects of particle
physics, Studies in History and Philosophy ofScience, 11, 279-304
(1980).
8 K.R. Popper, Quantum Theory and the Schism in Physics, Rowman
andLittlefield, , , . 159 .. (1982).
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