a. dormani, k. luli, qr. heeri

laboratoriuli maCveneblebi

samedicino samsaxuri `mrCeveli~

SeniSvnebisTvis mimarTeT:

laboratoria `mrCeveli _ limbaxis diagnostikis evropuli jgufi~

Tbilisi 0160, al. yazbegis #9

tel/faqsi: +99532 2931000

E-mail: info@mrcheveli.com www.mrcheveli.com

laboratoriuli maCveneblebi

a. dormani, k. luli, qr. heeri

1.-4. gamocemis Tanaavtori: T. vege

5. gadamuSavebuli da ganaxlebuli gamocema

URBAN & FISCHER München

avtorebis misamarTebi: PD Dr. med. habil. Arno J. Dormann, Kliniken der Stadt Köln GmbH, Krankenhaus Hol-weide, Medizinische Klinik , Neufelder Str. 32, 51067 Köln.

Prof. Dr. Med. Dipl.-Chem. Claus Luley, Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg, Medizinische Fakultät, Institut für Klinische Chemie Und Pathobiochemie, Leipziger Str. 44, Haus 39, 39120 Magdeburg.

Dr. med. Christian Heer, Klinikum Minden, Zentrum für Innere Medizin, Schwerpunkt Kardiologie, Pneumologie und Internistische Intensivmedizin, Hans-Nolte Str. 1, 32429 Minden.

mkiTxvelTa sayuradRebod: samedicino codna mniSvnelovnad icvleba droTa ganmavlobaSi Cata-rebuli kvlevebisa da klinikuri gamocdilebis safuZvelze. wignis avtorebi maqsimalurad Seecadnen, rom am wignSi mocemuli Tera-piuli informacia (gansakuTrebiT Cvenebebi, dozireba da arasasurve-li moqmedeba) Seesabamebodes wignis daweris momentSi arsebul same-dicino codnas. miuxedavad amisa, wignis mkiTxveli valdebulia, rom konkretuli preparatis Sesaxeb informacia gadaamowmos instruqcia-Si da Tu es informacia gansxvavebulia, Tavad miiRos gadawyvetileba. saxelebi da komerciuli niSnebi (mag: farmakologiuri preparatebi) isevea dawerili wignSi, rogorc sazogadod aris miRebuli.

germanuli biblioTekis bibliografiuli informacia:germanul biblioTekas es publikacia aRniSnuli aqvs germanul na-cionalur bibliografiaSi; detaluri bibliografiuli monacemebi SegiZliaT naxoT internetSi: http://dnb.ddb.de

yvela ufleba daculia.me-5 gamocema© 2009 Elsevier GmbH, MünchenDer Urban & Fischer Verlag ist ein Imprint Der Elsevier GmbH

09 10 11 12 13 5 4 3 2 1

qarTuli gamocema © 2012 welisamedicino samsaxuri `mrCeveli~

naSromi da yvela misi nawili daculia. gamomcemlobis Tanxmobis gareSe am uflebis darRveva isjeba kanoniT. es gansakuTrebiT exeba gamrav-lebas, Targmnas, mikrofilmebisa da eleqtronuli versiis damzadebas.

mTrgmnelebi: ia mosuliSvili, ia nemsaZe

redaqtorebi: irakli rcxilaZe, manana baliaSvili

damkabadonebeli: giorgi bagrationi

ISBN 978-9941-0-4839-5

aqtualuri informacia SegiZliaT naxoT internetSi: www.elsevier.de da www.elsevier.com

V

5. gamocemis winasityvaoba

es wigni gaaadvilebs laboratoriul gamokvlevebSi orientaciasa da maT Semdgom interpretacias. is pasuxs gascems konkretul kiTxvebze, romlebic yoveldRiuri muSaobis dros Cndeba. misi saSuale-biT swrafad ipoviT pasuxebs konkretul kiTxvebze. am wignis daniSnuleba misi yoveldRiuri praqtiku-li gamoyenebaa.

jandacvis sistemaSi mudmivad mzardma fasebma da axalma diagnostikurma kvlevebma Cven, am wignis av-torebs, praqtikos eqimebs – gvibiZga kritikulad gadagvexeda arsebuli kvlevebisTvis da Segvefase-bina isini maTi klinikuri Rirebulebis mixedviT. garda amisa, Cven pirvelad movaxerxeT am patara `jibis wignSi~ Cagvetia informacia racionaluri safexurebrivi diagnostikis Sesaxeb (bazisuri diagnostika, gafarToebuli diagnostika, Zalian specifikuri diagnostika).

am wignis pirveli oTxi, Zalian warmatebuli gamo-cemis Semdeg, Cven kritikulad gadavxedeT mis Si-naarss, davamateT siaxleebi. am gamocemaSi pirvelad SevitaneT informacia Tanamedrove genuri diagnos-tikis Sesaxeb.

wignis erT-erTma avtorma, medicinis doqtorma Tomas vegem veRar miiRo monawileoba am gamocemis momzadebaSi. mis nacvlad avtorTa koleqtivs Seema-ta medicinis doqtori qristian heeri.

gisurvebT warmatebas yoveldRiur muSaobaSi da vimedovnebT, rom intensiuri da kritikuli dialo-gi gveqneba Cvens mkiTxvelTan.

kolni, magdeburgi da mindeni,Semodgoma, 2008 weli

a. dormani k. luliqr. heeri

VI

madloba

madlobas vuxdiT:

� gamomcemlobas Elsevier GmbH, Urban & Fischer da q-n petra Svarcs nayofieri TanamSromlo-bisTvis.

� Cvens colebsa da Svilebs moTminebisa da mxar-daWerisTvis.

� medicinis doqtor Tomas veges wina oTxi ga-mocemis momzadebaSi TanamSromlobisaTvis.

VII

moxmarebis wesi / instruqcia

wigni `laboratoriuli maCveneblebi~ eqimis `xala-Tis jibis wignia~. is informacias mogawvdiT masalis aRebis teqnikis Sesaxeb (ra masala, romel sinjaraSi unda aiRoT, sad da ramdenad swrafad unda gaag-zavnoT), praqtikul daxmarebas gagiwevT diagnos-tikuri problemebisa da laboratoriuli kvlevis Sedegebis interpretaciisas.

`laboratoriuli maCveneblebis~ ZiriTadi Tavi dalagebulia anbanis mixedviT. simsivnis markerebi, maTi racionaluri gamoyeneba, aseve klinikurad Ri-rebuli funqciuri testebi da infeqciebis serolo-giuri kvlevebi ganTavsebulia calkeul TavebSi.

zeda kuTxeSi arsebuli registris mixedviT Sesa-Zloa sasurveli Tavis iolad povna. ZiriTad TavSi masala dawyobilia anbanis mixedviT. mravlad arseb-uli miniSnebebi (F) gvexmareba moculobis dazogva-Si da migvaniSnebs kavSirebze.

Tu anabanur CamonaTvalSi gamokvleva ver ipoveT, SesaZlebelia misi naxva saZiebelSi. saZiebeli imaSic dagexmarebaT, rom daavadebis mixedviT ipovoT Ses-abamisi kvlevebi.

laboratoriuli maCveneblebis SerCevis dros yu-radReba eqceoda maT klinikur Rirebulebas, aseve maT fass.

+ bazisuri diagnostika

++ gafarToebuli diagnostika

+++ specialuri diagnostika specialuri kiTxvebis dros

€ gansakuTrebiT ZviradRirebuli laboratoriuli gamokvlevebi (meti 10-15 evroze)

VIII

sarCevi

1 preanalitika 11.1 racionaluri laboratoriuli

diagnostika 21.2 safexurebrivi diagnostika 31.3 Secdomebis mizezebi 41.4 kanis dezinfeqcia 91.5 masalebi 101.6 dieta 16

2 laboratoriuli maCveneblebis CamonaTvali 17

2.1 anbanuri CamonaTvali 182.2 autoantisxeulebi 1512.3 adamianis genetika 153

3 infeqciebi 1653.1 gamomwvevis gamovlena 1663.2 gamomwvevebis anbanuri CamonaTvali 171

4 funqciuri testebi 193

5 simsivnis markerebi 2235.1 diagnostikuri Rirebuleba 2245.2 Cvenebis safexurebi 2255.3 organoTa sistemebi 2265.4 simsivnuri markerebis anbanuri

CamonaTvali 229

6 saZiebeli 237

1

preanalitika

1.1 racionaluri laboratoriuli diagnostika 2

1.2 safexurebrivi diagnostika 31.3 Secdomebis mizezebi 41.4 kanis dezinfeqcia 91.5 masalebi 101.6 dieta 16

2

1.1 racionaluri laboratoriuli diagnostika

efeqturi laboratoriuli diagnostikisTvis auci­lebelia, naTeli iyos mizani, ris safuZvelzec swrafad da ekonomiurad daismeba swori diagnozi; amasTanave, daizogeba pacienti.

amitom aucilebelia gaiTvaliswinoT Semdegi:

� „farTo skriningi“ an „didi rutina“ (gansakuT­rebiT simsivnis markerebis SemTxvevaSi) iwvevs zedmet xarjs da xSirad saWiro xdeba gaurkveve­li Sedegebis gadamowmeba. es gansakuTrebiT exeba `cdomis mimarT mgrZnobiare~ an fizioligiuri meryeobis didi diapazonis mqone gamokvlevebs, agreTve parametrebs, romelTac aqvT gamoxatuli cirkaduli ritmi (mag: hormonebi). amitom um­jobesia racionaluri safexurebrivi diagnostika (F Tavi – 1.2).

� paTologiuri cvlilebebis dros sakontrolo kvlevebi unda Catardes winaswari klinikuri aucileblobis, SesaZlo diagnostikuri an Tera­piuli Tanmimdevrobis gaTvaliswinebiT, adekva­turi drois intervalis (umetes SemTxvevaSi kon­troli naadrevia) SerCeviT.

� laboratoriul diagnostikas yovelTvis win us­wrebs anamnezis Sekreba da fizikaluri gamokv­leva. mxolod savaraudo diagnozis momwifebis Semdeg aris SesaZlebeli swori diagnostikis daw­yeba.

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1.2 safexurebrivi diagnostika

diagnostika, romelic dafuZnebulia Cvenebebze, sakmarisia samedicino TvalsazrisiT dasmuli SekiTxvebis umetesobisaTvis, ekonomiuria da paci­entebisTvisac ufro damzogvelia.

saWiroa Semdegi pirveladi gamokvlevebi:� sisxlis saerTo analizi (wiTeli da TeTri sisx­

lis suraTi, SesaZloa diferencirebiT).� sisxlis Sededebis `Sida~ da `gare~ gzebis parame­

trebi (Quick, PTT).� retenciis parametrebi (Sardovana da kreatinini).� eleqtrolitebi (Na+, K+, Ca 2+).� transaminazebi, nivTierebaTa cvlis parametrebi (alt,

ast, g­gt, glukoza sisxlSi, kreatinkinaza, cila).� anTebis markerebi (eds / C­reaqtiuli cila).� Terapiul pacientebTan (saSualo asaki > 50 wel­

ze): aseve bazaluri TSH, LDL­qolesterini, tri­gliceridebi, Sardis saerTo analizi.

danarCeni parametrebi ar Sedis pirvelad labora­toriul gamokvlevebSi. maTi kvleva SeiZleba Cat­ardes samedicino Cvenebis mixedviT, magaliTad:� gaurkveveli genezis cxelebis dros, mag: sisxlis

mikrobiologiuri kvleva, eleqtroforezi, C­reaqtiuli cila, Sardis mikrobiologiuri kvl­eva, feritini.

� RviZlis daavadebebis dros, mag: qolinesTeraza, tute fosfataza, bilirubini, glutamatdehidro­genaza, eleqtroforezi.

� Tirkmlis daavadebebis dros, mag: SardmJava, Sardis naleqis kvleva, endogenuri kreatininis klirensi.

� Saqriani diabetis dros, mag: glukoza sisxlSi uzmoze, HbA

1c (hemoglobini A1c), cila 24­saaTian SardSi, Sardis eleqtroforezi.

! laboratoriuli diagnostika klinikuri praqti­kis damxmare saSualebaa da misi damoukideblad gamoyeneba dauSvebelia!

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1.3 Secdomebis mizezebi

laboratoriuli kvlevebis mosalodneli mcdari maCveneblebi yvelaze xSirad dafuZnebulia sisxlis aRebamde an sisxlis aRebis dros daSvebul Secdome­bze. maTze upiratesad pasuxismgebelia mxolod ana­lizis amRebi eqimi.

preanalitikuri pirobebis Taobaze mizanSewonilia winaswari gasaubreba laboratoriis eqimTan; gansa­kuTrebiT, iseTi analizis SemTxvevaSi, romelic iS­viaTad keTdeba.

1.3.1 tipuri Secdomebi

� sinjze ar aris an arasrulia warwera, mag: aklia an gvari, an saxeli, an dabadebis TariRi, an anal­izis aRebis dro.

� warwera datanilia sinjaris saxuravze an mxolod paketze, romelSic SefuTulia sinjara. Tavsax­uris moxsnis an sinjaris paketidan amoRebis Sem­deg gaurkvevelia, vis ekuTvnis es sinjara.

� arasrulad Sevsebuli SekveTis formulari.

� pacientis arasworad momzadeba:

– pa ci en ti ar iyo uzmoze nivTierebaTa cvlis garkveuli parametrebis gamokvlevisas.

– ar iyo daculi kvebis SezRudvebi, mag: seroti­niniT Raribi sakvebi hidroqsiindolZmarmJavas gansazRvris dros.

– pacientma ar SeaCera medikamentis miReba kvle­vis Catarebamde, mag: β­blokatorebi kateqol­aminebis gansazRvris dros, ACE­SemboWvelebi reninis gansazRvris dros.

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– mxedvelobaSi ar iyo miRebuli pacientis fizi­kuri datvirTva kateqolaminebis gansazRvris dros.

– ar iyo gaTvaliswinebuli sisxlis aRebamde Ca­ta rebuli operacia an samedicino Careva, mag: PSA­s an kortizolis gansazRvris dros.

� masalis arasworad aReba: araswori moculoba, arasworad SerCeuli sinjara (aRebamde daazus­teT laboratoriasTan!).

� masalis xangrZlivad an arasworad Senaxva, mag: amiakis gansazRvrisaTvis masala gayinuli ar iyo.

� sinjaris arasakmarisad SenjRrevis gamo ar moxda masalis Sereva antikoagulaciur danamatebTan.

� mikrobiologiuri kvlevis dros masalis da bin­Zureba, mag: sisxlis kulturis aRebis Semdeg ni­adagze masalis gadatanisas nemsi ar iyo gamocv­lili (rac savaldebulo ar aris).

1.3.2 faqtorebi, romlebic gavlenas axdenen kvlevis Sedegze

laboratoriul monacemebze SeiZleba moqmedebdes Semdegi fiziologiuri faqtorebi:

� sqesi, orsuloba (mag: wiTeli da TeTri sisxlis

maCveneblebi).

� asaki (mag: sisxlis airebi, cximovani cvla).

� sxeulis wona, Sesabamisad, sxeulis zedapiris farTobi (glomeruluri filtracia → kreatini­

nis klirensi).

� cirkaduli ritmi (mag: hormonebi).

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� stresi, operaciebi (mag: kateqolaminebis cvla).

� sxeulis mdebareoba, woliTi reJimi (mag: aldo­

steroni, renini).

zegavlenis mqone sxva ZiriTadi faqtorebia:

� medikamentebi F Tavi 1.3.3.

� nikotinis qronikuli moxmareba (CO­Hb da lei­

kocitebis momateba).

� i.v. narkotikebze damokidebuleba (mag: Sardis _ pH dabalia askorbinis mJavas gamo, kristaluria

da sxv. talkis gamo).

� dieta / kvebis Cveva (mag: rkinisa da vitaminebis

cvla).

! sadezinfeqcio saSualebebis gavleniT (sisxlSi alkoholis Semcvelobaze) an lokaluri anes­Teziuri saSualebebis gamoyenebiT gamowveuli mcdari Sedegi.

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1.3.3 medikamentebis gavlena

F cxrili 1.1.

cxrili 1.1 medikamentebis gavlena laboratoriul

maCveneblebze

laboratoriuli maCveneblebi

medikamentebi (CamonaTvali)

tute fosfataza ↑ : alopurinoli, karbama ze­pini, kotrimoqsazoli, cik­lofosfamidi, eriTromi ci ni, oqros preparatebi, izo niazidi, ketokonazoli, me totreqsati, α­meTildofa, nap roqseni, ni­trofurantoini, oqsacilini, pa paverini, penicilamini, feno­barbitali, fenitoini, primi­doni, profilTiouracili, ra­nitidini, rifampicini, trime­toprimi / sulfametoqsazoli, sulfa salacini, valproinis mJa va, verapamili.

valproinis mJava ↓: klofibrati, oraluri kon­traceftiuli saSualebebi.

bilirubini ↑ : androgenebi, acitilsali­ci lis mJava, azatioprini, ka­p toprili, karbamazepini, ka­r bimazoli, qlorpromazi ni, kot rimoqsazoli, eriTromi­cini, oqros preparatebi, ha­loTani, izoniazidi, meto t­reqsati, α­meTildofa, nap ro­qseni, nitrofurantoini, pa­racetamoli, penicilamini, fe­nitoini, prokilTiouracili, ranitidini, rifampicini, tri­metoprim/sulfametoqsazoli, sulfasalicini.

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qolesterini � ↑ : Tiazidis Semcveli Sard­mdenebi, oraluri Casaxvis sawinaaRmdego saSualebebi (Casaxvis sawinaaRmdego ̀ mini­pilebis~ garda);

� ↓: C vitaminiT xangrZlivi mkurnaloba (in vitro).

g–gt � ↑ : karbamazepini, eriTro­micini, oraluri Casaxvis sawinaaRmdego saSualebebi (Casaxvis sawinaaRmdego ̀ mini­pilebis~ garda), oqsacilini, fenitoini;

� ↓: fibratebi.

SardmJava � ↑ : Tiazidis Semcveli da mar­yuJze momqmedi Sardmdenebi, pirazinamidi, nikotinmJavas eTeri, ciklosporini;

� ↓: alopurinoli, fenofibra­ti, fenilbutazoni, azloci­lini.

kreatinini ↑ : cimetidini, kotrimoqsazo­li, ciklosporini, mefenaminis mJava.

kalciumi � ↑ : tamoqsifeni;

� ↓: liTiumi, propranololi.

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laboratoriuli maCveneblebis CamonaTvali

2.1 anbanuri CamonaTvali 182.2 autoantisxeulebi 1512.3 adamianis genetika 153

18

2.1 anbanuri CamonaTvali

adamianis leikocituri antigeni - B27 (HLA-B27)

+++

sinonimi: HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen ) ­ B27.

nf gvxvdeba janmrTelTa daaxl. 6%­Si.

ma 5 ml EDTA­sisxli.

dd HLA­B27­Tan asocirebulia: bexterevis daa­vadeba (87 %), reaqtiuli arTriti, fsoriazu­li arTriti, enteropaTiuli arTriti, iuveni­luri revmatoiduli arTriti.

adamianis qoriongonado-tropini SardSi (β-HCG)

+

sinonimi: β­HCG SardSi, β­hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin).

nf uaryofiTi.

ma 10 ml Sardi.

dd ↑: orsuloba – ganayofierebidan 2. kviras, eqtopiuri orsuloba, dializdamokidebuli Tirkmlis ukmarisoba postmenopauzur qa­lebSi, buStnamqeri, qorionkarcinoma, sa­Tesleebisa da eqstragonaduli qsovilebis Canasaxovan­ujreduli simsivneebi.

damatebiT gansazRvreT F β­HCG SratSi.

nf normis farglebi ma masala

abg

19

adamianis qoriongonado-tropini SratSi (β-HCG)

+

sinonimi: β­HCG SratSi, β­hCG (Human Chorionic Gonadotropin).

nf � ≤ 5 erT/l.� postmenopauzurad: ≤ 10 erT/l.� orsulebSi:

– 3. orsulobis kvira: ≤ 50 erT/l.– 4. orsulobis kvira: ≤ 400 erT/l.– 7. orsulobis kvira: 5 000­90 000 erT/l.– 13. orsulobis kvira: 40 000­140 000 erT/l.– 2. trimestri: 8 000­100 000 erT/l.– 3. trimestri: 5 000­65 000 erT/l.

ma 1 ml Srati.

dd � ↑ : orsuloba, ganayofierebidan 10. dRes; tyupebze orsuloba, dializdamokidebuli Tirkmlis ukmarisoba postmenopauzur qa lebSi, buStnamqeri, qorionkarcinoma, sa Tesleebisa da eqstragonaduli qsovi­lebis Canasaxovan­ujreduli simsivneebi.

� ↓: eqtopiuri orsuloba, orsulobis ad­reulad Sewyveta.

� AFP­sa da Tavisufal estriolTan an or­sulobasTan asocirebul plazmis protein A­sTan (PAPP­A) erTad, β­HCG­is gansaz­Rvra gamoiyeneba 21. trisomias skriningis dros (e.w. sammagi testi).

adrenalini plazmaSi, SardSi +++

nf � plazma: 30 – 85 ng/l (165 – 468 pmol/l). � Sardi: damokidebulia asakze:

– mozrdilebi: 4­20 mkg/24 sT (22­110 nmol/l, Segrovebul SardSi).

! mniSvnelovania dd dif. diagnozi

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20

– bavSvebi: < 2 welze: < 75 mkg/g kre a tinini (< 47 nmol/mmol kreati ni ni, spontanur SardSi).2- 8 weli: < 35 mkg/g kreatinini (< 22 nmol/

mmol kreatinini, spontanur SardSi).9­16 weli: < 25 mkg/g kreatinini (< 16 nmol/

mmol kreatinini, spontanur SardSi).

ma 20 ml F 24­saaTiani Sardi, SemJavebuli 10 ml. 10 %­iani gayinuli ZmarmJavaTi an marilmJa­vaTi (SeuTanxmdiT laboratorias). Segroveb­uli Sardidan sinjis aRebamde Sardis sruli raodenoba kargad aurieT. bavSvebSi gamokv­leva tardeba SemJavebul spontanur SardSi.Tavi SeikaveT Zlieri fizikuri datvirTvisgan. Tu SesaZlebelia, ar miiRoT: barbituratebi, salicilatebi, antihipertonuli medikamente­bi, vinaidan isini gavlenas axdenen adrenalinis gamoTavisuflebaze (8­dRiani Terapiuli pau­za). Sardis Segrovebis periodSi ar gamoiyenoT araviTari rentgenologiuri sakontrasto nivTiereba, romelic gamoiyofa TirkmlebiT.dieta: ar SeiZleba – alkoholi, yava, Cai, vit. B, banani. plazmaSi gansazRvrisas: pacienti venidan sisxlis aRebamde 30 wT. unda iwves.

! adrenalinTan erTad gansazRvreT noradren­alini, dofamini; SesaZlebelia homovanilini­sa da vanilinnuSismJavas, an metanefrinis gansazRvra SardSi. SesaZlebelia dagexma­roT damatebiT metanefrinis / adrenalinis gansazRvra plazmaSi.

dd � ↑↑ : feoqromocitoma, neiroblastoma, gang­lineiroma, mZime arteriuli hipertonia.

� ↑ : karcinoidi, kuSingis sindromi, miokar­diumis mwvave infarqti.

� krizebiT mimdinare hipertoniis, aseve feoqromocitomis dros SesaZlebelia maCvenebeli norma iyos, Tu Sardi ar aris Segrovebuli hipertonuli krizis dros.

nf normis farglebi ma masala

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21

� mkveTrad dabali, zRvruli maCveneblebi bavSvebsa da CvilebSi mniSvnelovania nei­roblastomis diagnostikisTvis.

F dofamini SardSi. F noradrenalini SardSi.F homovanilinis mJava SardSi.

adrenokortikotropuli hormoni (ACTH)

+++

sinonimi: ACTH (Adrenocorticotropic hormone).

nf mozrdilebi/bavSvebi:� 7:00 – 10:00 sT: 9 – 52 pg/ml.� 20:00 – 22:00 sT: < 30 pg/ml.

ma 3 ml EDTA­plazma, Li­hepariniani­plazma. Zveli rekomendaciebisgan gansxvavebiT, dRe s dReobiT aRar aris saWiro sisxlisgan plaz mis swrafad gamoyofa da myarad gayinva. ma sala laboratoriaSi unda moxvdes 24 sT­is ganmavlobaSi. cirkaduli ritmis gamo, ma­sala aiReT dilis 8 sT­ze, radgan am dros maCvenebeli yvelaze maRalia.

! rekomendebulia paralelurad F kortizo­lis gansazRvra.

dd � ↑↑↑ : adisonis daavadeba (Tirkmelzeda jir­kvlis pirveladi ukmarisoba).

� ↑↑: eqtopuri ACTH ­ produqcia, mag: bron­quli karcinomis dros.

� ↑: centraluri genezis kuSingis daavadeba.� ↓: kuSingis sindromi Tirkmelzeda jirkv­

lis avtonomiis /­ simsivnis, hipopituita­rizmis dros.

! mniSvnelovania dd dif. diagnozi

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22

alanin-aminotransferaza (ALAT) +

sinonimi: alanin­transaminaza (ALT – Ala-nine transaminase), alanin­aminotransferaza (ALAT – Alanine aminotransferase), glutamat­piruvat­transaminaza (GPT – Glutamic pyruvic transaminase).

nf � qalebSi: 10 – 35 erT/l.� kacebSi: 10 – 50 erT/l.

ma 1 ml Srati.mxolod xanmokle venuri Segubeba, Tavidan aicileT hemolizi.

dd mniSvnelovani RviZlspecifikuri fermentia, warmoiqmneba hepatocitebis citoplazmaSi.� ↑↑↑: mwvave hepatiti, mwvave toqsikuri da­

zianeba.� ↑↑ : infeqciuri mononukleozi, cirozi, Rvi­

Zlis Segubeba, qronikuli aqtiuri hepatiti. � ↑: mwvave pankreatiti, gulis infarqti,

hepatocelularuli karcinoma, RviZlSi difuzuri metastazebi, salicilatebiT maRaldozirebuli mkurnaloba, heparini.

� deritis koeficienti: ASAT / ALAT:– maCvenebeli > 1: RviZlis mZime daziane­

ba, xSiri konstelacia RviZlis alko­holur dazianebasTan.

– maCvenebeli < 1: RviZlis naklebad mniS­vnelovani dazianeba, xSiri konstelacia hepatitTan.

damatebiT gansazRvreT: F ASAT , F GLDH, F g­GT.

albumini Tav-zurg-tvinis siTxeSi

+

nf 10 – 35 mg/dl (0,1 – 0,35 g/l).indeqsi – albumini liqvorSi / albumini SratSi : ≤ 0,007.

nf normis farglebi ma masala

abg

23

ma 1 ml Tav­zurg­tvinis siTxe (liqvori).

! mxolod liqvorSi albuminis koncentraciis gansazRvra ar aris sakmarisi, liqvor­Sratis indeqsis gamosaTvlelad aucilebelia para­lelurad SratSi albuminis gansazRvra.

dd ↑ : hemato­encefaluri barieris dazianeba.

F liqvoris analizi.

F IgG liqvorSi.

albumini SardSi +++

nf � ≤ 20 mg/l.

� ≤ 30 mg/24 sT.

ma 50 ml Sardi; Sardis kreatininTan Sefardebis SemTxvevaSi: dilis 2. Sardi.

dd ↑ : dazianebuli glomeruluri filtracia: diabeturi nefropaTiis adreuli simptomi. keTdeba sxva cilebTan erTad Tirkmlisa da Sardis gamomyofi gzis sxvadasxva daavadebis dros. Sardis cilebis diferencirebisTvis CaatareT F disk­eleqtroforezi.

albumini SratSi +

nf 3,7 – 5,3 g/dl (37 – 53 g/l).

ma 1 ml Srati.

dd ↑ : fsevdohiperalbuminemia eqsikozis dros.↓: nawlavuri an Tirkmlismieri cilis kargva, damwvroba kanidan cilis kargviT, malabsor­bcia, mwvave da qronikuli infeqciebi, avT­visebiani daavadebebi, RviZlis cirozi, or­suloba.

! mniSvnelovania dd dif. diagnozi

abg

237

6

saZiebeli

238

saZi

ebel

ia

abetalipoproteinemia 120

aborti, habitualuri 70, 85, 127

adamianis genetika 153

adamianis imunodeficitis virusi 1 171

adamianis imunodeficitis virusi 2 171

adamianis qoriongonado­tropini

_ SratSi 19, 229

_ SardSi 18

adenozin­monofosfat­de­aminazas deficiti 154

adenovirusi 172

adenokarcinoma 231, 234

adisonis krizi 109, 194, 195

adisonis daavadeba 21, 58, 67

adisonis sindromi 21, 58, 67

adrenalini 19

adrenogenitaluri sindro­mi 1118, 154

adrenokortikotropuli hormoni 21, 73

adrenokortikotropuli hormonis grZeli testi 194

adrenokortikotropuli hormonis mokle testi 195

adrenokortikotropuli hormonis produqcia, paraneoplastiuri 73

adrenokortikotropuli hormonis sindromi, eqtopuri 21, 200

avTvisebiani simsivne 65, 75, 78, 81, 96, 97, 103, 113, 123, 124, 133, 140, 141, 142, 143, 227

azbestozi 97

azialotransferini 118

azoospermia 154

aTerosklerozis riski 84

aiv­infeqcia 26, 31, 65, 87, 113, 187, 206

akromegalia 42, 74, 127

alanin­aminotransferaza 22

albumini 22, 23, 54

aldosteroni 24

alergia 112

alveoluri proteinozi, Tandayolili 155, 156

alkalozi 89

_ metaboluri 68, 108

_ respiratoruli 68, 108, 128

alkoholizmi 28, 39, 53, 61, 85, 119, 126, 128

alportis sindromi 162

α -amilaza 25

α 1-antitrifsini 32

_ deficiti 154

α 1-globulini 140

α 2-globulini 140

α 1-fetoproteini 124, 229

α 2-ceruloplazmini 137

α -hidroqsibutiratdehi­drogenaza 147

alchaimeris daavadeba 155

ameba 172

amenorea 100, 208

_ meoradi 195, 201, 208

_ pirveladi 195, 201, 208

amiaki 24

amiloidozi 65, 139, 140, 141

239

angioedema

_ angionevrotuli 71

_ memkvidruli 71

angiotenzinis konversiis fermenti 26

androgen­rezistentoba 155

anTebebi 45, 50, 110, 111, 133, 137

_ mwvave 140

_ qronikuli 64, 123

anTebiTi reaqciebi 110

anemia

_ aplastiuri 102, 110, 114

_ Tirkmlismieri 49, 111

_ makrocituri 110

_ megakarioblasturi 80

_ megaloblasturi 102, 114, 115, 126, 146, 155, 157

_ mikrocituri 110

_ mikrocituri hipoqro­muli 111

_ perniciozuli 37, 53, 67, 68, 78, 95, 218, 219

_ sideroblasturi 102, 103, 111, 159

_ hemolizuri 37, 78, 102, 111, 114

anizocitozi 113

anionebis cdoma 109

antacidebi 39, 85

antiglutamat­dekarboqsi­lazas as 26

antidiurezuli hormoni 27

antiTrombini 28

antiTrombin III­is deficiti 155

antimitoqondriuli as 31, 134

antineitrofiluri cito­plazmuri as 30

antinuklearuli as 31, 134, 149

antimikrosomuli as 29

antisxeulebi

_ anti­glutamat­dekar­boqsilazas 26

_ antimikrosomuli 29

_ antimitoqondruli 29, 134

_ antineitrofiluri citoplazmuri 30

_ antinuklearuli 24, 31

_ araregularuli 32

_ acetinqolinrecepto­ris 34

_ bazaluri membranis 35

_ gliadinis 40

_ gluvi kunTis mimarT 41, 134

_ gulis kunTis 43

_ endomiziumis 47

_ erTjaWviani dnm­is mimarT 48, 151

_ eqstrahirebadi birT­vis ag­is mimarT 38

_ Tireoglobulinis 56

_ Tireoidmastimulire­buli hormonis recep­toris 57

_ Tirkmelzeda jirkv­lis 58

_ Tirozin­fosfatazas 58

_ TSH-receptoris 57

_ insulinis 65

_ `intrinzik~­faqtoris 67

saZi

ebel

i

240

_ kardiolipinis 70

_ kunZulovani ujre­debis 75

_ nRNP 103

_ orjaWviani dnm­is mimarT 93, 151

_ parietuli ujredebis 95

_ PM-Scl 97

_ ribonukleinis cilis 103

_ sistemuri daavade­bebis 151

_ SS-A 117, 151

_ SS-B 117, 151

_ SCL-70 116

_ fosfolipiduri 127

_ qsovilovani trans­glutaminazas 48

_ RviZl­Tirkmelis mik­rosomuli 133

_ RviZlis xsnadi ag­is mimarT 134

_ centriolebis 136

_ centromerebis 136

_ jo-1- 143

_ histon 149

antisxeulebis deficitis sindromi 63, 81

antisxeulebis Zebnis testi 32

antistafilolizini 181

antistreptolizinis reaq­cia 182

anti­Sm 151

antifosfolipiduri sindromi 70, 85, 96

antihistoni 151

anulocitebi 113

anusis karcinoma 226, 231

apolipoprotein­E­poli­morfizmi 153

ara­autoimunuri Tireo­diti 56

ara­mcire­ujreduli bron­quli karcinoma 227, 235

araregularuli as 32

araspecifikuri esTeraza 80

ara­hojkinis limfoma 60, 65, 87

arTriti

_ enteropaTiuli 18

_ reaqtiuli 18

_ revmatoiduli 18, 31, 48, 64, 96, 101, 178

_ iuveniluri 18

arteriosklerozisadmi ganwyoba 155

arteriuli hipertonia 51, 91

_ mZime 20, 47, 150

as­deficitis sindromi 140

asTma bronquli 51

askarida 183

askorbinis mJava 53

aspartat­aminotransferaza 33

aspergilozi 83

aspergilusi 173

ataqsia

_ epizoduri 155

_ spinocerebelaruli 155

_ fridrixis 155

atopia 62, 63

atransferinemia, Tandayo­lili 155

aueris Cxirebi 114saZi

ebel

i

241

autoimunopaTiebi 110

autoantisxeulebi 151

_ sanaRvele gzebis 151

_ kolagenozebi 151

_ RviZlis 151

autoimunuri daavadebebi 50, 62, 65, 72, 87, 90, 99, 127, 134, 232

_ sanaRvle gzebis 134

_ RviZlis 134

autoimunuri Tireoiditi, atrofiuli 56, 57, 58

autoimunuri sindromi, polijirkvlovani 56, 58

autoimunuri hemolizi 77, 145

autoimunuri hepatiti 31, 41, 133, 134

aqondroplazia 155

acetilqolinreceptoris­as 34, 35

acidozi

_ Tirkmlis milakovani 68, 127, 131

_ metaboluri 67, 68, 79, 108, 109

_ normoqloremiuli momatebuli anionebis cdomiT 109

_ respiratoruli 108

_ hiperqloremiuli normaluri anionebis cdomiT 109

axalSobilTa siyviTle 37

axalSobilTa gaxangrZlive­buli siyviTle 33

axalSobilTa hemolizuri daavadeba 77

ahaptoglobinemia 143

b

bazaluri membranis as 35

bazedovis daavadeba 56, 58

bazofilia 112

_ marcvlovaneba 113

barierebis darRveva 41

barteris sindromi 68, 102

benzoliT intoqsikacia 141

ß­adamianis qoriongonado­tropini

_ SardSi 18

_ SratSi 19, 229

ß­globulini 140

ß­karotini 70

ß2-mikroglobulini 87

bexterevis daavadeba 18, 116, 140

bikarbonati 107, 108

bikarbonatis kargva 131

biTermuli hemolizini 45

bilirubini

_ medikamentis gavlena 7

_ SardSi 36

_ SratSi 36

bronquli karcinoma 21, 62, 69, 90, 97, 100, 102, 215, 227, 232

_ mcire­ujreduli 227, 232

_ ara­mcire­ujreduli 235

brtyeli epiTeliumis kar­cinoma 231

brucelozi 81

buTiril­(fsevdo)­qolines­Terazas deficiti 155 sa

Zieb

eli

242

buStnamqeri 18, 19, 229

g

gamomwvevebis gamovlena 166

_ pirdapiri 166

_ arapirdapiri 168

galaqtozemia 155

gama­glutamiltranspep­tidaza 38

gamopaTia

_ monoklonuri 63, 64, 65

_ poliklonuri 63

ganglioneiroma 91, 150

gastrini 39, 216, 226

gastrinoma 40, 216, 226

gastriti

_ atrofiuli 40

_ A tipis 40, 53, 58, 67, 95

_ qronikul­atrofiuli 218, 219

gastroenterologiuri simsivneebi 226

γ- enolaza 232

gauvaloba, meqanikuri 139

gestagenis testi 195

gestaciuri diabeti 76, 211, 213

γ-globulini 140, 141

γ-glutamiltranspeptidaza 58

_ medikamentebis gavlena 8

ginekologiuri simsivneebi 227

gliadinis as 40

glikogeni 80

glomerulonefriti 67, 71, 72, 87, 116, 182

_ membrano­prolifer­aciuli 72

gluvi kunTis mimarT antis­xeulebi 41

glukagonis nakleboba 42

glukagonis testi 196

glukokortikoidebiT Te­rapia 42, 89, 112, 136, 203

glukoza 41

_ liqvorSi 41

_ uzmoze 42

_ SardSi 42

_ SratSi 41

glukoza uzmoze 42

glukoza­6­fosfat­dehi­drogenazas nakleboba 145, 155

glukozis tolerantoba, paTologiuri 212

glukozis tolerantobis testi, oraluri 213

glukozuria 211

_ Tirkmlismieri 155

_ orsulobis 43

glutamatdehidrogeneza 43

glutamat­oqsalacetat­transaminaza 33

glutamat­piruvat­transam­inaza 22

granulomatozi, qronikuli 155

granulocitebi 114

gripis virusi A 174

gripis virusi B 174

gudpasCeris sindromi 35

gumprextis birTvis Crdil­ebi 115

saZi

ebel

i

243

gulis daavadebebi, anTe­biTi 75

gulis kunTis as 43, 75

gulis ukmarisoba 51, 89, 92, 93, 97, 136, 138, 202

gulyra 75, 100

G­ujreduli hiperplazia 40

grZeli- QT­sindromi 163

d

dabali T3-sindromi 129

dakriocitebi 114

damwvrobebi 23, 74, 89, 114, 120, 139, 145

dasxiveba 110, 135

datvirTva, fizikuri 75, 79, 112, 116, 138, 145, 211

δ-aminolevulinis mJava 25, 98, 99

D-dimeri 45

dezoqsinukleotidil­transferaza, terminal­uri 80

delfeC­lixTbaus indeqsi 61, 34

deritis indeqsi 22, 34

dermatozebi 112

dermatomioziti 31, 38, 97, 143

desmopresinacetatis testi 198

deferoqsaminis testi 198

defeqturi disproteinemia 140

deficituri anemia 102

deqsametazonis daTrgunvis testi 73

deqsametazonis mokle testi 200

deqsametazonis grZeli testi 199

dehidratacia 139

diabeti, uSaqro 28, 89, 93, 94, 160, 198, 201, 202, 221

_ Tirkmlismieri 89, 93, 94, 198, 201, 202, 221

_ centraluri 198, 201, 202, 221

diabeti, Saqriani 26, 27, 42, 43, 58, 59, 66, 68, 75, 76, 79, 82, 85, 119, 133, 142, 144, 196, 197, 207, 212

_ dekompensirebuli 79

_ “pankreopriver” 142_ orsuloba 76

_ I tipis 76, 142, 196, 197

_ pirveladi manifesta­cia 27, 59, 76, 142

_ II tipis 42, 141, 142, 160

diabeturi nefropaTia 21, 75

diaforazas deficiti 87

dibukainis maCvenebeli 133

dieta 16

dilis Sardi 12

disavtonomia, ojaxuri 51

dis­beta­lipoproteinemia 153

diseminirebuli sisxlZarRv­Sida Sededeba 29, 45, 88, 114

disk­eleqtroforezi 45

disfibrinogenemia 59

distrofia, miotonuri 158

diurezi, osmosuri 89, 94, 201, 202

dihidropirimidin­dehi­drogenezas defeqti 155

1,25­dihidroqsi­qolekal­

saZi

ebel

i

244

ciferoli 53

dolis sxeulakebi 114, 115

donaT­landStaineris hemo­lizini 45

dofamini, SardSi 46

drepanocitebi 114

e

edr 49

eds 49

elastaza­1 47

eliptocitozi 50, 114

endokarditi 70, 72, 112

endokrinopaTiebi, autoi­munuri 67, 95

endomiziumis as 47

enterovirusi 174

enteropaTia, eqsudaciuri 120, 133, 137, 139, 141

encefaliti 41, 55

encefalopaTia 24

_ portosistemuri 24

eozinofili 111

epStein­baris­virusi 174

erTjaWviani dnm­is mimarT as 48, 151

eriTroleikemia 80

eriTropoezi, araefeqturi 37, 103, 123

eriTropoetini 48

eriTrocitebi 109, 115, 135

_ dismorfuli 49, 135

eriTrocitebis indeqsebi 111

eriTrocitebis morfolo­gia SardSi 49

eriTrocitebis rezisten­

toba 50

eriTrocituli cilindrebi 49, 135

eriTrocituria 49

estrogen­gestagenis testi 201

estrogen­Terapia 73, 102, 119

estrogenisadmi rezisten­toba 155

eqsikozi 23, 110, 136, 221

eqsudati, plevris pun­qtati 96

eqinokoki

_ granulosus 175

_ multilocularis 175

eqinokokozi 175

v

vagotomia 40

vazoaqtiuri intestinal­uri polipeptidi 90

vazopaTiebi 116

vazopresinis testi 201

valproinis mJava, medika­mentebis gavlena 7

valdenStromis daavadeba 65, 81, 141

vanilinnuSis mJava 51

varfarinze mgrZnobeloba 155

vaskuliti 30, 64, 126, 127

_ Tirkmlis CarTviT 72

vilsonis daavadeba 116, 137, 140, 164

vegeneris granulomatozi 30

vesternbloti 168

venis Trombozi 127

virusis diagnostika,

saZi

ebel

i

245

pirdapiri 169

virusuli infeqciebi 110

virusuli pnevmonia 81

vitamini A 51

vitamini B1 52

vitamini B12

52, 218

_ deficiti 60, 111

_ rezorbciis testi 218

vitamini B6 52

vitamini C 53

vitamini D3 53

_ deficiti 127, 128

vitamini K 54

_ deficiti 123, 130

vitiligo 67, 95

z

zurgis tvinis milis defe­qti 158, 229

T

Tav­zurg­tvinis siTxis analizi 55

Tavis tvinis abscesi 41

Tavis tvinis daavadebebi 28

Tavis tvinis infarqti 33, 127

Tavis tvinis simsivneebi 55

Talasemia 37, 50, 102, 103, 111, 146, 155, 156

Tandayolili alveoluri proteinozi 156

Tandayolili uni­ an bi­lateraluri aplazia Vas Deferens­is 156

Tiamini 52

Tireoglobulinis as 56

Tireoglobulini 230

_ antisxeulebi 56

Tireoid­mastimulirebeli hormoni 56

Tireoiduli peroqsidazas as 58

Tireotoqsikozi 112

Tireotropin­rilizing hormonis testi 202

Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis mi­marT as 58

Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis qerqi 118

Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis qerqis avtonomia 21

Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis qerqis ukmarisoba 24, 42, 58, 68, 73, 194, 195

_ meoradi 209

Tirkmelzeda jirkvlis qerqis simsivne 21

Tirkmlismieri anemia 49, 111

Tirkmlis milakovani aci­dozi 68

Tirkmlis funqcia 141

Tirkmlis ukmarisoba 18, 19, 25, 53, 54, 67, 68, 69, 74, 85, 88, 93, 127, 128, 135, 136, 203, 232

Tirkmlis dazianeba, mila­kovani 43

Tirkmlis gziT marilebis kargva 67, 89

Tirkmlis policisturi daavadeba 156

Tirkmlis simsivneebi 116

Tirozin­fosfatazas as 58

Tiroqsini 128

saZi

ebel

i

246

_ Tavisufali 128

_ saerTo 128

Trombinis dro 59

Tromboembolia 100, 101

Trombozi 126, 153, 154

Trombopenia

_ hepariniT inducirebu­li 59

_ medikamentebiT ga­mowveuli 60

Tromboplastinis dro 130

Trombotul­Trombocito­peniuri purpura 110, 145, 156

Trombofilia 29, 34

_ ganwyoba 156

_ memkvidruli 156

Trombocitebi 59, 109

Trombocitebis as 60

Trombocitozi 68, 88

TrombocitopaTia 106

TuTia 60

i

izoenzimebi 25, 75, 78, 121

imobilizacia 69

imunobloti 168

imunoglobulini A 63

imunoglobulini A­derma­tozi, xazovani 35

imunoglobulini A-pemfi­goidi 35

imunoglobulini D 63

imunoglobulini E 63

imunoglobulini G 64

_ Tav­zurg­tvinis

siTxeSi 61

imunoglobulini G­indeqsi 56, 61

imunoglobulini G qvekla­sebi, SratSi 62

_ nakleboba 62

imunoglobulini M 64

imunoglobulinebi, SratSi 63

imunoeleqtroforezi 65

imunokompleqsebi 64

imunoTrombocitopenia 60, 110

imunopaTiebi 110

imunosorbentuli ag kvle­va 167

imunosupresia 63, 64, 141

imunofluorescencia, pirdapiri 167

imunofluorescenciis testi 168

imunuri defeqti, ujredu­li 63

imunofiqsacia 65

In-situ-hibridizacia 167

insulini 226

insulinis as 65

insulinis autoantisx­eulebi 66

insulinoma 42, 141, 196, 197, 220, 226

interleikini 84

intersticiuri nefriti 135

infeqciebi 15, 23, 25, 50, 52, 55, 62, 64, 67, 72, 84, 85, 97, 101, 108, 110, 112, 114, 115, 133, 145, 232

_ baqteriuli 55

saZi

ebel

i

247

_ virusuli 55, 72, 99, 110

_ mZime 101, 112, 114, 115

_ mwvave 67

_ respiratoruli, xSiri 62

_ sokoTi gamowveuli 99

_ qronikuli 23, 52, 62, 63, 72

infeqciuri daavadebebi 90

infeqciuri mononukleozi 22, 33, 46, 112, 115, 137, 143

irinoTekanis­toqsikuroba 162

iuveniluri poliarTriti 48

k

kaTeteriT aRebuli Sardi 14

kaliumi

_ SardSi 68

_ SratSi 67

kalmanis sindromi 163

kalcitonini 68, 230

kalciumi

_ medikamentebis gavlena 8

_ SardSi 69

_ SratSi 69

kandida 175

kanis dezinfeqcia 9

kardioencefalomiopaTia, fetaluri infantiluri 156

karnitin­palmiToiltran­feraza­2­is deficiti 156

karcinoembrionuli anti­geni 231

kardiolipini 151

kardiolipinis as 70

kardiomiopaTia 29, 43

_ hipertrofuli, ojax­uri 156

karcinoidi 20, 47, 91, 105, 150, 226

_ intestinaluri 232

karcinoidis sindromi 51, 149

karcinoma 51

_ analuri 226, 231

_ bronquli 90, 227, 232

_ kuWis 226

_ metastazuri 94, 228

_ msxvili nawlavis 158, 226, 231

_ pankreasis 226, 231, 233, 234

_ prostatis 88, 90, 116, 228, 233

_ sakvercxis 228

_ sanaRvle gzebis 121, 226

_ sarZeve jirkvlis 97, 226, 228

_ saylapavis 226

_ saSvilosnos 228, 231

_ saSvilosnos yelis 228, 231

_ swori nawlavis 226

_ farisebri jirkvlis 56, 69, 160, 214, 230

_ RviZl­ujreduli 22, 39, 43, 121, 226, 229

_ yel­cxvir­xaxis 231

_ Sardis buStis 235

_ C­ujreduli 215, 226

_ hipernefroiduli 49

kastracia 86, 118

katabolia 136

kavasakis sindromi 63

saZi

ebel

i

248

kebotis rgolebi 113

keTilTvisebiani monoklon­uri gamopaTia 65

ketoacidozi 43, 89, 109, 112

kvaSiorkori 116

kveba, parenteruli 53, 61, 85, 116

kvebis deficiti 52

klainfelteris daavadeba 86

klainfelteris sindromi 125, 163

klomifenis testi 203

kobalamini 52

kolagenozebi 31, 65, 102, 136

_ autoantisxeulebi 151

karcinoma, msxvili nawlavis 226, 231, 234

_ memkvidruli, arapoli­pozuri 158

koma, diabeturi 68

kompartment­sindromi 88

komplementi

_ C1-esteraza inhibi­tori 71

_ C3-komplement faq­tori 71

_ CH 50 72

_ deficiti 71

_ moxmareba 72

komplementis aqtiuroba, saerTo hemolizuri 72

komplementis dakavSirebis reaqcia 168

kompresiis sindromi 56

konis sindromi 68, 102, 215

kontraceptiuli saS. 39

koproporfiria, meoradi 98

koproporfiria, memkvi­druli 25, 98, 156

koproporfirini 99

kortizoli 72

_ dRis profili 204

kortikotropin­rilizing faqtoris testi 205

kortikotropin­rilizing hormonis testi 205

kraniosinostozi 157

kreatinini

_ medikamentebis gavlena 8

_ SardSi 74

_ SratSi 74

kreatininis klirensi 74

kreatinkinaza 75

kreatinfosfokinaza 75

krioglobulinemia 71, 137

kriptokokozi

_ diseminirebuli 187

konis daavadeba 215

kronis daavadeba 31, 53, 64, 82, 210

kunTebis nekrozi 75

kunTebis travma 33

kunTis gagleja 74

kunTovani atrofia 33

_ duSen­bekeris 157

_ spinobulbaluri (kene­dis tipis) 157

kultivireba 166

kumbsis testi 76

_ arapirdapiri 76

_ pirdapiri 76

kunZulebis ujredebis au­toantisxeulebi 75sa

Zieb

eli

249

kunZul­ujreduli karci­noma 232

kuSingis daavadeba 21

kuSingis sindromi 20, 42, 47, 68, 69, 73, 89, 91, 112, 200, 204, 206

_ dif. diagnozi 73

_ centraluri 21

kuWis karcinoma 226, 231, 234

kuWis rezeqcia 40

l

laziqsis testi 215

laielis sindromi 86

laronis tipis mokle sta­tura 157

lateqs­aglutinacia 167

laqtati

_ liqvorSi 78

_ plazmSi 78

laqtatacidozi 109

laqtaddehidrogenaza 78

_ deficiti 157

laqtacia 126

laqtozas datvirTvis testi 206

laqtozas autanloba 157, 207

_ pirveladi 206

_ meoradi 206

laqtozas malabsorbcia 206

laqtozas tolerantobis testi 206

LDL-qolesterini 82, 83, 131

LDL/HDL-indeqsi 132

legionela 176

leikocituri tute fosfa­

taza 80

leiSmania 177

leiSmaniozi

_ visceraluri 177

_ kanis 177

_ kan­lorwovanis 177

leikemia 60, 63, 64, 80, 81, 114, 116, 126, 135, 157

_ limfoiduri 80

_ mieloiduri 112, 114

_ mielomonocituri 80

_ mwvave 80

_ mwvave limfoiduri 80, 81

_ mwvave mieloiduri 80, 114

_ promielocituri 80

_ qronikuli limfoi­duri 63, 64, 81, 115

_ qronikuli mieloi­duri 80

leikocitebi 110

leikocitebis diferencia­cia, citoqimiuri 79

leikocituri tute fosfa­taza 80

leikocituri cilindrebi 135

leicin­aminopeptidaza 80

liazas jaWvuri reaqcia 167

lizisi 120

limfoma 81, 87, 97, 112, 113, 123, 126, 157

_ avTvisebiani 60, 65, 81, 112, 115, 123

limfomonocitoiduri mwife formebi 115

limfocitebi 55, 81, 90, 115

_ B-limfocitebi 81

saZi

ebel

i

250

_ T-limfocitebi 81

lipaza 82

lipiduri statusi 82

lipopolisaqarid­dakav­Sirebuli proteini 83

lipopolisaqarid­enzim­da­kavSirebuli imunosor­bentuli kvleva 168

lipoproteini (a) 83, 84

lipoprotein­lipazas def­iciti 157

liqvoris analizi 55

liqvor­Sratis indeqsi 23, 61

L-Tiroqsini 129, 203

lorwovani ujredis karci­nomis antigeni 231

lupus­antikoagulantebi 84

m

magniumi 85

makroamilazemia 25

makroglobulinemia 93

makrokreatinkinaza 85

makrofagebis aqtivoba 90

makulodistrofia 157

malabsorbcia 23, 52, 53, 54, 103, 116, 128, 133, 139, 206

malaria 64, 72, 112, 145, 157, 180, 181

_ ganwyoba 157

_ quartana 180

_ tertiana 180

_ tropica 180

malasimilacia 147

malasimilaciis sindromi 71, 126, 132

maldigescia 139

malnutricia 52, 53, 54, 71, 103, 126, 132, 133, 139, 147, 203

maluTeinizirebeli hor­moni 86

marazmi 120

marfanis sindromi 163

marShemoglobinuria 145

masala laboratoriuli diagnostikisTvis 10

mastopaTia 232

medikamentebi

_ gavlena laborato­riul maCveneblebze 7

meduloblastoma 49

megaloblasturi anemia 102, 115, 126, 146, 157

megalocitebi 114

mezenteruli infarqti 79

meTanoliT intoqsikacia 109

meTilentetrahidrofo­lat­reduqtazas de­feqti 157

melanoma, avTvisebiani 147, 157

memkvidruli kopropor­firia 25

meningiti 41, 55, 56, 79, 179, 181, 188

_ baqteriuli 55, 56, 79, 179, 181, 188

_ virusuli 55, 56

_ tuberkulozuri 41, 56

meningokokebi 179

menopauza 86, 100

metopironis testi 209

metoklopramidis testi 208

saZi

ebel

i

251

methemoglobini 87

methemoglobinemia 87

miasTenia 35

_ generalizebuli 35

_ okularuli 35

mielodisplaziuri sindro­mi 111

mielofibrozi 80

mieloiduri leikemia 112

mieloproliferaciuli daa­vadebebi 80, 110, 112, 113

mikroskopia 166

mikroskopuli poliangiiti 31

mikrosomuli as 58

miliaruli tuberkulozi 81

mikobaqteriebi 179

mikoplazmebi 180

mikoplazmuri infeqciebi 137

mikoplazmuri pnevmonia 46, 180

mioglobini 88

mioglobinemia 147

mioglubinuria, paroqsiz­muli 74

miokardiumis infarqti 33, 44, 75, 78, 88, 112, 120, 140, 142, 147, 157, 203

_ ganwyoba 157

miokarditi 78

miopaTia 74, 78

mioziti 75

miotonuri distrofia 158

miotonia, Tandayolili bekeris 158

miotonia, Tandayolili Tomsenis 158

`mocilebis~ reaqcia 90

`mogvianebiTi dempingis“ sindromi 42

moilengraxtis daavadeba 163

molekulur­biologiuri markeri 153

monetebis svetebis warmo­qmna 114

mononukleozi, infeqciuri 22, 33, 46, 78, 81, 112, 115, 137, 143, 175, 178, 186

monocitebi 112

motexiloba 122

moculobis deficiti 94

moSkovicis sidromi 114, 145

moxmarebis koagulopaTia 29, 59, 78, 96, 100, 101, 110, 123, 125, 126, 130

mJave fosfataza 80, 88

mJava­tutovani statusi 107

mravalnayofiani orsulo­ba 124

mravlobiTi endokrinuli neoplazia 163, 215

mravlobiTi mieloma 87

msxvili nawlavis karcinoma 158, 266, 231, 234

mukoviscidozi 62, 63, 158

myes­Tmis­hipoplazia McKu-sick 158

myife­X­sindromi 158

mcire­ujreduli bronquli karcinoma 69, 227, 232

mZime jaWvebis daavadeba 141

mwvave­PTCA 120

mwvave limfoiduri leike­mia 80, 81

mwvave fazis cila 33, 84, 137 saZi

ebel

i

252

mwvave fazis reaqcia 125, 126, 143

n

namglisebur­ujreduli anemia 50, 111, 114, 146

natriumi

_ SardSi 89

_ SratSi 89

nawlavis daavadebebi, qron­ikuli anTebebi 25, 31, 53, 61, 206, 210, 217

nawlavis vazoaqtiuri polipeptidi 90

naxSirorJangis parcialuri wneva 107

N-benzol­Tirozil­paraami­nobenzomJavas testi 210

neiroblastoma 20, 47, 91, 150

neiron­as 152

nekerCxlis sirofis daa­vadeba 158

neofterini 90

nefriti, intersticiuli 68, 135

nefrozuli sindromi 28, 29, 50, 54, 62, 64, 70, 71, 89, 97, 116, 125, 132, 133, 135, 137, 139, 140, 141, 143

nefroliTiazi 69

nefropaTia 61

_ diabeturi 23, 75

nefrosklerozi 67

neoronspecifikuri enola­za 232

neiropaTia 1A 158

neiropaTia 2A 158

neiropaTia 2B 158

neitralizaciis testi 168

neitrofili 112

_ segmentbirTviani 111

_ CxirbirTviani 111

nikotindamokidebuleba 51, 73, 87

noradrenalini 90

o

obstruqciuli siyviTle 36, 37, 43, 116, 140, 141

ovalocitebi 114

ovulaciis damTrgunvele­bi 29

olbraitis memkvidruli osteodistrofia 158

oliguria 85

oraluri glukozas tole­rantobis testi 211

orTomiqso­virusebi 174

orsulTa glukozuria 43

orsulTa dacva 32

_ wiTura 187

orsulTa qolestazi 37

orsuloba 18, 19, 23, 49, 50, 52, 53, 71, 73, 75, 81, 85, 103, 104, 112, 116, 123, 126, 133, 137, 140,

_ eqtopia 18, 19

osmolaroba 93

osmosuri rezistentoba 50

osteoblastebis aqtivoba 94

osteokalcini 94

osteomalacia 94, 122

osteomieliti 122

osteomielofibrozi 114

saZi

ebel

i

253

osteoporozis riski 158

ojaxuri disavtonomia 51

p

panarteriiti kvanZovani 30, 63, 140

pandis reaqcia 55

pankreasis daavadeba 97

pankreasis karcinoma 226, 231, 234

pankreasis ukmarisoba

_ egzokrinuli 210

_ endokrinuli 42

pankreas­RviZlis antigeni 134

pankreatiti 22, 25, 33, 39, 70, 82, 85, 89, 142, 158

_ memkvidruli 158

_ mwvave 22, 23

_ mwvave, manekrozebeli 70

panmielopaTia 110

parazitebi 97

parazitozebi 63

paraThormoni, intaqturi 94

paraThormonis testi 213

paraproteinemiebi 139, 140, 141

parietuli ujredebis as 95

paradontiti, ganwyoba 158

paraneoplazia 86

parotiti 25

pajetis daavadeba 70, 88, 94, 122

pelger­huetis anomalia 114

pemfigoidi 63

_ bulozuri 35

pentagastrinis testi 214, 230

perikardiumSi siTxe 97

perimiokarditi 44

perioduli cxeleba, oja­xuri 158

peritoniti 139

periferiuli sisxlis nacx­is diferencireba 111

peroqsidaza 80

pielonefriti 67

pirdapiri imunofluores­cencia 167

pirdapiri gamovlena

_ imunologiuri 167

_ molekulur­biologi­uri 167

pirveladi biliaruli ci­rozi 29, 30, 31, 32, 39, 41, 64, 65, 81, 134, 234

pirveladi masklerozirebe­li qolangiti 30, 31, 134

piridoqsini 52

piruvatkinazas deficiti 158

plazmodiebi 180

plazmodiumi

_ falciparum 180

_ maleriae 180

_ ovale 180

_ vivax 180

plazmocitoma 26, 65, 85, 123, 141

plevris punqtati 96

_ eqsudati 96, 97

_ transudati 96, 97

plevriti

_ eqsudaciuri 96, 97

_ simpatikuri 96, 97

pnevmokokebi 181

saZi

ebel

i

254

poikilocitozi 114

poliangiiti

_ mikroskopuli 31

poliarTriti

_ iuveniluri 152

_ qronikuli 149

polidifsia 198, 221

_ pirveladi 93

poliglanduluri auto­imunuri sindromi 57, 58

poliglobulia 50, 110

polimerazas jaWvuri rea­qcia 167

polimioziti 31, 38, 97, 143

polinevriti 51

poliradikuliti 56

poliuria 89, 221

_ masiuri 198

poliqromazia 114

policitemia 59, 60, 135

porfiria 51, 89, 103

_ mwvave, intermisiuli 25, 28, 98, 159

_ qronikuli, hepaturi 98, 147, 159

_ Tandayolili eriTro­poeturi 99, 159

porfirini, SardSi 97

porfobilinogeni 97

postkardiotomiis sindro­mi 44

postmiokardiumis infar­qtis sindromi 44

poststreptokokuli glo­merulonefriti 72

prader­vilis sindromi 164

preanalitika

_ faqtorebi, romlebic axdenen gavlenas 5

_ Secdomebis mizezebi 4

pro­gastrin­rilizing­peptidi 232

progresuli sistemuri sklerozi 1116, 136

progresuli fsevdorevma­tuli displazia 159

proTrombinis dro 130

proinsulini 226

prokalcitonini 99

prolaqtini 100

prolaqtinoma 208

prostatis adenoma 233

prostatis infarqti 88

prostatis karcinoma 88, 90, 228, 233

prostatis specifikuri antigeni 233

prostatis hiperplazia, keTilTvisebiani 233

prostatis hipertrofia 88

proteini C 100

proteini S 101

proteinozi, alveoluri 156

_ Tandayolili 159

proteinuria 45

protonebis tumbos dam­Trgunvelebi 39, 40

protoporfiria

_ eriTropoeturi 159

_ eriTrohepaturi 98

proqsimaluri miotonuri miopaTia (PROMM) 159

purpura, Trombotul­Trombocitopeniuri 110,

saZi

ebel

i

255

145, 156

punqciiT miRebuli Sardi 15

J

JangbadiT gajereba 107

Jangbadis parcialuri wne­va 107

r

radioimunuri kvleva 167

raqiti 54, 122

revmatoiduli faqtori 30, 101, 151

_ iuveniluri 18

rezistentoba

_ aqtivirebuli prote­ini C 34

_ osmosuri 50

renin­aldosteronis orTo­stiuli testi 215

reninis aqtivoba 102

retikulocitebi 102, 109, 111

retikulocitebis krizi 102

retinoli 51

rkina 103

rkinis dakavSirebis unari 104

rkinadeficituri anemia 103

rkinis deficiti / nakle­boba 60, 102, 104, 111, 113, 114, 123

rkinis kargva 103

rotoris sindromi 37

s

24­saaTiani Sardi 13

saerTo porfirini 97

saerTo testosteroni 117

saerTo cila

_ liqvorSi 137

_ SardSi 138

_ SratSi 138

sakvercxe, polikisturi 117

sakvercxis karcinoma 228, 231, 234, 235

sakvercxis simsivneebi 233

sakvercxis ukmarisoba

_ meoradi 86, 125

_ pirveladi 86, 125

_ hipoTalamur­hipofi­zuri 207

saTesleebis funqcia 86

saTesle jirkvlebis sim­sivneebi 228, 229

salicilatebiT intoqsika­cia 109

sammagi­X­sindromi 159

samizsnismagvari eriTroci­tebi 114

sanaRvle gzebi

_ autoantisxeulebi 151

_ autoimunuri daavade­bebi 134

sanaRvle gzebis daavade­bebi 78

sanaRvle gzebis karcinoma 121, 226, 234

sarkoidozi 26, 53, 69, 70, 139

sarZeve jirkvlis karci­noma 69, 97, 116, 226, 228, 231, 234

safexureobrivi diagnos­tika 3

saylapavis karcinoma 226, 231

saZi

ebel

i

256

saSarde gzebis infeqciebi 116

saSvilosnos yelis kibo 228, 231, 235

sekretinis provokaciis testi 216

seminoma 228

septicemia 140

serotonini 226

_ SardSi 105

_ SratSi 105

sefsisi 51, 59, 66, 67, 72, 79, 99, 125, 128, 141

sideroblasturi anemia 159

simsivneebi 81, 119

_ gastrointerstinal­uri 229

_ ginekologiuri 228

_ Tirkmelzeda jirkv­lebis 21

_ Tirkmlebis 116

_ neiroendokrinuli 226, 227

_ saTesle jirkvlebis 228, 229

_ sakvercxis 228

_ Suasayris 227

simsivnis markerebi

_ gastroenterologia 226

_ ginekologia 228

_ pulmonologia 227

_ urologia 228

_ Cvenebis safexurebi 225

simpatikuri nervebis sim­sivneebi 51

simsuqne 73, 119, 133, 213

sistemuri daavadebebi

_ antisxeulebi 151

_ hematologiuri 109, 110

sisxldena 59, 111

_ intrakranialuri 41

_ mwvave 111, 112, 123

_ qronikuli 139

_ Zlieri 110

sisxldeniT gamowveuli anemia 111

sisxldenis dro

_ in vitro 105

_ in vivo 106

sisxli 10

sisxlis airebis analizi 107, 108, 109

sisxlis saerTo analizi 109

sisxli SardSi 115

sisxlis jgufis serologia 32, 115

sifilisi 29, 46, 81, 178

sifilisis serologia 178

siyviTle 37, 122

_ dif. diagnozi 36

_ intrahepaturi 36

_ hemolizuri 36

siciviT inducirebuli au­toanTebiTi sindromi 159

sklerodermia 31, 38, 97, 117, 151

skorbuti 53

spastiuri paraplegia 159

sferocitebi 114

sferocitozi 50, 111

_ memkvidruli 50, 114, 159

spilenZi 116

spinaluri kunTovani atro­fia 159sa

Zieb

eli

257

spinocerebelaruli ataq­sia 159

spleneqtomia 60, 110, 112, 114

spondilo­epifizuri dis­plazia 159

sporti 79

spru 40, 48, 53, 54, 61, 104, 129, 130, 210, 217, 218, 219, 220

standartuli bikarbonati 107

stafilokokebi 181

steatorea 71

steroidTerapia 112

streptokokebi 64, 182

_ anti­dnm­aza­B-as 182

_ anti­streptolizinis reaqcia 182

_ anti­hialuronidazas as 182

stresi 89, 51

surfaqtant­protein­B-s deficiti 159

swori nawlavis karcinoma 226, 231, 234

t

testosteroni 117

_ Tavisufali 118

_ saerTo 117

terneris sindromi 164

tifi 112

torsiondistonia, gener­alizebuli 164

toqsikuri granulacia 114

toqsokara 183

_ canis 183

_ cati 183

toqsoplazma 183

toqsoplazmozi 64, 168, 183

transplantacia 187

transudati, plevris pun­qtati 96

transferini 119

transfuziis garTulebebi 77, 145

trigliceridebi 83, 119

triiodTironini

_ Tavisufali 128

_ saerTo 128

trisomia 13 159

trisomia 18 159

trisomia 21 159

troponini I, kardialuri 120

troponini T, kardialuri 120

tripanosoma

_ brucei 184

_ cruzi 184

_ gambiense 184

_ rhodesiense 184

triqinelozi 184

tuberkulozi 41, 55, 56, 60, 81, 96, 97, 112, 113, 116, 179, 201, 234

tumorhiperkalcemia 95

tute fosfataza 121

_ medikamentebis gavlena 7

tyviiT intoqsikacia, mo wam­lva 25, 98, 103, 113, 114

u

unaxSirwylo, transferini 118

uremia 51, 67, 106, 109, 112, 113, 126, 133 sa

Zieb

eli

258

ureTerosigmoidostomia 131

urobilini 122

urobilinogeni 122

uroliTiazi 116

urologiuri simsivneebi 228

uroporfirinebi 98

ujredis daSla 68

f

fankonis sindromi 60, 68, 89, 110

farisebri jirkvlis karci­noma 56, 214, 230

_ medularuli 69, 230

_ medularuli, ojaxuri 160

farisebri jirkvlis hor­monebi

_ fT3 128

_ fT4 129

_ T3 128

_ T 4 129

faqtori II proTrombinis mutacia G20210A 153

faqtori V, laidenis 154

_ rezistentoba 34

faqtori VIII 123

_ asocirebuli ag 126

_ vWF 126

faqtori VIII R, Ag 126

faqtori IX 123

faRaraTi 47, 52, 62, 67, 68, 85, 89, 94, 128, 207

_ qronikuli 52, 53, 61

fenilketonuria 160

feoqromocitoma 20, 47, 51,

91, 150, 196, 197, 232

feritini 123

fibrin­dimeri 45

fibrinis daSlis produqte­bi 124

fibrinogeni 125

fibrinogenis nakleboba 125

fibrinolizuri Terapia 59

filadelfiuri qromosoma 160

filtvebis daavadebebi 28, 126

_ bavSvTa 33

_ qronikuli 26

filtvis alveoluri pro­teinozi 160

filtvis embolia 33, 78, 97

filtvis emfizema 33, 231

filtvis infarqti 78, 97

filtvis simsivneebi 227

folikulmastimulirebeli hormoni 125

foliumis mJava 126

foliumis mJavas deficiti 102

fon­vilebrandis sindromi 111, 115, 126

fon­vilebrandis faqtori 126

fosfataza

_ mJava 80, 88

_ tute 121

fosfataza, tute, medika­mentebis gavlena 7

fosfolipiduri as 127

fosfori

_ SardSi 127

_ SratSi 128

fragmentocitebi 114saZi

ebel

i

259

fsevdoTrombocitopenia 110

fsevdo­pelgeris ujrede­bi 115

fsevdoqolinesTeraza 132

fsevdoqolinesTerazas deficiti 155, 160

fsevdohiperalbuminemia 23

fsevdohiponatriemia 93

fsevdohipoparaTireoidiz­mi 95, 160, 213, 214

fsoriazi 126

fsoriazuli arTriti 18

fridrixis ataqsia 160

fruqtozas autanloba, memkvidruli 160

funikuluri mielozi 53

frederiqsonis klasifika­cia 83, 153

q

qveda kidurebis venebis Trombozi 127

qviq­testi 130

qimioTerapia 24, 86

qlamidiebi 184

qlamidiuri ureTriti 185

qlamidiuri cerviciti 185

qlori 131

qolangiokarcinoma 121

qolangiti 81

_ pirveladi masklero­zebeli 30, 31, 134

qolestazi 28, 81, 121, 122, 132, 143, 160

_ intrahepaturi ojax­uri 160

_ orsulobis 37

qolesterini 82, 131

_ medikamentebis gavlena 8

qolinesTeraza 132

qondrokalcinozi 160

qoriongonadotropini, adamianis 18, 19, 229

qorionkarcinoma 18, 19, 229

qronikuli­aqtiuri hepa­titi 39, 65, 226

qronikuli­atrofiuli gastriti 219

qiliToraqsi 97

qsilozas testi 217

qsovilis transgutaminazas as 48

1,25­qolekalciferoli 53

25­qolekalciferoli 53

R

Ramis paroqsizmuli hema­turia 158

Ramis paroqsizmuli hemo­globinuria 81, 145

Ramis supresiuli testi 200

Rebineba 67, 68, 89, 128, 131, 197

RviZli

_ autoantisxeulebi 151

_ autoimunuri daavade­bebi 134

RviZlis gacximovneba 39, 43, 133

RviZlis daavadebebi 22, 24, 28, 37, 39, 43, 52, 63, 65, 71, 78, 96, 97, 101, 108, 116, 119, 121, 122, 123, 126, 130, 134, 136, 199, 229, 233

_ qronikuli 140, 229

saZi

ebel

i

260

RviZlis dazianeba 22, 34, 37, 39, 42,

_ toqsikuri 39, 63, 78

RviZlis egzogenuri koma 24

RviZlis endogenuri koma 24

RviZlis memkvidruli opti­kus­neiropaTia 160

RviZlis metastazebi 22, 39, 43

RviZlis nekrozi 43

RviZlis ukmarisoba 91

RviZlis parenqimis daziane­ba 37, 78, 122, 133

RviZlis sinTezis Seferxeba 123, 125

RviZlis funqciis darRveva 86, 100, 101

RviZlis Segubeba 22, 39

_ kardialuri 78

RviZlis cirozi 23, 24, 33, 43, 54, 64, 65, 70, 73, 79, 86, 93, 97, 102, 104, 114

_ alkoholuri 39

_ bavSvTa asakis 33

_ pirveladi biliaruli 29, 30, 31, 32, 39, 41, 64, 65, 81, 134, 234

RviZlis xsnadi antigenis mimarT as 134

RviZl­ujreduli karcino­ma 39, 43, 121, 226, 229

_ pirveladi 229

Roris soliteri 185

y

ybayura 46

yivanaxvela 81, 112, 115

S

Sagrenis sindromi 31, 38, 117, 151

Sardi 13

Sardi, Sua porcia 12

Sardis buStis karcinoma 235

Sardis buStis punqciiT miRebuli Sardi 15

Sardis naleqi 135

Sardis porfirinebi 98

Sardis sinjebi 12

SardmJava 135

_ medikamentebis gavlena 8

Sardovana 136

Sarpis sindromi 38, 97, 103, 117, 151

Sededebis faqtorebi

_ faqtori VIII 123_ vWF 126

_ faqtori VIII­Tan aso­cirebuli ag 126

_ faqtori VIII R

_ ag 123

_ faqtori IX 123

Sereuli SemaerTebelqso­vilovani daavadeba 31, 151

Svarc­barteris sindromi 102

Sidsi 63, 65, 81

Silingis testi 53, 218

SimSili 68, 89, 120, 142

SimSilis testi 220

Sistosoma 185

_ japonicum 185

Sistosomiazisi 185

Soki 51

Sratis cilis eleqtrofo­saZi

ebel

i

261

rezi 139

Suasayris simsivneebi 227

C

Cagasis daavadeba 184

Canasaxovan­ujreduli sim­sivneebi 18, 19, 78, 227, 229

Carj­Strausis sindromi 31, 97

Ciyvi 230

ConCxis kunTebis daavadebe­bi 78, 88

CxirbirTviani neitrofili 111

c

celiakia 128, 129

centriolebis as 136

centromerebis as 136

civi aglutininebi 46, 65, 71, 137, 145

ciklis darRveva 86

cila

_ liqvorSi 137

_ SardSi 138

_ SratSi 138

cilis eleqtroforezi 139

cilis kargva

_ Tirkmlismieri 73

_ nawlavidan 73

cilis nakleboba 119

cirozi, pirveladi bili­aruli 234

cistatin C 141

cisturi Tirkmeli 116

C­peptidi i.S. 141

C­reaqtiuli cila 142

citomegalovirusi 64, 81, 112, 115, 137, 167, 186

citostatikebi 81, 89, 110, 135

C­ujreduli hiperplazia 69, 230

C­ujreduli karcinoma 69, 215, 226

cxeleba 89, 93, 94, 116, 138

cximebis cvlis darRveva 71

Z

Zvlis simsivneebi 127

Zilis daavadeba 184

Zvlis metastazebi 88, 127

Zvlis tvinis dazianeba 110

Zvlis tvinis depresia 111

w

wamwamovan­ujreduli leikemia 80

wvrili nawlavis daavade­bebi, anTebiTi 122

wiTeli mglura 111, 127

_ diskoiduri 31

_ medikamenturi 29, 31, 48, 127 149, 151

_ sistemuri 29, 31, 38, 48, 64, 71, 72, 81, 93, 103, 113, 117, 149, 151

wiTela 46, 112

wiTura 81, 112, 187

wyluli, peptiuri 40

wylulovani koliti 30, 31, 64, 82, 84

wyurvilis testi 221 saZi

ebel

i

262

W

WeSmariti policitemia 49, 50, 60, 80, 110, 135, 164

x

xmelTaSua zRvis cxeleba, ojaxuri 160

h

hanta­virusi 187

haptoglobini 143

haptoglobinis deficiti 140

H2-blokatori 39

haSimotos Tireoiditi 56, 57, 58, 129, 230

_ TiroqsiniT maRaldoz­irebuli Terapia 129

hemaglutinaciis daTrgun­vis testi 168

hemangioblastoma 49

hematokriti 109

hematuria 115

hemoqromatozi 103, 104, 116, 119, 123, 154, 160, 161, 198, 199, 229

hemodializi 32, 87, 122, 126

hemoglobini 110

_ A1c 144

_ Tavisufali, plazmaSi 144

_ paTologiuri 145

_ SardSi 146

hemoglobinis eleqtro­forezi 145

hemoglobinopaTia 160

hemoglobinuria 115, 146

_ paroqsizmuli Ramis 80, 145

hemoglobinuri cilindrebi 135

hemolizi 10, 22, 33, 37, 38, 46, 50, 64, 68

_ eqstravazaluri 143, 145

_ intravazaluri 143, 145, 146

hemolizini, biTermuli 45

hemolizur­uremiuli sin­dromi 59, 110, 114, 146

hemopeqsini 146

hemoragiuli diaTezi 106, 116

hemoragiuli cxeleba renu­li sindromiT 188

hemosiderozi 119, 123, 198

hemofilia A 96, 123

hemofilia B 96, 123

hemofilus influenca 188

heparini 29

heparinoTerapia 59, 96

hepatiti 39, 43, 65, 72, 78, 81, 140

_ A 81

_ mwvave 22, 33, 39

_ qolestazuri 39

_ qronikuli 32, 81, 234

_ qronikuli­aqtiuri 22, 29, 39, 65, 226

hepatiti A 81

hepatitis A virusi 188

hepatiti­B-as 190

hepatitis B virusis birT­vis as 189

hepatitis B virusis zedapi­ruli ag 189

hepatitis B virusis zeda­piruli as 189

saZi

ebel

i

263

hepatitis B virusi 189

hepatitis B virusis dnm 189

hepatiti­C-as 191

hepatitis C virusi 191

hepatitis C virusis rnm 191

hepatiti­D-as 191

hepatitis D virusi 191

hepatitis D virusis dnm 191

hepatitis E virusi 192

hepatitis G virusi 192

hepatopaTiebi 119

hepato­renuli sindromi 89

herpesi gestaciuri 35

histonis as 149

homocisteini 150

homocistinuria 161

homovanilinis mJava 149

houvel­jolis sxeulakebi 114

hojkinis limfoma 60, 87, 112, 113

hibridizacia, In-situ­ 168

25­hidroqsi­qolekalcif­eroli 54

5­hidroqsinindolZmarmJava 148

hiperaldosteronizmi 24, 68, 89, 131, 161, 215

_ pirveladi 102

_ meoradi 102

hipergastrinemia 69

hiperglikemia 144

hipervolemia 93

hiperTermia

_ avTvisebiani 88, 161

hiperTireoTidizmi

_ ojaxuri 161

hiperTireozi 26, 40, 42, 51,

57, 69, 118, 120, 129, 132, 139, 161, 202, 203

_ ojaxuri 161

hiper-IgD-sindromi 162

hiper-IgE- sindromi 63

hiper-IgM1-sindromi 162

hiper-IgM2-sindromi 162

hiper-IgM3-sindromi 162

hiperinsulinemia 162

hiperkaliemiuri periodu­li paralizi 165

hiperkalcemia 53, 69

_ hipokalcuriuli ojaxuri 161

hiperkalcemiuri sindromi 68

hiperkortikolizmi 131, 204

hiperlipidemia 83, 132, 140

hiperlipoproteinemia 93, 157

_ ojaxuri 161

hipernatriemia 93, 215

hipernefroma 49, 100

hiperoqsaluria tipi I 161

hiperparaTireoidizmi 53, 54, 85, 94, 95, 122, 161

_ Tirkmlis ukmarisoba 95, 128

_ malabsorbciis sin­dromi 95

_ meoradi 94, 95

_ pirveladi 53, 54, 69, 94, 95, 127, 128

hiperprolaqtinemia 208

hipersegmentacia 113

hipersplenizmi 110, 112, 144

hipertenzia_ ojaxuri 161

hipertonia, arteriuli 51, 91

saZi

ebel

i

264

_ renovaskuluri 102

_ mZime 20, 47, 150

hipertrigliceridemia 133

hiperurikemia 135

hiperferitin­kataraqtis sindromi 162

hiperfibrinolizi 96

_ pirveladi 124

hiperqolesterinemia 132

_ ojaxuri 161

hiperqolesterolemia, gan­wyoba 161

hiperhomocisteinemia 150

hiperhidratacia 139

hipoaldosteronizmi 68, 89, 216

hipoalfalipoproteinemia 132, 161

hipogamaglobulinemia 141

hipogonadizmi 86, 118, 125, 204

_ meoradi 86

_ pirveladi 86

hipoTireozi 57, 71, 75, 97, 100, 127, 129, 132, 133, 203

hipokaliemuri perioduli paralizi 161

hiponatriemia 93

hipoparaTireoidizmi 94, 95, 128, 161

_ hipokalcemiuri 161

hipopituitarizmi 21, 24, 73

hipofizis adenoma 100

hipofizis ukmarisoba 86, 194, 195, 202, 205,

hipoqonroplazia 161

hipoqsia 67, 102, 111

huntingtonis qorea 161

A

ABG 107

ACA 136

ACE 26

Acrodermatitis enteropathica 61

ACTH 21, 73, 194, 195

Adenomatous Polyposis coli 162

ADH 27

AFP 124, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 233

AIH 134

ALA 25

ALAT 22

ALL 80, 81

ALP 121Alport­Syndrom 162

ALT 22

AMA 29, 134

ANA 31, 134, 151

ANCA 30

ANF 31, 151

Angelman-Syndrom 162

Anorexia nervosa 128

ADH 27

Anti-Hbc 189

Anti-Hbe 189

Anti-Hbs 189

Anti-HCV 134

anti­MPO 30

APCA 95

APC 34

APU-Dome 226, 227, 232

ASAT 33

Ashermann­Fritsch­Syndrom 195

AST 33

AT 28

saZi

ebel

i

265

B

BAL 176, 179, 180

ß-HCG 18, 19, 227, 229

Bilharziose 185

BNP 38, 91

“branched” DNA 167

Brugada-Syndrom 162

C

C1-INH 71

C3 71

CA 12-5 228, 233

CA 15-3 228, 234

CA 19-9 226, 234

CA 72-4 226, 228, 234

CADASIL 162

CBR 168

CDT 118

CEA 226, 227, 228, 231

Charcot­Marie­tooth­Syndrom 162

CHE 132

CK 75

CK-MB 75

CMV 186

Cowden-Syndrom 162

CPK 75

CREST-Syndrom 116, 136

CRF-Test 205

CRH-Test 73, 205

Cri-du-chat-Syndrom 162

Crigler-Najjar-Sydrom 37, 162

CRP 142

Crush-Tirkmeli 74, 88, 128

Cryptococcus neoformans 187

Cyfra 21-1 227, 235

D

DDAVP-Test 198

D-Dimer 45

Dentatorubropallidoluysian Atro-phie 162

Dermatitis herpetiformis Duhring 40, 48, 130

DIF 167

DiGeorge-Syndrom 162

Diphillobothrium latum 53

Dobrava 187

dsDNA-as 93, 151

Dubin-Johnson-Syndrom 37

E

ECC 74

EIA 167

ELISA 167

ENA -as 38

Endocarditis lenta 112

Entamoeba

_ dispar 173

_ histolytica 172, 173

Epidermolysis bullosa 162

ESR 49

F

Faktor-V-leiden 156

FSH 125

fT3 128

fT4 129

G

GADA 26

γ-GT 38

Gilbert­Meulengracht­Syndrom 162

saZi

ebel

i

266

GLDH 43

GOT 33

GPT 22

H

HAV 182

H2-blokatori 39

HbA1c 144

HbA1 145

HbA2 145

HbC 146

HbD 146

HBDH 147

Hbe-Ag 189

HbF 145

HbG 146

HbO 146

HbS 146

HbsAg 189

HBV 189

HBV-DNA 189, 190

HCG 18, 19, 227, 229

hCT 230

HCV 134, 191

HCV-RNA 191

HDL-Cholesterin 82, 131, 132

HDR-Syndrom 162

HDV 191

HDV-DNA 191

HEV 192

HFE C282Y 154

5-HIAA 148, 226

HIT 168

HIV-1 171

HIV-2 171

HGV 192

HLA-B27 18

Hyper-IgD-Syndrom 162

Hyper-IgE- Syndrom 63

Hyper-IgM1- Syndrom mi 162

Hyper-IgM2- Syndrom i 162

Hyper-IgM3- Syndrom 162

I

IA 65

IA2-as 58, 76

IAA 66

IB 168

ICA 75

IFG 41, 212

IFT 168

IGT 212

IHA 168

INR 130

ISAGA 168

J

JDF 76

Jo-1­as 143

K

Kallmann­Syndrom 163

Klinefelter­Syndrom 163

L

LA 167

LADA 27, 76

LAP 80

LBP 83

LCR 167saZi

ebel

i

267

LDH 78, 96, 97, 147, 184, 227, 228

LDL-Cholesterin 82, 131

LH 86

LH-RH-Test 207

Li-Fraumeni-Syndrom 163

LKM 133, 134

Long­QT­Syndrom LP 163

LP (a) 84

LPS-ELISA 168

M

Marfan­Syndrom 163

Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser-Syndrom 221

McCune-Albright-Syndrom 163

MCH 109, 111

MCHC 109, 111

McLeod-Syndrom 163

MCV 109, 111

Medium-Chain-Acyl-CoA-defi­citi 163

MGUS 65

MELAS-Syndrom 163

MEN 163

Meningeosis _ leucaemica 41_ carcinomatosa 41

Menkes-Syndrom 163

MERRF-Syndrom 163

Meulengracht-Syndrom 30

Miller-Dieker-Syndrom 37, 163

Minirin®-Test 198, 221

MODY (Maturity-onset diabetes of the Young) 163

Morbus Addison 21, 58, 67

Morbus Alexander 163

Morbus Basedow 56, 57, 58

Morbus Bechterew 18, 116, 140

Morbus Bruton 154, 163

Morbus Byler 163

Morbus Ceelen 35

Morbus Conn 68, 102, 215

Morbus Crohn 31, 53, 64, 82, 210, 218

Morbus Cushing 21, 199, 205

Morbus Fabry 163

Morbus Gaucher 88, 163

Morbus haemolyticus neonato-rum 77

Morbus Hodgkin 60, 63, 81, 87, 112, 113, 116

Morbus Huntington 163

Morbus Klinefelter 86

Morbus Meulengracht 163

Morbus Paget 88, 94, 122

Morbus Pompe 163

Morbus Sandhoff 163

Morbus Tay-Sachs 163

Morbus Waldenström 65, 81, 141

Morbus Wilson 116, 137, 140, 163

Moschkowitz-Syndrom 114, 145

MTHFR C677T 154

Muckle-Wells-Syndrom 163

Mycoplasma pneumoniae 180

N

NASBA 167

NBT-PABA-testi 210

NH3 24

NO-MAs 30

Noonan-Syndrom 164

saZi

ebel

i

268

nRNP-as 103, 151

NSE 226, 227, 228, 232

NT-ProBNP 38, 91

O

oGTT 211

Olfactogenitales Syndrom 163

Osteogenesis imperfecta 88

Ostitis deformans 122

P

Panarteriitis nodosa 30, 63, 140

pANCA 30, 134

Paramyotonia congenita 164

Parrot-Syndrom 155

PAS-Stain 80

PCNA 151

pCO2 107

PCR 167

Peutz-jeghers-Syndrom 164

pH 107, 108

PLAP 227

Polycythaemia vera 49, 50, 80, 110, 135, 164

Polyposis coli 164

Porphyria cutanea tarda 159

Porphyria variegata 25, 98, 159

Prader-Willi-Syndrom 164

Progerie 164

Pro-GRP 227, 232

PSA 228, 233

Pseudoxanthoma elasticum 164

PT 130

PTT 96

Puumala 187

Q

Quick­Test 130

R

Retinitis pigmentosa 164

RIA 167

Ro-as 117, 151

Rotor-Syndrom 37

S

SCL-70-as 116

SDS-PAG-eleqtroforezi 45

SIADH 89

SIRS 99

Sjögren-Syndrom 31, 38, 117, 151

SLA 134

SMA 134

Smith-Lemli-Opitz-Syndrom 164

Smith-Magenis-Syndrom 164

Sneddon-Syndrom 127

SS-A-as 117, 151

SS-B- as 117, 151

ssDNS- as 48, 151

Swyer-Syndrom 164

T

T3 128

T 4 129

Taenia solium 185

TgAb 56

Torsionsdystonie 164Toxocara 183

_ canis 183

_ cati 183

Toxoplasma gondii 183saZi

ebel

i

269

TPHA 178

TPO-as 58

TPT 130

TSH 56TRH­Test 202

Trichinella spiralis 184

Trypanosoma_ brucei 184_ cruzi 184_ gambiense 184_ rhodesiense 184

Tula 187

Turner-Syndrom 164

TT 59

U

U1-RNP-as 103, 151

Uricult ® 13

V

VDRL-Test 127, 178

Verner-Morrison-Syndrom 90

VIP 90

Von-Hippel-Lindau-Syndrom 164

Von-Willebrand-Faktor 123

Von-Willebrand-Syndrom 106, 123, 126

W

Williams-Beuren-Syndrom 164

Wilson-Syndrom 116, 137, 140

Wiskott-Aldrich-Syndrom 60, 110

Wolf-Hirschhorn-Syndrom 164

Z

Zieve-Syndrom 102

saZi

ebel

i