50

A²-ymbw þ H¶v : A²-ymbw þ H¶v : A²-ymbw þ H¶v : A²-ymbw þ H¶v : A²-ymbw þ H¶v : `mKw c`mKw c`mKw c`mKw c`mKw cæææææ vv vvv

ae-bm-f-¯nsâ lmky]mc-¼cywae-bm-f-¯nsâ lmky]mc-¼cywae-bm-f-¯nsâ lmky]mc-¼cywae-bm-f-¯nsâ lmky]mc-¼cywae-bm-f-¯nsâ lmky]mc-¼cyw

Xan-g-I-sa-¶-dn-b-s -«n-cp¶ ]{´æv \mSp-I-fn tIc-f- nÂs¸« Ip«w, IpSw,

IÀ¡, sh¬, ]qgn F¶o A©p \mSp-I-fnse `mj ae-bm-f-ambn ]cn-W-an- p F¶

Imcy- n mjmNcn-{X-Im-c-·mÀ¡n-S-bn n¶m- n-{]m-b-an-Ã. ae-bmf mj-bp-sSbpw

kmln-Xy- n-sâbpw hfÀ -bn Xan-gv, kwkvIr-Xw, Cw¥ojv F¶o `mj-I-fpsS

kzm[o\w Hmtcm Ime-L-«- n Dæm-bn-«p-æv. Cu \mSn\v am{Xw Ah-Im-i-s -Sm³

Ign-bp¶ Nne kz`mhkhn-ti-j-X-IÄ ae-bmfkmln-Xy- n A´À[m-c-bmbn XpS-

cp-¶p-æv.

sImSp- -angv ae-bm-f-ambn ]cn-W-an- -Xn\v ]e Imc-W-§Ä Nqæn-¡m-Wn-¡p¶

F. BÀ. cmP-cm-P-hÀ½ aäp \m«p-ImÀ¡n-Ãm¯ ]e hnti-j-hn-[n-Ifpw ae-bm-f- p-

ImÀ¡p-æm-bn-cp¶p F¶v ]d-bp¶p1 tUm. sI. Fw. tPmÀÖm-Is« At\Iw \qäm-

æp-IÄ kzX-{ -ambn Ign-ªp-Iq-Snb Hcp kap-Zm-b-amWv tIc-fo-bÀ F¶-Xn\v [mcmfw

sXfn-hp-IÄ \nc- p-¶p. ae-bm-fn-bpsS hkv{X-[m-c-W-hpw, Zmb-{I-a-hpw, BNm-c-§-

fpw, Iem-{]-I-S-\-§fpw ]b-äp-ap-d-Ifpw NnIn-Õm-co-Xn-Ifpw khn-tij hyàn-Xz- nsâ

{]Xn- -e-\-§-fmbn At±lw Nqæn-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶p.2 `mtjmÂ]- nsb kw_-Ôn¨v

X§-fpsS hmZ-K-Xn-IÄ Ah-X-cn- n-¡p-¶-Xn-\nsS ae-bm-fn-IÄ¡v am{Xw Ah-Im-i-s -

Sm³ Ign-bp¶ kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-I-fpæv F¶ Imcyw ChÀ AwKo-I-cn-¡p-¶p.

F¶m tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-]n-Å Ncn-{Xm-Xo-X-Imew apX-epÅ tIcf Ncn{X Kth-

jWw \ÂInb hnÚm\s¯ Bkv]-Z-am¡n ae-bm-fn-bpsS hn«p-am-dm¯ kz`m-h-L-

S-I-§Ä hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p¶ Iq«- n \r¯ kwKoX {`a- n-s\m¸w tIc-fo-b-cpsS

lmky-{ -ahpw Nqæn-¡m-Wn-¡p¶p3.

51

kwL-Ime kmln-Xys¯ ae-\m-«p-h-g¡w F¶v hnti-jn- n-¡p¶ Xangv mjmNcn-

{X-Im-c-·mcpw Cu {]tZ-i- n\v X\-Xmbn Nne kz`mh khn-ti-j-X-I-fpæv F¶Imcyw

AwKo-Icn-¡p-¶p. `mjmcoXn-bn Xan-gn-sâ-tbm, kwkvIr-X- n-sâtbm IeÀ¸n-Ãm-

¯Xpw tIc-fo-b-amb A -co£w {]Xn- -en- n-¡p-¶-Xp-amb Km\-km-lnXyw hne-bn-

cp- p-t¼mÄ X\Xpkz`mhw {]I-S-am-Ipw. ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnepw Km\-§-fnepw \mS³

Iem-cq-]-§-fnepw H«pw A{]-[m-\-a-Ãm¯Øm\w lmky- n-\pæv F¶v Isæ- mw.

shdpsX Nncn-¡pI am{X-aà Nncn-bn-eqsS Nn´n- n-¡p-Ibpw AXp-hgn kaq-l- nse

Xn·-I-f-Iän ip²o-I-cn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-I-bmWv Cu lmky- nsâ e£yw F¶pw

t_m[y-am-Ipw.

“\À½ ckn-I-·m-cmb Cw¥o-jp-ImÀ¡v ]d-b- ¡ Hcp kmlnXyNcn{Xw Bcw-

`n-¡p-¶-Xn\v F{Xtbm iXm-Ð-§Ä¡p ap¼p-Xs¶ \À½-t_m-[- n anI- -h-sc¶p

\nÊ-t lw sXfn-bn-¡- ¡ Iem-k-¼¯pw AXn-\-\p-Kp-W-amb kmlnXyk¼¯pw

k¼m-Zn- n-cp¶ Hcp P\-X-bmWv tIc-fo-b-sc¶v tas¡mà A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp¶p”4. tIc-

f- nsâ qan-im-kv{X-]-c-amb {]tXy-IX ae-bmf mtjmÂ]- n¡p Imc-W-am-b-Xmbn

F. BÀ. Nqæn-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶p. Pohn-¡m³ Gähpw A\p-tbm-Py-amb Imem-h-Øbpw

Pe-k-ar-²n-bn-eqsS t\Snb ImÀjnI k¼-¶-Xbpw tIc-f- nsâ {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv.

k¼-¶-amb tIc-f- nsâ Nn{Xw kwL-Im-e-Ir-Xn-I-fn A\m-h-cWw sN¿-s -Sp-¶p.

DuWpw Ignªv \mepw Iq«n apdp¡n ^enXw ]dªv ckn-¡p¶ ‘shSn-sh«w’ ae-

bmfn DÅbn-Ss¯Ãmw Dæv.

kmaq-ln-Ihpw km¼- n-I-hp-amb D -\o-N-Xz-§Ä tIc-f- n-ep-æm-Ip-¶Xv kwL-

Im-e- n-\p-ti-j-am-Wv. kpJ-k-ar²n kaq-l- nse D]-cn-hÀ¤- n am{X-sam-Xp-§n.

tIc-fo-b-cn Gähpw IqSp-X \À½-t_m[w {]ZÀin- n- -hÀ D]-cn-hÀ¤- nÂs -«-h-

cm-Wv. \¼ym-cpsS ]cn-lm-k- n\v ichy-cm-bXpw AhÀ X-s¶. tIc-f- n\p ]pd-

52

¯pÅ {_mÒ-WÀ A{K-lm-c-§-fn `ànbpw IoÀ -\-§-fp-ambn Ign-ª-t¸mÄ,

tIc-f- nse {_mÒ-W-cpsS Ncn{Xw asäm-¶m-bn-cp-¶p. tIc-f- nse P\-§-fp-ambn

CS-I-eÀ¶v Pohn¨ {_mÒ-WÀ ]ptcm-lnXhÀ¤-sa¶ \ne-bn Gsd kzmX{´yw

A\p- -hn- p. {_Òkzw qan-I-fnÂ\n¶p e`n- n-cp¶ ]m«- n-eqsS tae-\-§msX Pohn-

¡m³ e`n¨ km¼- nIkzmX-{´yhpw kw_-Ô-sa¶ hnhml hyh-Ø-bn-eqsS e`n¨

ssewKnI kzmX-{´yhpw kpJ-t`mKkar-²-amb PohnXkml-N-cy-§fpw tIc-f- nse

{_mÒ-Wsc kmwkvIm-cn-I-amb A[x-]-X-\- n-em-¡n.

lmkyw ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂlmkyw ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂlmkyw ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂlmkyw ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂlmkyw ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂ

]g-a-¡m-cpsS sNmÃp-I-fmWv ]g-s©m-Ãp-IÄ. ]qÀÆn-I-cpsS \mhnÂ\n¶v kmam-

\y-X- z-am-bpw, hkvXp-ØnXnIY-\-ambpw hmÀ¶p-hoW Hä-aq-en-I-fmWv Ah. kc-k-

hpw, kmc-h- p-amb coXn-bn X¯zNn- -Isf Bhn-jvI-cn-¡p¶ Cu sNmÃp-IÄ

lna-I-W-¯n _nw_n¨p ImWp¶ Im\-\-s¯-bmWv A\p-kva-cn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX¶v

s{]m^. ]n. kn. IÀ¯m ]d-bp¶p 5. ]g-s©m-Ãp-Isf Ah-bn-e-S-§n-bn-cn-¡p¶ lmkyw

BIÀj-I-am-¡p-¶p. . hmsam-gn-bn-eqsS Xe-ap-d-IÄ IS-¶p-h¶ ]e sNmÃp-Ifpw P\-

k-am-\y- n\v kp]-cn-Nn-Xhpw {]nbwIc-hp-am-Ip-¶Xv Ah-bnse kXymwiw sImæp

am{X-aÃ; \À½w sImæp-Iq-Sn-bm-Wv. ae-bm-fn-bpsS lmkym- n-cp-Nn-bp-sSbpw ^enX

t_m[- n-sâbpw ]g-¡- n\p Ch aXn-bmb sXfn-hp-I-fm-Wv. hyàn-bpsSbpw kaq-

l- nsâbpw kq£va kz`m-h-§fpw hyàn-_-Ô-§-fpw, irwKm-chpw Hs¡ Cu sNmÃp-

IÄ¡v hnj-b-am-Ip-¶p. {]Xn-]m-Z\coXn-sImæv lmkyw P\n- n-¡p¶ sNmÃp-I-fp-æv.

ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X- n km[m-c-W-amb \nÊmc Imcy-§fpw kw -h-§fpw XpS§n

Pohn-X- nse DbÀ¶ km·mÀ¤nI \nb-a-§fpw X¯z-Nn- -Ifpw DÄs¡m-Åp¶ hnin-

ã-amb Bi-b-§Ähsc ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fn Bhn-jvI-cn-¡p-¶p.

53

a\p-jy-kz- m-h- nsâ sshhn-[y-t¯bpw sshcq²y-§-tfbpw FSp- p-Im-Wn-

¡p¶ ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fn a\p-jy-k-l-P-amb Al- , kzmÀ°-X, ]nip-¡v, Akq-b,

I]-S- àn apX-emb tZmj-§sf ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶p.

"ssIemkw \¶m-Im³ {]tZmjw t\m¡p¶p'

"Ac-¡pSw Bc-h-an-Sp¶p'

"InW-än-emgw t\m¡m³ Ab-es¯ A¿- ³'

"N¯p-In-S-¶mepw Naªp InS-¡Ww'

"sImXn-b³ Ce-bv¡p-t]mbn F\n¡p \ne- pXm'

"I®p-I-Sn¡pw Ij-æn¡pw acp-¶n-Ã.'

XpS-§nb ]g-s©m-Ãp-IÄ a\p-jy-kz- mhsshI-Ãy-§Ä ]cn-lmkhnj-b-am-¡p-

¶-Xm-Wv. £-W- n-\p-th-æn-bpÅ AXymÀ¯nbpw sImXnbpw ]cn-lm-k-hn-j-b-am-

Ip¶ sNmÃp-IÄ FÃm mj-bnepw Dæv.

lmky hnj-b- n ap³]- n-bn \n¡p¶ {_mÒ-W-cnse ]c-tZi {_mÒ-

Wscþ ]«-·mscþ Gsd ]cn-lm-ky-cm-bn-«mWv ImWp-¶-Xv. \¼ymÀ IrXn-I-fn am{X-

aà ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnepw ]«-·mÀ Gsd ]cn-lm-k- n\v ]m{X-am-Ip-¶p.

""]«cp sXm« A¨n-bpw, ]«n sXm« Iehpw''

"]«n Xn¶n-sÃ-¦n ]«À¡v'

"Bcp-an-Ãm-ªm ]«À; GXp anÃm-ªm Xmfv'

]«-·mÀ am{X-aà tIc-f- nse H«p-an¡ kap-Zm-b-§-fn-tebpw hne-£W coXn-

IÄ ]g-s©m-Ãn\v hnj-b-am-bn-«p-æv.

"\mbcp IpSn¨p sI«p; \mbv s]Sp¯p sI«p'

"F{¼msâ hnf-¡ v hmcysâ A¯mgw'

"s\Ãp Iæ tImgnbpw s]m¶p Iæ X«m\pw'

54

"Ian-gv¶p-ho-Wm am¸nf Im -Whpw sImæv'

hyàn-I-fp-sSbpw kaq-l-§-fpsSbpw sXäp-Ifpw Ipä-§fpw \nÀ±-b-ambn ]cn-l-

kn-¡p¶ ]g-s©m-Ãp-IÄ ae-bm-fn-bpsS \À½-t_m-[- nsâbpw ]cn-lmk IuXp-I-

¯n-sâbpw Zrãm- -§-fm-Wv. tIc-fo-bÀ ]mh-\-ambn Icp-Xn-bn-cp¶ IpSpw-_-_-Ô-§-

fn ssiYneyw Dæm-Ip-¶Xpw ]gs©m-Ãp-I-fn ]cn-lm-k- n\v hnj-b-am-bn.

"D½m³ X¶m-e-½m-h³; CsÃ-¦n Np½m-h³'

"Afn-b³ N¯m I¼nfn F\n¡v'

"Kpcp \n¶p-ap-Ån-bm injy³ \S-¶p-apÅpw'

"aI³ acn- mepw thæp-In-Ã, acp-tam-fpsS I®ocp ImWm-atÃm'.

irwKm-cm- mkw lmky-am-Ip-sa¶v mc-Xob aXw. irKmcckssh-Ir-Xn-Isf kc-

k-ambn {]Xn-]m-Zn-¡p¶ ]g-s©m-Ãp-IÄ \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv.

"sI«n-b-h\v Hcp-ho-Sv, sI«m- -h\v ]e hoSv'

"Ima\v I®nÃ'

"Iman¡v \mW-an-Ã, aq¸pw samd-bp-anÃ'

"s]s®m-cp-s¼-«m {_Ò\pw XSp- p-IqSm'.

B[p-\nI kmln-Xy- n Gsd D]-tbm-Kn-¡-s -Sp¶ {]Ѷlmky hn`m-K-

¯nÂs -Sp¶ \nc-h[n ^en-tXm-àn-IÄ km[m-c-W-¡m-cpsS CS-bnÂt]mepw Dæv.

]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fpsS hmNymÀ°-¯n-\pw, Ah-bpsS hnh-£n-X-¯n\pw X½n-epÅ

sshPmXyamWv lmky- n\v Dd-hn-S-am-Ip-¶-Xv. "InS-¶p-d-§-cpXv, ]s¿ ]d-ªm ]d-

hqÀ tIÄ¡mw, \¶mbv s]mdp-s¯sâ tamfn§p t]msc' XpS-§nb ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂ

hmNymÀ°- n-\Ã {]k-àn. DÂIrã^enXw F¶v hnfn-¡m-hp¶ lyqaÀ-þ-hn- m-K-

55

¯nÂs -Sp¶ ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fp-ap-æv. Npcp-¡- n ssZ\w-Zn\ Pohn-X- nse \nÊmc

kw -h-§Ä XpS§n Pohn-X- nse DbÀ¶ km·mÀ¤nI \nb-a-§fpw X¯zNn- -Ifpw

hsc lmky- nsâ tas¼m-Sn-tNÀ v ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fn Bhn-jvI-cn-¡p-¶p.

\mS³]m-«p-I-fnse lmkyw\mS³]m-«p-I-fnse lmkyw\mS³]m-«p-I-fnse lmkyw\mS³]m-«p-I-fnse lmkyw\mS³]m-«p-I-fnse lmkyw

sshhn-[y-apÅ \mS³ ]m«p-I-fpsS hn]p-e-amb k¼- pæv ae-bm-f- m-j-bv¡v.

hyày\p- q-Xn-IÄ, IpSpw-_m- -co-£w, aXm-\p-jvTm-\-§Ä, BtLm-j-§Ä, hnt\m-

Zw, sXmgn F¶n-h-tbmSv _\v[s -«XmWo ]m«p-IÄ .6 Ch-bn \nÝnX CXn-hr- -

apÅ IYm-Km-\-§fpw Bi-b-§Ä¡v s]mcp- -an-Ãm¯ Akw-_ÔKm\-§fpw {]tXy-

In-s¨mcp IY ]d-bm-\n-Ãm¯ Km\-§fpw Dæv. a\p-jy-kz- mhw IpSpw-_-_-Ô-§Ä,

kmaq-ln-Im-Nm-c-§Ä sXmgn F¶n-h-tbmSp _Ô-s¸«pw tIhew iÐsshNn-{Xyw-

sImæpw \mS³ ]m«p-I-fn lmkyw Dæm-Ip-¶p. Pohn-X- nsâ kXym-ß-Ihpw

BßmÀ°-hp-amb Bhn-jvI-c-W-§-fmWv Cu ]m«p-IÄ. ka-{K-amb Hcp kmlnXy

Ncn{X ]T-\- n\v "lcn{io' Ipdn-t¡-æXv \mS³ ]m«nÂ\n-¶m-bn-cn-¡Ww F¶p-t]mepw

A`n-{]m-b-apæv.7

IhnX sNdp-Nm-ep-I-fmbn {]h-ln¨pXpS-§nb BZy-Im-e¯v km[m-cWP\-§-

fpsS Pohn-X-hp-ambn At -Zy-_Ôw ]peÀ¯n-bn-cp-¶p. tIc-fo-b-amb A -co-£- n-

ep-ÅXpw Xan-gn-sâtbm kwkvIr-X- n-sâtbm IeÀ¸n-Ãm- -h-bp-amWv Cu ]m«p-IÄ.

\m\m \ne-I-fn-epÅ Ak-a-Xz-§fpw PohnX sshcp²y-§fpw sXc-ªp-]n-Sn v klr-

Z-b-À¡v ckn-¡- ¡h®w Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-eqsS ae-bm-fn-bpsS kl-P-amb \À½-

t_m[w shfn-s -Sp-¶p. £WmÀ¯n, Ae-k-X XpS-§nb a\pjykz`m-h-§sf Nn{Xo-

I-cn v lmky-ap-æm-¡p¶ \nc-h[n ]m«p-I-fp-æv. Hcp kZybv¡v s\bvhn-f-¼p-¶-Xns\

]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ ]m«v t\m¡p-I.

"Bg¡v s\s¿-Sp- n«v AXn ]mXn ]hp- n«v

Bdp]´n hnf¼n s\s¿m-Sp-§n-bnÃ

56

s\bvhnf¼n ssIIp-gªp t]mbn \n¡pw \ne-I-æmÂ

s\©p-s]m«n I®p-\o-scm-gp-Ip-¶t¿m

\mep]äp \\-ªntà \J- n-t·Â ]pcæn-tÃ.8

asämcp ]m«v

"\«p¨ t\c- -cnbpw sImSp- mepw

]mXnc t\c-t¯mfv h¨p-æm¡pw

Imin-s\m-sc«v h -bne sImæ-¶mepw

Im¡o-d-bn-etb Iq«m³ Xcq''9

Kuc-h-]qÀ®-amb PohnX ho£-Wtam DÂIr-ã-amb lmkytam C¯cw ]m«p-

I-fn ImWp-I-bn-Ã. kz`mhw am{X-aà a\p-jy-cpsS BIrXn sshI-ey-§Ä hsc

lmky-hn-j-b-am-Im-dp-æv. "A -]t¯mWw ASp- tÃm \mbtc' F¶p XpS-§p¶

HmW- m«v H¶mw-Xcw ]cn-lm-k-I-h-\-am-Wv. A¸q- -·msc hÀ®n-¡p-¶Xv t\m¡pI.

""H«-I- -- nbpw Iq\pw s]cp-¡mepw

Duf-h-bdpw s]cp-©pæpw tIm¦®pw

X -ap-Jhpw \c- mSn aoibpw

A¸q- -·m-scÃmw HmWw Na-bp¶p''10

IpSpw-_-_-Ô-§Ä Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p¶ \nc-h[n ]m«p-I-fp-æv. ]c-kv]c hnizm-k-an-

Ãm¯ mcym- À¯m-¡-·m-cp-æm-¡p¶ Ie-l-§-fmWv Ipd-h³I-fn-bnse ]m«v. HmWw

tamSn-bm-Im-¯-Xp-sImæ v N¯p-I-f-bm-s\m-cp-§p¶hsc ]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ ]m«v

{i²n-¡p-I.

"NmhWw Nmh-W-sa-¶m-sfm-cp¯n

N¡- gw Xn¶p Nmhm\pw t]mbn

RmeWw RmeWw F¶m-sfm-cp¯n

57

Ipdp-t´m«n aq«nep Rmem\pw t]mbn

aæWw aæWw F¶m-sfm-cp¯n

aS-hm-sb-c- ¸w aæn-¡-fªp'11

Nne sXmgn-ep-I-fn GÀ -«n-cn-¡p-¶-hsc ]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ ]m«p-I-fp-æv. kmam\y

hnZym- ym-k-an-Ãm¯ sshZys\ Ifn-bm-¡p¶ ]m«v DZm-l-c-Ww. sshZy³ A£-c-am-

ebpw sshZyhpw Hcp-an¨v ]Tn-¡p-¶p-sh-¶mWv kqN-\.

""Icn¼p Iqh-f-a-S¨ ths¸mSp

I Jm K Lm Mm

Ipdp¼p Ip¼nfpac-bm-en³ sXmen

N Om P Qm Rm

Ccp¼p X«m-sX-Sp¯p sh´nXp

S Tm U Vm Wm

Rc¼p tIm¨n\p tkh Ign-¡pI''12

Cw¥o-jn t\m¬sk³kv, ssdwkv F¶p hnfn-¡p¶ Akw-_Ô {]mk-Km-\-

§Ä ae-bm-f- nepw Dæm-bn-cp-¶p. km[m-cW ^en-X-§-fn Akw-_-Ô- nsâ

Awiw Dæm-Im-dp-æv. F¶m C¯cw Km\-§Ä Akw-_Ôw am{Xw AS-§n-bXpw

^enXw \nd-ª-Xp-am-bn-cn-¡pw. Hcp DZm-l-c-Ww.

Ip¼fw \«p

\\- Xp shÅcn

Im¨Xp sN©oc

Ip¼nfp Ip¯n-b-dp- Xp IS-ebv¡m

Iq«p-hm³ h¨Xp hgp-X-\§m

Fcn¨ Idn-Iq«n amÀ¤-am-bp-æ-t¸mÄ

hmbn- p-h- Xp ]pfn- -Idn.13

HmW- m-«p-IÄt]m-se-Xs¶ s]menhp ]m«p-I-fnepw Xpbn-ep-WÀ¯p ]m«p-I-fnepw

58

lmky- nsâ Awiw ImWmw. h©n- m-«p-IÄ¡n-S-bnÂt¸mepw ]cn-lmkw IeÀ¯n-

bn-cp-¶p. tNmtZym- c cq]- n NmSp-hm-¡p-IÄ sNmÃn ckn-¡p¶coXn Nne ]m«p-

I-fn ImWmw.

ISw-I-Y-I-fnse lmkywISw-I-Y-I-fnse lmkywISw-I-Y-I-fnse lmkywISw-I-Y-I-fnse lmkywISw-I-Y-I-fnse lmkyw

ae-bm-fn-bpsS ^enXhmk-\-bpsS asämcp Zrãm- -amWv ISw-¦-Y-IÄ. Pohn-X-

¯nse kakvX taJ-e-I-sfbpw kv]Àin-¡p¶ ISw-¦-Y-IÄ hmsamgncq]- n Xe-

apd ssIam-dn-h-cp-¶p. hywKy{][m-\-amWv ISw-¦-Y-IÄ. t{imXm-¡sf X§-fpsS Bibw

{Kln- n- v ckn-¡p-I-bmWv Ch-bpsS e£yw.

DZm : sR«nÃm h«-bne (]- -Sw)

N¯ Imf aS-se-Sp-¡pt¼mÄ HmSpw (h-Åw)14.

Xe-ap-d-I-fmbn ]d-ªp-h-cp¶ IY-I-tf-sdbpw \À½-c-k-{]-[m-\-am-Wv. sIm«m-c-

¯n i¦p®n sFXnly ame-bn C¯cwIY-IÄ DÄs -Sp- n-bn-«p-æv. tXmes\Ipdn-

¨pw, Ip©-s\-Ip-dn- pw, ap«Êv \¼q-Xn-cn-sb-¡p-dn- p-apÅ IY-IÄ {]kn-²-§-fmW.v

AXn-i-tbmàn IeÀ¶ Cu IYIfpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS \À½ hmk-\bpsS Zrãm- -am-

Wv. ]\-kn-Z-imbw ]min15. F¶ ]cm-aÀi- n-\n-S-bm-¡nb IY DZm-l-c-Ww. {_Ò-Nm-

cn-bmb tXme³ DuWpIgn-¡p¶ Ah-k-c- n Ahn-Sps¯ Zmkn-bmb N¡n ]¯m-

b- n s\Ãv tamãn-¡m³ Ib-dn. {_Ò-Nm-cn-IÄ DuWp Ign-¡p-t¼mÄ kwkvIr-X-

¯nse kwkm-cn-¡mhp. kwkvIrX mjm-Úm-\-an-Ãm-bn-cp¶ tXme³. ]\kn Zimbmw

]min F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. _p²n-a-Xn-bmb A½ IÅ- cw Iæp-]n-Sn-¡p-¶p. tIm¯mgw

IY-Ifpw CtX-t]mse P\-{]oXn t\Sn-b-h-bm-Wv. _p²n-iq-\y-cmb At -hm-kn-IÄ

\ndª km¦-ev]nI {Kma-amWv tIm¯m-gw. Ah-cpsS aæ- -c- nsâ IY-I-fmWv

tIm¯mgw IY-IÄ. kaq-l- n {]i-kvX-cmb hyàn-Isf IYm-]m-{X-§-fm¡n enX

IY-IÄ ]d-bp¶ {]h-WX C¶pw ae-bm-fn-¡p-æv.

59

IYm-Km-\-§fnse lmkyw:IYm-Km-\-§fnse lmkyw:IYm-Km-\-§fnse lmkyw:IYm-Km-\-§fnse lmkyw:IYm-Km-\-§fnse lmkyw:

kam-l-cn-¡-s -«n-«pÅ \mS³Km\-§-fn apJyw IYm-Km-\-§-fm-Wv. hyà-amb

CXn-hr-¯-apÅ Cu Km\-§Ä {]Nm-c-¯n-en-cp¶ tZi-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯nÂ

hS-¡³]ms«¶pw sX¡³]ms«¶pw Xncn-¡p-¶p. hoc-c-k- n\v apJy Øm\-apÅ

Cu Km\-§Ä AXp-sIm-æp-Xs¶ hoc-I-Ym-Km-\-§Ä F¶pw Adn-b-s -Sp-¶p. Btcm-

a tNI-h-cp-sSbpw Xt¨mfn HtX-\-sâbpw Btbm-[\ ss\-]pWn {]IoÀ¯n-¡-s -

Sp¶ hS-¡³]m«nepw lmky- nsâ km¶n²yw ImWmw. hmfpw ]cn-N-bp-ambn Pohn¨

A¡m-es¯ P\-§-fpsS ØnXnbpw kaql- n hyXykvX P\-hn- m-K-§Ä¡pÅ

Øm\hpw hS-¡³ ]m«p-I-fn kc-k-ambn Nn{Xo-I-cn- n-«p-æv. kaq-l- nse Zqjy-h-

i-§sf ià-am-bn- s¶ ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶p. IS- -\m-«n Xt¨mfn Ipdp- -·mÀ¡v hg-

§m¯ Bfp-I-fp-æm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã. HtX-\s\ Btbm-[-\- n tXmev]n-¡p-hm³ Ign-

hpÅ Bfp-IÄ Npcp-¡-am-bn-cp-¶p. Ah-sc-¡p-dn- pÅ ]cm-aÀiw {i²n-¡p-I.

"Xt¨m-fo-epÅ Ipdp- -·mcv

F¶psS ]otSy-e-cn-bp-sæ-¦nÂ

Gahpw Im«o«v t]m¶p-sImÅpw

Acn sI«n-t¨m-e§v t]mtÆmw sN¿pw'

F¶ h¿oe]oSn-I-bn Ba-Xnsâ Bh-em-Xn-bn-eq-sSbpw

Xqfn-sh-fp-s¯mcp ao³ Iæmepw

tXmep shfp-s¯mcp s]¬ Iæmepw

Xt¨mfn Ipdp- -·mscmgn-ªn-«p-tæm. F¶o hcn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw hS-¡³]m«p-Im-

c³ ]cn-l-kn- n-cn-¡p¶p.16 ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fnÂ\n¶pw \mS³]m«p-I-fnÂ\n¶pw hyXy-

kvX-ambn C¯cw en-X-]qÀ®-amb k À -§Ä krãn¨pw ck-I-c-amb kw`m-j-W-

60

§ÄsImæpwaäp-amWvv lmkym-hn-jvI-c-W- n\v {ian-¡p-¶-Xv. Xt¨mfn HtX-\sâ

kv{Xoe-¼-S-Xzs¯ ]cn-lm-k-]qÀÆ-amWv ]m«p-I-fn hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Nmt¯m¯p amtX-

bn-b-½-bpsS aIÄ Ipªn-Ip-¦nsb hnhmlw Ign-¡p-¶-Xn\p \S- p¶ {ia-

§Ä CXn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. hnhm-lm-tem-N-\-bp-ambn hcp¶ amtX-bn-b-½sb

]cn-l-kn v aS-¡p-¶-Xpw, ]n¶oSv HtX-\³ Nm¸ms\ ZqX-\mbn hnSp-t¼mÄ Abm-fp-am-

bpÅ kw`m-j-W-§fpw ae-bm-fn-bpsS \À½-]m-Shw shfn-s -Sp- p-¶-Xm-Wv. HtX-\³

s]m«sâ thjw-sI«n Nmt¯m¯p ho«n-se¯n Ipªn-Ip-¦nsb (No-cp-hn-s\) kz -

am-¡nb IYbpw en-X-a-bw-X-s¶. Kuc-h-ta-dnb PohnX{]iv\-§-sftbm hnjm-Zm-ß-

I-amb PohnX]cn-Wm-a-§-sftbm AÃ, lmtkymÂ]m-Z-I-ambþ hnt\m-Zn-¸n-¡m³

kaÀ°-ambþ Nncn- n-¡m³ ]änb Pohn-Xm-h-Ø-Ifpw kw -h-§-fp-amWv hS-¡³ ]m«p-

I-fn Gsdbpw Nn{Xo-I-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. À¯m-hns\ I_-fn- n-¡p¶ mcy-bp-sSbpw Ah-

fpsS Imap-I-sâbpw IY-bmWv HtX-\\pw HmS- n Ipªn- o-cp-hpw.

a\pjy kz`m-h- n-epÅ sshIr-X-§sf kc-k-ambn D]-l-kn-¡p¶ \nc-h[n

k À -§Ä hS-¡³ ]m«p-I-fn-ep-æv. Ipªn-¡-¶n-bpsS IY-bn cmP-]pcwtIm«-bnse

Ipªn-¡-¶n-bpsS Al-¦mcw Iæp-sImæv Nm¸³ ]d-bp-¶-Xv.

"s]®p-a-Zn- mtem Ip«n-bmWv

BWp aZn- mtem sh«p-amWv'.17

Btcm-aep-®n-bpsS ]m«p-I-Y-bn Iq«p-Im-cpsS ]cn-lm-k- n\p hnt[-b-\mb

Btcm-ep-®n-tbmSv amXm-hmb D®n-bmÀ¨ tNmZn-¡p-¶-Xv.

"sIm¼nÃm tamg Ipt¯ym tamt\

]Ãn-Ãm- «n ISnt¨m tamt\'18.

"D®n-bmÀ¨ Iq¯p-Im-Wm³ t]mb IY' bnepw \nc-h[n ^enX cwK-§-fp-æv.

tIc-fo-b-cpsS ss\kÀ¤n-I-amb lmkym`ncpNnbpw \À½-t_m-[-hpamW vhoc-Km-\-§Ä¡n-

61

Sbv¡pw C¯cw hnh-c-W-§Ä¡pw hnt\mZ {]I-S-\-§Ä¡pw Øm\w \ÂIp-¶-Xv.

cwK-I-e-I-fnse lmkywcwK-I-e-I-fnse lmkywcwK-I-e-I-fnse lmkywcwK-I-e-I-fnse lmkywcwK-I-e-I-fnse lmkyw

`mj-bpsS BZn-cq-]-§-fmb ]m«p-I-fnepw ]g-s©m-Ãp-I-fn-ep-amWv ae-bmflmky-

¯nsâ {]Y-am-¦pcw {]I-S-am-b-Xv. Bßm-hn-jvIm-c-amb Ie-bpsS Dev]¯n mj Dæm-

Ip-¶-Xn\p ap¼p-Xs¶ \S-¶n-«p-æv. a\p-jy-hÀ¤-t¯mfw \ofp¶ Ncn{Xw Ie-IÄ¡p-

æv. {]mIrX a\p-jy³ \mbm-Sn¸n-Sn¨ Ccsb Xobn-en«v Np«-t¸mÄ AXnsâ KÔw

A\p- -hn- pw hni- -S-§n-b-t¸mÄ am\-kn-tIm-Ãm-k- n-\p-th-ænbpw IqIn-hn-fn-¡bpw

NmSn-¡-fn-¡bpw sNbvXn-cn-¡-Ww. kwL-ambn Pohn- n-cp¶ AhnsS {]I-S-\-¡mcpw

ImWn-Ifpw H¶m-bn-cp-¶p. imco-cn-I-tijn Ipd-ª-htcm hr²tcm Ip«n-Itfm Bbn-

cp-¶n-cn-¡Ww t{]£I kap-Zm-b- nsâ BZn ]nXm-¡Ä19. Bi-b-hn-\n-a-b- n\v mj

Dæm-b-t¸mÄ AXv `mh-{]-I-S-\- nse Hcw-K-am-bn. ssU\o-jykv tZhsâ DÕhm-

tLm-j-§-fn-ep-æmb tNmtZym- -c-§-fn-emWv {Ko¡v\mS-I-§-fpsS DÂv]- n-bpw. tIc-

f- n {]mNo\ Imew apX \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ GXv cwK-I-e- t\m¡n-bmepw AXn-

seÃmw tIc-fo-bÀ lmky- n\v AXn-{]-[m-\-amb Øm\w \ÂIn-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp ImWmw.

lmky{]nb-·m-cmb tIc-fo-b-cpsS enXhmk\ At§-b-äw-hsc {]Im-in¨p ImWp-

¶Xv NmIym-·m-cpsS Iq¯nepw IqSn-bm-«- n-ep-amWv F¶v A`n-{]m-b-apæv 20. F¶mÂ

Iq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpw tIc-f- n F¯p-¶-Xn-\p-ap-¼pÅ Ie-I-fnseÃmw lmky¯nsâ

\nd-\n-em-hp-IÄ Isæ- mw. am{X-a-Ã, tNmtZym- ccq]-§fpw Ah-bn-seÃmw Isæ- mw.

a\p-jyPohnXw ImÀjnIhr¯n-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸«p hfÀ¶-t]mse tIc-f- nse

cwK-I-e-IfpsS Ncn-{Xhpw Irjn-bp-ambn _Ô-s -«-Xm-Wv. hnf-sh-Sp- n\pw hnf-hn-d-¡-

en\pw CS-bn-epÅ \mfp-I-fn-emWv Ie-IÄ Ac-t§-dn-b-Xv. cwK-th-Znbpw Irjn-bn-S-

§Ä-Xs¶-bm-bn-cp-¶p. aXm-\p-jvTm-\-§Ä Pohn-X- nsâ mK-am-b-tXmsS Ie-I-fnepw

62

AXv {]I-S-am-bn. aXm-\p-jvTm-\-§-fp-ambn _Ô-s -«-hbpw AÃm- -hbpw F¶v cæv

hn`m-K-§-fp-æv. Bcym-[n-\n-thiw cwK-I-e-IÄ¡v ]pXnb cq]- m-h-§Ä \ÂIn. Ch-

bp-sS-sbÃmw A´À[m-c-bmbn lmkyw \ne-sIm-æp. `àn-{]-[m-\-amb IeIfnÂ

lmky-¯nsâ Øm\w H«pw Ipd-ªn-Ã. Im¡m-cn-Èn-\m-S-Iw, s]mdm-«p-\m-S-Iw,

kwL-¡-fn, Fgm-a-¯p-I-fn, ]mh-¡q-¯p-I-fn, IWymÀI-fn, tImXm-aq-cn-bm-«w,

tImgn-t¸m-cp-I-fn XpS§n \nc-h[n Iem-cq-]-§Ä hnt\m-Z- n-\p-thæn Ah-X-cn- n-¡-

s -«n-cp-¶p. thj`qjm-Zn-I-fn-eq-sSbpw kw`m-j-W-§-fn-eq-sSbpw t{]£-Isc ckn- n-

¡pI F¶-tXm-sSm¸w kmaq-lnIXn·-Isf ià-ambn ]c-l-kn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]S-b-Wn, apSn-tb-äv, Xnd-tb-äv, Xobm-«v, Imfo-]q-P, sX¿w XpS§n BNm-cm-\p-jvTm-\§tfmSv

_Ô-s¸«v àn-{]-[m-\-amb Iem-cq-]-§-fnÂt]mepw lmky- nsâ Awiw ImWmw.

Im¡m-cn-Èn \mSIwIm¡m-cn-Èn \mSIwIm¡m-cn-Èn \mSIwIm¡m-cn-Èn \mSIwIm¡m-cn-Èn \mSIw

a[y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnepw Xncp-h-\- -]p-c¯pw \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ hnt\m-Z-I-e-bmWv

CXv. Im¡m-e-\m-S-Iw, Im¡m-en¨n \mS-Iw, Im¡m-cp-Ifn F¶o t]cp-I-fnepw CXv

Adn-b-s -«p. Im¡m-e-sâbpw Im¡m- n-bp-sSbpw thjw-sI«n cwK¯p hcp-¶-Xp-sIm-

æmWv Cu t]cp-æm-b-Xv. Xan-gv\m-«nÂ\nt¶m B{Ô-bnÂ\nt¶m IpSn-tb-dn-b--hcmWv-

\mtSmSn kwkvIm-c-apÅ Im¡m-e-·mÀ. inh-]mÀÆ-Xn-am-cp-ambpw {_mÒ-W-cp-ambpw _Ô-

s -Sp¯n DÂ]¯n IY-I-fpæv.21 kp -c³ Im¡m-\mWv \mbIIYm-]m-{Xw. ]m«p-Im-

c\pw Im¡m-cnÈn \mS-I- nse Hcp {][m\ IYm-]m-{X-am-Wv. Abm-fpsS tNmZy-§Ä¡v

kp -c³ Im¡m³ \ÂIp¶ adp-]-Sn-bn-eq-sS-bmWv IY t]mIp-¶-Xv. kaq-l- nse

sImÅ-cp-Xm-bva-Isf ]cn-l-kn-¡p-I-bmWv e£yw. mjm{]tbm-K- nsâ khn-ti-j-

X-bpw lmkyw P\n- n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. DZm-l-cWw: KW-]-Xnsb hmgv¯n kvXpXn-¡p-¶-

Xn\v Im¡m-e³ ]d-bp-¶-Xv. ""ap«-s\mcp KW-]-Xnsb ASn-b\o sIm¨p-hn-f-¡- p-h v

F§s\ hm«n-s¯m-en¡pw Fsâ ]l-hms\''22. kp -c³ Im¡ms\ ]cn-N-b-s -Sp-¶-

63

Xn-\nsS Iäm-W- p-Im-c\mWv F¶p ]d-bp-t¼mÄ samæn-Im-¡msâ BcmWv \osb¶v

]m«p-Im-c³ tNmZn-¡p-¶p. ASn-b³....... Iäm-W- p-Im-c³....... samæn-Im-¡msâ..... Nnä-

¸sâ tN«sâ.... tam³... Rm³... Xm³ F¶ adp-]-Sn-bnse lmkyw {it²-bw.23 amth-en-

¡c F¶-Xn\p ]Icw NqX-aq-jn-I-¡c F¶pw Xma-c-¡pfw F¶-Xn\v Aw_p-P-hm]n

F¶p-amWv {]tbm-Kw.

s]mdm-«p-\m-SIws]mdm-«p-\m-SIws]mdm-«p-\m-SIws]mdm-«p-\m-SIws]mdm-«p-\m-SIw

D¯c tIc-f- n \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ kmaq-lnI \mS-I-amWv CXv. ]me-¡m«v PnÃ-

bnse sImbv¯p Ignª ]mS-§-fn-emWv CXv Gsdbpw Ac-t§-dn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. Ifn-

bpsS BZn apXÂ A´yw hsc hnZq-j-I-\mb Hcp tNmZy-¡m-c-\p-æm-Ipw. IYm-]m-{X-

§Ä cwK- p-h-¶m CbmÄ ^en-X-a-b-amb tNmZy-§Ä tNmZn-¡pw. Cu tNmtZym-

-c-§-fmWv Iem-cq-]s¯ BIÀj-I-am-¡p-¶-Xv.

kwL-¡fnkwL-¡fnkwL-¡fnkwL-¡fnkwL-¡fn

bm{X-¡fn AsÃ-¦n kwL-¡fn \¼q-Xn-cn-am-cpsS CS-bn {]Nm-c- n-en-cp¶

sshZnIhnt\m-Z-am-Wv. F.Un. Bdmw iX-I-¯n Xr¡m-cn-bq-cn-emWv CXnsâ

DÂ]¯nsb¶v DÅqÀ A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp-¶p.24 Xr¡m-cn-bq-cn aX-kw-_-Ô-amb hmKzm-

Z- n _u²sc {_mÒ-WÀ¡v tXmev]n-¡m³ Ign-ª-Xp-ambn _Ô-s¸« IYbmWv

CXnsâ DÂ]¯n¡pÅ-Xv. \mep]mZw, ]m\, Ifn F¶n-§s\ aq¶v `mK-§-fmWv

CXn-\p-Å-Xv. {]`pIpSpw_§fnse hnti-jm-h-k-c-§-fn \S- n-bn-cp¶ Cu Iem-

cq]w Ah-X-cn- n- n-cp-¶Xv Nm¯n-ccv F¶ hn`m-K- nÂs¸« {_mÒ-W-cm-bn-cp-¶p.

Bbp-[-hr¯n kzoI-cn¨v {Kma-c£ \S- n-b-hcpw ASp-¡-fbv¡pw Ac-§n\pw Ah-

Im-i-ap-Å-h-cp-am-bn-cp¶p Nm¯n-ccv . ‘sIm«n- Iw]qIÂ ’F¶ ]qÀÆmw-K-t¯m-sS-bmWv

NS§v Bcw- n-¡p-¶-Xv. CXv kwL-¡m-cpsS kwL-Ø-e-t -¡pÅ {]th-ihpw "IW-

an-cn-¡epw' BIp¶p. IW-an-cn-¡pI F¶m kwL-am-bn-cn-¡pI F¶À°w. kÔym-

64

h- \w Ignªv \mep-]m-Zhpw XpSÀ¶v ]m\bpw ]mSp-¶p. F¶m kwL-¡fnsb

BIÀj-I-am-¡p-¶Xv IbvaÄ AYhm C«n-I-æ- -\m-Wv. Ibva-f-psS hc-hv, Ibva-tfm-

Xn¡ kwhmZw XpS-§nb lmky{][m-\-amb NS-§p-I-fmWv kwL-¡fn Ahn-kva-c-

Wo-b-am-¡p-¶-Xv.

\mSp-hm-gn-I-sfbpw \m«p {]am-Wn-am-scbpw ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\mbn krãn-¡-s -

«n-«p-Å-XmWv IbvaÄ F¶ IYm-]m-{Xw. ]m\- m-«p-IÄ Ign-ªmWv Cu IYm-]m-{X-

¯nsâ cwK{]th-iw. \obmcv F¶pÅ cwK-hm-kn-I-fpsS tNmZy- n\v am\w hf-

sªmcp hf- n-\-I v alm-ta-cp-hn-¦Â\n¶pw sX¡p-h-S¡p, Ing¡v ]Sn-ªmdv, B\-

a-e-tbm-Sp¸pIS-tem-Sn-S-bn tNc-am³ ae-\m-«n sNdp-]À¸qÀNmÀ¶ Incn-b- n ]¶n-

¡p-¶- p-Iq-«- n ]æm-c-¡p-¶¯p ]Sn-ªmtd Xmh-gn-bn P\n¨ Hcp iqc-]p-cp-

j³ F¶mWv adp-]-Sn. 25 Xsâ A\p-hmZw IqSmsX Bcpw DuWv, Dd-¡w, ASn-¡Â,

Xfn-¡Â apX-em-bh \S- -cpXv F¶p am{X-aà `Km-h³ DZn-¡m³ t]mepw ]mSn-sÃ-

¶mWv Ibva-fpsS BÚ. DZn- m Dæm-Ip¶ hn]- p-IÄ hep-Xm-Wv. Cu hnh-

cWw {_mÒW hntZz-j- n-emWv F¯p-¶-Xv. HmXn-¡³ F¶ IYm-]m-{Xw-IqSn cwK-

¯p-h¶p kZ-kysc ckn- n-¡m-\mbn kw`m-jWw \S- p-¶p. CXmWv Ibva-tfm-Xn¡

kwhm-Zw. h«-an-cp- p-I-fn, tXmWn- m«v XpS§n lmky-{]-[m-\-amb \nc-h[n NS-§p-IÄ

A¸³X-¼p-cm³ "kwL-¡fn' F¶ ]pkvX-I- n khn-kvXcw {]Xn-]m-Zn- n-«p-æv.

Ifn-Ø-e-t¯¡v Bsf Iq«m³ ]mSp¶ Hcp ]m«v DZm-l-c-Ww.

""BWm-sW-¦n \mWw-thWw; apJ- ©p aoi-thWw

BWpw s]®pw sI«-ht\ t]mcn\p hmSm ssX ssX

shfn-s¨t®w ]pfn-©mdpw IpSn- ½ \ns¶s¸äp

shfn- - p-hmSm \n¿n-¶n-fn- n-hmbm ssXssX'' 26

65

F-gm-a¯p IfnF-gm-a¯p IfnF-gm-a¯p IfnF-gm-a¯p IfnF-gm-a¯p Ifn

a²y-tI-c-f- n \¼q-Xn-cn, A¼-e-hm-kn, \mbÀ XpS-§nb kap-Zm-b- n {]Nm-

c-ap-æm-bn-cp¶ lmky-ckw IeÀ¶ Hcp Zriy-I-em-cq-]-am-Wv. \ne-hn-f-¡n\v Npäpw h«-

an-«n-cn-¡p¶ kwL- n-sem-cmÄ Fgp-t¶-äp-\n¶v aäp-Å-hÀ¡v tamÀ¸mf tIi-h³, Hgp-

¡- p-hm-em-«n, Ab-t¡m-en-t·Â Im¡ F¶n-§s\ lmky-{]-[m-\-§-fmb t]cp-I-

fnSpw. FÃm-hcpw tNÀ¶v Xmf-§-tfm-Sp-IqSn ]m«p]m-Sp-¶p.

Rm³ Ipfn¡pw Ipf-atÃm Gäp-am-\qÀ tXhÀIpfw

\o Ipfn¡pw Ipf- nsâ t]À sNm amcm

F¶ a«n-emWv tNmZy-§-fpsS t]m¡v. Ipfn-¡p-¶Xv {]kn-²n-bpÅ Hcp tZhsâ

Ipf- n-em-I-Ww. Ipf- nsâ t]cv ]d-bm³ Ign-bm- -hÀ IÅp-Ip-Sn-b³, Im¡m-e³

F¶n-§s\ Bcp-sS-sb-¦nepw thjw-sI«n Ac-§- p-h-c-Ww.

"Iæ-hÀ¡p ]nd-t¶m-s\, Im«p-am-¡m³ ISn-t¨ms\

IS-hn IÃymWn \nsâ-b- n-b-tÃym-Sm.. F¶n-§s\ lmky-{]-[m-\-amb h©n-

¸m-«nse hcn-IÄ ]mSWw.27

tImXm-aq-cn-bm«wtImXm-aq-cn-bm«wtImXm-aq-cn-bm«wtImXm-aq-cn-bm«wtImXm-aq-cn-bm«w

I®qÀ, ImkÀtImSv {]tZ-i-§-fn ae-b-Pm-Xn-¡mÀ kmaq-lnI hnt\m-Z- n-\p-

thæn Ah-X-cn- n-¡p¶ Iem-cq-]-amWv CXv. apJ-sa-gpXn thjwsI«nb HcmÄ Imf-

bpsS cq]w Ac-bn _Ôn¨v {]tXyI Xc- n \r¯w sN¿p-¶p. Ac-bn Ipcp-

t¯m-e-Npän s]mbv¡m-f-Ifpw [cn v apJ v ]mfbpw sI«n lmkym-ßI thj-¡mÀ

H¸w IqSp-¶p. Ch-cpsS \Àt½m-àn-Ifpw B«-§fpw kmaq-lnI hnaÀi-\]-c-am-bn-cn-

¡pw. a²y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dn {]Nm-c- n-epÅ BSp-I-fn CXn\p kam-\-amb \mS³I-

e-bm-Wv.

]S-bWn]S-bWn]S-bWn]S-bWn]S-bWn

Bcm-[-\m-tI-{ -§-fmb Imhp-I-fnepw t£{X-§-fnepw Ac-t§-dn-bn-cp¶ A\p-

66

jvTm-\-]-c-amb Iem-cq-]-§-fmWv ]S-b-Wnbpw apSn-tbäpw aäpw. lmky-hp-ambn H«pta

s]mcp- -s -Sm¯ `àn-]-c-amb Km\-§-fnepw C¯cw A\p-jvTm\§fnÂt¸mepw

lmky-ckw IeÀ¯m\pw P\-km-am-\ys¯ hnt\mZamÀ¤- n¡qSn àne£y- n-

te¡v hio-I-cn-¡m\pw {ian-¡p-¶Xv ImWp-t¼mÄ ae-bm-fn-bpsS P·-kn-²hpw Ønc

{]Xn-jvTn-X-hp-amb kz`mh hnti-j-§-fn AXn-{]-[m-\-amb H¶mWv lmkym- n-cp-Nn-

sb¶v sXfn-bp-sa¶v tas¡mà ]c-iz-c³]nÅ ]d-bp-¶p.29

tIc-f- nsâ X\Xp ]mc-¼-cy-sa¶v Ah-Im-i-s -Sp¶ At\Iw Iem-cq-]-§-fnÂ

\m«p-Iq-«- nsâ kPoh ]¦m-fn¯apÅ A\p-jvTm\ Iem-cq-]-amWv ]S-b-Wn. Imfo-

{]o-Xn-¡p-thæn \S- p-¶-XmWv CXv. Ccp-«nsâ {]Xo-I-amWv Zmcn-I³. Imfn Imfp-¶-

h-fm-Wv. Ccp-«nsâta B[n-]-Xy-ap-d- n-¡p¶ shfn- -amWv ]tS-\n-bpsS B -cnI

ssNX-\yw. AXy- n-I-ambn AXv kaql\·sb e£y-am-¡n-bpÅXmWv.

\À½`mj-W-§fpw ^enX{]tbm-K-§fpw ]cn-lm-k-§fpw IeÀ¶ A`n-\-b-

¯n-eqsS Nncn- n-¡m\pw Nn´n- n-¡m-\p-apÅ {ia-amWv ]tS-\n-bnse hnt\m-Z- n-eqsS

Ah-X-cn- n-¡p-¶-Xv. kaq-l- n \S-¡p¶ amä-§-sfbpw hnIm-k-§-sfbpw {Im -Zr-

ãn-tbm-Sp-IqSn ho£n-¡p-Ibpw sshI-ey-§sf lmky- mhw IeÀ¯n hne-bn-cp- p-

Ibpw sNbvXv BI-am-\-apÅ ip²o-I-cWw \nÀÆ-ln-¡pI F¶-Xm-bn-cp¶p e£yw.

hnt\m-Z-¡m-cpsS hnaÀi-\-§Ä¡v \m\m-Pm-Xn-a-X-Øcpw ]pcpj kv{XossZ-h-§fpw

tZhm-kp-c-·mcpw am{X-aà Ic-hm-kn-I-fpsS PohnXho£-W-§fpw hnizmk{]am-W-

§fpw Ah-bnse sshI-ey-§fpw ]m{X-am-Ip-¶p. ]c-tZ-in, \¼q-Xn-cnbpw hmey-¡m-c-

\pw, iÀ¡-c-Ip-Sw, At´m-Wn, A½q-½bpw A¸q- -\pw, amk- Sn, \mbcpw \¼q-cn-bpw,

Du«p-]-«À, ]«cpw s]®pw XpS-§nb IYm-]m-{X-§-fmWv hnt\mZcwK-§-fn F¯p-¶-

Xv. Cu lmkyIYm-]m-{X-§Ä Ac-§n-se¯n AhÀ ]c-kv]-ctam kZ-ky-cp-amtbm

\S- p¶ kw`m-j-W-§Ä t{]£-IÀ¡v Nncn¡v hI-\ÂIp-¶p. am{X-a-Ã, kw`m-jW

67

hnjbw kmaq-lnI kqN-I-§-fp-am-bn-cn-¡pw.

shÅ-ap-æp-Sp v tXmfn t\cy-Xp-an«v I¿n Ime³Ip-Sbpw ImXn ISp-¡\pw

s\än-bn kn q-c-¡p-dn-bp-ambn IÀ®m-SIkwKoXw lmkym-ß-I-ambn sNmÃn-s¡mæp

hcp¶ iÀ¡c hym]m-cn-sb-bmWv iÀ¡-c-¡pSw F¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. t£{X- n-te¡v

Bh-iy- n\v iÀ¡c sImSp-¡m-sa¶v sN¼pXIn-Sn Fgp-Xn-s¡m-Sp- n-«pÅ hym]mcn

AXv ]men-¡m- -Xn\v \m«p-ImcpsS {]Xn-tj-[w. “C¶v H³]Xmw DÕ-h-am. Xs¶......

R§Ä shdpsX hnS- n-Ã. CXp-hsc iÀ¡c sImæ- -cm- -Xn Dæmb Iã-\-ã-

§Ä Xsâ ]¡Â\n¶pw CuSm-¡m³ \nÝ-bn- n-cn-¡zm”.29

{InkvXym-\n-bmb At´m\n IS- p-Im-c-\mWv. hÅ- n-te¡v Ib-dm³ hcp-¶-

h-cpsS mhhpw mjbpw Ne-\hpw kwkvIm-c-hp-saÃmw At´m-\n-sb¶ \Ssâ GIm-

`n-\-b- n-eqsS hyà-am-Ip-¶p. IS- p-I-S-¡m³ hcp¶ Hmtcm-cp- -cp-tSbpw kz`m-h-

¯nsâ kq£vaXe-§Ä t{]£-Isc Nncn- n¡pw hn[w A\p-I-cn-¡m³ Akm-am\y

Iem-]m-Shw thWw. ]Sp-hr-²-cmb A½q-½bpw A¸q- \pw ImWn-IÄ¡v ckw ]I-cp-

¶-h-cm-Wv. A½q½ Xsâ ]qÀÆ-I-Y-IÄ ]d-bp-¶-Xn-eqsS kmaq-lnI Pohn-Xm-h-Ø-

bpsS Nn{Xw A\m-h-cWw sN¿p-¶p. kw_Ôw Ignªv À¯r-ho-«n F¯n-b-t¸m-

gs¯ A\p- hw A½q½ hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xv {i²n-¡pI: ""]Sn-¡-tem«p sN¶¸w Ft¶mSv

]td-hm... \o \mtfw Imtemw s]mdp-¡m-s\m-tÅm-fm... he-Xp-Imepw h -t§m«p tIdm³...!

Rm³ ]d-ª-t]mse FS-Xp-Imepw h¨p-tI-dn. aq¸n-te¡p Hcp s]§sfm-æmcp¶p.

]Xn-s\-«p-amkw sN\-bm, Rm³ At§m«p tIdp-tIw. \m¯q³ h¶q¶v Ht¶ ]d-

sªm-Åq... Xmtgm«p hoWv... s]Sªv HSt\ N¯p! Rm³ \S¶p apä-t¯m«p Ib-dn-

bn-Ã. ]Xn-\-©p-amkw sN\-bpÅ Hcp ]mæn- -ip. F-cn¯n--enÂ... Xnt¶mæp \n¡zm-

cp-¶p. Ht¶ Aa-dn-sbm-Åp... s]S-ªp-hoWv A§p N¯p. aq¸o¶p ]dªp F´m-

bm-epw... \o sFiz-cy-ap-tÅm-fm.... h¶p-tI-dn-sbm-St\ Xs¶ F\n¡v ]e ]e em -§-

68

fm....''30 kmaq-lnI hyh-Øn-Xn-s¡-Xn-sc-bpÅ ]cn-lmkw F¶-Xn-ep-]cn "sFdWn'

t]mepÅ lmky hn`m-K-§Ä¡pw CXn DZm-l-cWw Isæ- mw.

amkmamkw kÀ¡m-cn-te¡v htcæpw XpI P\-§-fnÂ\n¶v ]ncn v AS-bv¡m³

_m[y-X-s¸« amk- Sn F¶ DtZym-K-Ø\pw Ic-bnse Hmtcm-cp- -cp-sSbpw kz¯v

hnln-X- n-\-\p-k-cn v AS-bvt¡æ XpI F{X-sb¶v hnNm-cn v\S¯n \nÝ-bn-¡m³

Npa-X-e-s¸« hymcn-¸p-Im-c\pw X½n-epÅ kw`m-jWw ià-amb kmaq-lnI

]cn-lm-k-am-Wv. DtZym-K-Ø-·m-cpsS kzmÀ°Xmev]-cy-§fpw Agn-a-Xn-bp-saÃmw shfn-

- p-h-cp-¶p. A\p-jvTm-\-{]-[m-\hpw àn-bn-e-[n-jvTn-X-hp-amb ]tS\n F¶ Iem-cq-

]- n-emWv kmaq-lnI \· e£y-am-¡n-bpÅ C¯cw ]cn-lm-k-§Ä. ae-bm-fn-bpsS

^en-X-hm-k-\bpw lmky {]tbm-K- nsâ e£yhpw t_m[y-s -Sp-¶p.

ap-Sn-tbävap-Sn-tbävap-Sn-tbävap-Sn-tbävap-Sn-tbäv

tZho-{]o-W-\-]-c-amb apSn-tb-äv, Xnd-tb-äv Xobm-«v, Imfo-]qP XpS-§nb NS-§p-

IÄs¡Ãmw Zmcp-I-h[w IY-bmWv CXn-hr- w. D{K-aqÀ¯nbpw ss`ch{]Ir-Xn-bp-amb

Imfn-bpsS ]qP-bnÂt]mepw ae-bm-fn-IÄ lmky-cw-K-§Ä DÄs -Sp- p-¶p. A©p-cw-

K-§-fpÅ apSn-tb-än Hcp cwKw lmky- n-\mbn amän-h-bv¡p-¶p. BZy- mKw inh-\m-

cZkwhm-Z-am-Wv. cæmw cwK- n Zmcp-Isâ t]mÀhn-fnbpw aq¶mw cwK- n Imfn-

bpsS cwK-{]-th-i-hp-am-Wv. A©mw cwK- n-emWv Imfo-Zm-cp-I-bp-²w. \memw cwK- n\v

CXn-hr- -hp-ambn bmsXmcp _Ô-hp-an-Ã. Ah-km\ cwK- nse DtZz-Khpw `oI-c-

Xbpw kln-¡p-hm³ ImWn-Isf X¿m-dm-¡p-¶-Xn-\m-Imw, ae-bm-fn-bpsS kl-P-hm-k\

DÄs¡m-Åp¶ Cu cwKw. tImbn-¼n-Smcv Fs¶mcp hnZq-j-I³ hmfpw ]cn-N-bp-ambn

cwK-{]-thiw sNbvXv cmtPm-Nn-X-amb A[n-Im-c- m-h- n taf-¡m-tcmSv BÚm-]n-

¡p-¶p. Rm³ h¶p-\n¶v sNmÃn tI«nt« C\n sIm«m-hq. kvXpXn-IÄ ]mSnb-tijw

69

Hcp thiy-bpsS IY ]d-bp-¶p. taf-¡m-cpsS tNmZy-§fpw AXn-\p- -c-§-fp-amWv

Cu cwK- nÂ. thtiysS thiym-{hXw Iæn«v BWm«v ho«n F¯nb tImbn-¼n-

SmÀ \S- p¶ tIim-Zn-]m-Z-hÀ®\ lmky- n\v D¯a Zrãm- -am-Wv.

“]Ãn-S-bn-S-bn tImensS apdnbpw XhnSnsS Xcn-bpw, ]dp-]-d-X-e-bpw, N{]- p-

Wn-bpw, \Sp-s¡mcp s¯fn-hpw, XpS-bvs¡m-scm-gn-hpw, ]¨ne \ndhpw Fsâ Ipt -e-g-

Inb tImtX Pb-P-b.”

“Ch-fp-X-s¶-bmWv \Ã AÊÂ H¶m- cw thiy. HcmÄ ]d-bp¶p: \½sf

Itæ-Sw-sImæp Ipd¨p k¡mtcms¡ Dæm-bn. \mgo-cp-\mgn D½n-t¡-cn, Hcp sI«p

amhn-e, Hcp sI«v CuÀ¡n-en, Hcp Inæn-shÅw Ip¯n-b-aÀ¯n...

shÅ-sa- n\m AaÀ -tW....

IqSp-Xep sImÅm³... \½-f-§s\ hS-¡n\osS hS-t¡- p-d¯p t]mbn X®ow

IpSn¨p ]Ãp-tX-¡m³ t]mbn-t«m...

F¦n ]Ãp-tX v: ]ip-hns\ hen- -Sp- - p-h- p.” C§s\ \ofp¶p tImbn¼m-

S-cpsS kw`m-j-Ww.31

Imfo-\m-S-I- nse ZmcpI \mcZ kwhmZw ]cn-lm-k- n IeÀ¶-Xm-Wv. inhs\

]cn-l-kn- p-sImæv Zmcp-I³ ]d-bp¶ hm¡p-IÄ Bt£-]-lm-ky- n-\p- a Zrãm-

-am-Wv. Zmcp-Isâ t\m«- n Irjn-¡m-c-\m-bn-cn-¡p-¶-XmWv inh\p ]änb ]Wn.

"\S-sbmcp Imf-sbmæp \¶m-bn-s«m-ä-am-dmw

amdnà _e- -{Zsâ Ie- bpw hm§n-s¡mÅmw

Iqdp-In agp-hp-sImæp sImgp-shm¶p X«n-s¡mÅmw

Bsdmæp PU-bn shÅw CÃ-bm-In-eXpw Xncn¡mw

Gsd Hæp qX- m-·m-sc-Ãmcpw hfw Npa-¡pw.32

70

Iq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpwIq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpwIq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpwIq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpwIq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpw

Bcym-[n\n-thiw tIc-f- nsâ kmaq-lnI Pohn-X- n Ht«sd amä-§Ä¡v

CS-bm-¡n. mj-bp-tSbpw kmln-Xy- nsâbpw Imcy- n am{X-aà cwK-I-e-I-fnepw.

a\p-jy-Po-hn-X- nsâ kakvX taJ-e-I-fnepw Cu amäw {]I-S-am-bn. Bcm[-\m-Øm\w

t£{X-§-fm-bn. Irjn-bn-S-§fnepw Imhp-I-fn-ep-ambn Ac-t§dn-bn-cp¶ Ie-IÄ t£{X-

§-fn CXn-\m-bpÅ {]tXyI Øm\-§-fn-te¡v amdn. Iq¯,v IqSn-bm«w, IY-Ifn,

XpS-§nb Iem-cq-]-§Ä ¢mknIv ]Z-hn-bn-te-¡p-bÀ¶p. NmIymÀ \S- p¶ ]pcm-W-I-

Ym-hn-h-c-W-amWv Iq v. kwkvIrX \mS-Im- n-\-b-amWv IqSn-bm-«w. \r -\rXy \mSy-

§Ä ka-\z-bn-¡p¶ tIc-f- nsâ X\Xp Iem-cq-]-amWv IY-I-fn. kwL-Imew apXÂ

"Iq v' ChnsS Dæm-bn-cp-¶p. Nne- -Xn-Im-c- n hnh-cn-¡p¶ Ipc-ssh-¡q- v, ]mh-

¡q v XpS-§n-bh DZm-l-c-Ww. hnZq-j-Isâ khn-tij km¶n-[y-amWv IqSn-bm-«s¯

BIÀj-I-am-¡n-b-Xv. ]tS-\n, If-sa-gp v XpS§n \nc-h[n Iem-cq-]-§-fpsS kzm[o-\-

¯n-ep-æmb cma-\m«w \nc-h[n ]cn-jvIm-c-§-sf- p-SÀ¶v IY-I-fn-bm-bn.

NmIym-·mÀ Ah-X-cn- n-¡p¶ Cu ZriyIe-I-sf- än sI. ]n. \mcm-bW]njm-

tcmSn C§s\ ]d-bp-¶p. ss\an-im-c-Wy- n k\-ImZn alÀjn-I-fpsS kZ-ÊnÂ

`mK-hXIY ]d-bp¶ kqX-s\¶ k¦-ev]- n Iq -¼-e- nse {_mÒWkZ-Êns\

Dt±-in v NmIy-·mÀ hnZq-jI thj- n \nÀÆ-ln-¡p¶ ]pcmW IY-\-amWv Iq v.

Häbv¡p \S- p¶ A`n-\bw Iq¯pw, H¶n-tesd \S-·mÀ cwK- p-h¶v A`n-\-bn-¡p-

¶Xv IqSn-bm-«hpw.33 tIc-fob Ie-I-fpsS A´À[m-c-bmbn \ne-sIm-æn-cp¶ lmkyw

NmIymÀIq- nepw IqSn-bm-«- nepw ]c-tIm-Sn-bn-se- p-¶p. Xsâ ap¶n Ccn-¡p¶

Btcbpw, cmPm-hn-s\-t¸mepw ]cn-l-kn-¡m³ NmIymÀ¡v e`n¨ kzmX{´yw lmky-

¯n\v tIc-fo-bÀ \ÂIn-bn-cp¶ {]m[m-\y-s -bmWv hyà-am-¡p-¶-Xv. \r - n\ v

]Icw A`n-\-b- n\v {]m[m\yw Iev]n¨v A\ym-Zrickn-I-Xz-apÅ IYm-Jym-\hpw

71

IYmhym-Jym-\hpw GI{X ka-\z-bn- n¨ Hcp {]N-cWIebmbn NmIym-·mÀ Iq¯ns\

amän.

kZ-ky-cpsS tNãmhnti-j-§-sfbpw BIrXnhnti-j-§-sfbpw IYmk À -t¯m-

Sn-W¡n en-X-ap-æm-¡m³ NmIym-·mÀ¡v Akm-am\y ]mShw Dæv. Ip«-t©cn \mcm-

bW NmIymÀ {]tbm-Kn¨ Hcp enXw DZm-l-cn-¡mw. Aleymtam£- n KuX-a³

AlÊp ]peÀt¶m F¶-dn-bm³ tcmaw Xncn- -dn-bm-dmtbm F¶p ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-¶-

XmWv k À`w. ap³\nc-bn¯s¶ Ccn-¡p¶ tImgn- p-d¯p \¼q-Xn-cn-bpsS Ij-

æn- ebn kq£n¨pt\m¡n-sImæv \mcmbWNmIymÀ Hscmä tcmaw t]mepw

ImWm-\n-Ã. AlÊp ]peÀ¶n-«nà F¶p ]dªp. CXp-tI«v tImgn- p-d¯p \¼q-Xncn

Dds¡ s]m«n- n-cn- p. tImgn Iqhn- p-S-§n, AlÊp ]pe-cm³ C\nbpw Xma-k-ap-æm-

hnà F¶mbn NmIym-cpsS ASp¯ {]tbmKw.34 hnZq-j-Isâ {]`m-jW coXn-sb- än

]cm-aÀin-¡p¶ amWn-am-[hNmIymÀ BZyw {]mIrXw sNmÃn, cæm-aXv AXnsâ Omb

sNmÃn aq¶m-aXv ae-bmf mj-bn AÀ°w ]d-bp-t¼mÄ lmky-c-k- n\v {]m[m\yw

\ÂIn. ]pcmW IYm-]m-{X-§sf kam-Pn-I-·m-cmbn Iev]n¨v Ahsc Nqæn-s¡mæv

kam-tkm-àn-bmbn ]dªv t{]tbm-e-¦m-c-am¡n XoÀ¡p¶p F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.35

kwkvIrX \mS-Im- n-\-b-amb IqSn-bm-«- n\v tIc-f- n Ht«sd ]cn-jvIm-c-§Ä

Dæm-bn-«p-æv. atlm-Z-b-]pcw hmWn-cp¶ Ipe-ti-Jcs]cp-am-fpsS kZ-ky-\m-bn-cp¶

tXmesâ ]¦v Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-am-Wv. IqSn-bm-«- n hnZq-j-I\v IqSp-X {]m[m\yw

Iev]n- p. Abm-sf-s¡mæv ip²kwkvIr-X- n-e-ÃmsX an{i- m-j-bn tÇmI-§Ä

sNmÃn v kpZoÀL-amb kmaq-lnI ØnXn hnUw-_-\-§Ä \S- n-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp.

kwkvIr-Xm\- n-Ú-cmb qcn-]£kZ-kysc ckn- n v kzm[o-\-s¸Sp- m³ Cu mjm-

an-{i-Whpw lmky {]tbm-Khpw temI hnaÀi-\hpw kap-Nn-tXm-]mbambncp¶-Xmbn

72

s{]m^. F³. IrjvW-]nÅ ]d-bp¶p.36 Iq¯nepw hymJym-\- n-\n-S-bn NmIymÀ

\S- p¶ kc-k-§-fmb kmap-lnI hnaÀi-\-§Ä Kuc-h-bp-à-amb [mÀ½n-Im-ib§-

fn-te¡v cwK-hm-kn-Isf \bn- p.

NmIym-cpsS thjw-t]mepw lmky-hp-ambn _Ô-s -«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Acn-amhv Ipg v

apJ¯pw tZl¯pw ssI¿nepw Imenepw aäpw tX¡p-¶Xv lmky- nsâ \nd-amb

shfp- ns\ kqNn- n-¡m-\m-Wv. ]ma-c-·m-cmb kZ-kyÀ¡v IYm-I-Y-\w, en-Xw, F¶n-

h-bn-eqsS Xmev]cyw P\n- n-¡p-I-bmWv hnZq-j-Isâ e£yw. IÀ½- -ew, hnhm-Zw,

]pcp-jmÀ°-§Ä F¶n-h-sb- -än-bpÅ {]`m-j-W-amWv hnZq-j-Isâ {][m\ IrXyw.

[À½w, AÀ°w, Imaw, tam£w F¶o \mep ]pcp-jmÀ°§fpsS {]m]vXn t¢i-I-c-

am-b-Xn-\m Ahbv¡p ]I-c-ambn Ffp- - n km[n-¡m-hp¶ hnt\mZw, h©-\w,

Ai-\w, cmP-tkh F¶o \mep ]pcp-jmÀ°-§sf NmIymÀ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. hnt\mZw

F¶ Ima-]p-cp-jmÀ°- n\v Gähpw A\p-tbm-Pyw thiym-K-a-\-amWv hnhn[ Xc-¡m-

cmb thiy-I-fpsS e£-W-§Ä NmIymÀ hnh-cn-¡p-¶p. thiy-Isf h©n-¡p-¶-XmWv

h©\w F¶ ]pcp-jmÀ°w. KW-]Xn {]mX-ens\ A\p-kva-cn v h \ tÇmIw sNmÃn.

Ai-\- n\v t]mtIæ Øm\w \nÝ-bn-¡p-t¼mÄ hnhn[ kz`m-h-¡m-cmb BXn-tY-

b-sc-¸än ]d-bp-¶p. kc-k-·m-cnÂh¨v kc-k-·m-cmb BXn-tY-b-cpsS ASp¯v

]{´æmwamk kZybv¡v thWw t]mtI-æ-Xv. ]pcp-jmÀ°- nse kZp-]-tZiw kap-

Zmb]cn-jvI-c-W- n\pXIp-¶-Xm-sW¶v amWn-am-[-h-Nm-IymÀ ]d-bp-¶p.37 [À½w kZy-

bqWpw AÀ°w cmP-tk-hbpw Imaw thiym-{]m-]vXnbpw tam£w thiymh©-\-hpam-

sW¶v ]dª {_mÒ-W-\mb hnZq-j-I³ Xm³ cmP-tk-hbv¡v sN¶p IqSp-¶-Xn\p

ap¼pÅ Xsâ Ncn{Xw hÀ®n-¡pI F¶ hymtP\ {_mÒ-WÀ¡v h¶p tNÀ¶n-«pÅ

A[x-]-X-\s¯ Bt£-]n-¡p-I-bmWv sN¿p-¶-sX¶v Abva\w IrjvW-ssI-aÄ

73

]d-bp-¶p.38

]pcp-jmÀ° hÀ®-\-bv¡n-S-bn kc-k-§-fmb [mcmfw tÇmI-§fpw D]-I-Y-

Ifpw NmIymÀ Ah-X-cn- n-¡p-¶p. sh®-bm-Ip¶ a -kvan-X-apÅ apJhpw hdp-s -

Sp¯ hgp-Xn-\§ A[-c-§fpw a[p-c-¡dn kvX\- -c§fpw, ]pfn-tÈcn DZ-chpw Fcp-a-

-bnÀ ISn {]tZ-ihpw Nn§w]gw XpS-I-fp-am-bpÅ `pành[p-hns\ hÀ®n-¡p¶

tÇmIw NmIym-cpsS \À½t_m[s¯ {]Xn- -en- n-¡p¶p.39

""sh®-kvtac apJow hd- p-h-dfpw

hr mI Z -OZmw

sNtäm-a-·-[p-c-¡dn kvX\`cmþ

aavtfm-]Zw tim`cow

sIev]mÀt¶m-sc-cp-a- -bnÀ ISn-XSmw

Nn§w ]tgm-cp-Zz-boþ

ta\mw `pàn-h[qw ]ncnª-bn, ktJ

temI:IYw PohXn''.

NmIymÀ ]d-bp¶ D]-I-Y-I-fn kc-k-amb H¶mWv {_mÒ-W-sâbpw cP-I-

sâbpw IY. cP-Isâ IgpX {_mÒ-Wsâ hf- nse Noc- Xn-¶p. Ip]n-X-\mb {_mÒ-

W³ Igp-X-bpsS Imev XÃn-sbm-Sn- p. cP-I³ ]Icw tNmZn-¡m-s\- n. hmt¡-ä- nÂ

Nhn-t«äv {_mÒW mcy-bpsS KÀ`w Ae-kn. {_mÒW³ ]cm-Xn-bp-ambn cmP-k-¶n-[n-

bn F¯n. Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw Bh-emXn tI« cmPmhv in£ hn[n- p. Igp-X-bpsS Imev

kpJ-am-Ip-¶-Xp-hsc {_mÒ-W³ Igp-X-bpsS tPmen sN¿p-I. cmP-I³ {_mÒ-Wsâ

`mcybv¡v KÀ`w Dæm-¡n-s¡m-Sp-¡p-I. in£ tI«v Ccp-hcpw hnUvVn-I-fmbn aS-§n.40

alm-cm-Pm-hnsâ t\sc \À½w {]tbm-Kn v A]-I-S- n NmSp-Ibpw \À½-t_m-

[w-sImæv Xs¶ c£-s]-Sp-Ibpw sNbvX NmIym-cpsS IY {]kn-²-am-Wv. ]q -¡-®-

74

\mb cmPm-hns\ t\m¡n NmIymÀ ]q¨ ]q¨ Mymhq Fs¶ms¡ iÐ-ap-æm-¡n. tIm]n-

jvT-\mb cmPmhv NmIymsc sIm«m-c- n hnfn- p-h-cp- n. Ct¸m-sg- mbn F¶ tNmZy-

¯n\v ]q -bpsS ap¼nÂs¸« Fensbt¸mse-bmbn F¶ adp-]Sn cmPm-hns\ s]m-«n-

¨ncn¸n¨p. k À`w Adnªv enXw {]tbm-Kn-¡m-\p-Å NmIym-cpsS Ign-hmWv ChnsS

{]I-Sw. hnZq-j-Isâ Ac-§n \n¶mWv ae-bmflmkyw hfÀ¶-Xv. hnZq-j-IXzw AXm-

bXv ]c-]-cn-lmkw ae-bmflmky- nsâ apJ-ap-{Z-bm-bn- oÀ¶p.

XpÅ-ense lmkywXpÅ-ense lmkywXpÅ-ense lmkywXpÅ-ense lmkywXpÅ-ense lmkyw

"Iq¯nse lmkymw-is¯ kwKo-Xhpw \r¯hpw Xmf-ta-f-§fpw IeÀ¯n ]cn-

jvI-cn- -h-X-cn- n- -XmWv XpÅÂ. XpÅÂIebv¡v Hcp hyh-Øm-]n-X-cq]w \ÂIn-

bXv Ip©³ \¼ym-cm-Wv. ]m¼n³XpÅÂ, tImacwXpÅÂ, tImew-Xp-ÅÂ, ]S-bWn

XpÅ XpS§n \nc-h[n XpÅ cq]-§Ä ChnsS Dæm-bn-cp-¶p. Xsâ Npäpw \ne-

\n-¶n-cp¶ AXy´w hn]p-e-amb Zriy-I-em-th-Zn-sb- än \¼ymÀXs¶ tLmjbm{X

XpÅ-f-en ]cm-aÀin-¡p¶pæv .

""Iq¯p-sæmcp Znin ]m«p-sæmcp Znin

Hm¯p-sæmcp Znin IoÀ -\-samcp Znin

B«-sam-tc-S- - ymkn-I-fpsS

Nm«-sam-tc-S- m-bp[ hnZy

sIm«pw tImeSn sN¸Sn X¸Sn

X«n-t·Â¡fn XInepw apcipw

\mSI \S\w \À½ hnt\mZw

]mTI ]T\w ]mh-¡q¯pw''41

\¼ymÀ ASp¯p ]cn-N-bn¨ Cu Ie-I-fn-emWv XpÅ-ensâ thcp-IÄ. ap¼n-en-cn-

75

¡p¶ alm-cm-Pm-¡-·m-sc-t¸mepw apJ- p-t\m¡n ]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ NmIym-·m-cpsS ]mc-

¼cyw Ipsd-¡qSn iàn-a- mbcoXn-bn ]n´p-S-cp-I-bmWv \¼ymÀ sNbvX-Xv. Iq¯nepw

IqSn-bm-«- nepw NmIymÀ {]]-©\w sN¿m-dpÅ kIe IY-Ifpw Ah-cpsS ^enX

]cn-lm-k-§Ä¡pw \nÀ±m-£nWyhnaÀi-\-§Ä¡pw sXÃpw Ipdhp hcp-¯msX

kwKoX wKn-I-tfmSpw Xmf-ta-f-s¡m-gp-t¸mSpw A`n-\b]pãn-tbm-Spw-IqSn XpÅ-en-eqsS

\¼ymÀ Ah-X-cn- n- -Xmbn \mcm-bW ]njm-tcmSn ]d-bp-¶p. 42 NmIym-cpsS Iq¯pw

hnZq-j-I-hm¡pw CÃmsXbpw Ip©³ \¼n-bmÀ angmhp sIm«p¶ \¼n-bmÀ AÃm-

sXbpw Ccp-s¶-¦n XpÅ F¶ Ie-bpsS A`m-h-ambncpt¶-s\-sb¶v A½m-a³X¼p-

cm³ ]d-bp-¶p.43 tImanIv Po\n-bkv F¶ hnti-j-W- n\v AÀl-\mb Ip©³

\¼ymÀ44 . Gähpw IqSp-XÂ Bkz-Zn-¡-s -Sp¶ ckw lmky-am-sW¶p a\-Ên-em-

¡nb Ihn-bm-Wv. Ihn-X-bn-se-¶-Xp-t]mse Pohn-X- nepw NmXp-cy-t¯msS ^enX

{]tbmKw \S- n-bXp kw_-Ôn¨v \nc-h[n IY-I-fp-æv.

^en-Xhpw ]cn-lm-khpw XpÅÂ Ihn-X-IfpsS aqJykhn-ti-j-X-bm-Wv. lmky-

¯nsâ hnhn[cq]-§Ä \¼ymÀ¡hn-X-bn Isæ- mw. iÐ-P-\y-amb Nncn, AÀ°-

P-\y-amb Nncn, tImamfnthj-§-fpsS Ah-X-c-W-¯nÂ\n¶p-æm-Ip¶ Nncn,

AÇoehÀ®\-I-fnÂ\n-¶p-f-hm-Ip¶ Nncn, `n¶ `mjmkwtbmKwsImæp-æm-Ip¶

Nncn Ch-bvs¡ms¡ DZm-l-c-W-§Ä XpÅ- ]m«p-I-fn Dæv. t{imXm-¡-fpsS apJ¯p

t\m¡n A{]nbkXyw ]d-bm-\pÅ Xtâ-S-amWv Ip©³ \¼ymsc ae-bm-f- nse

Gähpw henb kä-b-dn-Ìm-¡n-b-Xv. \¼ym-cpsS Imes¯ PohnX kml-N-cy-§Ä ]cn-

lm-k- n\v aqÀ -Iq-«p¶ Xc- n-ep-Å-Xm-bn-cp-¶p. kmwkvIm-cn-Im-[x-]-X-\-Im-e-am-bn-

cp¶p A¶v. tPmen sN¿msX kpJ-tem-ep-]-cmbn Ignª {_mÒ-WÀ, \m«pcmPy-§-

fpsS XIÀ -tbmsS sXmgn cln-X-cmb \mbÀ ssk\n-IÀ. ]uc-Po-hnXw ]gb ASn-

-d-bnÂ\n¶v Cf-Ip-Ibpw ]pXn-b-Xn Dd-bv¡m-Xn-cn-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXImew. A¼p-

76

sIm-Åm- -h-cnà Ipcp-¡-fn F¶v \¼ymÀXs¶ ]d-ª-t]mse ]cn-lm-k- nsâ

icw G¡m¯ Bcpw A¶s¯ kaq-l- n CÃm-bn-cp¶p.

XpÅ ImWm³ F¯p¶ km[m-cW P\-§-fpsS ap¼n Nncn-bpsS A£-b-

]m{Xw Xdp¶ph¨n-cn-¡p-I-bmWv \¼ymÀ. Xsâ Imhyk¦-ev]- n lmky-s¯bpw

A´À -hn- n¨n-«p-sæ¶v At±lw ]ek À -§-fnepw shfn-s -Sp- p-¶p.

""hen- -ap-Å-hÀ¡pw hbÊp sN¶-hÀ¡pw \Âþ

Ipe- n-ep-Å-hÀ¡pw \mcn-amÀ¡pw inip-¡Ä¡pw

Nncn- m³ kwK-Xn-bp-Å Ihn-X-IÄ sNmÃn-bmÂtIþ

«ncn- m³ B{K-l-ap-æm-sa-¶ntb k¡Y tI«mÂ

Xncn- m-s\-s´mcp amÀ¤-sa¶p t\m¡p-¶-h-tc-dpw... (l\p-a-ZpZv`hw) 45

""Nncn-¡p¶ IY tI«m-en-cn¡pw Bb-X-sÃ-¦nÂ

¯ncn-¡p-a-§s\ mhn- n-cn-¡p¶ S-·msc'' (Ipw- -IÀ® h[w)

"Ihn-X-IÄ tIÄ¡p-t¶cw Xs¶

sNhn-bp-tÅmÀ¡m-\ w thWw' (cp-Ivan-Wo-kz-bw-h-cw)

{]mkhp aÀ°-hp-anS tNÀ -Xn-epþ

Åmky ck-§-fp-a-§p-f-hm¡n

¯oÀ¡pw \sÃmcp Ihn-bpsS Ihn-X-IÄ

tIÄ¡pw ]cn-j-I-sf{X ckn¡pw (kya- Iw Hm«³Xp-ÅÂ)46

lmk- n-s\mcp amÀ¤w Nne Zn¡n-eXpw thWw

{]mk- n-s\m-tc-S¯pw Ipd-hn-Ãm-Xn-cn-t¡Ww

................

IY-bn kwKXn tNÀ¯p Ign-¡p-t¼m-f-Xn¡qSn

IYn-t¡-æn-hcpw Iq¯p-I-hn-Ifpw Nne Zn¡nÂ

77

.........................

Hcp- À¡pw eLp-Xzs¯ hcp- p-hm³ taml-anÃ

Hcp- \pw lnX-ambn¸d-hm\pw mh-anà (]t©-t{ m-]m-Jym\w)

hyàn-\n-c-t]-£hpw [À½{]tNm-Zn-Xhpw kÀÆ-X{´kzX-{´-hp-amb Hcp

lmky{]tbm-K-co-Xn-bmWv \¼ymÀ XpÅ-ep-I-fn kzoI-cn- n-cp-¶-sX¶v At±-l- nsâ

hm¡p-IÄXs¶ hyà-am-¡p-¶p.

kmam\yP\-§-fpsS Ihn-bmb \¼ymÀ Ah-cpsS t_m[-a-WvU-es¯ DWÀ -

¯¡ coXn-bn-emWv lmkyw Bhn-jvI-cn- n-«p-Å-Xv. tLmj-bm{X Hm«³Xp-Å-enÂ

Zptcym-[-\m-Zn-Isf ]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ mKw DZm-l-c-Ww.

""hn®-hÀ \m«n-en-cn¡pw thiyþ

s¸®p-§-sS \Sp-ap-ä-a-Sn- m³

s]m®-·m-cn-hÀ sImÅm-a-h-cpsS

s]®p-§-fpsS hnSp-]Wn sN¿n¡mw

Imfn-s¸®p Ipfn-¡p-t¶cw

Xmfn- -X- m-s\m-cp-h³ sImÅmw

\oen-s -®n\p \n{Zm-k-atb

ImenW sR¡m-s\m-cp-h³ sImÅmw''47

kmam\yP\-§-fpsS kw`m-jW ssien-bnÂ\n¶v C{X-tbsd ]g-s©m-Ãp-Ifpw

]ZssienIfpw kzoI-cn v Ahbv¡v kmln-Xobkm[pXzw \ÂInb asämcp Ihn-bn-Ã.

"F{¼m-\ev]w I«p- p-Pn- mþ

e¼-e-hm-kn-I-sfms¡ I¡pw'' (ky-a- Iw XpÅÂ)

"Bim-\-£-c-sam¶p ]ng- mÂ

78

A¼-s¯m¶p ]ngbv¡pw injy\v'

"Imcy-¡m-c³ Ifhp XpSÀ¶mÂ

Ic-ta-ep-Å-hÀ I«p-ap-Sn¡pw' (io-em-hXo Ncn-Xw).

A[mÀ½n-I-Xsb hnaÀin-¡p-Ibpw {Iqc-X-I-sfbpw Zuãy-§-sfbpw A]-cm-[-

§-sfbpw \ncq-]n¨p Xncp- p-Ibpw sN¿p-I-bmWv Xsâ e£y-sa¶v \¼ymÀ Icp-Xn.

DÂIr-ã-amb [À½t_m[- nsâ--bpw AI-·-j-amb a\p-jy-kvt\-l- n-sâbpw \nZÀi-

\-amWv \¼ym-cpsS lmkyw. hmÕ-ey- n\v AwK-am-bn-«p-t]mepw \À½- mhw Bhn-

jvI-cn-¡p-¶p. Imfn-b-aÀ±\w ioX-¦³ XpÅ-en _me-tKm-]m-e-\mb {ioIr-jvW³

Xm\n\n Imen-ta-bv¡m³ t]mhn-söv amXm-hn-t\mSv ]d-bp¶ k À`w GsXmcp klr-

Z-b-s\bpw \À½-c-k- n Ba-á-\m-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. 48 IrjvW-eo-e-bnse \À½-c-khpw

CXn-\p-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv.

"I¶ns\ ta¨p h\- n \S-¡p-t¼m-þ

sfms¶m-gn-bm-sX-bn-s -®p-§-sfm-¡-th

h-¶p-S-s\-¶psS Npäpw \nd-ªp-S³

\nt¶mtcm hm¡p-I-sfÃm apc-bv¡p¶p

F¶-Xp-a-Ãt½! sasÃ-bn-s -®p-§þ

sfs¶- n-Sn- p-S³ ssIs¡m-æ-aÀ¯p¶p

\¶-¡-\¯ ape-I-fm amÀhnSw

X¶n-e-W¨p ]nSn¨p apdp-¡p¶p

C -c-sas¶ ]nSn- -aÀ¯p-¶-Xnþ

\p¯cw tNmZn- -Xn\p Rm³ t]mcptam!

F¶-Xp-sImæp Rm\n¶pw h\-§-fnÂ

79

I¶p-ta- m-\mbv Kan-¡nà \nÝbw'

\¼ym-cpsS cq£-]-cn-lmkw Gäp-hm-§nb hn`mKw \mbÀ kaq-l-am-Wv. ]S-h-cp-

¶Xp Iæ-t¸mÄ hSn-sb-Sp-¡m³ Ipªn-s -®n-t\mSp ]d-bp¶ \mbcpw (io-em-h-Xo-

N-cn-Xw) hni-¶p-h-eªp h¶-t¸mÄ Imb-¡-ªn-¡-cn-bn-«n-söv a\-Ên-em¡n tImem-

l-e-ap-æm-¡p¶ \mbcpw (\f-N-cnXw ]d-b³XpÅÂ). KÔÀÆ-tk-\-tbmtSäp-ap«n b-

t¶m-Sp¶ \mb-·m-cpsS sNbvXnIfpw (tLmj-bm{X) \¼ym-cpsS \À½ {]Xn- -bpsS

kw`m-h-\-I-fm-Wv. "ssI¸ng h¶Xp sImæpÅ {Kl- ng' , ‘]t¿ \n\¡pw ]¡-

¯mtWm tNmdv ’, ‘]m¸m-b-k- nsâ Ibv]v ASn-b-\n-ã-am-Wv ’, ‘ImXn-tem-e-þ-\-Ã-

Xmfn ’ XpS§n \¼ym-cpsS Pohn-X-hp-ambn _Ô-apÅ ]cm-aÀi-§fpw At±-l- nsâ

\À½]mS-h- nsâ anI¨ DZm-l-c-W-§-fmbn \ne-sIm-Åp-¶p.

IY-I-fn-bnse lmkywIY-I-fn-bnse lmkywIY-I-fn-bnse lmkywIY-I-fn-bnse lmkywIY-I-fn-bnse lmkyw

tIc-f- nsâ X\Xp Iem-cq-]-sa¶ \ne-bn C¶v hniz-{]-kn-²-amWv IY-I-fn.

\mS³Ie-I-fp-sSbpw ¢mkn-¡Â Ie-I-fp-sSbpw kp cka-\z-b-amWv Cu Zriy-Ie.

AXv Bcy{ZmhnU kwkvIm-c-§-fpsS kwK-a-th-Zn-bm-bn. D¯ctIc-f- n \ne-\n-

¶n-cp¶ IrjvW-\m-«- n\p ]I-c-ambn sIm«m-c-¡c X¼p-cm³ Fgp-Xnb cma-\m-«- n\v

H«-\-h[n ]cn-jvIm-c-§Ä h¶mWv IY-Ifn C¶s¯ cq]- n-se- n-b-Xv. A\p-jvTm\

{][m-\-amb t£{X-I-e-I-fnse imkv{Xo-bmw-i-§fpw hnt\mZ{][m-\-§-fmb

\mS³IeI-fnse {ZmhnU {]h-W-X-Ifpw IY-I-fn-bn H¯p-tN-cp-¶p. IY-I-fn-bpsS

cq]-inev]w XnI¨pw tIc-fo-b-am-sW-¦nepw `mh-X-e- n\v `mc-Xob \mSy-im-kv{X-

t¯mSmWv B[-aÀ®yw.

B«-¡-Y-I-fn irwKmc hoc-I-cpW ck-§Ä¡mWv {]m[m-\yw. F¦nepw IY-I-

fn-bpsS thcp-IÄ tIc-f- nsâ \mtSmSn Iem-]m-c-¼-cy-§-fn sN¶v F¯n \n¡p-

80

¶-Xn\m lmky- n\pw H«pw A{]-[m-\-a-Ãm¯ Øm\w Isæ- mw. IY-I-fn-bnÂ

]e-Xp-sImæpw A\-\z-b-amb Øm\w Ah-Im-i-s -Sm-hp¶ \f-N-cn-X- n irwKm-c-

lm-ky-§-fpsS lrZ-b-lm-cn-bmb kwtbmKw ImWmw. Za-b´o kzbw-h-c- n-\m-bpÅ

EXp-]À®sâ ]pd- mSv lmky-aà irwKm-cm- m-k-am-sW¶v Fw. F¨v. imkv{Xn-Ifpw

lmkyw Xs¶-sb¶v Ip«n-IrjvWamcmcpw A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp-¶p. irwKm-chpw lmkyhpw

X½n-epÅ _Ôw t{^mbn-Un-s\-t¸m-epÅ ]mÝmXyNn -I-cpw, c-X-ap\n apX-epÅ

]uckvXy Imhy-ao-amw-k-Icpw Nqæn-¡m-Wn- n-«p-æv. lwk- nsâ \À½-c-kn-IX Ien-

Zzm-]-c-·m-cpsS hoc-hm-Z-§Ä, kz´w Aev]¯w \nXXw hyà-am-¡p¶ ]pjvIc-sâ

DZvtLm-j-§Ä, Im«m-fsâ t{]am- yÀ°-\, _mlp-Iâ-Sp-s - p¶ tIin-\n-bpsS

hmIvNm-Xpcn F¶n-hn-S-§-fn-seÃmw lrZy--amb lmkym-hn-jvImcw Isæ- mw.

tZi-aw-K-e¯p cma-hm-cn-bÀ \f-N-cn-X- n\v Fgp-Xnb Zo]n-Im-hym-Jym-\- nsâ

Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn Ip«n-Ir-jvW-am-cmÀ EXp-]À®sâ hm¡p-I-fnepw {]hr- n-I-fnepw

DÅ lmkyw hni-Zo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-æv. £Ww In«msX kzbwhc- n\p ]pd-s -«Xpw

D -cobw hoW-t¸mÄ tXcv \nÀ¯n- -Xpw, X\n¡pw hen-sbmcp hnZy Adn-bm-sa¶v

ImWn- m³ XnSp-¡-s -«XpsaÃmw amcmÀ Nqæn-¡m-Wn-¡p-¶p-æv. {]IoÀ¯\w Ien

\mi-I-sa¶v thZ-hym-k³ Nqæn-¡m-Wn- n-«pÅ EXp]À®s\ lmkyIYm-]m-{X-ambn

hymJym-\n-¡p-¶-Xn\v FXn-c- n-{]m-b-§-fp-apæv.49

"I\s¡ sImXn-I-eÀ¶p angn¨p ]mh-Isf

IWs¡ \n§fpw Iæ-§n-cn-¡th

a\-Ên-ep-d-t¸m-S-hÄ-þ-]-c¡pw P\w \Sp-hnÂ

a\p-jy- p-gp-hn-t\tbm hcn- p-t]mÂ' 50

Cu hcn-I-fnse ]cn-lmkw lmkyw IY-I-fn-¡-\y-a-sÃ-¶-Xnsâ ià-amb sXfn-

81

hm-Wv. D -cm-kz-bw-h-c- nse D -c\pw asämcp lmky IYm-]m-{X-am-Wv.

lmky-k-¼-¶-amWv tIc-f- nsâ X\Xp Ie-I-sf-Ãmw. anI¨ lmky-]m-c-¼-cy-

¯n-\p-S-a-I-fmb tIc-fo-bÀ lmky- n-\p-thæn Hcp PmXn-sb-Xs¶ thÀXn-cn¨p \nÀ¯n.

a[y-Xn-cp-hn-Xmw-Iq-dnse "]nd-§m-Sn-IÄ' F¶ PmXn-bnÂs -Sp¶ lcn-P-\-§-fpsS Ipe-

s¯m-gn lmky- n-eqsS aäp-Å-hsc hnt\m-Zn- n-¡-emWv. Bscbpw ]cn-l-kn-¡m³

ChÀ¡v kzmX-{´y-ap-æv. NmIymÀ¡v Iq¯v ]d-bp¶ Ah-k-c- n-emWv Xsâ ap¶n-

en-cn-¡p¶ Bscbpw ]cn-l-kn-¡m³ Ah-Im-i-ap-Å-Xv. temI- n lmky-Im-c-·m-cp-

tS-Xmbn Adn-b-s -Sp¶ Htc Hcp PmXnbpw Ch-cp-tS-Xm-sW¶p mkvI-c-\p®n ]d-bp-

¶p. 51

ae-bmf kmln-Xy-¯nse lmkywae-bmf kmln-Xy-¯nse lmkywae-bmf kmln-Xy-¯nse lmkywae-bmf kmln-Xy-¯nse lmkywae-bmf kmln-Xy-¯nse lmkyw

ae-bm-fn-bpsS kwkvIm-c-¯nsâ `mK-ambn amdnb lmky]mc-¼cyw FÃm

kmlnXy{]Øm-\-¯n-sâbpw A´À[m-c-bmbn \ne-sIm-f--fp-¶-Xmbn ImWmw.

kmlnXyIrXn-Ifpw {]Øm-\-§fpw AXnsâ Dt±-i-e-£y-§-fnÂ\n¶v hyXn-N-en¨v

tIh-em-\p-I-c-W-§-fmbn A[x-]-Xn-¡p-t¼mÄ Ahsb \nb-{´n-¡m-\p-æm-Ip¶ ]cn-

lm-k-I-h-\-§Ä ae-bm-fn-bpsS lmky-]m-c-¼-cy- nsâ anI¨ amXr-I-I-fm-Wv. ]mÝmXy

kmln-Xy- n _Àe-kvIp-IÄ F¶-dn-b-s -Sp¶ hn`m-K- nse lmkyIrXn-IÄ FÃm

{]Øm-\-§-fn-ep-ap-æv. ae-bmf lmkykmln-Xys¯¸än-bp-Å NÀ -bn BZyw IS-

¶p-h-cp-¶Xv Ipe-ti-J-csâ kZ-ky-\mb tXmesâ t]cm-Wv. hr¯w H¸n-¡m-\mbn

AÀ°w _en-I-gn v Imhy-c-N\ \S- p¶ Ihn-Isf ]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ \nc-h[n tÇmI-

§Ä tXmetâXm-bp-æv.

lmkkmln-Xy-¯nsâ A\p-t]-£-Wob LS-I-§Ä lmkP\-I-§-fmb

hnNn{XIev]-\-Ifpw ]cn-lmky hkvXp-hp-am-sW¶v t\mÀt{Xm]v ss{^ Nqæn-¡m-«p-

82

¶p-.52 CXn BZy-t -XnÂ\n-¶p-f-hm-Ip¶ lmkhpw cæm-a-t -Xn-t\mSv tXm¶p¶

]pÑhpw CS-I-eÀ¶-XmWv lmky kmln-Xym-kzm-Z-I-\p-æm-Ip¶ at\m- m-hw. CXv

]cn-lm-ky-amb hkvXp-hn\v AsÃ-¦n Ah-Øbv¡v amäw Dæm-I-W-sa¶ t_m[w

A\p-hm-N-I-\n Df-hm-Ip-¶p. CXn-hr- w, IYm-]m-{X-§Ä XpS-§nb LS-I-§-sf-

¡mÄ Cu ]cn-hÀ¯\ t{]c-W-bmWv lmkykmln-Xy- n {][m-\w. ae-bm-f- nse

hnhn[ kmlnXy{]Øm-\-§Ä KXm-\p-K-Xn-I-Xzw-sImæv A]-N-bn-¨-t¸mÄ ]cn-

hÀ¯\e£y-hp-ambn ]cn-lm-k-Ir-Xn-IÄ Dæm-b-Xmbn ImWmw. kt -i-Im-hy-§-

fn ZmXyq-l-k-t -iw, ImIkt -iw, \mS-I- n N¡o-N-¦-cw, Zpkv]Ài-\m-S-Iw, B«-

¡-Y-bn ]m«p-®n-N-cn-Xw, Infn- m-«n sX§pamlmßyw Infn- m-«v, alm-Im-hy-§-fnÂ

tImXm-tI-fw, t\mh-en ]d-t§mSn ]cn-Wbw XpS-§nb IrXn-IÄ C -cp-W- nÂ

kvac-Wo-b-§-fm-Wv. \ncÀ°-I-]-Z-§Ä \nc¯n Zpcm-\z-bs¯ tZmj-ambn IW-¡m-

¡msX IhnX cNn-¡p-¶-hsc ]cn-l-kn-¡p¶ tXmesâ tÇmI-§fpw C¡q-«- nÂs -

Sp- mw.

""D¯n-jvtTm- njvT cmtP{

apJw {]£m-f-b-kzS:

Gj Blz-btX Ip¡p

NsshXp ln Nssh-Xpln'' 53

Ihn-X-bpsS Bib¯n am{X-aà ]cn-lm-kw. AÃtbm cmPmth Fgp-t¶Â¡p-

I, Fgp-t¶Â¡p-I, apJw Igp-IpI F¶n-§s\ ]qh³tImgn hnfn- p-]-d-bp¶p F¶mWv

{]kvXpX tÇmI- nsâ AÀ°w. Ip¡pSsa¶ ]Z- nse ‘S’ hr -sam- n-¡p-¶-Xn-

\mbn asämcp hcn-bn-te¡v amän. ]mZ-]q-c-W- n-\p-]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶ \ncÀ°I iÐ-§-

fmb N, ssh, Xp, ln F¶n-hsb H¶n- p-tNÀ v \memw ]mZw ]qcn- n- p. Irjn-¡mÀ

tbmPn- n-Ãm¯ Imf-Isf Hcp \pI- n tNÀ v Dghv \S- p-¶-Xn-t\m-SmWv asämcp

83

tÇmI- n ZpjvI-hn-Isf D]-an-¡p-¶-Xv.

"InS- -hn-sä-¡n-S-hm-X-hn-tämþ

SW- -Xn-¢n-ã-a-\-\zn-Xm\n

]Zm-\n-Im¬aq-cn-I-sf-¡-Wt¡

Ihn-¡-cn-¦-¿À ]nsW-¡p-amdv' 54

NmIym-·mÀ hnh-cn-¡p¶ B[p-\nI ]pcp-jmÀ°-§Ä tXme-\mWv Ah-X-cn- n- -Xv.

Du«m-WtÃm a\p-jyÀ¡p-Å-[À½w

aÀ¯y-¡À°w \evInSpw cmP-tkh

thiymkv{Xo kwtbm-Kta Ima-tamÀ¯mÂ

]n¶o-tS-X-Zz-©\w tam£-amÀ¤w.55 aWn-{]-hm-f- nsâ XpS-¡-¡m-c-\m-b-dn-b-s -

Sp¶ tXme³ ae-bmf lmk-km-ln-Xy- nse ]nXm-a-l-\m-Wv. ae-bmf lmky]mc-¼-

cy- nsâ X\na tXmesâ hcn-I-fn ZÀin-¡mw.

Imfn-Zm-ksâ taL-k-t -is¯ XpSÀ¶mWv kwkvIr-X- nepw C´ybnse aäp

{]mtZ-inI mj-I-fnepw kt -i-Imhyw Fs¶mcp kmlnXy{]Øm\w Dæm-bXv. \mb-

I-\p-æm-Ip¶ hnc-lw, kt -i-l-cs\ Isæ- p-I. bm{Xm-amÀ¤w apgp-h³ hÀ®n-¡p-

I, AS-bmf hmIyw ]d-bp-I. XpS§n \nÝn-X-amb Hcp N«-¡q-«n-\p-Ån-emWv kt -i-

Im-hy-§Ä.. taL-k-t -i- n ]{´æv amks¯ hnc-l- n\v hn[n-¡-s¸« b£-³

F«p-am-k-§Ä¡p-ti-j-amWv X¶n Imam-th-i-ap-æm-¡nb ]pXp-ta-L- nsâ ASp v

kt iw sImSp- -b-bv¡p-¶-Xv. abqckt -i- n\p tij-ap-æmb ae-bmfkt iImhy-

§-fn F§-s\bpw N«-¡qSv H¸n-¡pI F¶ Hä e£yw am{Xta ImWm³ Ign-bp-I-

bp-Åp. D®p-\oenkt -iw-t]mepw apæ-bv¡Â kt iw Hcp apgp¯ Nncn F¶v Bt£-

]n-¡p-I-bmWv amcmÀ. ISp- p-cp- n-bnÂ\n¶v \mb-Is\ b£n Xncp-h-\- -]p-c¯v

84

F¯n-¡p-¶-Xpw, bph-cm-Pm-hns\ kt -i-l-c-\m-¡n-b-Xpw, aäpw ]cn-lm-k- n-\p-th-

æn-bm-sW¶v amcmÀ ]d-bp-¶p. 56 kt iImhy-§fpsS A\m-im-ky-K-Xnsb \nb-{´n-

¡p-hm³ ioshmÅn \mcm-b-W³ \¼q-Xncn Fgp-Xn-b-XmWv ZmXyqlkt -iw. ]me-

¸nÅn ae-¦m-«nÂ\n¶v Hcp Ing-h- m-en-b- mÀ sImSp-§-Ãq-cn Xma-kn-¡p¶ Xsâ

Nmenb s]¬In-Sm-hn\v Hcp \¯p aptJ\ kt -i-a-b-bv¡p-¶-XmWv AXnse {]Xn-

]m-Zyw. ]cn-lm-k- nsâ coXn a\-Ên-em-¡p-¶-Xn\v \mbn-Im-Kr-l-hÀ®\ DZm-l-c-Ww.

"Nqepw Np®m-¼p-c-epan Iew N«n ]mh-«n-I-«nÂ

¡mepw In®w Ibn Nnch Xob¼n sN½o³ InSmcw

\qen³ sI«pw apd-apdn IpSw-IqS tImSmen sXm«mþ

t¡mem-sbm-«p-¡-hnsS hfsc km[\w km[p ImWmw' 57

KXm-\p-K-Xn-I-·mcmb Ihn-Isf Bß]cn-tim-[\ sN¿n-¡m³ Cu IrXn ]cym-

]vX-am-bn.

ae-bmf \mS-I-th-Zn-bpw kwkvIrX\mS-I-§-fpsS ]cn- m-j-I-fn-eq-sS-bm-Wv hfÀ¶-

Xv. tIc-f-hÀ½bp-sSbpw Nm¯p-¡p«n a¶m-Sn-bm-cp-sSbpw \mSI XÀÖ-a-IÄ¡v Gsd

{]Nmcw e`n- p. ]cn- m-j-I-fpsS Hcp {]f-bw-Xs¶ Bbn-cp¶p ]n¶o-Sv. Cu s]cp-

shŸm¨n-en\v XS-bn-Sm³ aq¶v \mSI§fmWv A¶p-æm-b-Xv. ap³jn cma-¡p-dp- nsâ

N¡o-N-¦-cw, \mcm-b-W³ \¼ym-cpsS hS-¡³ N¡o-N-¦-cw, ioshm-Ån-bpsS Zpkv]Ài

\mS-Iw. N¡o-N-¦cw \mSIw Fgp-Xm-\p-æmb kml-Ncyw ap³jn cma-¡p-dp v ]pkvX-

I- nsâ Bap-J- n hyà-am-¡p-¶p-æv. henb tImbn- -¼p-cm³ Xncp-a-\-Êmse

`mjm-im-Ip- -fhpw a¶m-Sn-bm-c-hÀI-fpsS Pm\Io]cn-W-bhpw ]pd¯p h¶-Xn-\p-ti-

j-am-bn«v cà-_o-P-·mcpsS DÛ-hw-t]mse F{X \mSIamWp-æm-b-sX-¶-dn-bm-a-tÃm.

_p²n-am-·m-cmb ]e \mSI Ihn-Ifpw IrXn-Isf ]pd-s -Sp-hn-¡p-¶p-sæ-¦nepw

85

B IrXn-I-fpsS tZmj]cn-lm-c-¯n\p aäp-hn-[-¯n Ffp-¸-an-ÃmsX hcn-I-bmÂ

X¡mew Hc-aÀ¨ hcp- -W-sa¶v IcpXn Rm³Xs¶ H¶p _p²n-ap-«n-¡-f-bm-sa-¶p-

h- p. Npcp-¡- n ]d-ªm ]mh-s¸« N¡o-N-¦-c- nsâ Dt±iw apJy-am-bn«pw

CXp-X-s¶. \mS-I- n Ipw`m-WvU³ F¶ IYm-]m-{X-s -s¡mæv tIcf`q`mc\mS-

I-¡msc XÃn FsÃm-Sn-¡p-sa-¶pw. hæn-¡mfIW¡p h¶ Ihnaæ-·mÀ¡p aæ-

bv¡Sn sImSp-¡p-sa¶pw ]d-bn-¡p¶p. AÔ-amb A\p-I-cW{`m´pw A -Êm-c-iq-\y-

amb \nÀ½mW{]h-W-Xbpw H¶p-tNÀ¶v ae-bmf \mS-I-th-Zn-bn \S-¶p-t]m¶

kwlmcXmWvU-h- n-s\mc-dpXn hcp- m³ cma-¡p-dp- nsâ ]mip-]m-Xm-kv{X- n\p

Ign-ª-Xm-bn- Im«p-amSw\mcm-b-W³ ]d-bp-¶p. 58 IY-Ifn {]nb-\mb ap³jn cma¡pdn-

¸n\v \mS-I-sa¶ Iem-cq-]-t¯m-SpÅ ]pÑw IqSn-bmWv N¡oN¦cw Fgp-Xm³ t{]c-I-

am-b-sX¶v kn.-sP. tXma-knsâ A`n-{]mbw59

ioshm-Ån-bpsS Zpkv]Ài\mSIhpw A¡m-es¯ \mS-I-§sf Ah-tl-fn-¡p-

hm³ Fgp-Xn-bn-«p-Å-Xm-Wv. A¼-e- nse ASn- p-X-fn-¡mcn Zpkv]ÀibmWv \mbn-I.

B\-¡m-c³ Ãm-X-I³\mbÀ \mb-I³. Icn-¦p-dn-ªnbpw s]cp-¦p-cp-¼bpw kJn-amÀ.

Xph-c-I³ hb-ky³. IYm-]m-{X- nsâ t]cp-sIm-æp-Xs¶ ]cn-lm-k¯nsâ coXn a\-

Ên-em-Ipw.

irwKm-c- nt\m hoc- nt\m {]m[m-\y-apÅ IYm-k- À -§-fmWv B«-¡-Ybv¡v

hnj-b-am-Im-dp-Å-Xv. tIm«b¯pX¼p-cm\pw D®mbn hmcycpw irwKm-cs¯ AXnsâ

DXvIrã \ne-bn Bhn-jvI-cn- -h-cm-Wv. F¶m ]n¶o-Sp-Å-h-cpsS irwKm-cm-hn-jvI-

cWw irwKm-cm- m-k-am-bn. irwKmcw am{X-aà cwK-kw-hn-[m-\w, cmKw, Xmfw, ]Z-{]-

tbmKw F¶n-h-sbÃmw A\p-I-cn-¡p¶ {]h-W-X-bp-æm-bn. CXn-s\-Xn-sc-bpÅ ià-

amb ]cn-lm-k-amWv ]m«p-®n-N-cnXw F¶ AÚmXIÀ¯r-I-amb B«-I-Y. \mev

86

D¯a {_mÒ-W-cpsS `mcy-bmWv B«-¡-Y-bnse \mbn-I-bmb ]m«p-®n. ]pdta aä-

t\Iw {_mÒ-WÀ clky À¯m-¡-·m-cmbpw Dæv. Cu B«-¡Y If-Ifn kmln-Xy-

¯n\pw ae-bm-f- n\pw A]-am-\-I-c-am-sW¶v tUm. Fkv. sI. \mbÀ ]d-bp-¶p.60

]cn-l-kn-t¡æ sshIr-Xn-Isf ]ÀÆ-Xo-I-cn v {]ZÀin- n-¡p¶ _Àe-kvInsâ kmt¦-

XnI amÀ¤-amWv CXnsâ cN-\bv¡v kzoI-cn- n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]m«p-®n-bpsS À¯m-¡-·m-

cn-sem-cp-h-\mb sN¼-I-tÈcn \¼q-Xncn ]m«p-®n-tbmSv \S- p¶ Imam- yÀ°\ kwt`m-

K-irw-Kmcw F{X-t¯mfw A[x-]-Xn v B`m-k-am-Im-sa-¶-Xn\v DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv. {][m\

IY-bp-ambn bmsXmcp _Ô-hp-an-Ãm¯ B\- o-X-½-bpsS cwK-{]-th-iw, B«-¡-Y-bnÂ

]pcmW IY-IÄ¡n-S-bv¡v cksshNn-{Xy- n-\p-thæn DÄs -Sp- m-dpÅ A{]-[m\

IYm-]m-{X-§sf HmÀ½-s -Sp- p-¶p. Ir{Xn-a-ambn hoc-cu-{Z-c-k-§Ä B«-¡-Y-bnÂ

krãn-¡p-¶-Xns\ ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-thæn Ipc-§s\ Ah-Xcn- n-¡p-¶p. ]m«p-

®nsb Iæn«v Ipc-§-\p-t]mepw “amc-i-c-amep aa a\-kn-h-f-cp-¶p.” \mb-nIsb ISn-

¡p¶ Ipc-§sâ ASp-¡-te¡v im´n-¡m-cmb `À¯m-¡-·mÀ N«p-I-hp-ambn F¯p-

¶p.

"aÀ¡-Sm, IoSm \nÂs¡-Sm, aqV

aXn aXn \n¶psS [mÀãyw

þþ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þ-þþ

aqÀJm, t]mcn\p hcnI iTm...' 61

B«-¡Ym-{]-Øm-\- nsâ A[x-]-X-\- n\v Imc-W-amb FÃm {]h-W-X-I-tfbpw

CXn ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶p-æv. `£y-h-kvXp-¡sf IYm-]m-{X-§-fm¡n aS-hqÀ Imfp

Bim³ Fgp-Xnb £ptZm-Z\ hnP-bw. B«-¡-Y-bpsS kqIc {]k-h-\- n\v AdpXn

hcp¯n.

87

Infn- m«pIfpsS F®w `mj-bn IqSn-h¶ ka-b¯v Ahsb \nb-{´n-¡pI

F¶ e£y-t¯msS ap³jn-cm-a-¡p-dp v Fgp-Xn-b-XmWv ‘sX§pamlmßyw’ Infn- m-«v.

{io KW-]Xn Xs¶ Rm\nXm h n-¡p¶p

BK-a-¡m-X-emb mc-Xo-tZhn Xsâ

ImenW cæpw-IqsS Rm\nXm tkhn-¡p¶p

hmepÅ l\p-am³ {iocm-as\ ]sæ-¶-t]mse.62 \mem-as¯ hcn-bn cæm-

as¯ A£-c- n "e'bpÅ hm¡v At\z-jn v Iã-s¸«p F¶v ASn-¡p-dp- pw \ÂIp-

¶p. Cu h -\-tÇmIw Xs¶ ]cn-lmk kz`mhw hyI-X-am-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. Infn-sb-s¡mæv

IY ]d-bn-¡p¶ ]g-©³ coXnsb Ifn-bm-¡pIbpw ]ucm-Wn-I-X-bpsS ]n³_-e-ap-

sæ-¦n FÃmw \¶v F¶ Nn´m-K-Xnsb hnaÀin-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶ asämcp Infn- m-

«mWv \me- m-Ssâ ]pI-bne amlm-ßyw. alm-Im-hy-§-fn-ep-æmb KXm-\p-K-Xn-I-Xzs¯

]cn-l-kn- p-sIm-sæ-gp-Xn-b-XmWv InS-§qÀ IrjvW-hm-cn-b-cpsS tImXm-tI-fw. mh-\m-

iq\y§-fmb hÀ®-\-Isf hmcn-bÀ ]cn-lm-k-hn-j-b-am-¡p-¶p.

"Ipdp-¡³ Xe-Ip-¼n«p Ip¼-kmcw XpS-§th

IÅp-jm- nsâ apä¯v þ Nnc-«-IÄ \nc-¡th'' 63 F¶p XpS-§p¶ kÔym-

hÀ®\ ]cn-lm-k-ssi-en-¡p-Zm-l-c-W-am-Wv. aÀ½-a-dnªv ]cn-lkn¡phm-\pÅ hmcy-

cpsS Ignhv a\-Ên-em-¡nb Sn. Fw. Np½mÀ lmk-km-ln-Xy- nse A`n-\-h-tXm-e³

F¶v At±-ls¯ hnti-jn- n-¡p¶p.64

kmlnXy ]©m-\\³ ]n. sI. \mcm-b-W-]n-Å-bpsS t`IKm-Ybpw s{]m^. ]n.

i¦-c³ \¼ym-cpsS "{]]p-jvWm-Nm-cy-cpsS A`n-\h\ncq-]-Wm-ZÀiw' F¶o IrXn-I-Ä

C¡q-«- n HmÀ¡m-hp-¶-Xm-Wv. Bi-btam mh-\tbm CÃmsX mjm-hr- - nÂ

Imhy-c-N\ \S- n-bn-cp¶ ka-Im-en-I-sc-bmWv t`I-Km-Y-bn ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶-Xv. Xh-

88

fsb ]nSn¨ ]pf-hs\ XÃn-s¡m-Ãm³ Bfp-Isf £Wn-¡p-¶-XmWv CXnse {]ta-bw.

"At¿m hcp-hn³ hcp-hn-s\-Ãm-hcpw

ssIt¿msS IÃpw XSn-bp-ambn

`mcX amXmth \n·-I-fmIp¶

hoc-{]-kp-hmb tIc-tfmÀhn

Nmcn{Ximen\n X¶psS Xqs\än þþþ

¯mcn-\n-W-§nb s]m«p-t]mse' 65 F¶p XpS-§p¶ hÀ®\ ae-bmf Imhy-cw-

Ks¯ Zpjv{]-h-W-X-Isf IW-¡n\v Ifn-bm-¡p-¶p.

hnaÀi-\- nsâ ASn-Øm-\-[À½w hnkva-cn¨v ]£w ]nSn¨pw kmcw{Kln-¡m-

sXbpw \S- n-bn-cp¶ \ncq-]-W-§Ä¡p-t\-sc-bpÅ ià-amb ]cn-lm-k-amWv i¦-

c³\¼ymÀ \S- p-¶-Xv. A¡m-e v \ne-\n-¶n-cp¶ hnaÀi\coXnsb ]¯mbn Xncn-

¡p-I-bpw, Ahbv¡v e£-W-§Ä \nÀÆ-Nn-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.

"apd-bvt¡mtXmw ]pdw-t\m-¡n-þ-am\w t\m¡n-bp-a-Æn[w

sIm¯n-s -dp-¡nbpw ]ns¶-þ-]-I-t]m-¡n-b-\- cw

ISw-t]m-¡n-bn-Sw-t]m-¡n-þ-C-S-bv¡n«p sRcp-¡nbpw

FSp- p-s]m-¡n, BÄ t\m¡n-þ-X-s¶- m³ s]m¡n-bn-§s\

"\osb³ ]rjvSw sNmdn-ªo-SnÂ-þ-Rm³ \n³ ]rãw sNmdn-ªnSmw

C½«p X½n Xm§p-t¼mÄ-þ-I-Sw-t]m¡oXnco-Xnbmw 66

ae-bmf t\mh kmln-Xy- n\v ià-amb ASn- d krãn- -h-cmWv N´p-ta-

t\m-\pw, kn. hn. cma³]n-Åbpw BZys¯ e£-W-sam¯ t\mh-emb C p-te-Jbv¡v

Gsd {]Nmcw e`n- p. t\mh kmln-Xy- nepw A\p-I-c-W-§-fpsS Ime-amWv ]ns¶.

t\mh {]Øm-\- nsâ A]-N-b- n\v AdpXn hcp- pI F¶ e£y-t¯msS Ing-

89

t¡- m«p cma³Ip«n tat\m³ Fgp-Xnb ‘]d-t§mSn ]cn-W-b’-amWv ae-bm-f- nse

BZys¯ ]cn-lmkt\mhÂ. hnZym-hn-t\m-Zn-\n-bn th§-bn Ipªn-cm-a³ \mb\mÀ

Fgp-Xnb "BJym-bnI AsÃ-¦n t\mhÂ' F¶ teJ-\- n C p-te-Jm-\p-I-c-W-

§-fpsS sI«p-d- n-Ãm-bvasb AXn-i-tbmàn IeÀ¯n ]cn-l-kn- -Xm-Wv AXnsâ cN-

\bv¡v B[m-cw. ta¡p-f-§c amcm¯p N§-am-cm-cpsS aIÄ ]d-t§m-Sn, acp-a-I³

]d-t§m-S³ F¶n-h-cpsS IY-bmWv Cu t\mh-ense CXn-hr- w. C p-te-J-bnse

kqcn\¼q-Xn-cn- m-Sn-s\-t¸mse CXn Xma-c-tÈcn ]§-i-ta-t\m-\mWv \mbn-Isb

kw_Ôw sN¿m³ F¯p-¶-Xv. "ao\m£n' t]mepÅ C p-te-Jm-\p-I-c-W-§-fpsS

Bhn-jvImcw XS-b-W-sa¶ Dt±-i-t¯m-Sp-IqSn Fgp-Xnb lmky-c-k-{]-[m-\-amb t\mh-

em-Wn-sX¶v DÅqcpw 67. C p-te-J-bpsS A\p-I-c-W-§-sf-bmWv ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶-sX¶v

Sn. Fw. Np½mdpw 68 A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp-¶p. F¶mÂ- CXv C p-teJ F¶ t\mh-en-s\-

¯s¶ ]cn-l-kn-¡p-¶-Xm-sW¶v tUm. tPmÀÖv Ccp-¼bw A`n-{]m-b-s -Sp-¶p.69 ]d-

t§mSn ]cn-W-b- n ]¯m-a-²ym-b- n\v Hcp kw`m-jWw AYhm 18-þmw A²ymbw

F¶v t]cn-«n-cn-¡p-¶p. Cw¥ojv hnZym- ym-k-s - -än C p-te-J-bnse Bi-b-§Ä¡v

FXn-cmb \nco-£-W-amWv Cu t\mh-enÂ.

ae-bmf kmln-Xy- nse hnhn[ {]Øm-\-§-fpsS A]-N-b- n-s\-Xnsc Dæm-

bn-«pÅ ]cn-lm-k-Ir-Xn-I-fmWv CXphsc ]cm-aÀin- -Xv. ]m«v, aWn-{]-hmfw F¶o

ssIh-gn-I-fn-eqsS hfÀ¶p-h¶ ae-bmf kmln-Xy- n Gsd P\-{]oXn t\Snb IrXn-

I-sfÃmw lmky k¼p-ã-§-fm-Wv. aWn-{]-hmf IrXn-I-fn irwKm-c- n\pw lmky-

¯n-\p-amWv {]m[m-\yw. ]m«p Imhy-§-fn àn, hoc ck-§Ä¡v {]mapJyw \ÂIn-

bn-cn-¡p-¶p. 14, 15 \qäm-æp-I-fn tIc-f- n-ep-æmb kmwkvIm-cnI PoÀ®-X-bnÂ\n¶v

Ic-I-b-äp-¶-Xn\v àn-tbbpw ]cn-lm-k-s¯bpw cæp amÀ¤-§-fmbn kzoI-cn- p. lmky

90

]£- p-\n¶v Nn´n-¡p-t¼mÄ aWn-{]-hmf IrXn-I-fn BZyw IS-¶p-h-cnI Nt{ m-

Õ-h-am-Wv. kap-Zm-b- nse {]_e hn`m-K- nsâ km·mÀ¤nI ssiYneyw Iæv kln-

¡m-\m-hmsX [À½-tcmjt{]cn-X-\mbn cq£]cn-lmkN½«n Npg-än-b-h-\mWv Nt{ m-

Õ-h-Im-c-s\¶v s{]m^. F³. IrjvW-]nÅ ]d-bp-¶p. Cu IrXn aWn-{]-hmf Ihn-

IÄ¡pw Ahsc t]män hfÀ¯n-bn-cp¶ P·n-amÀ¡pw {]`p-¡Ä¡pw D]-t`mK km[-

\-§-fnÂsh¨v AhÀ Gähpw hne Iev]n- n-cp¶ KWn-I-amÀ¡pw Np« ASn-tb-äm-

epÅ \oä Dæm-¡n-bn-cn-¡-W-sa-¶mWv At±-l- nsâ ]£w. 70 taZ\osh®n-emhv

F¶ \mbn-I-bpsS Dev]- n-bpw, im]-tam-£- n-\mbn AhÀ \S- p¶ Nt{ m-Õ-h-

¯nsâ hÀ®-\-bp-amWv Imhy- nse CXn-hr- w. hmc-\mcn tkhbv¡v {]i-kvXÀ

apX Ip«n- -c-¡mÀ hsc Al-a-l-an-I-bm-hn-UvVn-thjw sI«n Fgp-¶-ůp hÀ®n-

¡p¶ Nt{ m -Õhw A¶s¯ km·mÀ¤nIm[x]-X -\s¯ `qX-¡-

®mSnbneqsSsbt¶mWw hep-Xm¡n ImWn-¡p-¶-Xmbn Cfw-Ipfw ]d-bp-¶p. 71

A¨oN-cn-X-§Ä F¶-dn-b-s -Sp¶ aq¶v {]mNo\ N¼p-¡fpw kmaq-lnI hnaÀi\w

e£y-am-¡p-¶-h-bm-Wv. thiym- -h-\-§Ä kzÀ¤-ambn ImWp¶ BVy-·mÀ¡pw aäp

{]am-Wn-IÄ¡pw t\sc ]mªp-t]m-Ip¶ lmky- nsâ Iqc-¼p-IÄ aq¶v N¼p-¡-fn-

ep-ap-æv. D®n-b- n, D®n-bm-Sn, D®n- n-cp-tXhn Ncn-X-§-fpsS CXn-hr¯w t]mepw ]cn-

lmktZymXI-am-Wv. D®n- ncptXhn-bn-epÅ {`aw-aqew Xncp-ap¡m-gvN-I-fp-ambn Ah-

fpsS sIm«m-c-hm-Xp-¡Â ap«p-]m-Sp-In-S¶ hnS-{]- p-¡-·msc N¼q-Im-c³ ]cn-l-kn-¡p-

¶Xv {i²n-¡p-I.

"CÃ- p-Å-Xp-ap-ssS-b-Xp-sa-Ãmþ

adp-]p-ssd-bm-¡n-sbm-c-Sn-bpssd sI«nþ

¨hn-ssS- -§ssf-b-dn- m-s\þ

91

ân°-ap-ssg¨p `Ko-cY hrXym

\nXyw sNâ v' C§s\ XpS-cp¶p B hÀ®-\.72

\¼ym-·mÀ¡pw aäpw ]mTIw ]d-bp-¶-Xn\mbn Fgp-Xn-bpæm¡nb-h-bmWv a[y-

Ime N¼p-¡Ä. ]pcmW IY-I-fmWv an¡ N¼p-¡Ä¡pw CXn-hr- w. IY-\-S-¡p¶

]pcmW Øe-§fpw A -co-£-§fpw hn«v N¼q-Im-c-·mÀ tIc-fob kap-ZmbcwK-t¯¡v

Cd-§n-h-cp-¶p. kzbwhtcm-Õh thf-I-fpsS hÀ®-\-I-fn-emWv s]mXpsh lmkyw

DÄs¡m-Ån- n-«p-Å-Xv. kzbwhtcm-Õ-h- nsâ X¿m-sd-Sp- p-I-fnepw AXn-\n-S-bn-ep-æm-

Ip¶ Ii-]n-i-Ifpw h[p-hns\ Iæv {`an-¡p¶ cmPm-¡-·m-cpsS \ncm-im-]m-c-h-iy-

§fpw Dugw Im¯n-cn-¡p-¶-h-cpsS BImw-£bpw aäpw N¼p-Im-c-·mÀ kc-k-ambn

hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. Za-b- n-bpsS hnhmlw {]am-Wn¨v hnZÀ`cmP-[m-\n-bn h¶p-tNÀ¶n-

«pÅ \m\m-X-c- n-epÅ Bfp-I-fpsS sNbvXn-Isf ag-aw-Kew en-X-]qÀ®-ambn Ah-

X-cn- n-¡p-¶p. \¼q-Xncn kap-Zm-b- nsâ X·-b-Xz-]qÀ®-ambn Nn{Xw-Xs¶ AXnÂ\n¶p

In«pw. kzbwh-c- n-s\- nb {_mÒ-W-cpsS kw`m-j-W- nÂ\n¶v Hcp mKw.

"\mep-th-«o-Sn-t\³ \men-epw-IqSn

bnt¶mÀ¯p-Im-Wpw-hn-[u-þ-]¯p s]®p-§þ

fpæp-®n-bn-sÃm-¶pta cæ§I¯p Xncæn

cn¡p-¶Xpw cæ-Xn-\m-sbm-cp-s¼-«n-cn-¡p-¶Xpw km{¼Xw' 73

\¼q-Xn-cn-am-cpsS Ip -gnª IpSpw-_-Po-hn-X-hpw, £-Wm-À¯n-bp-saÃmw ià-

amb ]cn-lm-k- n\v hnt[-b-am-¡p-¶p-æv. {]mNo\ a[y-Ime N¼p-¡Ä X½n Ht«sd

sshhn-[y-§Ä Dsæ-¦nepw ka-Ime kmaq-lnIhnaÀi\Imcy- n cæp N¼p-¡fpw

kam-\X ]peÀ¯p-¶p. Ip©³ \¼ym-cpsS ]cn-lmk {]tbm-K- nsâ ]qÀÆ amXr-I-

IÄ N¼q-Im-hy-§-fn Isæ- mw. mcy-bpsS Zmk-\mbn Ign-bp¶ Hcp À¯m-hnsâ

92

Nn{Xw.

"]pSh hSnhp t]mcm-ªn«p tIm]n¨p ImNnÂ

QSnXn caW hIvt{X-sImæp t]msI-s¶-dn-ªmÄ

XSn-b-\-Xp-sa-Sp¯pw sImæp Xmt\ \ncq-]nþ

¨hnsS \ne-sbm-Sn¡pw tIm¸q-I-æm hnt\mZw''74. ae-bmf lmky ]mc-¼-cy-

¯nsâ X\na N¼q-Im-hy-§-fn ZÀin¡mw.

^enX {]tbm-K- n N¼q-Im-c-·m-sc-¡mÄ H«pw Xmsg-b-Ãm¯ Øm\-amWv

sNdp-tÈ-cn-¡p-Å-Xv. \¼q-Xncnkl-P-amb ckn-IXzw IrjvW-Km-Y-bn \ndªp \n¡p-

¶-Xp-Im-Wmw. ]Z-]-c-ambpw `mh-]-c-ambpw DÅ lmkyw k Àt`m-Nn-X-ambpw AÃm-

sXbpw tImcn-sNm-cn-bp¶ IrjvW-KmY lmky{]m[m\yw sImæv aäv IrjvW Imhy-

§-fn \n¶v thdn«v \n¡p-¶p. a\pjyNm]-ey-§-tfbpw PohnXsshcp-²y-§-tfbpw

AXn-i-tbmàn IeÀ¯n hÀ®n-¡p-¶p. IrjvW-Km-Y-bnse lmky- n-te-sdbpw {Uam-

änIv sFd-Wn-b-sW¶v tUm. Sn mkvI-c³ ]d-bp¶p75 ]Z-§-fp-sS \m\mÀ°w, [z\ym-

ß-I-X, k À`¯nsâ sshNn{Xyw F¶nh Hs¡ sFd-Wn-¡pthæn sNdp-tÈcn D]-

tbm-K-s -Sp- p-¶p.

Hcm-fpsS Adnhpw asäm-cm-fpsS Adn-hn-Ãm-bva-bp-amWv {][m-\-ambpw {Uam-änIv

sFdWn¡m-kv]-Zw, Adn-hn-Ãm¯ BÄ Hcp hmIyw HcÀ°- nepw Adn-hpÅ BÄ

AtX hmIyw thsdm-cÀ°- nepw [cn-¡p¶p. IYmk À`w sImæpÅ sFdnWn

Gähpw A[nIw ku -{ZnIIY-bn-em-Wv. kp -{Zsb Zptcym-[-\\v hnhmlw Ign¨p sImSp-

¡m³ _e-cm-a\pw aäpw \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶p. Ahsf hnhmlw Ign-¡m³ B{K-ln¨ AÀÖp-

\-t\mSv B{K-l-km-[y- n\v k\ym-kn-thjw sI«m³ {ioIr-jvW³ \nÀt±-in-¡p-

¶p.Cu ]qÀÆ- mKw a\-Ên h¨p-sImæv IrjvW³ ]d-bp¶ hm¡p-IÄ ]cn-tim-[n-

¨m F{X ss\]p-Wn-tbm-sS-bmWv sNdp-tÈcn lmkyw {]tbm-Kn- n-cn-¡p-¶-sX¶v

93

t_m[y-amIpw. kp`{Z k\ym-kn-thjw sI«nb AÀÖp-\s\ ]cn-N-cn-¡p¶ cwKw

sNdp-tÈ-cn-bpsS \À½ ]mS-h- n\v D¯a DZm-l-c-W-am-Wv.

Nmse-s¯m-en- pÅ hmg- -g-§fpw

Nm«n-¡-fªnXp NmN-Ãy- mÂ

As¯men Xs¶ hnf-¼n-\n-¶o-Sn-\mÄ

Nn¯w-a-b-§n-\m-se¶p Rmbw

]{X- n-em-bp-tÅm-c-s¯m-en-X-s¶- m³

Nn -agnªh-\m-kz-Zn- m 76

At\ym\y t{]a- m aXn-a-d-¶n-cn-¡p¶ kp -{ZmÀÖ-p\·msc \À½a[p-c-ambn

Bhn-jvI-cn- n-cn-¡p-¶p.

cpIvanWoImap-I-·m-cmbn kzbw-h-c- n-s\- p¶ cmPm-¡m-·mÀ B ku cy

[ma-¯n aXn-a-d¶p Im«n-¡q-«p¶ hrIr-Xn-¯-c-§Ä sNdp-tÈ-cn-bpsS \À½m-hn-

jvImcNmXp-cn hnfn- -dn-bn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv. ]pSh sRmdn-ªXp `wKn-bm-ImsX hoæpw-

Agn¨pSp-¡p-t¼mÄ cpIvanWn h¶-Xn-\m DSp-¡m³ ad¶v ]æv ]nd-¶-t]mse Ahsf

t\m¡n \n¡p¶ a¶-h-\pw, IrjvW-t\m-SpÅ {]W-b- m-ep-gep-Ibpw tXmgn-am-

cn \n¶Xp ad- p-hbv-¡m³ ]mSp-s]-Sp-Ibpw sN¿p¶ cpIvan-Wnbpw A\p-hm-NIa\-

Ên ambmsX\ne-sImÅpw. tla- -hÀ®-\-bn Z -§sf sImæv Xmfw ]nSn- n«v

kÔysb h n-¡p¶ A -W-cpw, tKm]nImZpxJ- n `mh-\-X-¶mse ImÀh-®³

sabv tNÀ¯n-«m-thmfw ]pevIp¶ tKm]n-I-amcpw IrjvW-Km-Y-bn am{Xw ImWp¶

^enXNn{X-§-fm-Wv. lmky-ck{]I-S-\- n tIc-fo-bÀ¡v s]mXp-shbpw Ah-cnÂ

\¼q-Xn-cn-amÀ¡v {]tXy-I-ambpw ss\kÀ¤n-I-am-bp-Å- hm-k-\m-Xn-ibw IrjvW-Km-Y-

bn AXnsâ AXyp¨ tImSn {]m]n- n-cn-¡p-¶-Xmbn DÅqÀ ]d-bp¶p 77

94

aebmf- nse àn{]Øm-\- nsâ {]tbm-àm-hmb Fgp- -Ñsâ IrXn-I-fnepw

\À½- nsâ sshhn-²y-amÀ¶ Xe-§Ä ZÀin¡mw. Xsâ DÅn \À½-c-k-ap-WÀ¯nb

Imhyk À -§-fpsS XÀÖ-a-bn At±lw aqe-Ir-Xn-bn \n¶v hyXnNen-¡p-¶-Xmbpw

Isæ- mw. {ioa-lm- m-c-X- nsâ {]tW-Xm-hmb IrjvWssZz]mb-\sâ P·- n-\n-S-

bm-¡nb kXy-hXo]cm-i-c-kw-Kaw hnh-cn-¡p-¶Xv t\m¡pI.

F´n\p ]d-bp¶p shdptX ]e-hn[w

_Ô-tam-£-§-fpsS _Ôw Isæm-cp-ap\n

\tÃmcp XoÀ°- q-an-bm-Inb bap-\-bnÂ

FÃmcpw Ipfn- q¯p-k-Ôysb h n-¡p-t¼mÄ

aÕy-K-Ôn-\n-bmb ssIhÀ¯I\y-Isb

aÕy-tI-X-\-i-c-taäp ]pevIn-\m³ ap\n 78

CXn FÃm-hcpw Ipfn- q¯p kÔysb h n¡p-t¼mÄ F¶ kÔymIme

\nÀt±iw alm- m-c- n-ep-Å-XÃ. Fgp- -ѳ Xsâ AaÀjw ImWn- m³ Iq«n-t¨À -

XmW.v [À½m-[À½ hyhØ DÄs¡m-Åp-¶-XmWv kvarXn-IÄ. temIscsImæv BN-

cn-t¡æ [À½w A\p-k-cn- n-¡p-I-bpw, A\p-k-cn-¡m- -hsc in£n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿p-

¶-XmWv ]mc-¼cyw . euInI _Ô-sa¶pw tam£sa¶pw ]d-bp-¶-Xnsâ s]mcpÄ

Adnª alÀjn-am-cn-sem-cmÄ AXpewLn¡p¶p. kvarXn imk-\-§Ä¡p hg§n

Pohn-¡p-I-bmWv [À½sa¶p Icp-Xp¶ km[m-c-W-¡mÀ AXn apdpsI ]nSn-¡p¶p

. Cu sshcp²yw Iæv \oc-ktam shdpt¸m Ah-Útbm temIKXn sshNn{Xy

Nn´tbm DæmbXmbn Ihn ]d-bp-¶p. ‘F -n\p ]d-bp¶p shdpsX ]e-hn[w’ [À½-

t_m-[- n ASn-bp-d¨p \n¡p¶ Fgp- -Ñsâ [mÀ½nItcmj-am-Wv ChnsS {]I-

S-am-Ip-¶-Xv. AXn ]p©n-cnbpw s]m«n- n-cn-bp-anà Npæv Hcp hi-t¯bv¡v tIm«n-

95

bpÅ Hcp sNdp]pÑ- n-cn-bmWpÅsX¶v s{]m^:F³. IrjvW-]nÅ ]d-bp¶p 79 Cu

h{In¨ Nncn B[p-\nI ae-bmf IY-bnepw \ap¡v Isæ¯mw.

Fgp- -Ñsâ `mh-\m-hn-em-khpw DÅp-Xpd¶ Nncnbpw {]I-S-am-Ip¶ asämcp

cwKw

hmcW hoc³ Xe-b-äp-hn-Ãäp

hoc³ K-Z- ³ Xsâ Xebäp

\mem-a-Xm-\-X³ hmep-a-cn-ªn«p

tImem-l-e-t¯m-Sp-t]m-bnXp _mWhpw80

t{ZmW]ÀÆ- n B\- p-d- n-cp¶p bp²w sN¿p¶ K-Z- s\ e£y-am¡n

]mbp¶ AÀÖp\_mW- nsâ tImem-lew]qæ KXn-bpw thK-Xbpw Btcbpw

ckn- n-¡p¶XmWv. ]©meo kzbwhc-cw-K-amWv Fgp- -Ñsâ \À½-t_m[w {]IS-

am-Ip¶ asämcp k À`w. kzbwhc- n\p \nÝ-bn- n-«pÅ Btbm[\]co-£-bnÂ

]s¦-Sp v ]cm-P-b-s -Sp¶ cmPm-¡-·m-cpsS AhØ Fgp¯Ñ³ kc-k-ambn hÀ®n-

¡p-¶pæ v . `ojva-]ÀÆ-¯n \nXy-{_-Ò-Nm-cn -bmb `ojvaÀ ic-i-¿-bnÂ

‘apànbmw\mcn’hcp-¶Xpw ]mÀ¯p]mÀ¯Xy- ip²-\m-bvta-hp-¶Xp ]d-bp-t¼mÄ

[z\ym-ß-I-amb B lm-tkm-àn-bn {Iqc-]-cn-lm-k- nsâ t\À -ap\ sXfnªp

ImWmw. ejva-tWm-]-tZ-i- n Imem-ln\m ]cn-{K-kvXamw temIs¯ £-W- n-\-

t]-£n-¡p¶ ZÀ±p-c-t¯m-Sp-]-an- -Xnse sFd-Wnbpw Fgp- -Ñsâ kzI-ev]nX§fmWv.

`àn`mhm-hn-jvIm-c- n Fgp- -ѳ aXn-a-d¶p t]mIp-sa-¦nepw ae-bm-fn-bpsS kl-

P-amb \À½hmk\ Fgp- -ѳ IrXn-I-fnepw \ap¡v ZÀin¡mw

`mj-bnse k¦oÀ¯\{]Øm-\- n\p \msSm-«p¡p {]Nm-cap-æm¡n sImSp¯

]q´m-\- nsâ IrXn-IÄ Kl-\-§-fmb B²ym-ßnI X¯z-§sf \À½a[p-c-am-bn-

«mWv Ah-X-cn-¸n-¡p-¶X.v efnXa[p-c-ambn IptNe IY Ah-X-cn-¸n¨ cma]p-

96

c¯phmcycpw sXfn-ª-a- -lm-k-t¯m-sS-bmWv B h©n- m«v ]mSn-bX.v ae-bm-f- nse

\ntbm-¢m-knIv Ime-L-«s¯ k¼-¶-am-¡nb sh×Wn Ihn-X-I-fpsS apJykhn-ti-

jXIfn-sem¶v enXhmk-\-bmWv

Dc-bv¡Ww tIÄ¡n-etlm Nncn¨p

acn-¡Ww am\pjÀ am\yIoÀt¯ 81

F¶ qXn- q-j-N-cnXw Imhy- n-Â sh×Wn al³ {]Jym-]n-¡p-¶Xv sh×Wn

{]Øm-\- nsâ sImSn-b-S-bm-f-am-Wv. A`ojvSkn²n-¡p-th-æn Cuizc·mtc imkn-

¡m\pw Ifn-bm-¡m\pw oj-Wn-s -Sp- m³t]mepw Cu Ime-L-«- nse Ihn-IÄ X¿m-

dmbn

ap¶q-dp-sIm« aeÀ \Ã-hn-se-¶n-sXms¡

¯n¶qdp apÄ¡p-X-pI-am-¡p-S-h-UvVnbm«n

kvI sâ ]qÀÆP I\nªp InX¨p aæn

hs¶sâ ap¼n hne-ko-S-e-ko-sSm-em \o 82

tZho-tZ-h·msc C§s\ h{Io-I-cn- Xv HuNnXy Ipd-hp-sIm-æmsW¶ A`n-{]m-

bhpw Dæv 83

Npæ-§m- ´n aqSm-s¯mcp sNdp-h-k\w

sImætlm Xäp-Sp¯pw

sImtæm- n³ I¿p Im«n-¡p-S-h-bdp Xpfp

¼n¨p thÀ¯m-Ø-tbmtS 84

k©-cn-¡p¶ \¼q-Xn-cn-bpsS Nn{Xw sh×Wn Ihn-I-fpsS hÀ®\mNmXp-cy-

¯n\pw \Àt½mànssh`h¯n\pw D¯aZrjvSm-´-am-Wv. ioshm-Ån-bpsS

ZmXyplkt -ihpw Zpkv]Ài\mS-Ihpw FÃmw sh×Wn {]Øm-\- nsâ IqSn khn-

97

ti-j-X-IÄ {]I-S-am-¡p-¶-h-bmWv.

]{X-§fpw amkn-IIfpw Bcw- n- --tXmsS ae-bm-f- nse Ihn-IÄ¡v kwK-a-th-

Zn-I-tf-sd-bp-æmbn. Ihn-Isf {]iwkn-¡m\pw Bt£-]n-¡m\pw am[y-a-§Ä thZn-

bmbn . ae-bm-f- nse ka-Im-enI Ihn-Isf ]qhn-t\mtSm arK- n-t\mtSm kmZr-iy-

s -Sp¯n Imhy-c-N\ Dæm-bn.-cm-am-b-W- n-tebpw mc-X- n-tebpw IYm-]m-{X-§-tfmSpw

Xmc-X-ay-s -Sp- n. enXck{][m-\-amb C¯cw Ihn-X-I-fn hyàn-K-X-amb ]£-

]mXhpw hntZz-jhpw IS¶ph¶p. Ihn-Isf ]g-§-fmbn hÀ®n¨p sImæmWv CXn\v

XpS¡w. Im¯p-Ån ANypXtat\m³ Ihn]pjv]-ame Fgp-Xn. At±lw ]mbv¡m«p

\¼q-Xn-cnsb hntijn¸n-¡p-¶Xv t\m¡pI

“]mbv¡m-S³ ]«n-\-¡n-¡ran ]pgp-I-f-cnþ

¨o¨bmÀ¡p¶ Iæmþ

tem¡m-\n- o-Sp-sa- n¡p-gn-b-Xn hfcpw

Imh-f- q-h-Xt{X”

CtX t]cn Xs¶ sh·Wn al³ \¼q-Xncn Fgp-Xnb Ihn-X-bn ANyp-X-ta-

t\ms\ tIc-tfmÂ]-¶- m-jm-h³Im«n k©cn-¡p¶ Ipdp-\-cn-bmbn Bt£-]n-¡p¶p.

Ipªn-¡p-«³X¼p-cmsâ Ihn- m-c-Xhpw, aqeqÀ Fkv. ]ß-\m- - -Wn-¡-cpsS Ihn-cm-

amb-W-hpw, HSp-hn Ipªn-¡rjvWtat\msâ Ihn-ar-Km-h-enbpw tImbn- Ån ]c-ta-

izc¡pdp- nsâ Ihn-]-£n-am-ebpw C{]-Im-c-apÅ lmkyIh-\-§-fmWv . ]cn-lmkw

]e-t¸mgpw hnaÀi-\- n\v hgn-am-dp¶p F¶-XmWv Cu IrXn-I-fpsS \yq\-X.

ae-bm-fn-bpsS X\Xp hmk-\bmb þ \mtSmSn Iem-]m-c-¼-cy- n \ndªp\n¶

þ lmkym-h-t_m[w NmIymcn-eqsS hfÀ¶v k¼-¶-am-b-XmWv ae-bmf lmk-km-ln-

Xyw. ]mÝmXy`mjm-kzm-[o\w sImæv hfÀ¶ B[p-\nI KZy-km-ln-Xy-¯nse

98

lmkys¯ Cu ]Ým- -e- n thWw hne-bn-cp-t -æ-Xv.

ae-bmf KZy- n lmky-km-lnXyw Hcp {]Øm-\- nsâ Kuchw ssIh-cn-

¡p-¶Xv C.-hn.-bp-sSbpw kRvP-b-sâbpw Ime- m-Wv. Xsâ ]cn-lm-k- nsâ Dt±-i

ip²n-sb- än kRvP-b³ C{]-Imcw ]d-ªn«pæv.

“]cn-lm-kmÀ®hw Nncn- p-sIm-æp-X³

Xcn-a-W-em¡pa\o-Xn- m-dsb”

-Nn-cn-bpsS ]q¡-fpw, iIm-c-¯nsâ apÅp-Ifpw D]-tbm-Kn¨v A\o-Xn-Isf

X¨pS¡pIbmbn-cp-¶p kRvP-b-lm-ky- nsâ ZuXyw. CXp Xs¶-bmWv ae-bmf lmky-

¯nsâ ASn-Øm\ kz`m-hw.

ae-bm-f- nsâ lmky-]m-c-¼cyw F´m-sW¶ At\z-j-W-amWv Cu `mK¯v

\S- n-b-Xv. ae-bmfnbpsS kl-P--hm-k-\-I-fn H¶mWv \À½-]m-S-hw. F´n-t\bpw

t\cnb ]cn-lm-k-t¯msS ho£n¨ ae-bm-fn, kaq-l-\-·sb BWv AXn\v ASn-Øm\

e£y-am-¡n-bX.v ]g-s©m-Ãp-Ifnepw IS-¦-Y-Ifnepw am{X-aà A\p-jvTm\þ A\p-

jvTmt\Xc Iem-cq-]-§-fn t]mepw ka-Ime kmaq-lnIhnj-b-§Ä ]cn-lm-khnjb-

am-Ip-¶Xv CXnsâ mK-am-Wv. ae-bm-f- n\v k¼-¶-amb lmky-km-ln-Xy-N-cn-{X-apæv.

kmlnXy{]Øm-\-§fnse KXm-\p-K-Xn-IXzw CÃm-XmbXv ]cn-lmkIh-\-§-fn-eq-sS-

bm-Wv. Cu ]Ým- -e- n IY-bpsS Ncn{Xw ]cn-tim-[n-¡p-I-bmWv ASp¯ mK v

. sNdp-IY \qX\ kmln-Xy-cq-]-am-sW-¦nepw a\p-jy³`mj D]-tbm-Kn-¡m³ XpS-§nb

Imew -ap-XÂ IY-IÄ Dæm-bn-«p-æv.

99

ASn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄASn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄASn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄASn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄASn-¡p-dn-¸p-IÄ

1. F. BÀ. cmP-cmP hÀ½,- tI-cf ]mWn-\obw ]oTn-I.

2. tUm. sI. Fw. tPmÀPv FUn. kmlnXyNcn{Xw {]Øm-\-§-fn-eq-sS. ]pdw 52

3. tI-kcn _me-Ir-jvW-]n-Å, tIk-cn-bpsS kmlnXy hnaÀi-\-§Ä

4. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmkykmlnXy Ncn{Xw 1966, ]pdw 10

5. s{]m. ]n. kn. IÀ¯m, ]g-s©m {]]-©w. Un. kn. _p¡vkv 2001 ]pdw 9

6. Fw. eoem-h-Xn, ae-bmf IhnXmkmlnXyNcn-{Xw, kmln-Xy-A-¡m-Zan 1991, ]pdw 30.

7. tUm. sI. Fw. tPmÀPv FUn. kmlnXy Ncn{Xw {]Øm-\-§-fn-eqsS 2000 ]pdw 75

8. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmkykmlnXy Ncn{Xw 1966 ]pdw 64

9. tKm-hn- ³Ip«n Xma-äm«v \mtSm-Sn- m-«p-IÄ 1960 ]pdw 111

10. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmkykmlnXy Ncn{Xw 1966 ]pdw 66

11. hn. D®n-Ir-jvW³ \mbÀ (FUn.) lmky {]Imiw: amXr- qan 1958 ]pdw 309

12. lmky {]Imiw ]pdw 306-þ307

13. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmkykmlnXy Ncn{Xw ]pdw 73

14. D-ÅqÀ tIcf kmlnXy Ncn{Xw e¡w 1. ]pdw 503

15. sIm-«m-c- n i¦p®n sFXnlyame Idâ v _p¡v tIm«bw 2001 ]pdw 451

16. hn. D®n-IrjvW³ (F-Un). lmky-{]-Imiw: amXr- qan 1558 ]pdw 311.

17. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmky kmlnXy Ncn{Xw ]pdw 101.

18. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 101.

19. Im-«p-amSw \mcm-b-W³: ae-bmf \mSI {]Øm\w; tIcf kmlnXy A¡m-Zan

1990 ]pdw 17.

20. sI. ]n. \mcm-bW ]njm-cSn NmIym-·m-cpsS lmky-Ie: lmky {]Imiw:

]pdw 257.

21. Pn. `mÀ¤-h³ ]nÅ: ]T\w: Im¡m-cnÈn \mSIw: 1999. ]pdw 30

22. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 34

23. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 37.

24. D-ÅqÀ: tIcf kmlnXy Ncn{Xw, `mKw1 , 1990. ]pdw 206.

100

25. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 209

26. A- ³ X¼p-cm³, kwL-¡-fn.

27. D-ÅqÀ: tIcf kmlnXy Ncn-{Xw.... ]pdw 215

28. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmky kmlnXy Ncn{Xw 1966 ]pdw 10.

29. I-S-½-\n« hmkp-tZ-h³ ]nÅ: ]tS\n 1993. ]pdw 127.

30. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 150

31. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, ae-bmf lmky-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw 1966 ]pdw 136

32. Imfo-\m-SIw: tIcf kÀÆ-I-e-mime 1960 ]pdw 38.

33. sI. ]n. \mcm-bW ]njm-tcmSn: Iem-temIw 1960. ]pdw 36-þ37

34. sI. Sn. cma-hÀ½ iIm-chpw ]cn-lm-khpw amXr- qan HmW- -Xn v 1987 ]pdw 197.

35. amWn am[-h-Nm-IymÀ... \mSy Iev]-{Zpaw tIcf Iem aWvUew 1975 ]pdw 56, 57.

36. F³. IrjvW-]nÅ; ssIc-fn-bpsS IY 1982 ]pdw 38.

37. amWn am[-h-Nm-IymÀ \mSy-Iev] {Zpaw. tIcf Iem-a-WvUew 1975 ]pdw 54.

38. s{]m- . Abva\w IrjvW-ssI-aÄ, B«-¡Ym-km-lnXyw tIcf `mjm C³Ìn-

Ìyq«v 1998 ]pdw 30.

39. hn. BÀ IrjvW-N-{ ³: ]pcp-jmÀ°¡q¯v 1978 ]pdw 188

40. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 188.

41. ]n. sI. inh-i-¦-c-]nÅ Ip©³ \¼ym-cpsS XpÅÂ IY-IÄ tLmj-bm{X

kmlnXy A¡m-Zan 1970. ]pdw 81.

42. sI. ]n. \mcm-bW ]njm-cSn: Iem-temIw awK-tfm-Zbw 1960 ]pdw 96.

43. tI-c-f-hÀ½ A½m-a³ X¼p-cm³, Iq¯pw IqSn-bm-«hpw awK-tfm-Zbw 1114 ]pdw

135.

44. G-hqÀ ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]T\w: Ip©³ \¼ym-cpsS 36 XpÅ-ep-IÄ Un. kn. _p¡vkv

2001 ]pdw 22

45. ]n. sI. inh-i-¦-c- n-Å. Ip©³ \¼ym-cpsS XÅÂ IY-IÄ kmlnXy A¡m-

Zan 70 ]pdw 12.

101

46. tUm. hn. Fkv. iÀ½ Ip©³ \¼ymcpw At±-l- nsâ IrXn-Ifpw 1982 ]pdw

299.

47. ]n. sI. inh-i-¦-c- n-Å: Ip©³ \¼ym-cpsS XpÅÂ IrXn-I-Ä ]pdw 117-þ118

48. tUm. hn. Fkv. iÀ½ Ip©³ \¼ymcpw At±-l- nsâ IrXn-Ifpw ]pdw 294

49. ]-ß\ cma-N-{ ³ \mbÀ, \f-N-cnXw ssIcfo hymJym\w Idâ v _p¡vkv 2001

]pdw 159

50. G.-BÀ. cmP-cm-P-hÀ½ (hym-Jym-\w) \-f-N-cn-Xw cæmw Znhkw ]pdw 45.

51. ]n. `mkvI-c-\p-®n 19-þmw \qäm-ænse tIcfw 1989. ]pdw 196

52. tUm. tPmÀÖv Ccp¼-bw. ae-bmf t\mh 19-þmw \qäm-æn ]pdw 196.

53. D-ÅqÀ: tIcf kmlnXy Ncn{Xw. hmfyw 1 ]pdw 157.

54. tUm. sI. Fw. tPmÀÖv-þ-FUn. kmlnXy Ncn{Xw {]Øm-\§fn-eqsS 2000 ]pdw 195.

55. s{]m- . kn. BÀ. tIc-f-hÀ½ "Nncn' tXmesâ \mS³ Nncn 1957 ]pdw 89.

56. Ip-«n-IrjvW amcmÀ: lmkykmlnXyw. ]pdw 55

57. Sn.Fw. Np½mÀ ]Zy-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw ]pdw 393

58. Im-«p-amSw \mcm-b-W³: ae-bmf \mSI {]Øm\w: A¡m-Zan ]pdw 89

59. kn. sP. tXma-kv. Db-cp¶ bh-\nI ]pdw 28

60. tUm. sI. Fw. tPmÀÖv FUn. kmln-Xy-N-cn{Xw {]Øm-\-§-fn-eqsS tIm«bw

2000 ]pdw 522

61. ]c-ta-iz-c³ ]nÅ sa-s¡mÃ, lmky-ZÀi-\w.. ]pdw 365

62. ap³jn cma-¡p-dp¸v: N¡o-N-¦cw A\p-_Ôw ]pdw 16

63. Sn. Fw. Np½mÀ: ]Zy-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw. F³. _n. F-kv. 1968 ]pdw 395

64. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 369.

65. ]n. sI. ]c-ta-iz-c³ \mbÀ: kmlnXy ]©m-\-\³ ]pdw 345

66. Sn. Fw. Np½mÀ-þ-]-Zy-km-lnXy Ncn-{Xw. F³. _n. Fkv. 1968 ]pdw 397

67. D-ÅqÀ: tIcf kmlnXy Ncn{Xw e¡w 5. ]pdw 304

68. Sn. Fw. Np½mÀ KZy-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw.

102

69. tUm. tPmÀÖv Ccp-¼-bw. ae-bmf t\mh 19-þmw \qäm-ænÂ. ]pdw 190

70. s{]m- . F³. IrjvW-]nÅ: ssIc-fn-bpsS IY. 1982. ]pdw 85

71. C-fw-Ipfw Ipª³]nÅ: kmlnXy Ncn{X kw{Klw ]pdw 57

72. D-®n- n-cp-tXhn NcnXw: hymJym\w s{]m^. Abva\w IrjvW-ssI-aÄ F³. _n.

Fkv. 84 þ ]pdw 37.

73. `mjm ss\j[w N¼p: ag-aw-Kew: hymJym. Sn. ]n. _me-Ir-jvW³ \mbÀ, 1985

]pdw 132.

74. AXn Xs¶. ]pdw 120.

75. tUm. Sn.- m-kvI-c³ IrjvW-KmYm ]T-\-§Ä ]pdw 85

76. Ir-jvW-KmY ku -{Zn-I-IY

77. D-ÅqÀ.-Fkv. ]c-ta-iz-c-¿À, tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw cæmw mKw ]pdw 157

78. Fgp- -ѳ, alm- m-cXw kw`h ]ÀÆw 1985 ]pdw 141

79. s{]m^:F³ IrjvW-]n-Å, ssIc-fn-bp-sS-IY 1982 ]pdw 171

80. Fgp- -ѳ : {ioa-lm- m-cXw : t{ZmW-]ÀÆw 1985 ]pdw 486

81. D-ÅqÀ tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw \memw `mKw ]pdw 340

82. io-sh-mÅn-\m-cm-b-W³ FUn. sh×Wn-Ir-Xn-IÄ ]pdw 344

83 tUm..sI.-F³. Fgp- -ѳ : sXc-ª-Sp¯ {]_-Ô-§Ä ]pdw 442

84. D-ÅqÀ tIc-f-km-lnXy Ncn{Xw \memw mKw ]pdw 340

`mKw aq¶v`mKw aq¶v`mKw aq¶v`mKw aq¶v`mKw aq¶v ::::: sNdp-I-Ybpw lmkyhpwsNdp-I-Ybpw lmkyhpwsNdp-I-Ybpw lmkyhpwsNdp-I-Ybpw lmkyhpwsNdp-I-Ybpw lmkyhpw ................................................................................................................................................................................................... 103-149

IY-bpsS Dev]- n. .......................................................................... 103

`mc-Xob]mc-¼cyw ............................................................................ 105

tIc-fob]mc-¼cyw ........................................................................... 108

sNdp-I-Y-bpsS ]qÀÆ-cq-]-§Ä ..................................................... 109

sNdp-IY :]{X{]hÀ -\- nsâ k´Xn..............................111

sNdp-IY :\nÀÆ-N\w ....................................................................... 113

sNdp-IY : inev]-L-S\.................................................................. 116

(a) kwL-«\w ........................................................................ 117

(b) IYm-]m-{X-§Ä.............................................................. 117

(c) {]tabw ............................................................................. 118

(d) hnImcw ............................................................................. 119

BJym-\-co-Xn-IÄ .............................................................................. 120

KZy-km-ln-Xy- nsâ hfÀ¨......................................................... 122

ae-bm-f- nse B-Zy-Ime IY-IÄ ........................................... 123

lmky-]m-c-¼cyw:BZy-Ime IY-I-fnÂ................................... 127

sNdp-I-Y-bpsS \thm-°m\w:

I®o-cn IpXnÀ¶ lmkyw ........................................... 133

B[p-\n-I- sN-dp-IY:

hncp-t²m-ànbpw Idp-¯-^-en-Xhpw ............................. 136

D¯-cm-[p-\n-I-IY: lmkym\pIcWw ...................................... 140

ssk_ÀI-Y-I-fnse lmkyw ...................................................... 143