Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Baob a1)1)_., t. the stUdY o~ aa'taft :Jat • .,..
t1oi\ pUt. it. , •• "eot _ttel" ' .... theo.,.t1oal atfQlaht. ' . .
:4IlCktt .• ~.he 81t\a~ion on tMitUld nee4 at be 8. ~etlta112e4 as woh catoaortaat1olla 'lead the .. cla~
to bal1Gv • ., . WhU* ~ •• ,,1'-101 all1taJ7 OlpllUltiea
cannot ;-. .~ the le~tia.y ,." .•• t.- .Jtt_~tbft.~. ''; . ", .
ita, JW)11ttt)tl :la,ltc t08etbet'. andtb1elde it .sUt~
tlftlG4 oPpoltW •••
fae .. ~ that the Mud. COWIWlltr. oooatl\t1tJ.M
a' WI\i otWl4$.V1dH iftd1a f. ~at1oD. waa the e4ll1 ., the Hbdlt ~o"t' becaa.e oonvent1omd Wi .... ln~ __ ",
Pakistan. and COUI.d tlOt 'be t\O.ly repudiate« __ ;1ft ... rid .... d.lb. Those" fled ~.ot.4 tbe 101to 01 fQaW8 VI ..
'tmdeNtanda.1¢1 U1.eo,alp"" to aako a SLlCOee. of d_oc"'~~
pGl$.t1os. J~, L1aqua~. Sb~to aM. 14u.11~ we~ h_dl~.ppM
"~rw aucS tutltutloa-lMaUdlna ~~ .... socS.l .....
01 the RlkJ.etan .we.at and tb9~ 4Ml m.aatOiltu... 4
national cOn'.~ 47:'Oun4 the eonttitutl_. Pl'\)fl.Doia1
~ult~t "Bang1ad •• na"tlcma11al'· antS 10 0I'l wo.llc1"'"
helpe.4". bttt.lt~ coUl4 e_pMGfttl the la~~ issue. ~1ft4. Bllft&lcl _ tb. purault 01 p&wd. ea. MPD _
.,.,., _ the ,*"pres.1..,. _rea 0" the ~t.. The leatta..Yd
the ey.ateta •• ahatte ... 4an4 a cu.wsl0t4 atm. by emblt·$oUe
aenol'81sbecue a· "a"_ of time.
!be .11£tIAr1aat10l'l of PaklItQ - • .-1 .. the
hQdlwdt 01 he.' ctvl1Saft lead~ __ 00\6<1, !JOt outaftw the tbe<1 ftoUOIl ot ptt"-t-, betW'oeD t_ Co~d .4 the
kUll. ... .Lea&U$.. tho armo4 torces lIeft .040 .• tl"Oal an4 " colt .. 1ft, t~ a ((.lUtefttel, ls... resource allocation.
Sdl ,8ft.n orkbJilaeent ot ta. , .. .bt.cy 01 •• IU6 .. aa
obrtous mtftaltt~ au.ttto a.'t4 H\\11b td_d to ~Uy tht
.~ bu.t th(Ji .. ,e_* to put Snstltutloral cObtJrol& oa the !a_:4 t01\)ct. bftlllltt toItb f1 'ftlle1 Of J)~teBt ,,,,. tIM, utt~ KaviQa mul'l!Jie4 s\itCh ·&Wl~rd1ah· pero$pttou· b_
.,., of Etc en 1ft tM, tlrat plac" theso. c1vllhM cOU1.tt tJ6t
.ut_ll 1:he bl_e to tile a1l1tan roll' re~eot~ the! ..
ft .. 'of cl.,U. .. 1Il11tuJt ~iatlOD ••
tt' r 1.' t. a _ Ii b'l
,,111.A.,: ~
Tbe COftduet of th. pol1t1cal1eade~ of tnt.Ua
and 8ft 1,a. 0U8bt to P1W8 UJat:ructive to", thoae ....
• e* a ielMltM restoration ot de&1ooraoy ill ()aktstan 4a4
amataa.1Ib. A~ parClall, l1qultkt&n& t.bI laMlCl olas ••••
the 1e40ra of the Indian Sn~. IIOV_,,'?toQt .. .."
ad¥ttbta&e 0" their strona 80Ctal baee_ L1lce their Sri
~ c01.l1tarpaatet: the, bu.u~ & .S&o~ .~ _tt.· and a pttOl'al cODa..t.aS aNUn4 .aao~ 'ss.a. bt 18 .08.
the "&knarc •• al1eoated to the .111tary weN either exoe$sive- nor dtf'!aient. 1Oa ___ ,·" weft til .. pnw.'~.
la1-'1tut1o~ oont~ls ._ ... Q1&o placed throuab a oa ... t\4
recruitman' polLey. tbe creat10a of • p a:Oaidl1tary to~
and 401ea~ ~l"Cttt1Oft f>! the areae of ~sPOllSlbUlt,..
; . iho contrast betw ... I'a'ktstan an4 Jftda 1s ... 111
al~ 1ft J'tspeot ot tbe fttem':.\l ~ct"o... It ... tba't Yert
pursuit otpu1ty Vlth ln4ia '4b1cb Pl'OJl~tGdJI.""b to 4 ••
Am~r1call' aid evell _rt Patc1stan wae bo1'D. Here, toe. 'til-~r ft~oDa1~111tY o~ .nttads_ PaJc1stBft .ust rest wl~ ha .. clvUlall leaders. The ~e$ail88.:1hd the opport.mf.t,.
to buI14 . .., the ~staft any aa a powertta force whlQb
t,1pMt tb. '-ltaDC. 01 ct.n ... nltalY ftl_tlone aJt4 _4 •• _
leaat 'U&aM_ ooratr1but101l _ tit. 1958 o0'll_ No&- caD
<tS.ftot U.s. ooQl1cl'~ 1ft the chabl of ovent. ct4alnatina
ill the co.,. o~ 19t8 and 1977 be Med out.
Ae a allttGIf Nt .... z£a bae "'~ratanthb1, al10"'_ th* U.S. to bolster the Patd. ... aNY aa a domCBt·lo .to~ ...
altboulb with ~ certaiD .... t of c1~&a8peot1an. Sho\44 the
baerioantt deCide to exe~1e. pft1SSUN. they oaA tl'llM
_ .. 11, 40 iO. 41ven their dlreot lln1c w1th the .nita"
.stablS_etlt ..
".'~ttar1aat1on 01 BaQS1a4.. I.. ala conneotM
1tlth the In~ 1'stQtoP WhUe ttl .... ·11 no one.to-oDe .latlo~
tbSp 1)etwotn U.s. na111te17 414 and the capaoity of tM aN"
fOI'C8e to lntol'W.. 1D 1m tile cn aotod 111 teeaue "1tti
tbose aray oftSco}"S and pol1tlc'1~8 who WCt'ii ~apw wit."
KU3l.'. ao-called ttsel1out· to India. The 8tibSOQUen'b tiMft to the extret\U r1fJlt. w1th llll~ Br1tldl sUPpOrt. abow4
tbat to ftllselt tlW!lft identity. tho BM41adesh geneNt. found
it nec.e~sarv to openly %'ej)W!1ate the tn41an value ey.at_. ta a oel'talA aeu$e •• '11tlll"1 rUle &ft India 'a t_ 1.,. ....
-l&h_vrins ceusrlee 1s the cutccmo of tbotl' w1& to
Il8SfttlJin a dtstMoe trc.. lntUa.
Deeplte their lSOJ'J,opol,y 0." the tectm1ctt» ot .,.tolGftC... • deIIoOret10 IMSan ne.tabbcUr <M\l.y acoent-tIl' ••
the 'cSt1\tlt y cftsle of tile Paltlstanl ana BanalactUbl .ettwala.
111. ·clvll1antatlOb- 01 AyUb. RataEll.l. ziti G.nd Brlbacl were
oooaslono4 by dtepl,.telt lneeO\lrlt108 wbloh aomet&ae. led
to tbe Violent persacutloft of dissidents. wtlen the peo»1-
eaw throuah the duplicIty and Ute pollt1oal mantpUlatlon . .,
tit. atnet"'&le. the latter PrGm])Uy lot -el.,tecl* and _oaae
-o1vi1ltUl'· I_dora thro~ Q\aaOl'OU constltuttonal aD4 poUtloal _~S. aw once the" abandoned tbe1r 1'881
aOUNe 01 4ut;hottty by dlaoa .. <UJa the UDUo-, their doWDt&ll
._ • .attar of tSae.
. ·_'~l'.""Y 1'14.'. POP~l'1ty ~s ~ pe~~ ... bot a. his !&Mito.Ni: Qiven the oUs. •• ,
Souta Ask ta le .. l_. OlUl ., aQlue that the atlttaf1'.
tho l>est agent o~ soolal Chaaaet Q) -.reto". ecq,a· ,_ft ..2 ' .........
• 'boMl42",'t4. s.,pa-ot- __ 01..,., . The ,Mfj~:t'Y t. lOON c..,ucate4 than tbe ... pon-.·
ot :f1Ultal'J N1* belle... A* .8t.ukona,.. tao alM4
dlaclpllfto.cl.b). 1s+ b. ,ts e9atmCe.. &lnl;I'OUS to ltberty,
_dt.'p.~tne4. it ,. n.inous to ~olety.· Itlaloally.
aUltary lea:4&f8 l.tlot a ptOpe~ appnIC1atl~ of tbe p .....
ft_slt$sfo-r • tunotion1D8 d~l'H.\01,. M\ieW~ 4.... . t'be1r ~~J)tt.ol_ abollt _8. polltlC!il aotlonaay ~.
. Rone of souUa Asia·. U11tary' Nlot'S oot44 ~ ... tt .
• 0.1". lntel"feJltlon ~to paJtloipatol')' politic. beoa~~.
to $tan -ita .. the1J' Q$atDp~lons wr. ta\tlty .~b" ,.. ... ~. tb1nlllke tilt,·, "the politic. be~ atlnklt M4 .. __
tnt.NOne to puJU1 1'- b\it .• laSt not 1Ma »allt.lted bY partlo""t
.- £a '~11tica ~ 8»t1R of" 0tlU1!f1e t~fC: tile 1\!Icadec ,,*,1_
b.lp. con',*,- '" po __ .... ~ tile IItU..., sot tt)m ~twe_ its l)8raonal pret.-reuces and tba~ ()b~r.tQtt_ Gaede d
.1 F • • Iot , nl .;1 •• ,
the -.. BJawldlni tho Jfeaponsill.tl.lt" ~t pollt1oll
inIt1tuttoa.tMll1d.ln&. the MlltalT acted il1 l's bin tntertat8:, we ttl. lost ~ ~I't.lt' te conveJt .UltuJ iateMDtlon te part1elJ).!lt1on.
WhUe it ,. tN. that: the aralJd tofte" ot Patin .. a~4 Bangladesh possesa technloal *nl. ot a bJ&b .~.~t thea. have eit"'~ be. WJ'Onall' 8pp1104 to soctal prolJl:8IiI' ·01' not at ell. ·In 1bkiatu", the· bpotlltAotl of te~ an4
or&w t'tOa a_v. Ma le4 to tbeiM~utatlon ~ b1*~to
practlcQa sucb 48 tloulna (ineletU.tJ$ the Ubt!)pt.a& .,
"") ud the eaputatioa of l_bs. 4uthotit, all<t cGfttIUUsatlon have had CO e;GCICJIM)dat1on for the M1 d1v.eJ'St~'ea 01 tbe count,,_ A .Uta,., NSl'OMe to th. po11tJ.C.til pro~l_ o~ Dalas::h1stEUl ane! Ztats l1tJ44At1on .t. ~~ have done 1ncaloUlablt: ~. to the mttcatta)r&o:. wtdl.. tbe aart1al faces thee)!:" bas 4es~roJett the ,Mtioa". . 6 :.tt, •
. t •• 1M"""" ~ $ 4 ".
Econoalo »011018* bay. al. bsan .UIo~'G4 tc.
polltJod net4s .. llenational1s6t100 .• decon~l' an4
s.ldles to tt» nob ftllaUlate4 a~wtb.. but at tbe coal
ot the poo"..Wbi1e R..!\baen 1I&t celelmltiq bitS '8uac:es'e ira
tmreaslfta ·p~duotlOD. tbf3 ~ood intake and tM p. Qapt~
a"anabllity 0-1 09sent1a1 ~&!$ in am&ta9.tl wont doC a 19'30~ Sul1aJ'l,f' zit. fa auch '~",e4 economtc Iltsueoesa* taw« decline in tbe real miles of the wont~ and the
agtcUltlU'Ql1aboun!t'B of ~isttlnf
Cl"!ll1 thet,. oraa1t1sntlonal ccmcems. llJ.'II2tY Nlerd
take :a .tlltUJ 1/1_ 01 ~elopmont .n<l o_te nat~na1
power wlth '1l111t,a~J spending. But he~et, too,; the Niu;Q.t. 8" 1aUe4. In ~ktattln,. _tuta", l'~f'ess1onQl1tq atd
4ec1'slon-aeklna lift .. su1»rdSnat8(} tQ pol.1.ttcal 1'equtl\l~cnts:"
ltndena1n1n& ~ho 8Nyt. punob. BeaJ.dee. MSb ml1ttu,
expondlturc •• at the cost o'l soclel, ~lel.ta~ot: WbU~ pattonaa.
and nopotl. coft'q)te4 tbe military estab11sbJlant. 01"1.-
•
the Mftft&a$ plo-t101'tns 0:1 atmy ruler$.- tile people l.~""
ttl. aoat 4 ..... ttift& orlttca 'of the .no","s ot tho' Sml8r1:lUr«
l1esJ)lte tbl$ depfts.s,t'Jt} ocenarto,. 1:11& mi11tary.
once tc power. BeldOol wltbt!ta\ftt.. Given the COft"UP'Unl
~utMe WI'llCh po __ bas,) no mnt.tsry ·Nlor 11kea to C':tVlln
t~_ that 'hf.s f'\il8 may be bad tor the oountl'V. Md that. ..
should 1'O~O"', power t,o tht! clvS11ana .. , Both Ay@. arm y~
left un4er dUress and not on tbelP own t'ree WUl,~ 1lQ$J.&t •• :
the po:l1.t.tclana lD unltotll are QOllS't~1nn4 to ~ih 1ft o,Ute.
bCf,uutae of tbe tE)Qr of nrpd.salG ~ tbose WboQ they Ovtl'o
tbrolh Succcaa1'f$ amy leac1el'G IJl lklr..a1ade. haw
takea &Nateate to blOCk all A\eIIll l.ea,,,,e .ttO~8 to
mum to powe ... Zla Ma ~n9 the sat1. f~ the PPP. H.
k~\f$ that by ,Uleaal11 ovel'tb~1dDI auatlo he baa brea ••
the 1m conetltutlon .l~ pftscrt'bes death pel'laity to~
such t1hlSb treaso:t .. • In Benau," l1~t.fj 0- wort1s. ftZu *I
see. f1 naoso h~ loosa mlt-ina to~ hlsa .. tt
The $ee~n4 pl'ebletJ foe that havla'l! iAtteu4 tb-.
aelvea Witb the $})OUa of oU1oo. clUte", rUlers are
tspted to hC)l4 [email protected] on to J)otcfsr. 'ibis t$ part'"
c~y true 01 MllStan. ~la baa &oM far beyond 4y.,." YaQa 1Jl di.-tr1butina favOUft lllDI)rJ8 bl# c~lloa&Q.. la 1978.
he d.irecta4 c1-qUlaa &!parttllGnts t. ftorult tha lara.at
po:eS1b1e t\Ullbw <>f fome~ anployees o-t tbo ~Iil foJee& .~
. or4eftd tbat 10 'pc!J' cant 01 all offioials 4bould be tl'Oa
dUta17 l'anttG,. rhe 'SyU FoWl(btJ.on. which bas ~Btl)'
upan:te4 un~ Ztn. pmnteea wcn1t to any "1d1~ .. baa
COIU)1eto4 IUt •• yearo of aemoo. It Il1so lUnS retell
«tON. as well es aupr. textUe:. ceme3t and cotton mills.
Beet1,40s., it, opotetGS 2.000 to 3,(X)O eouercit4 tl'anaport
, ~ .
-;\n4?m~ese8 tht Water and Ibtl~ ~ol'lIum~ autbol'l', it It . ~. ".
81ao rtUi$ othu:tndust-r.1ea nat1oM.l.l.o4 'by ~u.tto~ Pol1o ..
-08 i~,8i.!!)tQr!lPle,.> the A"~ Fo:ee F~tlon h~. be.,,*, to ~«*;att~_~tht eatSo ft~111~1~ •. _~_ fl~l1>ortS. Gl~» th1e,,,'
a. dftoft· by ZlQ t. wttb<l$tf from Pf)W." wOt.t1d not only"
·~O:ed by hl-$ eol.leat!ufts but titay $i1eSUlt itt a ~lttOet\ent~ ..
~f1.i 2!ta· •. t.o ··""thd$w at atl .• woUld ba~e t-o dO· so 8.'-', own ,aftl.
It 1 s d:tttl~U1t t~ sBttee that tb •• 111~ry ~)'.
ttan« ~~.r 'ttack when t.t 1s eon~ that .Qty~n polltie.
~$ Net} GUU1clently Ql<lanae.4 or "st~tti-ft4.'" The h ••
·p~bl •• 11S that the 8fme4 ftJr'Oe4 are Ul.otl\4~4 to l'aaol .. ,
~he lG13\lt·e \'1b1.eh they s~etc to. 1'hey cannot b~dG.ft
·demoofttlc partSclpat.ton whl¢h i. a threat to aUltal'J ft(l.,. fh.-., must. at tha aeat! thte.allow tor a dt)3NO of pat't;~
. · ... .l)\'ltlcft s1Q~G r~'" ~sed M-lelr on toftO QQtmo~ laet. tlll.
~lQt1t.iG .. ; t'o ·t'~.M1OA" and ·cor.~tft'Ot toa· mtt.\m. antS SOli'"
tltaea ~b the do1ttltal of ~ Mel's. th!.. Qerta.tbiY ~ •.
tbe tate of botb (\yub~ an4 yahya. Nor d09$ ttse mU!.t~
vltbctraw v4'len tbe ertbniQ... ¢laS$ or lde~lol1cd Intereste .,
th~ ~~ •. l!th. 1t ~sent. hav~ been .t\lltlll~~t It., feel tbat tbt! S=~ lnt&7!em;s Oi tbose ~o come Wo powe 'f'
wt$l~ be 'beet sellVed by tan· lndtlttUte 4Qse otmlU'ttltT n.at.\ • . • ~- I J n. II " fir; _
8
At any tate. It cnMot be sho_ eaplr10ally that tbo lesl eelft. tbe _tl.,ea., tho greater tbe ob.8DC9S tor
wt.thdm.,..
A lo.na-t.el1D withdrawal or the 11Iilltary 18 ve'I!f
dlttloUl t and mraae11 'UIlUkol¥. Ml11tary leadsra ball4
over power only .tien eire.stances f'o~e theta tit. Evea
aft .. "wltbdrawlr1l.· they tema&n the .0.' 4e.aaan4lDa
irguard1aaa* ancl '\a1salonar'~sff of tbe F'.Jl:t10D. XhfJ c1Y1l1 .....
am repeatedly to14 that they must t\U¥:tlon properly te' .ta,
in pGwett. gallina this. tbe UUtary a&a1n lfttel'VGnea an"
~1Yiuanlse .. • ItseU »l a Und of democratio syst. Sapo .. 4
fnJcl abi)ve. 'rhe reaUlt ,. ~ltemat. euccess1on* o~_
ftalteratloD betw-.n. tlShten1Da and loosenil13 the cl\ala8 d 9
:powp betvfleD 'tho c1v11181', and a11!tarv lea4Qmblp~-
Paklstan \tent through tb1s 0701 •• the 1I1l1tuJ 1ftt.~4
1ft 195B. ·clvtUanJ.8ed- Itself, withdrew P 1m and 86-..4
powWin 1m. lhnaladetb has bad e1iht co..,. an4 a 1l .. )W
10 Banaladoe aaa also hGd. nine Pt9s1denta ill tbllto_ Teare.
a. d
9 AaftD S. K:ll--. ~onf1ne4 to iarta01cs. maer'lencl •• aftd the Mllitary in ~.e1oplng Soclette8 13 _ caR&m!UI !!u~'Q •• _1. 12. no. ~ JalUll7 1980. p. I: •
10 Tbe UrfIt .. M~'b __ we .... lDate4 bf the PNY1al.-.t Gove!'Meat on U A,p,,11 1m. 'rba @eco.~d. Justlc. Al.* S~"d ChoYCllUlY, va.cboaee b7 ttl. Cat.1bet on 12 JU'lllY 1 ... He -5 1011cwe-d !W Hdbamme&41eh who 'beCalhe Ilotlnl Prealdan' 01a 24 Dtc.~ 1m anI lOt electtt4 .-24 Dttcembalt 19"14. Than '~_8 r~31b \Upto l' ~uaU$t 1m·)
contd. on next ~ ••
~Ltbel' C)at'1 the mUttar, 1tc1vl1lan1sa(t 1tself iD a
•• ~ut aEU\ller M:t can It t¥'Mater power to the
et.tlltU1s. As w .. lcb JJI and Sttlth obae~.
Faltins the clvtlSiliaatlcm of aUit., regia" aDd also ftll1Sna the tis • • f oountervalllQl e1vU,lq $.nItlt-..tl0U .• tbe chaSn of chaq. from ODe bJ)e .t IOvenxnent to another can, be broken oi11y l)y a tlJOeia1 "vol.SoD. 11
l'he pn.b1_ t04ty is the stalemated nature o~
olvU.ult4ry ftlat,1ona tft Palllatu and to 8leu.1t
~ent. Ul Banatad... For this. bOtb the anlta~ anet
the clvlUQlls are to blame. We btl •• 80eft bow the udlJ.t~t1
ba. taSlecl SO PI'OVldll1& aD attra~lw altemattve tt.t nne
b1 tbe cll1l11aas.) still. it is ~t ~ll1ftg to wltbdraw
dose a cj:~U1ata ...,. •• to aQt a8 a covar ~O'l' Qllltat7
Nte. This is aometblftl no c1v1Uaft 1s wl11!n& to do G1nco
it WO\44 allOWtt to poUtleal sUlclde. filar doe. a civilian
lead_ have tbttnecesaa1')' oharJ.Dtl 10 .tther Mtsten .~ a.natadosb to bo14 bis ~_ eaaSnst the &11Ded to~a aft4
'p",vtdo ac altematlft to 1I1l1tar'J M&., On the one haDd.
tbe1dU.tQJ:7 haa little t~Sth to pol1ttolsl'l8. On the oth4".
.. r I Coda .. II tiLt _.
co1)td. ~ bl. pas.
11
)q "1l't·ua of tbe WYJen_1It. 0: the constltutiOft ~o110\f~d by Ihondakar Mu.btaq Ahmed after ~lb'''$ "oath \15 A~ 1915), Justioe Ab\l, Sadat ltiI»!iamad , Say.' (6 Ncl..-ber 1m), Ma~or.-Qeneral Zlaur RMeail . £24 A»l1..l 1917), JustIce Abdua Sat~ abd 0.Gft1 If.M. arsllac!. See ttle ;££1_1# 3l Kay 1981.
Claude E. W'eloll," , 4 4r. an4 AJ"tbUV J. Salth. all.t-a !ble, anA .Ruts, (Bel.Oftt.: 1914). P. JO.
poUttoisns feel this 1.,· "wst aft no .... to..- tbf J&~etWltton or alUtal"f nate. Haft they ..... '0' • cbaMe to MOW tbe1r wo ...... theJ"
ibe I\llti __ 8,ftI, can Wlth4faw' et4, _.~ the
o~tlonj ofa m '1 •••. no~ ~Oti).* ~pneal.. fbe
~tatV .ust al~ be aS8~4 of a at*' VOle. 1ft ••
i"OrlNlatloD ot the 4Ototle. and tOftJp ,olic.... Dotal.t .. these 91'e' ratt1~,:ditu'ly. No. J)Ol1t.loal' ~arty ltOUl4 e14a
, warrant £t4 own aeatlWr..,l[,by reoQgn1$~. pe~Qnent poUt!oal 1'O-1e ~or~,th. atGl1'. ffeQoo. it ttl ttXtftalely :wo.t.k&ly that
t,he 61'm1 \.o~4 tQ.e a -GaM ~W ~* to no_ie, U4 la ata~ty.·
« 1.te. ... attoft' has bltft .ad. t;J ttl. PPP to
.~ .. at ·.,ll!WI,,¥Ua.a. wlth the atay. fh6 PPP., _ft ... 1fta ttaeU asat_ 4o$n& ~,~O '~ •• the _y to1"
, enotber aener4.,-tJ 01te"4 to st~ power ~ .. one year it 'tbis cOUld .&x. 4_001'1.0' and lead to the mum 01 tbe . _. ", ' 1, , a'lUd' ~oHea ,t:o tho \)a~ctt •• :Jt S~11aJl'ly. ~ Bi\utto
_aea 8tat_,.~ .", Zltl·. a\ab5tltutton l>y • 1tO_: 4lCQ .....
a14. aenetal woUld ~ve the _y .tor political _n8l4t.t~
b&tveo,A the QRaea toft" an4 tile po14tloal _rtt •• ~O~ the
.. , . . . - .
·14 peacet-n traMter ot pow..... But it )f1'8. 8\utto ._
acting on the aSS&ap\loD th4t the aUita., wo\44 ~
trMstop pow .. to the PPP onoe lola 18& out 0:£ the ."
she would QPpea .. to have seriously lapsed lDunderattm4ln&
thtfte.ture ot a111ta.J7 wle. AlternatelV, ber statement
could bo tnterpmte4 ae capitUlation in the t9.CG ot • eli 19£aU, Q.tl4 ·an effort to get some clUlbG trrom tbe tlll1tQ7
NlM'!l m the mannal' of tAo. polltlctans .. bact .101»4
tho Zia ad1Dlnistratlott tor oppottWllstlc Jtcascms.
The .final »~bletl 1s that tha l'Ulers o~ ~_std
3.ftct .".n &!1na1.a4eab. oont1rlue to ... !nella aa the J)011ttc4
eMU' whom the, alone oan oounter. As lon,a8 this peJlOfj)ttOll'
l'l'ID8inS. the PaItl!Jt8. day at leaetwlll contintite ..
narcS .. a veto ove~ pol1t.1c8 and pl"e1ten~ t)Olttlo14na .trota
amvSng at a peaceM .. ttl_en.t with %ndla.. To ~t_
IfttUa,. the ar.y woUl4 continue tts dlftCt U*. \11th t-o~1&n
.11.t.tary eetabltebasentG wtlJpll 0*'11 strengthen it
4otJGStlcal1y.
~lvan tb1- ac.~lct. e p!b~ctlOft about the loq.
to,. e.ffeot of dl'ta~ lfttexvention Me to be ~a.',.
indeed. A. HuAtiDatoll obsel"Y •• ' A d11t~ which lofttorwen. baa t., .l'tlone$ to ,..tQ&n ita hold OJ" n.t\#n ~e", to the politicians. But the sti'ate&Y 11:1 eltbar caM may be either to rastJ'tGt or eltPBAd political ,awe ... l'
• Q 'E'II I. 11 •
14 ''h'~~Me. o',!!$Ua. at Sept_bQ- 199". l' *_c_ mmlnltoa. 11. J. ,..2,).2)4.
~' . . ~,!:e 4QU ftfat'I1,.o1 tht .111ttU7,! according to a.a,. . ~ gGco. .. tea 10_ e1t'uatlon.' . .
(A)!!!.tlm e:u~!t.t~ ntis .'IS done by the 8.uW1sMeb atl1t~' 8·tt.~ 1m.- A .. d1o\a o~"ot~i.d
n4e <-.s 1'Q_~re4. ~"'i .my eUeottv.l, ,~cute4 t.he . ,..'. '. . -. .
A\M1 t"Ue"JContw. ,.11t1cal Qctlvttii ,to l"Utioal
otpnlaatk_ fIppOH4 t. "",lb. fbi. "8$ ateo bee .. ~
__ tea, 01 2" • oot2tlDu.etJ to put th. PPP wader ana1
prGa ....
(&) tle~Jl!d,,..~!R!!d' 1'hls 14 Mlat happeMtt ta. Patdsttln attGPl969. Yah74 biecS to dJ)and l'oUtlQai
aotlV1t, on the Ode baad. but tt'l. ~ .~~t.e til. J)Olttlcit:UtS to l)1Wpetuat6 bl, ~ on the ottu... fhla
1!~.P1'Otl3e4 policY \fa" 4o_a« to tal1ut!18.
(a) attaR .M! .~f!"G$ After the '1~c1lG~8 eo..,.
of i.1 aM 1m fa Palclat.". pOlltlcal aotiVity -& Cf'lo1cl, bam-d. flle.aae 'MlS 40ft. 1ft lahl1aa. in· 1975 a04 bJ :s-.ct •• :.n .•
,
(D) a.ta ... ..!ft4 ~, Tbl. 1e tbe .14 ploy et. ohapte~ Ilvo bae ail'ea4y exaai,n.4t 4J~t. -.uJ1Q tteoc· ....
. ot •••• Ztsur aa_.te UJ\101l ftounella and Enftl4te T1ag. '.
M_41, ........ iUtdOd.
Tbese atfttt51 ••• as 1M '*V. a1~4, seen •... .. ,.-'"
cbaptep ~l •• ,t ~ to en ... ~1_ lft tJ&btto~~g~1 .. i
.r
1'tle lObS 'Vlew of Patdataft1 polttlo. bas neoes,uu., to 10 beyon4 the lsa~ of cS;'IU ... UlU." l"elat1onJ. fb.
Na1 cballaq. to ae 1s not from the PW or tbe !tAD ud
til. :ltlSue 1s Dot ono at a111ta17 WI'SU! civilian me. Th.
Nal pm\)l.Ji of Pa1t1ataQ 18 OM of le<taacy. 1de1ltlt, til4
constitutional consGnS\l... the PPP it'! 110 4tf~rent trOll Ztll tG mll itary realm. in tho N1d.t;taemal sense that ....
!~~~t!b! .. U .. ! O"qci;t12!lJlf..~!s.an.n~CP .1s UfAuan ,ltd ~lBblXn s.ent1'!.u.!'!t1~ file eontN'tel'SY over ~'hot!1()r the
oivilians or the military shoUld tulG Pakistan (l:)cs not
pol&nae the lSSuefl bul; meAly confuses tbem. Cont11ote
BWlb as take J)l!loe ove~ pc~oilQ~ln.i &r6 tsct!.cal mClllOf)U'fr"
\f1thtn a _,tm1M&a OODBQlUhUh
It the )fRD bad been anytb~ other than the PPP SD
d1sgtd.$e. 1t t'foW4 ha11e engl1U.' Pakistan by.now. tb$
1Jl1noJ'1ty tlatloM1.1tle. a~ floutsl,. ~ware of the tQct that
the $uccess of the MRD e61:~a.tlon wou14 lead to the raatofttton of PPP rulo. with all the neeatlw eonsequemes tQli" the~
autonomy 4atland.. rtu~ real ohallG1\6$ to z,~., if lt comea at
all. ,will come frcm those who f~vol1r a cotlfed,el\ll constlt'uts-t
t~ltb extenBl".a rtgtlt8 tot' the federat1Qg unlt84 Such a move-has
lltlnt woUld tGl'.u.ldl9te the 19'13 ooostltu.tlon tln1cbLUUltarist
In\pltcatlon and wbloh. %la hilS J10t &-epu.d14te4. t'ne deteott ..
of some dlsirllltle4 PPP met'lbers to the PNP may 'brfJl& a~ a
.Sf • r.
11 The o»ly d1ffeNnee ~$ttaat tbQ PPP does not atMl4 tor a Palclatan basee! on stl'OaS QumDic PMc1plea ~
pOlariaatSoacUon3 t~ ~8ht line.. !htt "'thar.VJ and I
,Wal tile poor J)fGPle of tbe ~~b mtY. at. scne ~\lft
date. ~o1ft the battle agala.at unt~!'1_ J.n a ~u.\I1'lY
democrst10' mov_em. It 1& because of the '!S!!li cont~\ft. t1Gll otPak1stMi polit1QS whe~ the ml11ta!'Ylotl bY 2&a
le plttod asnlad the o1v1l1ans leCS by the PPP tbat Zis t. ~bli) to rem~1n U power. fbe MRD aattatlo~ tOl'the
~atorot1on of demooraoy. if aucces$fUl. woUl<l J)ut
t·temendous strain on tho nat tonal teb1'1c b0cf1use del1Oc",oy
Sl't Mtatan has neither ~en vlQble 1m t.ba t>nst nor wtl1 _ ." 18 -be .In futUN \11t1'lout a prior pqlfS1Uu.uo~l:. nCS!~sa Q-OfII the ~ople Oft tha aat~ ot P.lklstan1 1e<l~nll8Uh
For all these reascma. the p~Mla tor c1YUtan
~U)rel$Oy in fnkl.stan and Bansladesh have t\leeded into tbt
'baclq&l'Ound. No dOU1)t Ebutto and M~11) ia iled as c1v.il1lD
N).em, bu.t 10 raell-ty tbe1r downfall was the col10ct.1vfJ
:rnu.,~ ()t their countr,mcn. toda¥ .• the _~niS ba'l.
J. Jan I_I lba
aU bUt fo!ptten bow the ~t o~ "-tocracy tast •••
The pron. 11 thtkt th. popular conception 01 the .ntta".
,tUt casts it 1D " berolo .0\44. the ttan on Horsebacllc
continues to 1Upl~ awe Sa th •• lnda of mOlt people ..
oelebm.te his toWes in Ule _tata •• belief that the, are
bSa Ylrtuoa .•
