Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans & supplementary planning guidance

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Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Presentation contents

— Other training modules in the series

— Climate change adaptation – National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) and National Planning Policy Guidance (NPPG)

— Climate change adaptation and strategic planning – what are the issues?

— What strategic plans can we apply this to?

— Climate change adaptation and evidence base

— Climate change adaptation actions in plans and policies

— Further information sources

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Other training modules in the series

— Statutory drivers for adaptation

— Making the business case for adaptation

— Green Infrastructure as an adaptation response

— How developments and buildings can be adapted so that they are resilient to climate change and extreme weather

— Addressing weather and climate risks through neighbourhood planning

— Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and supplementary planning guidance

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Learning objectives

— Understand national planning policy context for climate change adaptation.

— Understand how adaptation to different climate risks can be promoted through strategic planning.

— Know where to get data and information to ensure climate change adaptation is properly integrated into the plan evidence base.

— Know how to develop plans and policies that promote adaptation to climate risks.

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

CCA and strategic planning – what are the issues?

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

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Gary Telford / Alamy

M. Brodie / Alamy

How can these impacts affect people and the built environment?

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Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

How can these impacts affect people and the built environment?

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Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Climate change adaptation planning policy for strategic planning

National Planning Policy Framework:

— Local plans should take account of climate change over the long term.

— Should consider a range of impacts, including flood risk, coastal change, water supply, biodiversity and landscape.

— Manage risks through suitable adaptation measures, including green infrastructure.

— Spatial allocations for development should follow a sequential approach to minimise flood risk, considering climate impacts.

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Climate change adaptation planning policy for strategic planning

National Planning Practice Guidance ‘Climate Change’ guidance for Local Plans:

— Consider climate risks over the lifetime of the development when:

— Allocating development sites

— Developing design policies for developments and public realm

— Climate risks could have implications for the following during the lifetime of the development:

— Availability of water and water infrastructure

— Flood risk and coastal change

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Adapting to climate risks - role for strategic planning

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Examples of planning responses for adaptation in strategic plans

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

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What strategic plans can we deliver these responses through?

City/Town/District level:

— Local plan policies and land allocations and supporting evidence base and sustainability appraisal.

— Supplementary Planning Guidance for local pan-wide policies.

— Non-statutory strategies such as Green Infrastructure Strategies and Growth Strategies.

Neighbourhood level:

— Area Action Plans and Neighbourhood Plans

— Supplementary Planning Guidance for site allocations

— Masterplans for large development sites

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Climate change adaptation and your planning evidence base

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Data on climate risks to inform your evidence base

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Spatial planning responses to climate risks identified in evidence base

— Locating development outside of flood risk areas.

— Ensuring new development is flood resistant.

— Encouraging retrofit of existing buildings at risk (e.g. at change of use or refurbishment).

— Minimising additional water demand.

— Minimising the Urban Heat Island and heat stress.

— Using green space to adapt to a changing climate – (e.g. % requirement, area plans or design guides, CIL).

— Policies and SPD might cover anything not covered by building regs

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Flood risk – spatial planning responses

— Consider current and future flood risk in SFRA

— Locate sensitive land uses away from areas of high flood risk

— Design of buildings to reduce risk

— Manage drainage around developments

— Resilience in refurbishment as well as new build

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Water resources – spatial planning responses

— Ensure major developments have sufficient water resource.

— Improving water efficiency of plumbing, appliances and water features.

— Encourage reuse of grey water and rainwater harvesting where scale of makes it efficient to do so.

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Overheating/Urban heat Island - spatial planning responses

— Ensure buildings can cope with high temperatures through:

— the use of landform, layout, design, construction materials and efficient ventilation systems; and,

— appropriate design and use of vegetation and open space.

— Green space, street trees and planting for example % requirement area plans or design guides for green space

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Jeffrey Blackler / Alamy

Local Plan Policies - Examples

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Supplementary Planning Documents - Examples

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Strategic Land Use Decision Making - Examples

Conclusion – Key messages to take away

— Develop policy that will work in practice – check with development management teams.

— Also check your policy with agents, developers and other relevant external groups (e.g. EA).

— Make policy and guidance practical and flexible.

— Keep a focus on planning remit - don’t stray into building regs.

— Ensure policies are sound – evidence is key to this.

— Test run it so you can iron out any problems, then develop final policy and supporting SPD.

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Further information

How developments and buildings can be adapted so that they

are resilient to climate change and extreme weather

Planning for Climate Change - Guidance for Local Authoritieshttp://www.tcpa.org.uk/pages/planning-for-climate-change-guidance-for-local-authorities-2012.html

Using supplementary planning documents to address climate change locallyhttp://www.pas.gov.uk/pas/core/page.do?pageId=552515

ESPACE project Climate Change Impacts and Spatial Planning - Decision Support Guidance http://www.espace-project.org/publications/Extension%20Outputs/EA/Espace%20Final_Guidance_Finalv5.pdf  Planning for a healthy environment: good practice for green infrastructure and biodiversity (including Annex C – Model Policies and Approaches) http://www.tcpa.org.uk/pages/planning-for-a-healthy-environment-good-practice-for-green-infrastructure-and-biodiversity.html

Climate Change Adaptation By Design http://www.tcpa.org.uk/pages/climate-change-adaptation-by-design.html Climate Adaptation - Guidance on insurance issues for new developmentswww.climatewise.org.uk/storage/publications/viewAttachment.pdf   

Further information

How developments and buildings can be adapted so that they

are resilient to climate change and extreme weather

Climate Change Adaptation - Advice for planners and developers, UKGBC http://www.ukgbc.org/content/climate-change-adaptation   MBEKTN and EA Climate Ready, Business case guidance for the built environment https://connect.innovateuk.org/web/climate-change-adaptation/article-view/-/blogs/making-the-case-for-climate-change-adaptation-in-the-uk-built-environment-a-toolk-1

Townscape: A Guide for Decision Makerswww.tdag.org.uk/uploads/4/2/8/0/4280686/tdag_treesinthetownscape.pdf Susdrain – Water sensitive urban design in the UK – Ideas for Built Environment Practitioners http://www.susdrain.org/files/resources/ciria_guidance/wsud_ideas_book.pdf  Beat the Heat: Keeping UK buildings cool in a warming climatehttp://www.ukcip.org.uk/wordpress/wp-content/PDFs/Beating_heat.pdf  Environment Agency Interactive Flood House – design measures to make properties more resilient during floods http://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/shell/Flood_house_tips.swf  Conserving water in buildingshttp://publications.environment-agency.gov.uk/pdf/GEHO1107BNJR-E-E.pdf  

Further information

How developments and buildings can be adapted so that they are

resilient to climate change and extreme weather

Six steps to flood resilience - Guidance for local authorities (SMARTeST)http://www.smartfloodprotection.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Six-Steps_Professionals-web.pdf

UK Climate Projections - Maps and Regional Data.http://ukclimateprojections.metoffice.gov.uk/21708

EA Catchment Flood Management Planshttp://www.environment-agency.gov.uk/research/planning/33586.aspx

EA Shoreline Management Planshttps://www.gov.uk/government/collections/catchment-flood-management-plans

Water Stressed Areas: Final Classificationhttps://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/244333/water-stressed-classification-2013.pdf

Water Companies Water Resources Management Plans

Case studies

Achieving resilience to climate risks through local plans and

supplementary planning guidance

Cambridge Sustainable Drainage Design and Adoption GuideTo work towards climate resilience and prepare for increasing flood risk, Cambridge City Council is promoting the use of sustainable drainage systems (SUDS) within Cambridge.

CASE STUDY

The guide

• Helps developers understand requirements

• Shapes the broader approach to SUDS in Cambridge

• Early consideration and full integration

• High quality and multifunctional

Theme: Achieving resilience through Planning policy

Motivation• Drainage issues and significant growth agenda

• Amplification of flood risk due to climate change

• Opportunity for climate resilient and high quality development

Multiple benefits

• Reduced flood risk

• Passive cooling during periods of heat

• Aesthetic and amenity benefits

• Enhanced biodiversity

• Improved water quality

Successes

Theme: Achieving resilience through Planning policy

• Two Landscape Institute Awards 2010

• Very few objections to draft Local Plan policy on SUDS

• 30% permeable paving in new urban extensions compared to national average of 10-15%

• Helped developers to address flood risk

• Increased value of developments

• Enhanced Local Authority capacity

Improving the capacity of both the council and developers to work towards climate resilience

Photography: Simon Bunn

Future

• Regular review and update

• Continued support for developers

• Expansion to other elements of the built environment

• Stronger guidance for planners

Theme: Achieving resilience through Planning policy

Continued applicability

• Well placed for upcoming SUDS legislation

• Strategically influencing the Cambridge Local Plan and the forthcoming Cambridgeshire Floods and Water SPD

Photography: Simon Bunn

Further information

• Emma Davies

Senior Sustainability Officer (Design and Construction), Planning Policy, Cambridge City Council

• 01223 457170

• emma.davies@cambridge.gov.uk

• https://www.cambridge.gov.uk/sustainable-drainage-systems

Theme: Achieving resilience through Planning policy