ACLS Presentation

8/2/2019 ACLS Presentation

1/79


2/79


3/79


4/79

WHAT IS CPR?Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) isan emergency technique that anyone canlearn to help someone whose heart and/or

breathing has stopped.

It can keep a victim alive until skilled help

arrives or the victim is transferred to ahospital.


5/79


6/79


7/79


8/79


9/79

WHATS NEW IN 2010 GUIDELINES

Key changes and continued points of emphasisfrom the 2005 BLS Guidelines include thefollowing:

Immediate recognition of SCA based on assessingunresponsiveness and absence of normalbreathing (i.e., the victim is not breathing or onlygasping)

Look, Listen, and Feel removed from the BLSalgorithm

Encouraging Hands-Only CPR by lay-rescuer

Sequence change to chest compressions before


10/79


11/79


12/79


13/79

CONCEPT OF BLS

All You Need is!


14/79


15/79

FIRST ACTIONSAssess Responsiveness,

Gentle Shake/Tap and Shout

Lay Rescuer:Call for Help

Health Care Provider (HCP):Also Check Breathing then all for

Help


16/79


17/79

FIRST ACTIONSPosition the Victim

Position the Rescuer


18/79


19/79


20/79


21/79


22/79

CHECK PULSE

No Pulse Check for lay rescuer

Assume cardiac arrest if an adult suddenlycollapses or an unresponsive victim is not

breathing normally.

Healthcare provider should take

no more than 10 seconds

if no definite pulse, within that time period, startchest compressions


23/79


24/79


25/79


26/79

Focus on High Quality CPR adequate rate (at least 100/minute)

adequate depth

adults: a compression depth of at least 2 inches (5cm)

infants and children: a depth of least one third theanterior-posterior (AP) diameter of the chest or about1.5 inches (4 cm) in infants and about 2 inches (5 cm)

in children

allow complete chest recoil after eachcompression

minimize interruptions in compressions

avoid excessive ventilation

CLOSED CHEST COMPRESSIONS


27/79


28/79


29/79


30/79


31/79


32/79


33/79


34/79


35/79


36/79


37/79


38/79


39/79


40/79


41/79


42/79

TWONORMALBREATHS

(ONESECONDEACH)


43/79


44/79


45/79


46/79


47/79


48/79


49/79

Place paddles on the chestand assess rhythm


50/79

If PEA or Asystole

No shock

Give Adrenaline 1mg every 3-5

min IV or 2.5 mg TT or

Vasopressin 40 IU single dose

Continue CPR @ CV 30:2


51/79


52/79


53/79

DEFIBRILLATIONTypes Precordial Thump

Manual DefibrillatorsAEDs (Automated External Defibrillators)

ICDs (Internal Cardioverter Defibrillators)

Ideal Time:Immediately After Cardiac Arrest


54/79

DEFIBRILLATION Turn the defibrillator on. Place the paddles after applying electrode

gel, or apply AED pads.

Correct paddle placement is essential.Charge to desired level. Shout: One, I am clear; Two, you are

clear; Three, All are clear.

Deliver the energy by pressing bothbuttons simultaneously.


55/79


56/79


57/79


58/79


59/79


60/79


61/79


62/79


63/79


64/79

AEDSAdvantages Easier to operate.

Little education

needed. Quicker operation.

Rhythm detection.

Hands Off

defibrillation. Rhythm monitoring.

Disadvantages

CPR must be stoppedfor 10-15 secs.

Interruption inanalysis by agonalbreathing, transport,radio receivers.


65/79

SECONDARY SURVEY Lay rescuers should not interrupt chest

compressions to palpate pulses or check forROSC

Lay rescuers should continue CPR until an AED arrives the victim wakes up EMS personnel take over CPR

Healthcare providers should interrupt chest compressions as infrequently as

possible

no longer than 10 seconds except for specific interventions such as insertion of

an advanced airway or use of a defibrillator


66/79


67/79


68/79

CONSCIOUS ADULT WITH CHOKED AIRWAY

In signs of severe airway obstruction: act quickly to relieve the obstruction.

In mild obstruction when victim is coughing

forcefully do not interfere with the patients spontaneous

coughing and breathing efforts.

Attempt to relieve the obstruction only if signs of

severe obstruction develop: the cough becomes silent

respiratory difficulty increases accompanied by stridor

victim becomes unresponsive


69/79


70/79


71/79


72/79

SELF RESCUESelf Administered Hemlich Maneuver:

To treat own complete FBAO oneshould perform Heimlich maneuver as

on any other victim getting inward andupward thrusts to the diaphragm.Failing this, victim should press the

upper abdomen quickly over any firmsurface e.g. back of a chair, side of atable, porch railing.


73/79


74/79


75/79

BLS


76/79

FINGERSWEEPBLS


77/79


78/79


79/79

Documents

ACLS Presentation