Adaptation of the judo refereeing rules for the next 2017- 2020 Olympic Cycle

下一個奧運週期的柔道裁判規則修訂

2017 - 2020 年

Rules presentation 規則介紹

翻譯：蔡森群、侯碧燕

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The International Judo Federation has worked on the new regulations. They will apply for the next Olympic cycle. The goal is to promote the rules of judo and make them easier to understand, as well as to simplify them. The purpose of these rules is to give priority to the attack and to the realization of IPPON. The new refereeing rules with these modifications will be sent to you as soon as possible. IJF 制定了新的規定將應用在下一個奧運週期裡，目標是要讓規則更容易理解，其目的

是選手能積極首要攻擊並獲得一勝。這些修改的新裁判規則將盡快發送給您。 For your information, a proposal to include a team event during the Olympic Games will also be sent to the IOC. This event will be a mixed team event including 3 women (-57, -70, +70) and three men (-73, -90, +90). The teams will be composed of athletes who have qualified for the individual competition.

提供給大家一個訊息，IJF將向國際奧會提出建議增加團體賽，這個是男女混合的團體賽，

包括3名女性（-57，-70，+70）和三名男性（-73，-90，+90）， 隊員將由有資格參加

個人賽的運動員組成。 Regarding the refereeing rules, a test period at the international level will start at the beginning of January 2017 during the first Continental Open of the year in Africa and will end after the World Championships in Budapest from 28 August to 3 September 2017. 關於裁判規則，國際級的測試將從 2017 年 1 月初在非洲的第一次洲際公開賽開始，並

於 2017 年 8 月 28 日至 9 月 3 日在布達佩斯舉行世界錦標賽之後結束。 The Tokyo Grand Slam 2016 marked the end of the Olympic cycle, during which the refereeing rules valid during Olympic Games 2016 were used. This which saw the crowning of 14 Olympic champions in Rio last August. A whole new cycle now opens (starting with the Paris Grand Slam in February 2017). It will end during the next Olympic Games in Tokyo in 2020. 2016年東京大滿貫為上一個奧運循環的的結束，他們都是用2016奧運週期的裁判規則；

在去年 8 月里約產生了 14 個奧運冠軍，現在開始一個全新的週期（2017 年 2 月巴黎大

滿貫開始），它將在 2020 年東京奧運會後結束。 As was the case in 2012, following the London Games, the International Judo Federation has carefully analysed the last four years, both from an organisational perspective and from a technical point of view. 跟 2012 年的情況一樣，在倫敦運動會之後，IJF 仔細分析了過去四年期間，從組織的觀

點與技術得分的角度去看。 Within four years, judo has evolved very positively. The success of the Rio 2016 Games is a

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tangible proof of this. Within a few years the technical abilities of the athletes have improved a lot, for example, the number of technical scores in competition has increased sharply, reaching more than 80% in certain weight categories on the occasion of the last World Championships in Astana, Kazakhstan, in August 2015. 在四年內，柔道演變成非常積極的，2016 年里約奧運的成功是很明顯的證明。在這幾年

內，運動員的技術能力有了很大的提高，例如， 2015 年 8 月阿斯塔納、哈薩克世界錦

標賽的時候，競賽中技術得分的數量急劇增加，在某些量級甚至超過 80％。 This analysis, conducted under the supervision of the IJF Executive Committee, an expanded group of experts and media representatives around the judo movement, revealed several changes and improvements to the rules that will provide greater clarity and a greater dynamism to judo. The new rules were elaborated based on the proposals from National Federations and the 20 Directors of the IJF Coordination Committee, which were later analysed by the group of experts of the IJF and the Executive Committee technical departments. The choices that have been made are the result of a widely shared and democratic consensus. They consider the fundamental values of judo, and its moral code, while ensuring that our sport, which is a 'living body’, can adapt to the modern world and reach an increasingly large audience. 這項分析，在 IJF 執行委員會的監督之下進行，擴大邀請的專家和媒體代表對柔道運動

提出了規則的幾個變化和改進，讓柔道規則更清晰、更具質量。 新規則是根據各國家協會的建議，並由 IJF 協調委員會 20 名主管所擬定的，最後由 IJF專業團隊、執行委員會技術部門進行了分析。所作的選擇是廣泛諮詢不同的意見做出的

民主共識的結論。他們考慮柔道的基本價值及其道德準則，同時確保我們的柔道運動，

是一種“生命體”的運動，可以適應現代世界並吸引更多的觀眾。 The rules that have been adopted will be presented at the refereeing and coaching seminar to be held in January in Baku, Azerbaijan. Judoka, coaches, fans and the media will be able to watch the Baku seminar live from 6-7 January 2017 on the IJF YouTube channel at www.youtube.com/judo

修訂過的規則將於1月在亞塞拜然巴庫舉行的裁判和教練研習會上提出。 柔道人、教練、

觀眾和媒體能從IJF YouTube頻道上觀看從2017年1月6日至7日的巴庫研討會，網址為

www.youtube.com/judo Each point of the new regulations will then be explained and detailed in a practical way to referees, coaches and representatives of National Federations and Continental Unions. A test period will then be opened. During this time, the new regulations can be corrected, if necessary. This process will allow our judo community to start the next Olympic qualification cycle with perfectly integrated rules. Following the World Championships in Budapest, a

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meeting will take place that will validate the set of rules that will be used for the next Olympic qualification period.

新規則的每一個重點都將以實際的示範解釋和詳細介紹給參加的裁判、教練和各國家協

會、各洲際代表。然後將開始新規則的測試期。在此期間，如有必要，新的規則是可以

修正的。

這個過程將使我們的柔道運動開始下一個奧運週期，並有整體完備的規則。布達佩斯世

界錦標賽之後，將再舉行一次會議，驗證將在下一屆奧運會週期使用的規則。

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TECHNICAL ASSESSMENT

Duration of contest 比賽時間.......................... page 6

Evaluation of the points 給分要點...................page 6

Osaekomi 壓制.................................................page 6

Technical score. 技術得分...............................page 6

Golden score 黃金得分....................................page 7

Penalties 罰則..................................................page 8

Kumi Kata 抓握..............................................page 8 & 9

Safety 安全.......................................................page 9 & 10

Throw and counter-attack 攻擊和反摔............page 10 & 11

Judogi 柔道衣...................................................page 12

World ranking points 世界排名........................page 12 &13

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SUMMARY OF THE NEW REVISED RULES 新/修訂規則摘要

Duration of contest • Men and women four (4) minutes. Respect for parity as wished by the IOC and contest time unity for the Olympic mixed team event. ※比賽時間： - 男子和女子四（4）分鐘。遵守國際奧委會希望的平等，且為了爭取男女混合團

體賽項目，所以將比賽時間的統一定為 4 分鐘。 Evaluation of the points • There will now only be Ippon and Waza-ari. • The value of Waza-ari includes those given for Yuko in the past. • The Waza-ari do not add up. Two Waza-ari are no longer the equivalent of one Ippon. ※給分要點： - 將只有一勝和半勝。 - 半勝包括過去給予有效的得分。 - 半勝不合計。兩個半勝不再是跟一勝有相同價值。 Immobilisations (Osae Komi) Waza-ari: 10 seconds Ippon: 20 seconds •壓制（Osae Komi）： 半勝(Waza-ari )10 秒。 一勝(Ippon )20 秒。 Technical score • In regular time (4 minutes), a contest can only be won by a technical score or scores (Waza-Ari or Ippon). • A penalty or penalties will not decide the winner, except for Hansokumake (direct or accumulate) • A penalty is never a score. ※技術得分： - 在常規比賽時間內(4分鐘)，選手只能由技術得分或分數獲勝（半勝或一勝）。 - 處罰不會決定勝負，除了犯規輸(直接或累計）之外。 - 懲罰絕對不是得分。

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Golden score • When both players have no technical score or the technical scores are equal at the end of the regular contest time, the contest shall continue in Golden Score regardless of shidos given. • Any existing score(s) and/or shido(s) from regular time are carried into the Golden Score period and will remain on the score board. • Any technical score given will immediately end the Golden Score period. • If a player receives a Shido in Golden Score he / she will lose the contest ONLY if he / she then has more Shidos than the opponent. ※黃金得分(如附圖說明)： - 在正規比賽時間結束，雙方沒有技術得分，或得分相同的情況下，不管是否有

被指導，比賽將繼續進入黃金得分。 - 正規比賽時間的任何現有得分和/或指導，需全部帶進黃金得分比賽，並保留在

計分板上。 - 任何技術得分將立即結束黃金得分比賽。。 - 如果一方選手在黃金得分賽時，得到指導，他/她將輸掉這場比賽(只有在他/她被指導的次數比對手較多的狀況)。

黃金得分 白方獲勝 黃金得分 白方獲勝

黃金得分 繼續 白方獲勝

黃金得分 繼續

藍方獲勝

繼續

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Penalties • There are now three Shido, instead of previously four. • The third Shido becomes Hansoku-make. To simplify the refereeing and its understanding some of the actions on how to grab the judogi, which were punished in the past, will no longer be penalized: pistol grip, pocket grip … •罰則： - 指導(Shido)只有三次，而不是以前的四次。 - 第三次指導(Shdo)即為犯規輸(Hansoku Make)。為了簡化裁判執行及理解，一些

在過去會有懲罰的抓握動作，將不再受到懲罰：如手槍抓握、口袋抓握等。 Kumi Kata • Unconventional Kumikata will be penalized, if there is no immediate attack. • Fingers inside the sleeve will still be penalized by shido. • Negative positions will be penalized by Shido, because they are against the spirit of judo (not searching for an attack, a defensive attitude etc…). • Recognizing the difficulty of preparing a throwing action, the time between Kumi-kata and making an attack is extended to 45 seconds. • Leg grabbing or grabbing the trousers, shall be penalized first by Shido and secondly by Hansoku-make. • Precision : Who wants to attack with bear hug must have a minimum one grip. It is not valid to make a second grip simultaneously. Only touching the judogi is not considered as kumikata, gripping is necessary. ※Kumi Kata(組方，搶手的位置)

- 不是正規的搶手的位置，如果沒有立即攻擊，將會被判處指導。

-手指進入對方袖口的抓握依然給予指導的處罰。

-消極的姿勢將受到指導的懲罰，因為他們違反柔道精神（沒有積極的攻擊、防禦

的態度等等...）。 - 我們知道準備攻擊到將對手摔倒的動作是有難度的，在抓握柔道衣(搶手的位置)後，到進行攻擊的時間延長到 45 秒。 - 抓握對方腰帶以下柔道衣(紮在腰帶裡面的部分)、腿部或抓對方褲子，第一次

給予指導，第二次為犯規輸。 -準確性：一方選手若欲以熊抱做攻擊前，至少要有一隻手抓握對方；在熊抱施術

後再去做抓握是無效的；只有碰到柔道衣不能算是 kumikata，抓握是必須要的。

熊抱者(Tori)施術前，無至少一手抓握對方之狀況：

例一：熊抱者在施術後，被對手以連續動作摔倒，則計為得分，熊抱者立即轉身

進入壓制動作(熊抱者在上為 Tori) >> Matte >> Shido 熊抱者。

例二：熊抱者(Tori)攻擊並將對手摔倒後，不計算得分 >>立即 Matte >> Shido

熊抱者。 8

Safety • The committee examined the rules with regard to safety to ensure that judo has as little trauma as possible. If Uke attempts to avoid landing on their back by any movement which is dangerous for the head, neck or spine, they shall be penalized with Hansoku-make. When a competitor intentionally falls into the bridge position to escape Ippon, the referee will not announce Ippon as in the past, but Hansoku Make for the competitor who intentionally fell. ※安全： - 委員會審查了有關安全的規則，以確保柔道運動會有最少的傷害，如果 Uke 試

圖避免背部著地而做出任何對頭部、頸部或脊椎有危險的動作，將受到犯規輸的

懲罰。 - 當一方選手以橋姿著地以逃避被對手獲得一勝，裁判不會像過去一樣宣布另一

方獲得一勝，但會給予橋姿著地的選手犯規輸的處罰。

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The competitor loses this contest, but can continue in the competition in applicable. 選手輸掉這場比賽，可以繼續參加該次比賽的場次。 • Anti judo will be immediately penalized as an act against the spirit of Judo. • In order not to give a bad example for young judokas, the landing on both elbows is considered valid and evaluated by Waza Ari. Landing on only one elbow is invalid and can not be used for assessment. - 做出違反柔道精神的行為將會立即受到懲罰。 - 為了不給年輕的柔道運動員壞的榜樣，雙肘的著地被認為是有效的並給予施術

者半勝的分數，著地時只有一個手肘是無效的，不足以用於評價得分。

Throw and counter-attack • In a case of attack and counter-attack the first competitor landing on their own body will be considered the loser. • If a score can be given, it will be assigned. • If the two athletes land together, no score will be given. • If an action is led by a competitor after the landing (Kaeshi-Waza), this action will not be counted. • Any action after landing will be considered as a Ne-Waza action. ※攻擊和反摔： - 在攻擊和反摔的情況下，身體先著地的一方將被認為是失分者。 如果可以給分，它將被指出給另一位。 - 如果兩個運動員同時著地，將被判定沒有得分。 - 如果一個動作是由一個運動員著地之後所作出的反摔技（Kaeshi-Waza），這個

動作將不會被列入得分。 - 著地後的任何動作將被考慮視為寢技。

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Judogi • For a better efficiency and to have a good grip it is necessary for the jacket to be well fitted in the belt, with the belt tied tightly. To reinforce that, the competitor shall arrange their Judogi and belt quickly between Mate and Hajime announced by the referee. • If an athlete intentionally loses time arranging his judogi and belt, he will receive Shido. ※柔道衣： - 為了更好的效率和良好的抓握需求，柔道衣必須很好地穿在在腰帶裡，腰帶要

綁得很緊。為了加強這一點，運動員應當在裁判宣布的暫停和開始之間，快速將

柔道衣整理好腰帶綁好。 - 如果運動員故意整理他的柔道衣和腰帶以浪費時間，他將會被指導。

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※ 團體世界排名

- 團體的世界排名積分由洲際錦標賽及世界杯計算。

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