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AES users manual and Case study ;Atmosphere (Typhoon) – Ocean
Interaction
第43回COE研究会 (The 43rd COE Research Seminar)
2007.12.21Han Soo LEE
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project,IDEC, Hiroshima University
Homepage for Research Project and Yamashita Lab.http://home.hiroshima-u.ac.jp/~takao52/index.htm
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Aisan Environment Simulator (AES)
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
AES is a coupled system of computer simulations for Meteorology, Physical Oceanography, Land Surface Vegetation, Hydrology, Estuary and Coastal Dynamics and Urban Environment, which is mainly made use of natural environmental assessment against human activities. (Yamashita et al., 2007)
AES : Water and heat circulation in environment in regional scale
Behaviour of Tracer gases and sediments in Environment
NCEP FNL from USA,ECMWF ERA40 from EU,JMA GPV from Japan,etc.
Data assimilation ;WINDAS,QUICKSAT,etc
Component models and their interactions
CouplerCoupler
Atmosphere(MM5)
Wind Waves(WW3, SWAN)
Ocean(MITgcm,
POM)
Estuary & Coast(ECOMSED,
CADMUS-SURF)
Land Surface & Dynamic Vegetation(SOLVEG)
Hydrology(HSPF)
Atmospheric and Terrestrial Circulation
InteractionData transfer
Atmospheric and Oceanic Circulation
Coastal circulation
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Atm: SLP, precipitation,evaporation,
heat flux, radiation, Wind-induced surface
stress
Ocn: SST
Wave: shear stress by wave
breakingOcn: SWL,
current
Atm: surface wind,
Wave: Surface
roughness
Atm: air pressure, radiation, precipitation, wind, air temp.,
humidityLand Surf.: surface temp., albeido, momentum-, heat-,
and vapo-flux
Land Surf.: soil water, surface runoff, precipitation &
evaporation in river River: soil water
variation, surface water variation,
Ocean & Atm. States :Surge, waves, currents, heat & vapor transfer,
Regional ocean circulation,Air circulation & structure
(Tropical Cyclone)
Land Surf. & River states: Rainfall, Runoff,
River flow
Coastal Problems : coastal circulation, sediment transport, wave overtopping, inundation.
1. Self-made coupler based on Massage
Passing Interface
2. Model coupling library (OASIS3)
based on MPI
Interaction in wind-wave-current;(in storm surge simulation)
Atmosphere(Wind,
Pressure)
Wind waves(White-cap,
Wave breaking)
Ocean(Surge, Current)
Tsurface
Tbr(whitecap)+Tbr(depth-induced)
u,v,η
Z 0Twav
e+
Tt
⎟⎟⎠
⎞⎜⎜⎝
⎛⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛∂∂
+⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛∂∂
=2
0
2
02)(z
U
z
Uz aat νκρτ
θθ
ρτ ∫ ∫ −− = dfd
fC
fSg capwhiteds
capwhitebr )(
),()()(
)(
)(
induceddepthbr
capwhitebr
surface
total
−
−
+
+
+=
γτ
βτ
ατ
τ
1010 UUCDasurface ρτ =∫= ωωρτ dFgc wwave )(1 &
Yamashita et al (2000)
(Stress by white-capping)
Jannsen (1982)
a
C c
u
u
gz⎟⎠⎞
⎜⎝⎛= *
2*
0 α
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
θθ
ρτ ∫ ∫ −− = dfd
fC
fSg induceddepthds
induceddepthbr )(
),()()(
EOS, 2005
Interaction in Atmosphere-Land Surface-Hydrology
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Coupler
Atmosphere (MM5)
Land Surface
(SOLVEG)
Hydrology (HSPF)
Simple ADV.-DIFF.
model
InteractionData transfer
Atm: Rainfall, Wind, air humidity,
Temperature, radiation
Atm: Wind field, Turbulent Kinetic Energy, length scale
Land Surf: interception, ET losses
Land surf.: CO2 fluxAdv-Diff: CO2 concentration
Atm: Radiation, Rain, Wind, Temp. Humidity, PressureLand Surf.: Skin Temperature, Albedo, Momentum flux, Heat flux, Moisture Flux
High Performance Linux Cluster (HPLC) system for AES
• 1. RCDE system
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Hardware :14nodes (1Head + 13 Computes)1node : P4 2GHz, 2Gb RAM, and so on
Software (OS & Compiler) :CentOS4.3, GNU Fortran, Intel Fortran 9.0,GNU C (gcc), Intel C/C++ compiler,MPICH-1.2.7, LAMMPI, OpenMPI,
NetCDF-3.6.2, GMT4.2,GrADS 1.9b4, FERRET6.0,etc.
Important Factor in cluster system :Network interface (10/100Mbps)
Head node(OS:CentOS)
Compute nodes
2. HSC.YIDEC system
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Hardware :9nodes (1Head + 8 Computes)1node : Xeon 3.4GHz 2CPUs, 4Gb RAM, and so on
Software (OS & Compiler) :CentOS4.2, GNU Fortran, Intel Fortran 9.0,GNU C (gcc), Intel C/C++ compiler,MPICH-1.2.7, LAMMPI,
NetCDF-3.6.1, GMT4.1,GrADS 1.9b4, FERRET6.0,etc.
Important Factor in cluster system :Network interface (1Gbps)
How much ?
Direct Access Storage (1.5TB) : 500,000 Yen
Quad-core 2CPUs, 16Gb RAM
(1,000,000x2=2,000,000 Yen)
Xeon 3.4Ghz 2CPUs, 4Gb RAM
(300,000x9=3,000,000 Yen)
Other peripherals (Rack, Monitor, ethernet
Switch, KVM switch,Power unit,
etc) :1,000,000Yen
Approximately 6,500,000Yen
+
+
+
||
AES manualResearch Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Any idea on the manual?We want your feedback!
Case Study of AES• Study of Typhoon-Ocean Interaction by
atmosphere-ocean coupled model• Current situation of typhoon and storm
surge simulations– Now- and Fore-cast of Typhoon track and
intensity• Atm-ocn coupled model (w/ Baroclinic ocean state)• Neglect the wind wave effects
– Storm surge simulation • (Atm)-wave-ocn coupled model (w/ wave-current
interaction• Barotropic ocean state
To improve the typhoon and storm surge simulations by
Atmosphere(MM5)
Wind waves(SWAN)
OceanCirculation(MITgcm)
Coupler(Regridding/
Interpolation)
U10,Surface pressure,
Heat flux,Precipitation
Surfaceroughness,
SST
U10,
Water
leve
l,
Curre
ntSu
rface
roug
hnes
s,
Radia
tion str
ess,
Whit
ecap
ping
stres
s
Whitecapping stress,
Surface pressure,
Heat flux,
Precipitation,
Radiation stress,
U10Water level,
Current,
SST
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
; atm-wave-ocn coupled model w/ wind wave effects and baroclinc ocean states
Typhoon-Ocean Interaction
• Ocean response• Typhoon response• Effects of Kuroshio Warm Currents (KWC)
on typhoon intensity
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Generation and development of
typhoon (SST > 26~27C)
Increment of evaporation rate due to
increase of wind stress
Increase of latent heat flux
driving the circulation of
typhoon
Increase of turbulent mixing by strong wind stress and local
convection
SST cooling by strong turbulent mixing
Decrease of typhoon
intensity by the SST cooling
Positive feedback Negative feedback
MM5Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
3D non-hydrostatic meso-scale atmospheric circulation model
by Penn. State Univ. and National Center for Atmospheric Research
Pre-processing
Post-processing;Data analysis and visualization
MM5MM5
MITgcm• General Circulation Model developed at MIT• Both atmospheric and oceanic circulation• Non-hydrostatic capability• Horizontal orthogonal curvilinear coordinate• Finite volume method for representing topography• Wide range physical parameterization• Versatile computing using flexible domain decomposition
Non-hydrostatic
Hydrostatic
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
– Typhoon ETAU (0310)• Three applications from 00:00Z 5th Aug. to 18:00Z
8th Aug. in 2003 1) atmosphere-alone (control) run, 2) ocean-alone (control) run and 3) atmosphere-ocean (coupled) run.
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Baroclinic Ocean State :Initial condition of Temperature and Salinity profiles JCOPE regional model data
Surface heat flux,Surface wind momentum flux,
Atmospheric pressure
Ocean(MITgcm)
Typhoon(MM5)
SSTDecrease
of SST
Decrease of heat flux,
precipitation
Coupler (OASIS3)
Numerical experiments
Typhoon-Ocean interaction
- T0310 (ETAU)• Experiments setup of ocean model
– 90-hrs simulations from 00:00UTC 5th Aug. to 18:00UTC 8th Aug. 2003
– GEBCO 1-min bathymetry– the largest domain of atmosphere model from 125E to 144E and
from 15N to 36N – 1/6゚ horizontal resolution – 26 vertical layers ( < 1.4) – vertical mixing processes
by the non-local K-profile parameterization – no-slip bottom and
free surface boundary condition • Simulation results
1) atmosphere-alone (non-coupled) run, 2) ocean-alone (non-coupled) run and
– Initial and Boundary condition : JCOPE data (T, S and current)
3) atmosphere-ocean (coupled) run
( 1) ( )dz k dz k+
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
(a)12 h (b)36 h
(c)60 h (d)84 h
Ocean response
Mixed-layer Currents
-Coupled run
Counterclockwise circulation in the front due to wind stress
Clockwise circulation in the wake due to inertial flow
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
(a)12 h (b)36 h
(c)60 h (d)84 h
Ocean response
Thermocline-layer Currents
-Coupled run
Weak infulence in thermocline currents due to ambient currents
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
A-A’
B-B’
36h
A A’
B
B’
Coupled Non-Coupled
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDECOcean response
Sea surface temperature – Coupled run Ocean response12h 36h
60h 84h
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Ocean response
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission(TRMM) satellite
Microwave Imager (radiometer)
Images(TMI 3-days mean SST)
5 Aug. 6 Aug.
7 Aug. 8 Aug.
No data by cloud cover
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
SST anomaly after 90hrs
8 August
Ocean response
Boundary condition
Initial condition
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Latent heat flux anomaly Sensible heat flux anomaly Typhoon response
36h
Track of T0310 and Computational domain
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Net heat flux :Latent + Sensible heat flux
Non-Coupled run : SST constant Coupled run : Variable SST
Typhoon response
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Non-coupled run : SST constant Coupled run : Variable SST
(a) (b) (c)
(a) (b)
Precipitation
(c)Equivalent Pontetial
Temperature
36h
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC Typhoon response
Effects of Kuroshio Warm Current
on typhoon intensity
940 hPa
950 hPa
960 hPa
970 hPa
980 hPa
990 hPa
0 h 10 h 20 h 30 h 40 h 50 h 60 h 70 h 80 h 90 h
Time
Typhoon ETAU
Min
imum
surf
ace p
ressure
Moved onto KuroshioMoved onto Kuroshio
LandfallLandfall
Observed pressureObserved pressureCoupled runCoupled run
84h
8 Aug.27.5 29.75
Simulation
TMI satellite observation
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC
Concluding Remarks• AES was established and now on its first
stage– AES manual and HPLC system are available
for our research• Case Studies of AES
– Typhoon-ocean interaction– Dam-lake hydrodynamics– Storm surge due to typhoon, hurricane and
cyclone– Rainfall in rainy season and Runoff and
Sediment transport from watershed– Atmospheric and terrestrial circulation in
Kapuas River basin– and so on …
Research Centre for Environment Simulator Project, IDEC