Aircraft Medres

7/30/2019 Aircraft Medres

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Fuel

Capacit

y

Fuel

Sy

stem

T

IP:

Som

eairplaneshavelongrangeand/ortiptanks.Makesureyouuse

the

correctusablefuelamountsfor

yourairplanesendurancecalcu-

latio

ns.

FuelCa

pacity

Total:

gal.Usable:

gal.

FuelSystem

Circlethetype(s

)offuelsystem(s)inyo

uraircraft:

Gravity-fed

PumpDriven

Fuel-injected

Carbureted


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FuelDrainsandLocations

NumberofDrains:

Locations

:

FuelTypea

ndWeight

Type(e.g.,avgas,jet):

Weight:

lb./gal.

Fuel

Typeand

Weight

Fuel

Dra

insand

Loc

ations


3/18

Oil

(Min./

Max./

Typ

e)

En

gine

(Make,

Model,HP,rpm)TIP

:

Enginemodelnumberscantellyoualot.Forexample,aC172Rhas

aLycomingIO-360eng

ine.TheImeansfuelinjecteda

ndtheO

meansthecylindersar

ehorizontallyopposed.The360

refersto

cubicinchesofdisplac

ement,describingthephysicalsizeofthe

engine.

Engine

Make:

Model:

Horsepowe

r:

Max.rpm:

O

il

Minimum:

Maximum:

Type:


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Electrical

System

Ma

gneto

C

heck

TIP:

Questiononhow

mag

netoswork?CheckouttheAOPA

AirSafetyFoundationsEngineandPropelleronlinecou

rseat

www.asf.org/courses.

MagnetoCheck

Runuprpm:

Max.rpmDrop

:

Max.DifferenceBetween

L

eftandRight

TIP:

Ele

ctricalcomponentamperageislis

tedonthefacesofthecircuit

bre

akers.TurningOFFthecomponen

tswiththelargestdraw

will

len

gthenthelifeofthebatteryfollow

inganalternatorfailure.

Electrica

lSystem

AlternatorVoltage:

BatteryVoltage:

AlternatorAmp

erage:

AbnormalIndicationsandWarnings:

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GPS

Comm

1and2

ELT

Nav

MarkerBeacons

Transponder

ADF

AntennaLocations

TIP:

Aircraftantennalocation

svarybasedontheaircraftmake

/modeland

equipmentinstalled.

TIP:

Thisisimportantwhenmaneuvering

theaircraftonthegroundwitha

tug

and/ortow

bar.Lookformarking

sonthenosewheelstrut,wheel

pan

t,orcowlingthatindicatetheste

eringlimit.Thisdoesnotapplyif

the

nosewheelisfreecastering.

Nosewhee

lSteering

Steerablethrough

degrees

or

FreeCa

stering

Sampleaircraftantennalocations.

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Nosewhe

el

Steering

An

tenna

Loc

ations


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TIP:

Maximum

rampweightusuallyincludestheweightoffuel

ne

ededtotaxiandcompletetherun

up.Thisiswhythemaxi-

mumrampweightmayexceedthe

maximum

takeoffweightin

thenormalcategory.

MaximumR

ampWeight

lb.

MaximumTakeoffWeight

lb.

VNE

-NeverExceedSpeed

TIP:

VNEisdenotedbytheredline.


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Maximum

Weights

V

NE


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VA-ManeuveringSpeed

AtMax.GrossWeight:

TIP:

VA

isthemaximum

speedatwhichyoumay

applyfullcontroldeflec

tionswithoutover-

stressingtheairplane.Itvarieswithweight.Pi-

lotsshouldflybelow

thisspeedinsevere

turbulence.

VNO-MaximumStruc

turalCruisingSpeed

T

IP:

VNO

isshownwherethegreenand

yellowarcsmeet.Itshouldnotbeexceeded

exceptinsmoothair.

NOTMARKED

SEEPOH

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VNO

VA


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VY

VXV

X-

BestAngleofClimb

TIP:

VX

deliversthegreatesta

ltitudegainover

agivendistance.

VY-BestRateofClimb

TIP:

VY

deliversthegreatestaltitudegain

overa

giv

enperiodoftime.

NOTM

ARKED

SEE

POH

NOTMARKED

SEEPOH


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TIP:

Flapoperatingrangeiss

hownontheairspeedindicatorb

ythe

whitearc.Often,thefirstflapextensionspeedisnotinclu

dedinthe

whitearc.

VFE-MaximumFlapExtensionSp

eed

Increment

Speed

TIP:

Thisisnotmarkedontheairsp

eed

indicatorandwillchangedepe

ndingon

thetakeoffprocedure.

VR-Rot

ationSpeed

Normal:

Short-field

:

Soft-field

:

NOTMARKED

SEEPOH

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VR

VFE


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VS1

V

SO

TIP:

VSO

isshownonthebottom

ofthe

whitearc.

Remember:VSO

=

StuffOut,which

meansgearandflaps

extended.

TIP:

VS

1isshownonthebottom

of

th

egreenarc.

R

emember:VS1=

StuffIn,wh

ich

m

eansgearandflapsretracted.

VSO-StallS

peedLandingConfigu

ration

0Bank

60Bank

VS1-StallS

peedClean

0Bank

60Bank


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TIP:

Memorizingproperpowersettingsandairspeedsfore

achsegment

oftheapproachwillh

elpstabilizetheapproachandla

nding.

Nor

malLandingProcedure

s

Leg

Pow

erSetting

FlapSetting

Airspeed

Crosswind:

Downwind:

Base:

Final:

NormalTakeo

ffProcedures

FlapSetting

:

RotationSpeed:

ClimbSpeed:

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Normal

Takeoff

Procedures

Normal

La

nding

Procedures


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Short-Field

Takeoff

Procedures

Sho

rt-Field

La

nding

Procedures

Short-FieldTake

offProcedures

FlapSetting:

RotationSpeed

:

ClimbSpeed:

FlapRetraction

:

TIP:

Theobjectiveoftheshort-fieldlandingistotransfertheaircrafts

weightfrom

thewingsto

wheelsassoonaspossible.Tou

ch

downasslowlyaspossible,whilesimultaneouslyapplyin

gmaximum

braking.

T

IP:

The

objectiveoftheshort-fieldlandingistotransitionfrom

the

takeoffrolltobest-angle-of-climbsp

eedasquickly,efficiently,and

safelyaspossible.Thisgenerallyme

ansusingminimalrunway

length,neutralelevatorforlow

drag,properflapsetting,and

avo

idingliftingofftoosoon.

Short-FieldLandingProcedures

Leg

Power

Setting

FlapSetting

Airspeed

Crosswind:

Downwind:

Base:

Final:


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Soft-F

ieldLandingProcedure

s

Leg

Powe

rSetting

FlapSetting

A

irspeed

Crosswind:

Downwind:

Base:

Final:

TIP:

D

ontforgetthesesoft-fieldtakeoff

techniques:Holdfullaftelevator

w

hiletaxiingintopositionandavoidunnecessarystoppingorbrakin

g.

A

fterrotation,remembertoflying

roundeffectuntilreachingthe

p

roperclimbspeed.Inmanylightgeneralaviationaircraftyoumay

n

eedtopushforwardontheyoke

tostayingroundeffectwhilebuild-

in

gupairspeed.

Soft-FieldTak

eoffProcedures

ClimbSpeed:

FlapSetting:

FlapRetraction:

(airspeedoraltitude)

TIP:

Theobjectiveofasoft-fieldlandingistohavethewingssupportthe

aircraft'sweightaslong

aspossible,whichhelpsminimizethechance

ofsinkinginthesoftsoil.Touchdownassoftlyaspossib

le,hold

thenosewheelofftheg

round,andavoidunnecessarybr

aking.

Youmayneedtoaddpowerintheflaretoavoidahardlanding.

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Soft-Fiel

d

Takeoff

Procedures

Soft-Field

La

nding

Procedures


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Maximum

Demonstrated

Crosswind

Componen

t

Bes

tGlide

Speed

TIP:

Mostlightgeneralaviatio

naircraftwillglide

abouttwomilesforevery1,000feetofalti-

tude.Usuallyyoullwant

toextendtheglideas

longaspossiblebystrictlymaintainingthe

bestglidespeedandkee

pingtheaircrafts

configurationclean(e.g.,gearandflapsup,

featheredprop).

BestGlideSpeed

TIP:

T

hisisthemaximum

crosswindin

whichtheaircraftwas

testedduringcertification.Althoug

hitisnottechnicallya

limitation,itshouldbetreatedaso

ne.

Max.Demonstrated

CrosswindComponent

NOTMARKED

S

EEPOH


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EmergencyProcedures:EngineFa

ilure

MemoryItems:

T

IP:

Evenifanaircrafthasdeiceoranti-iceequipment,itmaynotbecerti-

fied

forflightintoknownicingconditi

ons.Infact,few

lightgeneralavi-

ationaircrafthavethiscertification.

TypesofO

perations

Night

Yes

No

IFR

Yes

No

KnownIcing

Yes

No

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Typeso

f

Operations

Emerge

ncyProcedures:

En

gine

Fa

ilure


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EmergencyProcedures:

EngineFi

re

onStart

Emerge

ncyProcedures:

EngineFire

in

FlightEm

ergencyPr

ocedures:EngineFireinFlight

MemoryItems:

EmergencyProcedures

:EngineFireonStart

Memory

Items:


17/18

TIP:

Duetolackofanti-ordeiceequipment,mostlightgeneralaviationaircraftare

notapprovedforflightinto

icingconditions.Iftheaircraftisnot

equippedand

certifiedforicing,youMUSTexiticingconditionsimmediately.Ifyouhavean

inadvertenticingencounte

rinanaircraftwithoutwindshieldanti-ice,adjust

thedefrostersettingtopro

videmaximum

heattohelpkeepaportionofthe

windshieldclear.Turnoffthecabinheat,ifthatwillprovidemoreheattothe

windshield.

Formoreinformation,visit

www.asf.org/advisorsandselectthe

AircraftIcing

SafetyAdvisor,andtaketh

eWeatherWise:PrecipitationandIc

ing

onlinecourseatwww.asf.o

rg/courses.

Em

ergencyProcedures:

Inadv

ertentIcingEncounter

TIP:

Electricalfiresareusuallysmelledlon

gbeforetheyareseen.

EmergencyProcedures

:ElectricalFireinFligh

t

MemoryItems: 1

.FOLD

HERE

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EmergencyProced

ures:

Electrical

Fire

inFlight

Emerge

ncyProcedures:

Inadvertent

Icing

Enc

ounter


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EmergencyProcedures:

Spin

Recover

y

www

.asf.org

TheAOPAAirSafetyF

oundationisdedicatedtomaking

flyingeasier

andsaferforgeneralaviationpilots.Forinformationonfreelive

seminars,onlinecours

es,andprintmaterialsvisitwww.asf.org.

www.asf.org

TIP:

Somepilotscommittomemoryth

ePARED

acronym,which

meansPower-reduce,Ailerons-ne

utral,Rudder-fullopposite,

E

levator-forwardtobreakthestall

,andDive-recover.

SpinRecovery

Memo

ryItems:

Edition23-09403002

Documents

Aircraft Medres