Alhamdulillah Selesai Reviewed

7/24/2019 Alhamdulillah Selesai Reviewed

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OPERATOR & TECHNICIAN TRAINING PROGRAMTOTAL E & P INDONESIE

APPROVAL SHEET

Title : Operation And Maintenance Of Centrifual Pu!p

"# : Gilan Adit#a

Na!e of Trainin : Operator Tec$nician Prora! "atc$ % Mec$anical' Total

E&P Indone(ie

T$i( )or* Paper $a( +een appro,ed in -..!ont$'-. /012

Appro,ed +# :

Ad,i(or3 Enli($ Corrector3

Toto* )idi#anto ' Luita #u(nia4ati D3 S.Pd.'

NIP 156708/015580%1001 NIP 159%0612/00901/015

Cour(e Leader3

Rinto Parnaed# A.Md'

NIP 15720619/006081019

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PREFACE

All prai(e and ratitude for t$e pre(ence of GOD Al!i$t# 4$o $a(

i,en of ift( and +le((in(3 (o t$at Paper entitled Centrifual Co!pre((or

S#(te! can +e fini($ed. Co!po(in t$i( paper i( one part of a 4$ole (erie( of

acti,itie( $eld +# Total E & P Indone(ie on education and trainin prora!(

Operator Trainin Prora! "atc$ 8 $eld in Cepu Oil and Ga( P;SDI


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In petroleu! indu(tr#3 t$e pu!p $a( an

i!portant function in (upportin oil production. T$e

e>i(tence of pu!p i( a+(olutel# needed. Oil !o,in can+e $andled +# pu!p. Centrifual i( one *ind off non@po(iti,e di(place!ent

pu!p(3 4$ic$ u(e( i!peller to !o,e liuid and add( t$e ener# into liuid flo4

in pipeline(.

In t$e operation of centrifual pu!p34e can arrane in (erie( or parallel.

T$e (erie( operation i( u(ed to et $i$ pre((ure $ead'3 and parallel (erie(

to et to et $i$ capacit#.

Ri$t (tep of t$e operation 4ill pre,ent t$e euip!ent fro! da!ae. T$e

+a(ic centrifual !aintenance li*e pre,enti,e3 predicti,e3 correcti,e and

+rea*do4n !aintenance( and t$e trou+le($ootin in centrifual i( al(o needed

to *eep euip!ent operate in opti!u! perfor!ance.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

APPROBAL SHEETi

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PREACE ii

A"STRACT iii

TA"LE O CONTENTS i,LIST O IG;RES ,i

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION 1

1.1"ac*round 1

1./ O+?ecti,e( /

1.% Scope of Di(cu((ion /

1.8 )ritin (#(te! /

CHAPTER II BASIC THEORY %

/.1 Definition of Pu!p %

/./ Cla((ification of Pu!p %

/.% "a(ic Principle of Centrifual Pu!p 8

/.8 T#pe of Centrifual Pu!p 2

/.2 Co!ponent( Centrifual Pu!p 6

/.6 S#(te! in Centrifual Pu!p 1%

/.7 Ad,antae( and Di(ad,antae( of Centrifual Pu!p 18

/.9 Safet# De,ice in Centrifual Pu!p 12

CHAPTER III OPERATION,MAINTENANCE AND TROUBLESHOOTING OF

CENTRIFUGAL PUMP 16

%.1 Operation 16

%.1.1 Pre@(tart c$ec* 16

%.1./ Start@up procedure 17

%.1.% Operation condition c$ec*( 19

%.1.8 Stop procedure 19

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%.1.2 Pri!in centrifual pu!p 19

%./ Maintenance 15

%./.1 Pre,enti,e !aintenance /0

%././ Predicti,e !aintenance //

%./.% Correcti,e !aintenance /%

%./.8 "rea*do4n !aintenance /%

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION /2

REFERENCES /6

LIST OF FIGURES

iure 1 Po(iti,e Di(place!ent Pu!p.................................................................%

iure / Non Po(iti,e Di(place!ent Pu!p.........................................................8

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iure % Centrifual Pu!p.............................................................2

iure 8 Pu!p Ani!ation...............................................................2

iure 2 Pu!p Ani!ation....................................................................................6iure 6 Pu!p in T$e ield.................................................................................7

iure 7 Ca(in....................................................................................................9

iure 9 Diffu(er..................................................................................................9

iure 5 Stuffin "o>...........................................................................................5

iure 10 )earin rin........................................................................................5

iure 11 T#pe( of I!peller................................................................................11

iure 1/ S$aft Slee,e......................................................................................1/

iure 1% "all and (lee,e "earin.....................................................................1/

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

I.1 Backgrou!

Pu!p( are euip!ent t$at i( 4idel# u(ed in oil and a( co!pan#3 to

(upport a proce(( and to tran(fer a liuid t$rou$ t$e pipeline. T$ere are !an#

*ind( of pu!p( t#pe( a,aila+le. A centrifual pu!p i( t$e !o(t co!!on u(ed

t$an ot$er. Se,eral rea(on( of a centrifual pu!p to +eco!e !o(tl# u(ed in oil

and a( co!pan# are:

a. Centrifual pu!p relati,el# $a( a (i!ple con(truction +ecau(e it $a(

le(( !o,in

+. ;nifor!it# of !otion 4$ic$ i( continuou( 4it$ little or no periodic

,ariation in t$e rate of flo4 and pre((ure

c. Great relia+ilit# of operation and ea(# to !aintain

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d. S!all (ie due to t$eir $i$ (peed'3 4$ic$ !ean

reuire le(( roo!

e. Self lu+ricatin of t$e ru++in ele!ent( in(ide t$e pu!p +# t$e liuidf. Lo4 in,e(t!ent and !aintenance co(t for $i$ capacit# pu!pin

Durin t$e operation of centrifual pu!p3 it i( i!portant to !aintain

relia+ilit# of pu!p in order to et t$e opti!u! operation re(ult. So3 t$e pu!p

!aintenance (trate# !u(t plan not onl# for *eepin t$e euip!ent in opti!u!

relia+ilit# +ut al(o ettin t$e effecti,e and efficient 4a# for !aintenance. Good

!aintenance 4ill increa(e life ti!e of euip!ent and pre,ent it fro!

+rea*do4n.

Man# ca(e( $appen 4$ile t$e centrifual pu!p.

I." O#$%c&'(%)

T$e o+?ecti,e( of t$i( paper are :

a.To de(cri+e t$e 4or*in principle of centrifual pu!p.

+.To *no4 t$e +a(ic operation of centrifual pu!p.

c.To *no4 t$e !aintenance of centrifual pu!p.

I.* Sco+% o D')cu))'o

T$i( paper i( focu(ed on +a(ic principle3 (#(te! in pu!p3 eneral operation3

and !aintenance of centrifual pu!p.

I.- r'&'g S/)&%0

T$e 4ritin (#(te! t$i( paper i( :

a. C$apter I Introduction

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T$i( c$apter e>plain( a+out t$e

+ac*round3o+?ecti,e3li!itation and t$e 4ritin

(#(te! of t$i( paper.

+. C$apter II "a(ic T$eor#T$i( C$apter e>plain( a+out +a(ic principle3 !ain co!ponent(3 (#(te! and

t$e ad,antae( and di(ad,antae( of centrifual pu!p.c. C$apter III Operation and Maintenance of Centrifual Pu!p.

T$i( C$apter e>plain( a+out t$e ri$t 4a# of operation and !aintenance of

Centrifual Pu!p.d. C$apter IB Conclu(ion

T$i( C$apter e>plain( a+out t$e conclu(ion of t$i( paper +a(ed on t$e

operation and !aintenance of centrifual pu!p.

CHAPTER II

BASIC TEORY

II.1 D%''&'o o Pu0+

Pu!p i( a rotatin !ac$ine t$at i( u(ed to !o,e liuid fro! onepalce to anot$er place t$rou$ a !edia of pipe pipe line' +# increa(in

ener# in(ide t$e liuid t$at i( !o,ed and $appen( continuou(l#.

Centrifual pu!p i( a *ind of pu!p 4$ic$ 4or*( +# c$anin t$e

*inetic ener# ,elocit#' of t$e liuid into potential ener# pre((ure' +#

t$e ca(in ($ape ,olute' or diffu(er.

II." Ca))''ca&'o o Pu0+

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F'gur% 1 Po)'&'(% D')+ac%0%& Pu0+

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F'gur% " No Po)'&'(% D')+ac%0%& Pu0+

II.* Ba)'c Pr'c'+% o C%&r'uga Pu0+

Centrifual pu!p i( one t#pe of pu!p t$at increa(e( t$e ener# of

liuid +# con,ertin t$e *inetic ener# to t$e pre((ure.In centrifual

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pu!p3 t$e ener# re(ult fro! rotation of

i!peller3ener# fro! t$e pri!e !o,er i( u(ed

+# t$e ($aft to rotate t$e i!peller3 t$e rotation of i!peller cau(e( t$ecentrifual force. T$e centrifual force !a*e( t$e liuid co!in fro! t$e

e#e of i!peller 4$ic$ i( (ited in t$e ca,it# +et4een t$e ,ane rotate t$en

t$ro4 out +# t$e centrifual force into t$e radial direction. In t$e

i!peller 3t$e ,elocit# of liuid increa(e(.T$e liuid t$ro4( out into t$e

,olute ca(in3 a( t$e liuid enter( t$e ,olute3 t$e ,elocit# decrea(e( t$en

it i( con,erted into pre((ure ener#.

T$e I!peller increa(e t$e ,elocit# of t$e liuid t$en it i( con,erted+# t$e ,olute ca(in into t$e pre((ure ener# 3 it !ean( t$at t$e

differential pre((ure de,eloped acro(( t$e Centrifual pu!p i( t$e re(ult

of con,ertin t$e *inetic ener# into t$e pre((ure ener# not +# t$e

c$anin t$e ,olu!e.

F'gur% * C%&r'uga Pu0+

II.- T/+% o C%&r'uga Pu0+

Centrifual pu!p can +e cla((ified +a(ed on :

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a. "a(ed on flo4

A>ial lo4

Radial lo4

Mi>ed lo4+. "a(ed on (tae

Sinle Stae

Multi (tae

c. "a(ed on (uction (ide of i!peller

Sinle Suction

Dou+le Suction

d. "a(ed on ($aft po(ition

Horiontal S$aft

Bertical S$aft

e. "a(ed orientation of ca(e@(plit A>ial Split

Radial Split

f. "a(ed on +earin (upport

O,er$un

"et4een "earin

II.2 Co0+o%&) C%&r'uga Pu0+

A centrifual pu!p $a( t4o !ain co!ponent( :

a. A (tationar# co!ponent (tatic part'

+. A rotatin co!ponent d#na!ic part'

T$e eneral co!ponent(3 +ot$ (tationar# and rotar#3 are depicted in iure

Pu!p Ani!ation. T$e !ain co!ponent( are di(cu((ed in +rief +elo4. iure

Pu!p in t$e field ($o4( t$e(e part( on a p$otorap$ of a pu!p in t$e field.

7

F'gur% - Pu0+ A'0a&'oF'gur% 2 Pu0+ A'0a&'o


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F'gur% 3 Pu0+ ' T4% F'%!

".2.1 S&a&'o%r/ Co0+o%&

Stationer# Co!ponent at centrifual pu!p con(i(t of :

a. "a(e plate and fra!eT$e function of +a(e plate and fra!e i( to (upport pu!p. or pu!p t$atdirect coupled 4it$ pri!e !o,er 3 t$e pu!p and pri!e !o,er (ited in one +a(e

plate or fra!e

+. Ca(in

Ca(in $a( !an# function( a( follo4(:

To protect all rotatin part

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Mountin of uide ,ane and diffu(er3inlet and outlet

nole

Place t$at i,e( t$e direction of flo4 of t$e i!peller and t$e fluid ,elocit#

con,ert ener# into d#na!ic ener# (inle (tae'.

F'gur% 5 Ca)'g

c. Diffu(er

Diffu(er u(ed for reulate flo4 of liuid to ,olute (pace for (inle (tae' 3 or to

ne>t (tae for !ulti(tae pu!p'3 and c$ane *inetic ener# into potential

ener#.

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F'gur% 6 D'u)%r

d. Stuffin "o>

Stuffin "o> (er,e( to pre,ent lea*( in t$e area 4$ere t$e ($aft penetrate( t$e

pu!p ca(in.

e. )earin rin

)earin rin i( !ounted in ca(in and i!peller. T$e !ain function i( to

decrea(in t$e lea*ae of liuid t$rou$ t$e front and +e$ind i!peller.It 4or*(

+# decrea(in t$e clearance +et4een ca(in and i!peller.T$i( rin i( relati,el#

econo!icall# +ecau(e it could replaced 4it$ t$e ne4 one or repaired 4$en it i(

+ro*en.

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F'gur% 7 S&u'g Bo8


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T$e t#pe( and con(truction of 4earin rin depend on

1' T#pe of liuid $andled.

/' Difference pre((ure t$at pa((e( t$rou$ t$e clearance +et4een rin(.

%' Critical ,elocit#.

II.2." Ro&ar/ Co0+o%&

Rotar# co!ponent at centrifual pu!p con(i(t of :

a. I!peller

I!peller i( t$e !ain co!ponent( of centrifual pu!p. It pro,ide( an e>tra

ener# into liuid a( *inetic ener#.

T$ere are t$ree t#pe( of i!peller u(ed in centrifual pu!p:

1' Open I!peller

11

F'gur% 19 %ar'g r'g


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ro! t$e i!peller $u+ 3 t$e ,ane( e>tend radial#3

4it$out ($round( or co,er plate(.it $a( 4or(t

efficiencie( t$an t$e ot$er t#pe( and it i( (uita+le for liuid containin a lot of(cale.

/' Se!i Clo(ed i!peller

Bane( e>tend radiall# fro! t$e $u+3+ut one (ide $a( a co,er plate. It $a(

!iddle efficiencie( and it i( (uita+le for pu!pin liuid t$at contain( a lot of

(cale(.

%' Clo(ed I!peller

ro! t$e i!peller $u+3 t$e ,ane( radial e>tend( 4it$ co,er plate(.T$e

,ane( +et4een t4o plate are ?oined a( one unit(.T$i( i!peller $a( +etter

efficiencie( t$an t$e ot$er t#pe( and (uita+le for pu!pin clean liuid or t$at

containin a fe4 (cale(.

F'gur% 11 T/+%) o I0+%%r

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+. S$aft

S$aft $a( (e,eral function 3(uc$ a(:

1' To for4ard torue of t$e pri!e !o,er for t$e pu!p operate(.

/' Continuin po4er of t$e !otor.

%' A( !ountin all rotatin co!ponent(

c. S$aft Slee,e

T$e function of ($aft (lee,e3t$ere are:

1' To protect t$e ($aft fro! ero(ion 3 corro(ion34ear and tear on t$e (tuffin

+o>.

/' A( a ?oint lea*ae 3 internal +earin and inter(tae or di(tance (lee,e.

F'gur% 1" S4a& S%%(%

d. "earin

T$e function of t$e +earin of a centrifual pu!p are:

1' To (upport t$e ($aft carr#in one !ore i!peller(.

/' To allo4 t$e ($aft to rotate 4it$ a !ini!u! of friction.

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%' To *eep t$e rotatin ($aft and i!peller in correct

po(ition 4it$in t$e (tationar# part( of t$e

pu!p.Pu!p +earin( can +e de,ided into t4o +a(ic t#pe(: Slee,e and ($ell+earin(3 and +all and roller +earin(.

II.3 S/)&%0 ' C%&r'guga

Pu0+

II.3.1 Lu#r'ca&'o S/)&%0

An# rotatin !ec$anical co!ponent need a lu+rication 3 +all +earin3

roller +earin3 +earin +u($...'3 reuire( appropriate lu+rication in order to

4or* properl#.

Ot$er4i(e3 o,er$eatin3 e>ce((i,e 4ear3 (eiin and e,en loc*in 4ill

occur.

T$ere are t4o di(tinct t#pe( of lu+ricant(: rea(e and oil.

a. Grea(e lu+rication i( re(er,ed for +earin(. It i( u(ed for lo4 po4er

pu!p(. Grea(e con(u!ption i( ,er# lo43 +ut it need( to +e topped up

fro! ti!e to ti!e. An# e>ce(( rea(e +allin' lead( to o,er$eatin

4$ic$ !a# cau(e deterioration.+. Oil lu+ricationi( t$e !o(t co!!on on Fproce(( pu!p(.

Bariou( lu+rication (#(te!( are u(ed:

Oil +at$

14

F'gur% 1* Ba a! )%%(% B%ar'g


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orced circulation

II.3." Coo'g S/)&%0

If t$e pu!ped product i( 4ar!3 it !a# +e nece((ar# to:

Cool t$e pac*in +od#.

Cool t$e +earin $ou(in.

Cool t$e +a(e .

Cool t$e (ealin liuid.

II.3.* S%a'g )/)&%0

A pu!p( function i( to rai(e t$e pre((ure of a liuid. T$e

pre((uri(ed liuid contained in t$e pu!p !a# lea* to t$e at!o(p$ere

alon t$e ($aft. T$i( lea* 4ill +e eli!inated or reduced u(in (tatic (eal

or d#na!ic (eal.

T#pe( of (ealin are co!!onl# u(ed in centrifual pu!p i(:

Static (eal : O@Rin and Ga(*et

D#na!ic : Mec$anical Pac*in and Mec$anical Seal

II.5 A!(a&ag%) a! D')a!(a&ag%) o C%&r'uga Pu0+

II.5.1 A!(a&ag%) o C%&r'uga Pu0+

It( flo4 i( continuou(l#. T$e# dont reuire an# ,al,e(.

uiet operation(.

T$e# $a,e relati,el# (!all (pace and 4ei$t reuire!ent( in relation to

t$rou$put. Lo4 in,e(t!ent and !aintenance co(t for $i$ capacit# pu!pin.

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Sta+le and $i$ flo4rate.

II.5." D')a!(a&ag%) o C%&r'uga Pu0+.

Hi$ ,i(cou( liuid( are not $andled 4ell.

T$e# are not (elf pri!in.

Cant produce $i$ pre((ure..

II.6 Sa%&/ D%('c%

(afet# de,ice in centrifual pu!p ai!( for i,e indi*ator a condition of pu!p

and *eep a pu!p runnin in opti!u! condition.T$e follo4in (afet# euip!ent

i( enerall# u(ed 4it$ pu!p(3 and !ore (pecificall# 4it$ centrifual pu!p(:

a. A lo4@pre((ure (uction tran(!itter protection aain(t ca,itation'3+. A $i$@pre((ure outlet tran(!itter3c. A te!perature (en(or on t$e pu!p +od# if nece((ar#3d. A te!perature (en(or on t$e +earin(3e. A ,i+ration (en(or3f. Lea* protection on t$e pac*in3

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CHAPTER III

OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE

OF CENTRIFUGAL PUMP

III.1 O+%ra&'o

All pro,i(ion to operate t$e could follo4 t$e in(truction fro! pu!p t$e

!anufactured or fro! t$e SOP Standard operatin Procedure' 4$ic$ i( !ade

+a(ed on t$e condition of operation.

Incorrect operation of centrifual pu!p could re(ult pu!p da!ae

do4nti!e and a,oida+le repair 4or*. T$ere are (e,eral (tep in procedure to

operate t$e centrifual pu!p:

a. Pre@c$ec*ed +efore operation+. Start up procedurec. operation condition c$ec*(d. Stop Procedure

III.1.1 Pr%:)&ar& c4%ck

It i( nece((ar# to c$ec* t$e pu!p +efore (tartin t$e pu!p3 t$ere are (e,eral

procedure to pre@c$ec* +efore t$e operation:

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a. C$ec* (uction line and re(er,oir : T$ere 4ill +e a

pro+le! 4$en re(er,oir and (uction line are

cloed. Special attention i( nece((ar# to t$e pu!p t$at u(e( !ec$anical(eal.

+. C$ec* electrical in(tallation: c$ec* t$e electrical line(3 circuit +rea*er and

ca+le connection.c. C$ec* t$e alin!ent: alin!ent of pu!p ($aft and t$e pri!e !o,er ($aft

($ould +e c$ec*ed to a,oid ,i+ration( and ($aft deflection.d. C$ec* t$e lu+ricatin oil: !a*e (ure t$at t$e lu+ricatin oil and rea(e are

enou$ in uantit# and ood condition(.e. S$aft rotation c$ec*: t$e ($aft can +e rotated +# $and and t$e rotation i(

(!oot$f. C$ec* t$e direction of rotation: !a*e (ure t$e direction of t$e pu!p rotation

i( t$e (a!e a( t$e direction of pri!e !o,er rotation.. Di(c$are ,al,e $andlin: in centrifual pu!p t$e di(c$are ,al,e ($ould

+e clo(ed +efore t$e (tart up.$. Pri!in: t$e centrifual pu!p ($ould pri!ed +efore (tartin t$e pu!p3 it i(

done +# fillin t$e (uction line until full 4it$ liuid and no air trapped.i. C$ec* t$e au>iliar# euip!ent.

III.1." S&ar& u+ +roc%!ur%

T$ere are (e,eral eneral (tep( to (tart up centrifual pu!p:

a. Open t$e (uction ,al,e (lo4l# until it i( full# open.+. Start t$e pri!e !o,er3 if it i( included ,aria+le (peed dri,e3 (tart 4it$ lo4

(peed t$en increa(e (lo4l# until it( reac$e( t$e nor!al (peed.c. )ait for a 4$ile until it reac$e( nor!al pre((ure.

d. Open t$e di(c$are ,al,e (lo4l# until nor!al condition operation.e. C$ec* t$e critical part.f. If t$ere i( an a+nor!al condition li*e (ound or ,i+ration3 (top t$e pri!e

!o,er t$en c$ec* aain for trou+le($ootin.

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III.1.* O+%ra&'o co!'&'o c4%ck)

a. C$ec* t$e ,aria+le operation li*e pre((ure3 te!perature3 flo4 rate and

pri!e !o,er rp!.+. Mano!eter and a!pere !eter o+(er,ation: t$e (uction and t$e di(c$are

pre((ure ($ould +e t$e (a!e a( calculated pre((ure +efore and could not

+e fluctuated. T$e a!pere con(u!ed +# t$e pu!p ($ould +e under or le((

t$an a!pere (pecification at !otor na!e plate.If t$e a!pere i( fluctuated3 it

!ean( an# pro+le!( occur at t$e pu!p.c. Bi+ration and noi(e c$ec*: !a*e (ure t$ere i( no o,er ,i+ration fro! t$e

pu!p3 u(e ,i+ro!eter for accurate ,i+ration !ea(ure!ent. )$en noi(e and

o,er ,i+ration appear3 it !ean( (o!e co!ponent( are in trou+le.d. C$ec* t$e cooler and t$e coolin (#(te!.e. C$ec* lu+ricant and lu+ricatin (#(te!.f. Lea*ae c$ec*: nor!al condition $appen( if t$ere i( no lea*ae detected

+# na*ed e#e( ,ie4.

III.1.- S&o+ +roc%!ur%

a. ull# clo(ed t$e di(c$are ,al,e.+. Stop t$e pri!e !o,er3 if it u(e( ,aria+le (peed control3 decrea(e t$e (peed

until it (top.c. ull# clo(ed t$e (uction ,al,e.

III.1.2 Pr'0'g c%&r'uga +u0+

;nli*e t$e di(place!ent pu!p3 centrifual pu!p cannot (tart and pri!e

it (elf. So +efore operatin t$e centrifual pu!p3 it need( to +e pri!ed.

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)$en a pu!p i( fir(t put into (er,ice3 it(

pa((ae4a#( are filled 4it$ air. If t$e (uction (uppl#

i( a+o,e at!o(p$eric pre((ure3 t$i( air 4ill +e trapped in t$e pu!p andco!pre((ed 4$en t$e (uction ,al,e i( opened.T$e purpo(e of pri!in i(

acco!pli($ed +# ,entin t$e entrapped air out of t$e pu!p t$rou$ a ,al,e

pro,ided.

III." Ma'&%ac%

Maintenance i( t$e act of t$e !aintainin or t$e (tate of +ein !aintained and

to *eep (o!et$in in proper condition. It i( ,er# i!portant to pre,ent (eriou(

da!ae fro! t$e operation of pu!p3 a ood !aintenance could detect

a+nor!al condition earl# to a,oid furt$er da!ae. T$e purpo(e( of

!aintenance are :

a. Opti!u! operatin condition+. Pre,ent (e,ere da!ae (uddenl#c. Ma>i!u! utiliation of !aintenance re(ourced. E>tend t$e life of t$e pu!p%. Mini!u! (pare( in,entor#

T$e *ind( of !aintenance of centrifual pu!p area. Pre,enti,e !aintenance

#. Predicti,e !aintenancec. Correcti,e !aintenance!. "rea* do4n !aintenance

III.".1 Pr%(%&'(% 0a'&%ac%

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Pre,enti,e !aintenance ta(*( are intended to pre,ent un(c$eduled do4nti!e

and pre!ature euip!ent da!ae t$at 4ill re(ult in correcti,e or repair

acti,itie(. Pre,enti,e !aintenance i( !anaed +a(ed on ti!e. It i( u(uall#

called ti!e +a(ed !aintenance. Generall#3 pre,enti,e !aintenance of

centrifual pu!p con(i(t( of:

a. Dail# in(pection

T$ere are (e,eral acti,itie( of dail# in(pection for centrifual pu!p:

1' C$ec* te!perature of (tuffin +o> and pu!p ca(in t$at i( (till per!itted i(

not !ore t$an %0oc pu!ped liuid te!perature.

/' Suction pre((ure and di(c$are pre((ure indication at !ano!eter ($ould

+e read'3 T$e di(c$are pre((ure and t$e (uction pre((ure !u(t +e appropriate

or approac$ t$e fi>ed ,alue +efore and ($ould not +e fluctuated a+nor!all#. Ift$ere i( a (trane !aterial cloed t$e pu!p3 t$ere i( air +indin or capitation3

t$e pre((ure 4ill drop or +e fluctuated a+nor!all#.

%' C$ec* lea*ae fro! pac*in ,i(ual in(pection'

8' T$e lea*ae fro! (tuffin +o> !u(t drop t$e liuid 4$o(e t$e a!ount i( not

!ore t$an 0.2 c!%J( +ut if !ec$anical (eal i( u(ed3 it i( for+idden to lea*ae'

2' Electrical current indication at a!pere !eter'. T$e electrical current t$at i(

u(ed !u(t +e lo4er t$an no!inal ,alue at na!e plate.

7' C$ec* oil lu+rication le,el at t$e (tuffin +o> and rotation of oil rin.

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9' T$e lu+ricatin oil ($ould +e c$ec*ed and t$e oil

rin !u(t +e a+le to rotate nor!all#.

5' C$ec* and ti$ten +olt and nut and ot$er ?oint connected 4it$ pu!p.

+. Mont$l# in(pection.

1' C$ec* t$e +earin te!perature and c$ec* t$e te!perature t$at i( reuired3 if

an# trou+le occur(3 c$ec* t$e! i!!ediatel#.

/' C$ec* t$e alin!ent +et4een t$e pu!p ($aft and t$e !otor ($aft.

c. %@ Mont$l# in(pection

1' Oil c$ane in t$e (tuffin +o>3 +earin(.

/' Grea(e in(pection ($ould +e c$aned if 4or(en'

%' C$ec* and !aintain 4earin rin i!peller tolerance 4it$ rin ca(in.

d. 6@ Mont$l# in(pection

1' C$ec* pac*in and ($aft (lee,e3 if t$ere i( a (cratc$ +ecau(e of 4earin out3

pac*in and ($aft (lee,e ($ould +e c$aned.

/' C$ec* condition +et4een pu!p ($aft and pri!e !o,er ($aft. If t$e

alin!ent ($o4( de,iation out of (pecification3 it ($ould +e realined.

e. Annuall# in(pection

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1' C$ec* t$e corro(ion of t$e pu!p part t$at !o,e(

or rotate(3 e(peciall# t$e clearance at t$e 4earin

rin.

/' C$ec* t$e corro(ion in(ide of t$e pu!p ca(in3if needed3 c$ec* t$ic*ne((

for t$e pre,entin.

8' C$ec* alin!ent of t$e pu!p ($aft 4$en t$e pu!p $a( +een di(a((e!+led.

2' C$ec* i(olation of t$e !otor

f.O,er$aul

or o,er$aul3 it i( needed to open up t$e pu!p3 c$ec* t$e pu!p part3 repair or

e>c$ane t$e pu!p part and rein(tall t$e pu!p +# follo4in t$e uidance and

t$e procedure fro! !anufacture3 after t$at t$e pu!p need( to +e te(ted

III."." Pr%!'c&'(% 0a'&%ac%

Predicti,e !aintenance i( !anaed +a(ed on condition !onitorin condition

+a(ed !aintenance'. "# condition c$ec*3 4e can *no4 t$e proce(( condition

and failure (in( in operation condition. T$e predicti,e !aintenance include(:

a. Bi+ration in(pection

It i( done in !ultiple location( in t$e (#(te! to indicate t$at a failure $a(

alread# (tarted.

+. Heat t$er!al c$ec*

It i( u(uall# c$ec*ed in t$e (eal c$a!+er and +earin 4ear and +earin ca(e.

c. Noi(e in(pection

It i( to indicate ca,itation3 ru++in3 +ad +earin or (o!e a+nor!al condition.

d.flo4

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It (uppo(e( c$ec* t$e (tatu( of 4earin rin

e. Lea*ae and fuiti,e e!i((ion(

It i( done to c$ec* t$e (eal perfor!ance in +ot$ t$e (tufin +o> and +earin

ca(e location.

f. Po4er con(u!ption

It i( done to c$ec* t$e efficienc# of pu!p.

III.".* Corr%c&'(% 0a'&%ac%

Correcti,e !aintenance i( i!pro,e!ent a+out euip!ent condition T$e

i!pro,e!ent i( done for !odification. It i( !o(tl# i!portant in order to et t$e

+etter !aintenance +a(ed on e>perience of euip!ent.

III.".- Br%ak!o; 0a'&%ac%

T$e +a(ic p$ilo(op$# +e$ind t$e +rea*do4n !aintenance i( to allo4 t$e

!ac$ine to run to failure and onl# repair or replace da!ae euip!ent ?u(t

+efore t$e euip!ent co!e( to a co!plete (top."rea*do4n condition i( t$e!a>i!u! of enine operation li!it. Accordin to production and efficienc#

de!and3 t$e +rea*do4n !aintenance i( not loner c$o(en. Ti!e fra!e of

production proce(( t$at cau(e( una,aila+le de,ice 4ill !a*e product ualit#

decrea(in.

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CHAPTER IV

CONCLUSION

Centrifual pu!p i( one of t$e euip!ent t$at i( u(uall# u(ed in oil and

a( co!pan#. It( purpo(e i( to !o,e t$e liuid fro! one place to ot$er place.

T$e principal 4or* of centrifual pu!p i( to con,ert ener# of a pri!e !o,er a

electric !otor or tur+ine' fir(t into ,elocit# or *inetic ener# and t$en into

pre((ure ener# of a fluid t$at i( +ein pu!ped. T$e ener# ener# c$ane(

occur +# ,irtue of t4o !ain part( of t$e pu!p. T$e# are t$e i!peller and t$e

,olute or diffu(er. T$e i!peller i( t$e rotatin part t$at con,ert( fluid ener# into

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t$e *inetic ener#. T$e ,olute or diffu(er i( t$e

(tationar# part t$at con,ert( t$e *inetic ener# into

pre((ure ener#.

To operate centrifual pu!p +e(ide( 4e !u(t follo4 t$e SOP (tandard

Operatin Procedure'3 4e !u(t prepare pu!p condition and c$ec* (#(te! of

pu!p lu+rication3 coolin3 ,i+ration3 etc'. T$ere are t4o *ind( of operation

(#(te!( in centrifual pu!p. ir(t i( (erie( operation to ain !ore $ead

pre((ure' and t$e (econd i( parallel operation to ain !ore capacit# de+it'

To !aintain condition of centrifual pu!p at opti!u! perfor!ance3 a

ood !aintenance i( needed. T$ere are (e,eral *ind( of !aintenance t$at are

u(uall# u(ed in centrifual pu!p. T$e# are pre,enti,e !aintenance3 predicti,e

!aintenance correcti,e !aintenance3 and +rea*do4n !aintenance. T$e

purpo(e( of !aintenance are :

a. Opti!u! operatin condition

+. Ma>i!u! utiliation of !aintenance re(ource

C. Opti!u! euip!ent life

d. Mini!u! (pare( in,entor#

e. Opti!u! a,ai+ilit#

REFERENCES

Sand?o?o. "a(ic Mec$anical Operation Maintenance And Trou+le($ootin

Hando*o3Su(ilo.Pu!p( : Pu(di*alat Mia( Cepu

Ad?ie3 Il$a! D4iprapto!o. Operation3 Maintenance And Trou+le($ootin of

Centrifual Pu!p. Cepu:Pu(di*lat Mia(

P;MP.e>p@pr@e070@en Total E&P Indone(ia

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P;MP MAINT.e>p@(!110@en Total E&P Indone(ia

$ttp:JJ!ec$anic@!ec$anicalenineerin.+lo(pot.co!J/011J0%Jpo!pa@

pu!p.$t!l /0@06@/012'
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