Upload
dalia-novi
View
222
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 1/42
Anatomi FisiologiSistem Saraf
Dalia Novitasari S.Kep Ners.,M.Kep
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 2/42
Sel – Sel Syaraf
1. SEL NEUROGLIA – Astrosites , ber f !"si #• Me$beri $a%a!a!,• Me!yi$pa! i!for$asi,• Me$perta&a!%a! ele'ti' pote!tial !e tral•
Meli!( !"i bloo( brai! barrier ya!" $e!"elili!"i %apilersiste$ saraf p sat
– Oli"o(e!(ro"lia, sel i!i $e$be!t % sel b !" $ieli!ya!" $eli!"%ari a%so!
– Mi%ro"lia berf !"si $e!"a!"%at $i%roba (a! sel(ebris (ari siste$ syaraf p sat )proses pa"ositosis*
– Sel epi(er$al $e$batasi siste$ ve!tri%el fle%s s%oroi( (a! %a!alis se!tralis (ari $e( la spi!alis
+. SEL NEURON $e!"&a!tar%a! ra!"sa!"a! (a!
berea%si ter&a(ap ra!"sa!"a!.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 3/42
Ne ro! ) a(a! Sel*
a(a! !e tro! (i%elili!"i ole& $e$bra! sel ya!"berisi sitoplas$a.a(a! sel ter(apat #
• ! %le s ya!" $e!"a!( !" DNA )(eo-yribo! 'lei'
a'i(* (a!• N %leol s ya!" $e!"a!( !" RNA )ribo! 'lei'
a'i(*• Mito%o!(ria $e$beri e!er"i pa(a sel•
a(a! "ol"i $e!yi$pa! ba&a! se%resi,$e!si!tesa K , $e$be!t % ba&a! (i"estifreti% l $ e!(oplas$a siste$ tra!sportasi (ala$sel.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 4/42
Ne ro! ) A%so! (a! De!(rit*• Str %t r (e!(rit $e!"a!( !" ba(a! !issel )ters s !
(ari reti% l $ e!(oplas$a (a! riboso$* , ba!ya%'aba!" (a! /a!"%a a!!ya pe!(e%
• A%so! $er pa%a! ta!"a! lai!, /a!"%a a!!ya pa!/a!",ber'aba!" pa(a ba"ia! a%&ir (a! % ra!" $e!"a!( !"
ba(a! !issel.• 0e$b !"% s $ieli! i!s lator !t % %o!( %si
ra!"sa!"• Di se%itar sar !" $ieli! pa(a lapisa! l ar (iseb t
!e role$$a re"e!erasi a%so!• Se"$e! (ari sar !" $ieli! (ip t s (e!"a! r a!" !o(eof ra!vier
• U!ipolar !e to! ya!" $e!"a!( !" 1 a%so!•
ipolar !e to! $e!"a!( !" 1 a%so! (a! 1 lebi&(e!(rit
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 5/42
KOMPONEN SEL SYARAF (Neuron)
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 6/42
• Serab t saraf (ala$ $e( la $e$p !yai %e$a$p a!seba"ai pe!"&a!tar )%o!( %tivitas* (a! (apat(ira!"sa!" )e%sitabilitas* $e$beri%a! rea%si
ter&a(ap ra!"sa!"a! (ari s $ber l ar)$e%a!i%,ele%tri%, %i$ia2i (a! fisi%* i$p ls(i&a!tar%a! $elal i (e!(rit sel a%so! proses(alil pe!"&a!tara! $a/
• I$p ls $otori% (iba!"%it%a! (ala$ sala& sat selpira$i(al (aera& $otori% (ala$ %orte%s $eli!tasi a%so! $e!"ait (e!(rit sel saraf $otori%
%or! a!terior s $s $ t la!" bela%a!" i$p ls$era$bat (i&a!tar (e!"a! t / a! a%&ir (ala$ otot
•
I$p ls se!sori% (iteri$a / !" – / !" saraf (ala$% lit $eli!tasi serab t saraf )(e!(ro!* selse!sori% (ala$ "a!"lio! a%ar posterior $elal ia%so! $as % s $s $ t la!" bela%a!" !ai% %e! %le s (ala$ $e( la oblo!"ata (i%iri$ %e ota%
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 7/42
0ote!sial Me$bra! Istira&at
•
A(ala& s at %ea(aa! (i$a!a !e ro! istira&at (a!ti(a% $e!"a!tar%a! ra!"sa!"a!.• M ata! listri% positif %el ar (ari $e$bra! sel
%are!a io! Na lebi& besar (a! io! 3lori(a pa(a
r a!" i!terstisial• Dala$ sel ter(apat $ ata! !e"atif io! %ali $ (a!ba&a! protei! or"a!i%.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 8/42
SUSUNAN SARA4
S s !a! Saraf0 sat
serebrospi!alis
S s !a! Sarafoto!o$
5 Ota%5 S $s $ t la!"
bela%a!"5 Urat – rat saraf 5 Urat saraf
tepi perifer
5 S s !a!saraf
si$patis5 S s !a!sarafparasi$patis
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 9/42
6 7e!is bata!" – bata!" sarafserebrospi!alis
• Saraf $otori% efere! $e!"&a!tar%a! i$p ls (ariota% (a! s $s $ t la!" bela%a!" %e saraftepi perifer
• Saraf se!sori% afere! $e$ba2a i$p ls (ariperifer $e! / ota%
• ata!" saraf 'a$p ra! $e!"a!( !" saraf$otori% $a p ! se!sori% $e!"&a!tar%a! i$p ls%e ( a / r sa!
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 10/42
SISTEM SARAF PUSAT
OTAK1.Serebr $
– %orte%s serebr $ – basal "a!"lia
+.Die!'eplalo! – tala$ s – &ipola$ s –
&ipofisa 6. ata!" ota% 8 Mi( rai! 8 0o!s
8 Me( lla oblo!"ata
9. Serebel $
ME ULA SPINALIS
8 3ervi%al8 :&ora%al8 L $bal8 Sa%ral
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 11/42
La!isan ota"
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 12/42
Lapisa! Ota%
•
Ota% (a! s $s $ t la!" bela%a!" (iseli$ ti$e!i!"e! 'aira! serebrospi!alis• Me!i!"e! ter(iri (ari 6 lapisa! yait #
– 0ia$ater –
Ara%!oi( – D ra$ater
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 13/42
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 14/42
A:ANG O:AK )MID RAIN*
•
Diba"i $e!/a(i area p ti& (a! %elab )s bs. Grisea(a! alba* ya!" $irip (e!"a! $e( la spi!alis• 11 (ari 1+ !erv s %ra!ial berasal (ari bata!" ota%• N 'lei )ba(a! sel !e ro!* (i bata!" ota%
$e$pe!"ar &i proses8proses (asar ta$a seperti # 8 aro sal (a! ti( r 8 to! s otot 8 refle%s re"a!"
8 %oor(i!asi per!apasa! 8 %or( te%a!a! (ara& 8 $o( lasi !yeri
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 15/42
#A$IAN #ATAN$ OTAK
Me( laOblo!"ata
• 0o!s
• Mi(rai!
•
Me( lla oblo!"ata ter(iri atas s bs. Kelab (a!p ti& – S bs. 0 ti& ter(iri atas tra%t s ase!(e!
so$atose!sori% ya!" $e$ba2a i!for$asi %eota% (a! tra%t s (ese!(e! $e$ba2ai!for$asi (ari ota% %e $e( la spi!alis.
–
S bs. Kelab ter(iri atas ! 'lei ya!"$e!"o!trol f !"si8f !"si i!vol !ter sepertite%a!a! (ara&, per!apasa!, $e!ela! (a!$ !ta&.
• Mer pa%a! to!/ola! berbe!t % b lb s pa(a areave!tral bata!" ota%, (iatas $e( la (a! (iba2a&$i( brai!. 4 !"si ta$a seba"ai station relay
!t % tra!sfer i!for$asi a!tara serebel $ (e!"a!serebr $
• Mrp Area %e'il a!tara bata!" ota% (a!(ie!'ep&alo!.4 !"si ta$a !t % per"era%a! $ata, $e relay si!yal8si!yal !t % pe!(e!"ara! (a! refle%svis al
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 16/42
IENSEP%ALON
:ALAMUS
I0O8
:ALAMUS
:erleta% a!tara bata!" ota% (a! serebr $, ter(iri
atas tala$ s, &ipotala$ s, &ipofisa (a! pi!eal.• = $e!eri$a persarafa! (ari se!sori% (a! tra%t s
opti% s, teli!"a (a! $e( la spi!alis, (a!i!for$asi $otori% (ari serebel $.= $e$proye%si%a! serat8serat saraf %e
serebel $ (i$a!a i!for$asi a%a! (iproses= (iseb t statio! relay %are!a &a$pir se$ ai!for$asi a%a! (iproses (isi!i.
• = Mer pa%a! p sat &o$eostasis (a! p sat
berba"ai %o!trol perila% seperti lapar (a! &a s.= O tp t (ari &ipotala$ s $e$pe!"ar &i f !"si8f !"si oto!o$= Me!(apat i!p t (ari berba"ai s $ber seperti%orte%s serebri, for$atio reti% laris (a! reseptorse!sori%.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 17/42
SERE RUM•
Mer pa%a! ba"ia! terbesar (ari ota%, (a! $e!"isi&a$pir sel r & ro!""a %ra!ial.= ter(iri atas ( a &e$isfer ya!" (i& b !"%a! ole&
'orp s 'allos $.= $e$p !yai e$pat lob s ya!" (iba"i ber(asar%a!
ba"ia! %ra!ial ya!" $eli!( !"i!ya#fro!tal,parietal,o%sipital (a! te$poral.
= $e$ili%i s l% s )'e% !"a!* ya!" $e$be!t % "ir s)to!/ola!*.
= per$ %aa! l ar setebal bbrp $$, $e$be!t % "ray$ater ya!" (iseb r "orte"s sere&ri'= Ne ro!8!e ro! %orte%s ters s ! se'ara a!ato$i
$e!/a(i %olo$8%olo$ (a! lapisa! &ori>o!tal atala$i!a, seba"ai area f !"si ota% terti!""i )f !"si
%o"!itif*.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 18/42
LA:ERALISASI SERE RAL
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 19/42
SERE RUM
#asalNu lei
SistemLim&i"
• Mrp Grey $ater )s bt %elab * lai! y"ter(apat pa(a basal ! 'lei (a! siste$li$bi%. asal ! 'lei )"a!""lia basal*berf !"si !t % %o!trol per"era%a!.
• = Me2a%ili area ya!" pali!" pri$itif (iota% ya!" berf !"si seba"ai pe!"& b !"a!tara f !"si %o"!itif ya!" lebi& ti!""iseperti pe!alara! (e!"a! respo! ta% t.
= ?&ite $ater (i area i!terior,(a! "a!"liasaraf $e$ !"%i!%a! %o$ !i%asi (a!tra!sfer i!for$asi a!tar &e$isfer $elal i'orp s 'allos $.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 20/42
SIS:EM LIM IK
Mer pa%a! str %t r ya!" $e!"a'p( seb a& be!t % 'i!'i! i!ter%o!e%siy" ter(iri atas str %t r8str %t r#
• ota% (epa! )$e!"elili!"i bata!" ota%• bata!" ota% ) (i& b !"%a! ole& /al r8
/al r ya!" r $it*, yait #• lob s+ %orte%s serebri,• basal ! 'lei,• tala$ s (a! &ipotala$ s.
erf !"si $e!"o!trol e%spresie$osi, pola perila% sosiose%s al(a! f !"si &i( p (asar )perila%$a%a!, ber& b !"a! ("per ba&a! so$ati% (a! oto!o$t b & )0erila% i!sti!"tif*
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 21/42
KOR:EKS SERE RI
Areasensori"
Areamotori"
AreaAsosiasi
Seba"ai p sat i!te"rasi !t % siste$ i!for$asi
se!sori% (a! !t % berba"ai o tp t $otori%.Me$p !yai l as per$ %aa! +,+ $, :er(iri atas @lapisa!, 181 $ilyar( !e ro! (a! sel "lia, terba"i atasB area )$!rt ro($a!!*
• Me$p !yai l as per$ %aa! +,+ $, :er(iri atas @lapisa!, 181 $ilyar( !e ro! (a! sel "lia, terba"i atas
B area )$!rt ro($a!!*
• 8 $e!eri$a i!p t se!sori% (a! $e!ter/e$a&%a!$e!/a(i
persepsi
8 $e!"ara&%a! "era%a! –"era%a! pa(a otot s%elet• 8 $e!"i!te"rasi%a! i!for$asi (ari berba"ai area
se!sori% (a! 4 !"si lateralisasi serebral $e!"a'pa(a (o$i!a!si serebri # (o$i!a! %iri %a!a!.8 Ko!e%si saraf pa(a %orte%s $e!""a$bar%a! (era/at
plastisitas ata %e$a$p a! !t % $e!" ba&
%o!e%si !e ro! ya!" r sa% ti(a% terpa%ai.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 22/42
Me( la Spi!alis ter(iri (ari #
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 23/42
SCARA48SCARA4 KRANIAL
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 24/42
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 25/42
SISTEM SYARAF OTONOM
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 26/42
PUSAT KONTROLSYARAF OTONOM
• ypot&ala$ s – Kesei$ba!"a! 'aira! – s & – Rasa lapar
• 0o!s – 0er!apasa! – 7a!t !" –
aso%o!stri%si• Me( lla Oblo!"ata
– 0er!apasa!
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 27/42
KESEIM#AN$AN %OMEOSTATIK
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 28/42
7ALUR O:ONOM
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 29/42
NEURON EFEREN OTONOM
1. SS0+. Ne ro!
pre"a!"lio!6. Ga!"lio!9. Ne ro!
0os"a!"lio!
B. 7ari!"a! tar"et)efe%tor*
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 30/42
Per a&angan s*araf Otonom+ Si$patis (a! 0arasi$patis berf !"si#
– Me!"at r f !"si %ele!/ar, otot polos,
otot /a!t !". – e%er/a sa$a (e!"a! siste$ e!(o%ri!!t % $e!"at r &o$eostasis t b &.
– Diat r ole& %er/a &ypot&ala$ s, po!s
$e( lla oblo!"ata – Me$ili%i /al r )/aras* (e!"a! ( a !e ro!
(a! sat "a!"lio!. – Me$p !yai to!/ola! !t % pe!"lepasa!
Ne rotra!s$iter – Me$p !yai reseptor ya!" berbe(a# to!i%
re" lasi ya!" bersifat a!ta"o!isti%.
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 31/42
SIMPATIS AN PARASIMPATIS
• Ne rotra!s8$itter
• Reseptor
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 32/42
7ALUR SIS:EM SCARA4 O:ONOM
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 33/42
KER7A SCARA4 0ARASIM0A:IS
• Me!i$b l%a!%a! Ko!stri%si pa(a# – 0 pil – ro!%iol s
• Me$perla$bat %er/a /a!t !"• Me!sti$ lasi#
– 0roses 0e!'er!aa! )Di"esti* – 0e!"lepasa! I!s li! – 0roses ber%e$i& )Uri!asi* –
:er/a(i!ya Ere%si
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 34/42
7ALUR8 7ALUR E4EREN
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 35/42
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 36/42
T,e Pain Pat,-a*
Pain Per e!tion#rain
orsal Root$anglion
orsal%orn
No i e!tor
S!inal .or/
$otts ,al" A et al' Am Fam Physician ' 001234+1565789'Fiel/s %L et al' Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine ' 1558+:478'
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 37/42
Stage of Nociception
1' Trans/u tion Rangsangan ; stimulus *ang mem&a,a*a"an memi u!ele!asan me/iator &io"imia (,istamin< &ra/i"inin<!rostaglan/in /an su&stansi P)Me/iator ini "emu/ian mensensitisasi nosise!tor
+ :ra!s$issio! Stimulasi ole, rese!tor /itransmisi"an &eru!a im!uls
n*eri /ari SSP "e me/ula s!inalis "e &atang ota" /antalamus melalui =alur s!inotalami"us /an sin*al/iterus"an "e "orte"s sensori" somati" n*eri/i!erse!si"an
6 Mo( latio! Neuron /i &atang ota" mengirim"an sin*al "em&ali "e
tan/u" /orsal me/ula s!inalis *ang ter"on/u"si/engan nosise!tor im!uls su!resif mele!as"ansu&stansi (o!oi/<serotonin< nore!ine!rin) meng,am&at im!uls asen/en *ang mem&a,a*a"an /i&agian /orsal me/ula s!inalis'
9 0er'eptio! Perse!si n*eri ter=a/i /i stru"tur "orte"s
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 38/42
Per=alanan N*eri• Nyeri (irasa%a! ole& !o'i'eptor pa(a t b & ba"ia! perifer
seperti % lit vis'era.• Nyeri pa(a % lit (itra!s$isi%a! $elal i serab t afere! %e'il
(elta A (a! serab t syaraf %e spi!al 'or(.• Serab t (elta A $e!tra!s$isi%a! i$p ls (e!"a! 'epat
se!sasi !yeri ta/a$ !yeri a% t•
Serab t 3 $e!tra!s$isi%a! i$p ls se'ara la$bat str %t rt b & ba"ia! (ala$ )otot (a! vis'era* rasa seperti terba%ar(a! $e!yebar !yeri %ro!is
• Ne ro! beri% t!ya $e!tra!s$isi $e!"iri$ i$p ls (ari !e ro!afere! $elal i (orsal &or! %e spi!al 'or(, (i$a!a si!aps
ter(apat (ala$ s bsta!sia "elati!osa i$p ls terseb t$ele2ati a!terior (a! lateral tra%t s spi!ot&ala$i%• I$p ls ase!(e! pa(a spi!ot&ala$i% a!terior (a! lateral
$ele2ati $e( la (a! bata!" ota% %e tala$ s• Di tala$ s (a! 'orte- 'erebri i$p ls !yeri (ilo%alisir
(ii!terpretasi respo! (ifor$ lasi%a! !yeri
T*! > t*! Sti l N* i
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 39/42
T*!e > t*!e Stimulus N*eri
Ti!e stimulus Fisiologi /asar
Me"ani"al
Trauma =aringan tu&u, ;!em&e/a,an
Kerusa"an =aringan< iritasi !a/a rese!torn*eri< inflamasi
Peru&a,an /alam =aringantu&u,;o/ema
Te"anan !a/a rese!tor n*eri
Sum&atan !a/a saluran tu&u, istensi lumen !a/a saluran
Tumor Te"anan !a/a rese!tor n*eri< iritasi s*arafte!i
S!asme otot Stimulasi n*eri
T,ermal
Panas atau /ingin *ang
&erle&i,an (ter&a"ar)
?aringan rusa"< stimulasi t,ermosensitif
rese!tor n*eriKimia
Is ,emi =aringan Stimulasi rese!tor n*eri a"i&atter"um!uln*a asam la"tat /an "imia lain(&ra/i"inin /alam =aringan
S!asme otot A"i&at stimulasi me"ani" men*e&a&"anis"emi =aringan
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 40/42
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 41/42
8/15/2019 anatomi dan fisiologis sistem syaraf
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/anatomi-dan-fisiologis-sistem-syaraf 42/42
Menga"tif"an sistems*araf !usat melalui
S!inal .or/ ;me/ulas!inalis
Tissue amage Menga"tif"ansistem s*araf
!erifer
Transmisi stimulusn*eri "e &atang ota"
N*eri /i!erse!si"an
:&e 0ai! Respo!se