ANNUAL REPORT June 2006 - Small Reservoirs · ANNUAL REPORT June 2006 ... ˙˝˛˚ ˆ 1 PROJECT PROFILE ... Steakholder meetings and

CPWF Annual Progress Report [Proforma 3]

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�� ANNUAL REPORT

June 2006

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1 PROJECT PROFILE (this information will appear once only as a header sheet to your reports when they are electronic)

PROJECT NO.: CPWF 46 PROJECT TITLE: Planning and Evaluating Ensembles of Small, Multi-purpose Reservoirs for the Improvement of Smallholder Livelihoods and Food Security: Tools and Procedures

LEAD CPWF THEME: No. 4, Integrated Basin Water Management Systems

LEAD CPWF BENCHMARK BASIN(S): Volta

SECONDARY CPWF THEME(S): No. 2, Multiple Use of Upper Catchments

SECONDARY RIVER BASIN(S): Limpopo, São Francisco

MANAGING CENTER:

IRRI / CIAT / WORLDFISH / IWMI / IFPRI

PROJECT DURATION: 3 years

2 LINKED QUARTERLY PROGRESS REPORT (MILESTONE PLAN) (this section of the report should

contain your milestone tables, embedded in an excel spreadsheet. One three monthly section per page. You are required to provide comments against your milestones in this report period)

This Annual Report is linked to: CPWF Quarterly Report Format-d06.xls (yet to be linked)

3 SUMMARY OF ACHIEVEMENTS OVER THE PAST TWELVE MONTHS It is also important for us to be able to provide information to the CGIAR (Executive Committee and Science Council) and the donors (in our briefings and through reports) on the progress of your project and how it adds to the overall CPWF outputs. There are three elements in this section:

(a) Project Outputs: what your project has achieved, and the technical/scientific progress and rigour of your project (which is also necessary for assessment)

(b) CPWF Outputs: how your project relates to the outputs of one or more of the CPWF five research themes and one or more of the benchmark basins

(c) Outcomes and Impact: what outcomes have been achieved over the year, and how they have impacted on your initial or end users – i.e. who has used your results and to what end? This is also about dissemination pathways.

(d) A final section enables you to comment on your experiences. This information feeds into the new log frame that has been requested for our medium term plan. We plan to share this log frame with you (possibly at the next project leaders meeting) so you can see where your project slots into the overall program and how we interact with the Science Council.


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Glossary of terms (extracted from the CGIAR Medium Term Plan Guidelines): Outputs: are the products of research with a defined time-line, contributing to reaching the [CPWF] goals by offering solutions to problems identified during the planning process. Outcomes: are the external uses, adoptions, or influences of the [CPWF] output or outputs (e.g. by partners, stakeholders, clients) that lead to changes in knowledge, attitudes, policies, research capacities, agricultural practices, productivity, sustainability, or other factors required in order to achieve the intended impact. Impacts: are the longer range social, environmental and economic benefits consistent with the [CPWF] goals, e.g. increased agricultural productivity through better water management, better nutrition, sustainable resource management. 3 (a) PROJECT OUTPUTS: Technical Elements 3.1 What are the project’s main technical achievements (listed as outputs) over the past year?

Nature of project output/s

Details

Instrumentation Instrumentaion was installed to measure the evaporation from a small reservoir through energy balance and a floating pan.

Ensemble analysis A simulation model was built to examine the hysteretic behavior of reservoir ensembles.

Stakeholder analysis Analysis of stakeholders in Ghana's Upper East and limits of participation

Hydrological and hydrometeorological data collection for Volta Basin Ghana Collected

Data on the nine synoptic stations of the Volta basin. This include Rainfall, Temp, Rel Humidity, Wind speed, and Sunshine duration. Hydrology data for the existing gauging stations has also been collected

Criteria for siting of reservoirs in Ghana

Literature review

Meetings with stakeholders (key informants) and farmers during the socio-economic suvey.

Socio-economic survey of small reservoirs

Socio-economic survey completed and report compiled (submitted with March06 progress report)

Conference papers 3 x conferences presented at Regional Conference as part of the information dissemination and sharing process.

WEAP modelling WEAP data entry and modelling training completed at SEI-Boston (training report submitted with the March06 progress report). Material used for sub-basin modelling by MSc student.

Institutional analysis for small reservoirs

Institutional analysis for small reservoirs completed (see Munamati & Senzanje report with the June06 progress report).

Journal articles 3 x journal articles accepted for publication in international refereed journal.

2.3a) Draft paper on schisto/malaria in small dams in Burkina Faso

Draft available, entitled “Health and environmental impacts of small reservoirs in Burkina Faso”

2.3b) GIS on schisto and malaria in Burkina Faso

Draft maps included in working paper 2.3a. Secondary data on schistosomiasis excellent but on malaria highly insufficient.

2.3c) protocol for collection of health data

Available in French.

2.3d) first draft GIS on vectors and disease for Koubri & Kaya

Very scanty data available from first sampling round, insufficient for GIS. Second sampling round ongoing.

2.3e) draft questionnaire and

The questionnaire turned out to be tested in earlier studies by the local team members and a local version of the questionnaire was available. This was further adapted and used in the first sampling round.


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2.3f) results from draft questionnaires 2.3g) results from questionnaires Koubri & Kaya

Biased results available from one school. Because of interference with national control program further application of the questionnaire in all four selected schools postponed till June 2006, hence no complete results available yet.

2.3h) first series of draft data sets on vectors and disease for Koubri & Kaya plus report

Available in French from the two IRSS teams, summary presented in report to WHO.

3.5a) inventory of guidelines, tools and approaches, and 4.4a) inventory of participatory HIA tools

Under development.

WEAP/Water Use and Economic Modelling

A key goal of the Small Reservoirs Ensembles project is to develop tools for economic analysis at the basin level, which will allow stakeholders to consider and debate available information about the economic consequences of different scenarios. In this document, we provide a general overview of the major concepts of conducting an economic analysis at the basin scale.

Community Level Survey and Field Work

An improved understanding of the socio-economic role of water at the community scale is essential for effective basin level planning. A survey to assess the value of water at the community scale was developed and applied in the Sao Francisco basin, refined, and further field work was conducted to gather data from communities with and without small reservoirs. The analysis of these data is still underway.

WEAP Workshop A two week workshop on developing WEAP applications for the Limpopo, Volta and Sao Francisco was held, with teams of both scientists and PhD students from each of the three basins participating. Preliminary WEAP applications, validation and future scenarios were developed for each basin.

Instrumentation watersheds

See report Task 3.1 - N.2_Interim report pdf sent in the last progress report, Task 3.2-N.2-1 and Task 3.2-N.2-2.

Database of small reservoirs in the Rio Preto basin

A database of small reservoirs and of hydrology of the Rio Preto is available.

Incorporate data in WEAP and scenarios developed

See Q3 SEI WEAP Training and Workshop Summary.

Socioeconomics of Rio Preto basin

An assessment of the Rio Preto socioeconomics has been undertaken.

Geology and hydrogeology of Rio Preto

An assessment of the geology and hydrogeology of Rio Preto has been undertaken and the report is available.

Steakholder meetings and students training

Several meetings with stakeholders were done and 4 students were trained on methodologies and data survey.

Acess to water in Rio Preto Basin

An assessment of access to water in Rio Preto has been undertaken. See Carolina’s thesis (Access to Water in Brazil’s Rio Preto Basin: A Case Study of Three Rural Communities)

Ecological Data base1

Biweekly limnological monitoring of contrasted (urban, peri urban, rural) reservoirs (N= 7; in progress)


Multidisciplinary field and experimental workshop (March-April 2005): (1) complete limnological sampling and characterization (aquatic communities: from virus, to bacteria, cyanobacteria, phytoplankton, zooplankton) of 25 reservoirs scattered from the North to the South of the Nakambé basin in Burkina; (2) experimental evaluation of pesticides impacts on planktonic communities.


Biweekly monitoring of nutrient inputs associated to dust and rain deposition (in Ouagadougou; in progress) + comparison of wet and dry deposition rates in two contrasted (urban vs rural) localizations.


Seasonal limnological sampling of the Nariarlé Basin's reservoirs (N=50, Oct 05, Jan 06, May 06)


Experimental study of cyanobacterial dominance (Loumbila Lake, march to June 2005 and 2006)

GIS + data base1 National scale (in progress)


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GIS + data base2 Nariarlé (Nakambé Sub Basin) scale (in progress)

3.2 How do these outputs contribute to your project goal (and possibly those of other CPWF projects (and non- CPWF funded) in the study area)?

TUDelft: Instrumentation: In general, it is assumed that evaporation from an open water body, such as a small reservoir, in a dry environment is larger than the reference evaporation because of the so called oasis effect. The instrumentation directly measures the extra advection of energy towards the reservoir and thereby measures the existence and importance of the oasis effect. Ensemble analysis: This is a key tool for achieving the stated project goal. The depth/storage relations for ensembles of reservoirs show hysteris. Through a simple simulation, the importance of this phenomenon was confirmed. Stakeholder analysis: The stakeholder analysis showed very clearly that participatory approaches as proposed by donors, stands far from the social reality of rural areas in Ghana. WRI: The data collected will be an input data for the modelling activities UZ: 1) Meeting with the stakeholders during the socio-economic survey was important to ingrain the research with the stakeholders in the basin and share information with them. 2) Conference and journal article papers aid with information dissemination and sharing with other researchers in Zimbabwe and the region. 3) WEAP modelling used for MSc thesis study that looks at several scenarios to uplift rural livelihoods through management of small reservoirs. The modelling used information generated by the SRP PN46 in the past year on reservoir volume-surface area modelling (as reported in June05). 4) Institutional analysis inputs into the global tool on the sustainable management of small reservoirs. IWMI: On the basis of the first scanty data it is not possible to draw any conclusions on potential health impacts of small reservoirs in Burkina Faso as the data were collected from one school only. SEI: These outputs provide the necessary building blocks for managing water at the basin and community scale for increased food security and sustainable livelihoods, particularly from an economic and systems viewpoint. Embrapa: These outputs form the basis for using the modelling approach proposed in the project. IRD: Limnological monitoring and experimental approaches constitute the basis of ecological and environmental evaluations. A major issue is now taken in account, relative to the potential impacts of xenobiotics on aquatic pelagic food web and their consequences on goods and services provided by aquatic ecosystems. The potential importance of nutrients associated to wet and dry depositions is now evaluated through adequate monitoring. This may correspond to an alternative nutrient source for phytoplankton and cyanobacteria and has to be evaluated in order to better understand their respective dynamics and the global metabolic pathway of reservoirs. GIS development is a pre-required basis for the further integration of ecological and environmental observations in the different socio-economical contexts surrounding reservoirs. A focus is devoted to the spatialization at different scales of anthropogenic factors said to potentially influence the metabolism and properties of aquatic ecosystems.

3 (b) CPWF OUTPUTS: relevance to CPWF thematic areas and basin priorities 3.3 How will the outputs identified above contribute to the CPWF output/s attached?

CPWF Outputs Project Contributions

Hydrological and hydrometeorological data collection for Volta Basin Ghana Collected

Necessary data for several outputs

Criteria for siting of reservoirs in Ghana

Institutional Survey Result in White Volta

Necessary data for WEAP modelling for copling hydrology and socio-economy


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Household Survey results in the White Volta basin

Same as above

Information sharing

The conference and journal articles contribute to information dissemination and sharing as expected in the CPWF.

Modelling This contributes to the global goal of developing a “tool” for the sustainable planning, developing, and management of small reservoirs for the improvement of rural livelihoods.

Guidelines for multiple use water supply systems and water sharing

The economic tools at the basin scale can provide guidance in the multiple use of reservoirs

Technology and management practise for optimal water management

WEAP in combination with the economic tools provides an inclusive framework for joint management of water.

Reservoir planning and management tools

WEAP and the economic tools at basin scale provide support for the planning and management of small reservoirs.

Strategies for management of reservoir fisheries

Fisheries are included as part of community and basin scale economic tools

Options for integrated water and forest management

The WEAP tool explicitly considers the effect of forest on overall hydrology and water availability

The outputs described above form the necessary building blocks to perform the project modelling approach, which will contribute directly for more than one CPWF output.

IRD: A better understanding of the relationships between reservoirs and their environment, in the context of both global changes and intensification of anthropogenic pressures is a necessity. The optimization of water productivity should not induce deleterious externalities for aquatic ecosystems. Small reservoirs are clearly multi-usages systems. The compatibility of these different usages (often complementary but sometimes antagonist) has to be evaluated and managed: ecological (field as experimental) approaches give integrated perspective and permit the generation of objective and useful indicators. Such ecological indicators are expected to be sharable among a large panel of both climatic and socio-economical situations. After validation in Burkina Faso, it could be useful to test these indicators in other benchmark basin (Limpopo and Sao Francisco within the SRP; Mekong through collaborative work with other CP projects).

3.4 Are there other CPWF outputs that your project is contributing to?

Your project may provide new knowledge and information for other outputs on the attached list. List any here and comment against them. Do you see any areas where you could/should work more closely with another CPWF project? (This may not be applicable to your project)

CPWF Outputs Project Contributions Integrating multiple uses of water

By providing a common framework, with transparent information of the multiple uses of water, their integration is inherent in WEAP.

Tradeoff Analysis Tools

The economic framework now embedded in WEAP, together with the ability to do participatory stakeholder engagement around the prioritization of water allocation, provides a means of examining tradeoffs among multiple uses.

IRD: The forthcoming "Interactive Atlas of Lakes and Reservoirs in Burkina Faso", FASO Mab Project, granted by IRD, in using up-to-dated national data basis and original field data, will clearly be useful to present and illustrate the specific situation of small reservoirs in Burkina Faso. The expected thematic maps associated to this atlas can be seen as an important by-product of our project.

3 (c) OUTCOMES AND IMPACT Before attempting this section access these web pages for an overview of the basis of how we approach outcomes and impact. They are from the IDRC web page on ‘Outcome Mapping’). http://web.idrc.ca/uploads/user-S/10960530301karaoke.swf http://web.idrc.ca/en/ev-64698-201-1-DO_TOPIC.html


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3.5 What are the ‘outcomes’ of your research to date?

What outcomes have been generated by the outputs (as listed in 3.1) that you project has yielded to date? Please be basin specific.

Output (from 3.1) Resultant outcomes

Instrumentation Evaporation is seen by development agencies as the main loss from small reservoirs. Many of the positive social impacts (good governance, access at village level) are thought to be offset by the negative impact of relatively large evaporation. The measurements will insert rationality into this discussion.

Expected outcomes will be further developed (data sharing, interactive atlas development, etc.)

3.6 Who has used these outcomes? Provide evidence to justify your answer.

List the intended users of these outcomes and tell us how they have been involved in their development to date (if at all) and how they have used resulting technology/information. Refer not only to the various specific users, but also separately to the basin/s in which they operate. We are looking for ‘behavioural change’ amongst your users (some of whom may not be ‘intended’)

Outcomes Intended/unintended users and their involvement/uptake in individual basins.

Instrumentation Intended users: Development and planning agencies. Not yet any uptake because measurements are still on-going.

Ensemble analysis Intended users: Development and planning agencies. No uptake yet, analysis for now only as research tool. Needs to be translated for non-researchers.

Stakeholder analysis International development agencies, uptake should follow through literature and conference presentations. Locally (Upper East, Ghana), Water Resources Commission is aware of problems.

Papers Information dissemination (The wider public)

Scenario Modelling Reservoir capacity modelling contributed to WEAP scenario modelling. The reservoir capacity modelling thesis (Swaunyama 2005) was requested by the Zimbabwe National Water Authority (ZINWA) researchers.

3.7 Beyond what you have told us so far, what dissemination / information -sharing activities are you undertaking?

This question is meant to indicate what dissemination pathways you are developing with your peers and with your intended users. The answer also explains how you are going to strengthen (if necessary) your current experiences in 3.6 above. TUDelft: Peers: Publications, conferences (see f.e. output "Knowledge Fair, CPWF, November 2005") Intended users: Through Small Reservoirs Manual (final output of project). A Small Reservoir Game is presently under development that will help to exchange knowledge (two ways) between researchers, development agencies, and farming communities. UZ: Talking to others about the project. Current work to be presented at the upcoming regional symposium in Malawi in November 2006. Embrapa: Project and community meetings. Now, as part of the knowledge sharing program, we will have meetings with children in school, community leaders and decision makers in the basin to inform them about the project and results.

3.8 How would you describe your projects contribution so far to the CPWF mandate of producing international public goods?

Type of international public goods

Status

Technical design of instrumentation

The evaporation measurements asked for a special design that incorporates improved sensors and data logging techniques that were previously unavailable. The design is an international public good.

Publications Both in form of theses and articles in international journals.

Papers and theses These are now public goods for anyone to access and use.

Reports These are publicly available to all.

Scientific and professional papers

By carrying out the biomedical studies according to a strict protocol, ethical clearance was obtained from the Burkina Faso science council and hence the results can be published, ultimately. Several papers are in preparation that will be published as IWMI working papers, which are always freely available from internet.


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GIS Development of a GIS on health aspects of small dams is under way. When ready, the GIS will be available on-line as well. In addition the health data will be connected to the local level GIS (a separate proposal has been developed) for improved planning and management of small reservoirs in the region of Koubri.

BSc & MSc Thesis 1 MSc thesis and 2 BSc theses.

Capacity building 3 people trained in watershed instrumentation and data collection.

Technical and scientific papers

All produced papers (report, articles, etc.) are systematically shared with DGRE ex-DGIRH and, if possible, will be in free access on different web sites.

GIS development The IRD team is involved in the development of an interactive atlas of lakes and reservoirs in Burkina Faso.

3 (d) TECHNICAL AND/ OR MANAGEMENT ISSUES 3.9. Any problems or constraints - deviations - in the past year?

TUDelft: Only minor adjustments. Largest problem occurred with acquisition of radar Envisat imagery due to bugs in ordering software. This problems are presently (slowly) being ironed out through intensive discussions with ESA (the provider). UZ: 1) Procurement of hydrological equipment was greatly affected by the introduction of customs duty on imported research equipment. This delayed the purchase of equipment. Customs duty was subsequently scrapped by then it was too late to procure equipment as the rainfall season had progressed. Some equipment was borrowed from ZINWA and installed in the field. 2) Zimbabwe’s hyperinflationary environment (1042% inflation May 2006) makes financial management a real challenge in the project. IWMI: Health data collection from schools in Burkina Faso was hampered by activities of the national helminth control program. This program had started mass distribution of drugs in elementary schools all over the country, without informing our local partner for the health studies IRSS (scientific health research institute) or even the school directors. As this had started right after the summer holidays, 2 weeks before our scheduled school surveys, it completely disturbed our planning because in three out of the four carefully selected sampling schools, all children had received treatment for schistosomiasis and geohelminths and would all turn out negative in the tests. With the treatment, information was given, so we could not do the questionnaire either as the students were too biased. Luckily in one school the director had the presence of mind to ask the national control teams to wait until our research team had tested the children. The IRSS team consists of two sub-teams, one on malaria and the other on helminths. None of the two teams have completely delivered according to expectations (as spelled out in a formal agreement between IWMI and IRSS), despite the joint preparation of a detailed research protocol. Communication with the malaria sub-team has been particularly difficult. Embrapa: Two slight deviations:

- Final report on socioeconomic secondary data is delayed, because the person who was working on the report quit the position. Also data was not readily available;

- Equipment installation was delayed, because we spent extra time to get it in Brazil with lower price. IRD: No problem

3.10 Any adjustments you would like to make in the coming year to make the project more efficient and effective?

TUDelft: No. UZ: Engage research students early in the year to capture the rainy season. IWMI: Shifting from an emphasis on classical primary health data collection, to a more participatory approach. This will combine health impact assessment with an inventory of suggestions for better management of small reservoirs. The participatory approach will be carried out with other local partners to avoid further interference with the ‘classical’ biomedical data collection. Now that IWMI has hired a new staff member on health based at the Ghana office, more frequent visits to Burkina Faso can be done. The new staff member has African origins and speaks French, which facilitates communication even more. Embrapa: No IRD: Work is in normal progress

3.11 Comment on your interactions with Theme Leaders

TUDelft: n/a UZ: Good interactions with the Project Coordinator (M. Andreini). No direct contact with Theme Leader. IWMI: The health team had no interactions with theme leaders. IRD: Rare but useful


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3.12 Comment on your interaction with basin coordinators.

TUDelft: Interaction with Basin Coordinator is always very good and consists of regular updates and briefings. UZ: Good interactions with Basin Coordinator. A very helpful and positive individual. IWMI: The health team had no interactions with basin coordinators. Embrapa: Good. IRD: Regular and useful

3.13 Comment on your interactions with other CPWF and non CPWF projects in the basin.

TUDelft: n/a UZ: Interact actively with CPWF PN17, PN30 and PN47 in the Limpopo basin. Share resources to the field with PN17. Share research students. IWMI: The experience from a related IWMI project on participatory health impact assessment of small dams in Morocco (funded by IDRC) greatly helps the shift in methodological approach proposed under 3.10. IRD: Many contacts and interactions, firstly with other SRP members (Health and Hydrological issues). Local and informal mentorship of students associated to SRP (J. Hauck, Bonn Univ.; J. Liebe, Cornell Univ.). Explicit implication in the Volta Basin Focus Project (coordination of activities in Burkina Faso, with J. Lemoalle). Interesting interactions with the capacity building initiative of CPWF (M. Macumber).


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4 CAPACITY BUILDING Please tell us about your capacity building activities over the year. This information is useful for us as we take forward our capacity building program. There is a line for ‘identified needs’ so you can comment on capacity building activities that would be useful in your project and that would add value to the CPWF as a whole.

Category Basin location Activities and expected outcomes Bachelors students

Limpopo 1 BSc completed and graduated in August 2005 funded by CPWF PN46. Worked on “multiple use of small reservoirs”.

São Francisco Denilson Pereira Passo – Soil survey and reservoir bathymetry. São Francisco Rafael Weschenfelder – Data analysis. Masters students

Volta Joshua Faulkner, Thesis, Cornell University

Volta Martine Poolman, Thesis, Delft University of Technology Volta MSc Project Group, Delft University of Technology Volta Ilja van Kinderen, Thesis Preparation, Delft University of Technology Limpopo

2xMSc completed and graduated in August 2005 funded by CPWF PN46. Worked on a) reservoir capacity modelling, and b) ecosystem health of small reservoirs.

Limpopo(new) 2xMSc currently supported by CPWF PN46. One to graduate in August 2006 working on WEAP modelling. The other to complete in August 2007 working on non-point source pollution mapping and water quality in small reservoirs in the Limpopo basin.

São Francisco Carolina Balazs - Access to Water in Brazil’s Rio Preto Basin: A Case Study of Three Rural Communities

Volta - GIS development (MOIROUX Nicolas): contribution to tool development (see: http://www.ird.bf/actualites/SUJET_MASTER_II_2006_MOIROUX.pdf) - GIS development (SANOU Bakary): contribution to data sharing (see Faso MAB project) - Ecological approaches (WOCH Marjolaine): contribution to tool development; (see: http://www.ird.bf/actualites/SUJET%20L3%202006%20Marjolaine%20WOCH.pdf)

PhDs Volta Jens Liebe, Cornell University Volta One PhD student in biology worked with the team in Burkina Faso. He acted as the de

facto field coordinator of the health-related studies. He is now in the process for additional funding through the IWMI PhD program. If successful, this would further strengthen the role of this student in the project and also help him fund the course work and other requirements for his thesis.

Sao Francisco Socio-economics of water at the community scale Volta Institutional role in differences in water productivity Volta Environmental Flows Volta Application of WEAP to build capacity for basin level planning Limpopo Application of WEAP to build capacity for basin level planning Scientists 1xSocio-

economist 1xNatural scientist

1) Socio-economist worked on survey of small reservoir management. 2) Worked on institutional analysis of small reservoirs

Volta Dr ZONGO Frederic, MC at the Ouagadougou Univ., specialized in phytoplankton taxonomy. Sharing concerns mainly limnological approaches (methodology, instrumentation, data analysis, etc.)

Others (identify)

Technicians Data collection together with ZINWA technicians and water bailiffs.

São Francisco Saint-clair Pereira de Oliveira Neto – Buriti Vermelho water balance Reinaldo Néris da Silva – Watershed instrumentation and data collection

Volta Water management official institution (DGRE): dissemination of main results Future needs Close cooperation with Kumasi University of Technology and University of

Development Studies, both in Ghana, regarding development and evaluation of Small Reservoir Game.

GIS training methodology and tools


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SEBAL NGOs Volta In the coming months, an intensive working relationship will be set up with a Belgian

NGO active in the Koubri area. This NGO is setting up an overall committee of water users associations. This will help us to disseminate our findings, but also to focus our community-level tools for better planning and management of small reservoirs. We might need to give training to either NGO staff or to representatives of the water users associations on participatory health impact assessment methods.

Volta Belgian NGO which surrounds the recently created "Union of Reservoir Committees" in the Nariarle basin (Koubri): data sharing has to be rapidly enhanced in the aim of a more participatory approach. To be realized in the further months.

Farmers Limpopo Interacted with farmers during the research


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5 PROJECT PROCEDURES FOR DATA COLLECTION/STORAGE AND SHARING Please note that under the Project Agreement (standard clauses), that all data collected by your project is to be made freely available as an international public good. We are keen to ensure that data is shared as widely as possible both within the CPWF and to the wider community. If you want to discuss this issue please contact Dr Francis Gichuki on [email protected]. (a) Technical elements

5.1. Data collected: what is the extent of your data collection to date?

Extensive hydrological and micro-meteorological dataset for evaporation measurements over small reservoirs. Inventory of institutions and stakeholder groups in Upper East, Ghana. UZ: 1) Climatic data, rainfall, stream flows, small reservoir distribution in the whole of the Limpopo basin,

reservoir characteristics, reservoir multiple use 2) Land use 3) Socio-economic data in sub-basin (population, incomes, livestock ownership, livelihood strategies) Data is all in reports and theses and thus can be accessed by the wider public IWMI: The first round of field collection of health data was done in October/November 2005 in Kaya and Koubri clusters in Burkina Faso. Four primary schools were selected: one near a reservoir (case) and one further away (control) in each of the two clusters. The data are stored in Excel and discussed in a progress report (in French) and summarized in the report to WHO that provides additional funding. Data available: - School survey 1 (questionnaire I) carried out in one school; - School survey 2 (analyses des selles et urines) carried out in one school; - School survey 3 (gouttes épaisses) carried out in one school; - Snail studies (etude malacologique), the first inventory of breeding sites and 1series of sampling in all

sites with description of the habitats, including basic water quality parameters; - Larval studies (prospections larvaires), the first inventory of breeding sites and 1 series of routine

sampling in one site; - Adult mosquito sampling (capture des moustiques) in and near houses in settlements near small

reservoirs, 1 series of routine sampling in one site plus additional work on parasite analysis. Data collected in the second round (May/June 2005) are still being entered. Embrapa: - Climate (precipitation, discharge, solar radiation, wind speed, humidity) - Land use; - Soil (type, %clay, %silt, %sand, hydraulic conductivity); - Socio-economic (population size, GPD per capita, income, distribution of land ownership, etc.) We have stored this information in Excel Spreadsheet. There is a need to standardize the storage procedure and tools IRD: See 3.1

5.2 Can any of this information be usefully shared now?

Stakeholder analysis: Yes, already published and presented on Knowledge Fair. Hydrological & water-use data: Yes, already published and presented on Knowledge Fair. UZ: Yes it can because the reports, conference papers and theses are now public information available to anyone who wants. IWMI: No Embrapa: Most of the data we have gathered so far is raw data and it has to be analysed and errors must be corrected before it can be to be shared. IRD: Not yet. See Faso MAB Project for further development. (Q8-IRD-Spirales2006_FasoMAB-accepted)

5.3 Data analysed: what is the extent of your data analysis to date?

Non-published data: Ensemble analysis presently in form of rough draft article. Evaporation measurements: Only available in raw form. UZ: Collected data has been analysed and used in theses and reports. IWMI: Limited, because most data are available for one school only. Preliminary descriptive analysis done for the report to WHO. Embrapa: Data collection protocol has been defined and data pre-processing has started. IRD: In normal progress.

5.4 Information shared: what knowledge or information have you shared to date and who with?

Stakeholder analysis: Presented on Knowledge Fair. Hydrological & water-use data: Presented on Knowledge Fair. UZ: nformation written up has been shared by others in CPWF research projects, colleagues at University, water authorities. Conference papers are on the web (see ‘The 6th Waternet/Warfsa symposium – Swaziland). IWMI: So far data have only been shared internally and with the other donor (WHO).


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Embrapa: Some data collected were shared with other non CPWF projects. Homepage is been built to share data and information.

IRD: The main sharing activity – apart with students – is with the Director of the Water Management Direction (DGRE ex DGIRH; F. BOUGAIRE). This information sharing takes to different forms: (i) formal sharing through reports and papers; (ii) informal sharing through discussions. This second point is particularly important, mainly because our work focused on interactions between agriculture (and potentially deleterious inputs) and water quality is a very sensitive subject. It's fundamental to realize this kind of activities in perfect clearance with this Authority which is said, or expected, to be in the future the principal instigator of remediation procedures.

(b) Project Management element:

5.6. What notable management and implementation lessons have you learned to date, and what would you do differently as a result?

Na UZ: The project management by the Project Coordinator has been good. Just like last year, financial management in a hyperinflationary environment like Zimbabwe is very difficulty – it needs decisions and procurement to be done without any delay as prices and costs rise on a daily basis. IWMI: Even with a good and clear agreement [TONYA, SHOULD WE ADD THE IWMI-IRSS AGREEMENT?] it is not easy to work with partners over a long distance. Frequent backstopping visits are necessary; hence more are planned for the next year. The methodological approach will shift from mainly collection of primary biomedical data to a more participatory approach. In this way we hope to make up for the lost time, because with the participatory health impact assessment not only information on (perceptions of) health impacts of small reservoirs will be collected; at the same time suggestions and ideas for improved planning and management of small reservoirs will be collected. In this way, the different health-related tools will be developed in a participatory manner as well. IRD: Always the same regarding aquatic ecology in most of (French speaking?) West African countries, which remains a dramatically neglected issue: lack of specific academic formation at University and, consequently, very scarce opportunities to identify students. The only alternative is to work with students from other countries, even continents: there is a permanent turn over of French students in my lab in Ouagdougou.


Page 13 of 25

6 WRITTEN MATERIALS Please provide a copy of the materials as an annex to this report in electronic format. Materials will be posted on the CPWF web site as appropriate with your agreement and when in final form. Note: Written material which was listed in and attached to former the six monthly and third quarterly reports are not listed again.

Type/title Related to which Output Expected Date

of Publication1 Name of journal or

main user of materials

Author/s

PAPERS Papers for national seminar/conference / workshop

Small reservoir pollution mapping and water quality in the Mzingwane catchment for domestic, livestock and irrigation use.

Water quality November 2006 Waternet/Warfsa Symposium - Malawi

C. Masona and A. Senzanje, Q8-UZ-Senzanje_Masona_Abstract4-2006-WaternetSymposium

Institutional analysis of small reservoirs in the Limpopo basin

Institutional modelling November 2006 Waternet/Warfsa Symposium - Malawi

M. Munamati and A. Senzanje, Q8-UZ-Senzanje_Munamati_Warfsa_Abstract4-2006-WaternetSymposium

Modelling the response to hydrology of small multi-purpose reservoirs in the Mzingwane catchment: Limpopo basin

Reservoir modelling November 2006 Waternet/Warfsa Symposium - Malawi

S. Rukuni, A. Senzanje and E. Kaseke, Q8-UZ-Senzanje_Rukunii_Abstract4-2006-WaternetSymposium

Les Petits Barrages au Burkina Faso : un vecteur du changement social et de mutations des réalités rurales.

In press (available)

Pre forum Mondial de l'Eau, Ouagadougou Cecchi P.

Papers for international seminar/ conference /workshop

PowerPoint Presentations Ensemble analysis

PUBLICATIONS PUBLICATIONS

Journal Article: Stakeholder analysis December 2006 International Journal of Water Resources Development

Poolman&van de Giesen

Water use 2006 Irrigation&Drainage Faulkner, Steenhuis, Andreini,

1 This may not be applicable in all cases (i.e. for ‘gray’ publications such as a survey sheet)


Page 14 of 25

Systems van de Giesen Estimation of small reservoir capacity using GIS and remotely sensed surface areas: Mzingwane catchment, Limpopo basin

Reservoir modelling October 2006

Journal of Physics & Chemistry of the Earth (accepted for publication)

T. Sawunyama, A. Senzanje & A. Mhizha, Q8-UZ-Sawunyama-etal-Paper4PCE2006_110406

Impacts of land and water use on plankton diversity and water quality in small man-made reservoirs in the Limpopo basin, Zimbabwe

Water quality October 2006


L. Busane Basima, A. Senzanje, B. Marshall, and K. Schick, Q8-UZ-Basima_FRK_final090606

An assessment of the multi-purpose nature of small reservoirs, water usage, and water productivity in the Limpopo basin.

Socio-economics/water productivity October 2006


Senzanje & S. Rusere, Q8-UZ-Senzanje_Rusere_Boelee Warfsa-Paper-2005-rev

An analysis of the issues pertaining to small reservoirs usage and livelihood impacts and management in the Limpopo basin, Zimbabwe

Socio-economics and management ? Brazilian journal

(submitted for review)

P. N. Sithole, A. Senzanje, T. Sawunyama and S. Rusere, Q8-UZ-Senzanje etal-SR-socio-economics-of-use-mgt&livelihood

Notification of a toxic cyanobacterial event in Loumbila Lake, Burkina Faso.

In review Archiv für Hydrobiologie Cecchi P., Zerbo P.,Berger C., Zongo F.

Eau, Algues et Populations au Burkina Faso.

In review Cahier Santé Cecchi P.

Ruptures économiques sans ruptures sociales : le maraîchage et la santé des paysanneries sénoufo entre résilience et vulnérabilité.

n°647, 2006, pp. 49-68 Annales de Géographie Fromageot A., Cecchi P., Parent F.,

Coppietiers Y.

Working Paper:

Health and environmental impacts of small reservoirs in Burkina Faso

2.3a October 2006 IWMI Working Paper Eline Boelee & André Koné

Biogeography of cyanobacteria in Burkina Faso.

In press Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)

Gügger M.

Cyanobacterial toxicity in Burkina Faso.

In press Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (Paris)

Thomazeau S.


Page 15 of 25

Research Paper

Policy paper / brief:

Book/Monograph:

Chapters in books/proceedings:

The Small Reservoirs Project: Research to Improve Water Availability and Economic Development in Rural Semi-arid Areas.

2006/07

Proceedings for “Hydropolitics and Geopolitics in Africa” Conference

Jens Liebe, Marc Andreini, Nick van de Giesen, and Tammo Steenhuis

Other: MSc Thesis Poolman 2005

Available through www.smallreservoirs.org

Poolman

MSc Thesis Poolman 2005 Available through www.smallreservoirs.org

Faulkner

TRAINING MATERIALS

WEAP Application for basin level planning

Completed 31.05.06

Planners and academics SEI

Other:

SURVEY MATERIALS

Survey proforma:

Research protocol 2.3c & 2.3h Available (in French)

Used by field research team and basis for agreement with IRSS

Eline Boelee with contributions from Jean Noel Poda, Jean Bosco Ouedraogo and others

School questionnaire on water-related diseases

2.3e & 2.3f Available (in French)

Used by field research team

Based on original by Juerg Utzinger, adapted by Jean Noel Poda and Eline Boelee

Analysis proforma:

PROJECT INFORMATION MATERIALS Web site: www.smallreservoirs.org/

ftp://exchange.tellus.org/WEAP_Workshop_Materials_Dec_2004/. www.vulnerabilitynet.org.

Posters:

The Small Reservoirs Project: Research on distributed multi-purpose water sources

2006

EGU conference 2006, Abstract available through http://www.cosis.net/abstracts/EGU06/02440/EGU06-J-02440.pdf

Jens Liebe, Joshua Faulkner, Tammo Steenhuis, and Marc Andreini

Posters:

Brochures:

Newsletters:

Other:


Page 16 of 25

ANY OTHER WRITTEN MATERIALS THAT DO NOT FALL UNDER THE ABOVE CATEGORIES Report Donor report to WHO

2.3c, 2.3g & 2.3h Submitted to WHO on 11 May 2006

Used by WHO to assess project progress

Eline Boelee

Agreement between IWMI and IRSS

2.3c, 2.3e, 2.3f, 2.3g, 2.3h Signed October 2005

Used by IRSS to determine targets and by IWMI to determine performance

Eline Boelee based on standard IWMI agreement (see Agreement IWMI_IRSS_0905 e-project file)

Reconnaissance Safety Inspection Report for Small Dams - A Case Study of Filbuasi, Limpopo Basin, Zimbabwe

Extra work to partners ZINWA on engineering integrity of small dams.

Blessing Javani, A. Senzanje Q8-UZ-SR-SafetyInspectionReport

Small reservoir water quality monitoring in Mzingwane Catchment (Zimbabwe) for domestic, livestock and irrigation use. March/ April Report 2006

Water quality May 2006 Extra work to partners ZINWA on general seasonal water quality of water in small dams.

Chipo Masona, Dr. A. Senzanje Q8-UZ-WaterQualityMonitoringSummery-partI

FASO Mab Proposal

Feb. 2006 (available in French)

IRD Cecchi P. (see Q8-IRD-Spirales2006_FasoMAB-accepted)


Page 17 of 25

7 COMMUNICATIONS ACTIVITIES

Type Where held When held

Who aimed at Outcome

PROJECT MANAGEMENT MEETINGS Workshop Boston July 2005 Project partners Revised milestone plans, concept notes for knowledge sharing

activities, presentations of the individual components NATIONAL SEMINARS / CONFERENCES / WORKSHOPS Presentation IWMI Ghana 27/March/20

06 Discussion

Working Seminar IWMI Ghana at CSIR WRI

April 2006 Partner of the CPWF Volta Basin projects

Networks, exercises for impact pathway tools, like network maps and matrices

REGIONAL SEMINARS / CONFERENCES / WORKSHOP S Waternet/Warfsa symposium

Swaziland November 2005

Regional scientists Symposium proceedings. Good papers get reviewed for publication in refereed journal.

INTERNATIONAL SEMINARS / CONFERENCES / WORKSHOP S Presentation AGU Fall Meeting December

2005 Peers Proceedings

Presentation IAHS, Brazil April 2005 LANDSCAPE SATURATION STATUS ESTIMATION FOR UNGAUGED WATERSHEDS IN NORTHERN GHANA THROUGH MONITORING OF SMALL RESERVOIRS WITH SAR IMAGERY

FARMER GROUP MEETINGS / WORKSHOPS / TRAINING SESSIONS / DEMONSTRATIONS Farmers meetings during socio-economic survey

Siwaze sub-basin October & November 2005

Farmers, local authorities and key persons.

Report

Farmers meetings White Volta Basin Feb./Mar. 06 Apr./May 06

Farmers, local authorities and key persons.

Report

FIELD VISITS TO PROJECT PARTNERS Field visits Siwaze sub-basin Through out Students &

stakeholders BTO reports

Field visit by Eline Boelee

Burkina Faso: Ouagadougou, Koubri and Kaya

October 2005 IRSS (local partner), IRD

Site selection, finalization of research protocol, handing over research material

Field visit by Hammou Laamrani

Burkina Faso: Ouagadougou, Koubri and Kaya

April 2006 IRSS, new partners

Refocusing of field studies towards more participatory approach

OTHER KEY COMMUNICATIONS ACTIVITIES Teaching Delft & Kumasi 2005 Students Inclusion of research finding in water resource management

teaching e-mail exchanges Over internet Biweekly IRSS Largely one-way traffic Messenger chats Over internet monthly IRD Good sharing of concerns, site issues, aligning of approaches e-mail exchanges & messenger chats

Internet monthly IWMI (Eline Boelee)

Good sharing of concerns, site issues, aligning of approaches

e-mail exchanges Internet Regular Other SRP Team members

Sharing and organization of our further field campaign in Ghana.

VIDEOS / DVDs / PLAYS / SONGS / ORAL MATERIALS PRODUCED / RADIO PRESENTATIONS / TELEVISION Panel discussion on local radio

Bolgatanga Mar. 06 Local Communities, national and regional authorities

Radio program

"Rôle et importance des cyanobactéries dans les ecosystems aquatiques."

Radio Télevision du Burkina (RTB)

March 29 and April 02, 2006 (30 min.)

Vulgarization By Philippe CECCHI (Jean Baptiste DIPAMA, reporter)

What other communications activities did you undertake to keep in contact with your stakeholders over the year? Please note also any plans for the future, and any constraints to communicating as much as your would wish (other than financial resources for international and regional travel - that is a given)


Page 18 of 25

UZ: Informal meetings and visits to ZINWA IRD: Information sharing is a fundamental issue regarding aquatic ecology in general and the cyanobacterial issue in particular. The most relevant way for that is to give a free access to data ant their interpretation. IRD gave us a small grant to develop an interactive atlas of lakes and reservoirs in Burkina Faso (FASO Mab project). Purpose is, for the first year, to develop a GIS at the national scale and to produce a dozen of thematic maps designed to present and explain the "contexts" surrounding Small Reservoirs in Burkina Faso (climatic, demographic, sanitary, etc.). For the second year, the purpose is to use this interactive GIS to stock and capitalize all the environmental and ecological data acquired during the Small Reservoirs Project. This system will be implemented on the institutional web site of DGRE (ex DGIRH). The farming community that you are working with? Policy makers, other decision makers and users of research that your project is aimed at? Continued dialogue with Water Resources Commission, Ghana ZINWA officials at HQ and technicians in the field Regular contact with extension workers and from water agencies. Your partners? Yearly meeting, Water Week 2006 Regular project meetings and e-mail communications. Others – including the general public? Farmers Project results will be presented in national meetings and published in journals and homepage will be developed. What, if anything, do you think the CPWF (as a community) could do to reach a wider audience of scientists, policy makers, development agencies, extension workers, farming communities (others?) to increase the flow of information of your research results to users, or to increase the two way flow of information with your peers and users of your research? (this is not a compulsory question to answer but we want to get your views on how better to get the results of your research out and how better to link with your users without discriminating against any groups.) Miscellaneous presentations, Association of African Academy of Sciences, World Bank Scientific community – workshops and conferences

8 INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY ISSUES Please note any significant IP issues that may have arisen in the reporting period. None


Page 19 of 25

9 HIGHLIGHTS OF YOUR WORK THIS YEAR 1. What elements of your work this year do you want to highlight for inclusion in scientific reports that are produced by the CPWF (particularly the synthesis reports that capture your work from perspectives of the new understanding you are contributing to research, the impact for the basins which you work in, and the implications for other basins.) Stakeholder analysis and limitations of participatory approaches a) Papers from research work published. These go very far in sharing information. b) Posters presented at regional workshop The current year was and remains already a capitalization one (field sampling and surveys, experimental design, etc.). Data analysis and presentation through, first, informal (grey) literature is now a priority. Scientific formal production is an evidence. The FASO Mab concept could be an example of the kind of output expected by institutional / national stakeholders and local scientific partners. We hope to highlight in a quick future the virtues of such an instrument to share information and data, and, maybe, to enhance participative approaches (using the heuristic strength associated to map and spatial representation). 2. Other than the research being undertaken, are there any project management techniques – including partnerships that would not otherwise have happened, influence on the priority setting process within your institute, closer contact with a farming community, a different way of interacting with end users, access and management of funds, that you have used as a result of being contracted under the CPWF that would not have been possible under other programs? Positive / negative. No (One page only for your responses please to the two sections. Note that we use this information for various reports to committees, for briefing donors, and other communications activities)


Page 20 of 25

10 STATUS OF EXPENDITURES AND RECEIPTS TO DATE (US$) 10 (a) Expenditures You are required to report expenditures against your summary budget. Please edit the spreadsheet below by adding your total agreed budget and allocating the funds received to date (see question 9 (b)) against the appropriate line item.

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Page 21 of 25

Remuneration Add. 3.2.5. Money transfers to as reported to PL by IWMI finances department for the 2nd project year Partner Investigators Amount US$ Date of

transaction Accumulative Sum to PIs

June 2006

TU Delft 8,543 15.02.06 19,048 17.08.05 61,096SEI 1,000 15.02.06 18,000 17.08.05 58,295UZ 55,400 15.02.06 34,000 17.08.05 148,692WRI 14,700 15.02.06 10,200 17.08.05 115,151EMBRAPA 85,656 15.02.06 48,500 17.08.05 180,782IRD 35,614 15.02.06 10,543 17.08.05 76,326IWMI 243,937


Page 22 of 25

10 (b) Receipts

1 Total project budget (a) 1,250,816 $ 2 1st tranche payment received 96,146 $ 2nd tranche payment received 144,219 $ 3rd tranche payment received 240,365 $ 4th tranche payment received 214,275 $ (insert more tranche payments as appropriate) $

3 Total funds received to date (b) 695,005 $ 4 Balance of budget remaining (a – b) 555,811 $

10 (c) Matching Funds

Name of Institute Type of support Is this as agreed, or are there deviations

Risk to project in the case of deviations

Embrapa Salaries of for Embrapa’s researchers.

As agreed. None

Delft University of Technology

Mainly staff time and associated support costs

As agreed n/a

University of Zimbabwe SSAE

Resources (staff time and equipment)

As agreed n/a

Water Research Institute

Staff Salary

Institut de recherche pour le développement

Resources (staff time and equipment)

As agreed none

Stockholm Environment Institute

In-kind and matching funds Yes, as agreed none

10 (d) General Overview Comment on expenditure compared with project progress - is it on track?

(state any deviations, action taken, any risk to the project)

On track

Comment on time spent compared with project progress - is it on track?

(state any deviations, action taken, any risk to the project)

On track UZ: The seasonality of hydrologic data collection and university calendar sometimes conflict.

Comment on matching funds and explain why, if they are not on track as agreed ?

(state any deviations, action taken, any risk to the project) On track Embrapa: It is on track, but we had to put much more time on it than was planned.


Page 23 of 25

11. CPWF ASSESSMENTS *

Basin Coordinator Theme Leader Managing Centre

Administrator Consolidated assessment Assessment *

1 2 3 X 1 2 3 X 1 2 3 X Is the Project contributing quality outputs towards Basin and Theme priorities?

Have you verified the progress and dissemination reported?

Is the Project working according to its plan?

Is the project sufficiently focused on CPWF objectives?

Does the project demonstrate a new research approach in the spirit of CPWF?

Are provisions for stakeholder and end user involvement adequate?

Are provisions for addressing gender issues adequate?

Are provisions for addressing environmental issues adequate?

It is important that you provide feedback to the project leader on any actions suggested to resolve any inadequate assessments as well as observations and comments regarding progress to date and any technical, management or dissemination issues that you would like to provide. These should be provided to the project leader by the Managing Centre. A separate page is provided for you to provide these comments.

* Assessment: (1) Good: a high standard of work; (2) Adequate: an acceptable standard of work, but improvements are possible; (3) Inadequate: this aspect of the project is not up to standard and must be improved; (X) Not known.

RECOMMENDATION TO CPWF SECRETARIAT: SATISFACTORY / UNSATISFACTORY / TERMINATE

Is there a need to change the plan of the project. If so, why and how?

Comments to Secretariat from Managing Center to support this recommendation (optional):


Page 24 of 25

Feedback Comments from the Theme Leader to be provided to the Project Leader by the Managing Centre

Feedback Comments from the Basin Coordinator to be provided to the Project Leader by the Managing Centre

Note: the space available here for comments is not meant to be restrictive – use as much space as necessary


Page 25 of 25

Attachment: List of thematic outputs / basins / projects

Predicted Outputs of the CPWF Phase 1

Themes and priority areas Project outputs

Crop water productivity improvement ThemeFirst generation of aerobic rice germplasm 16 X X X XImproved drought tolerant varieties of various crops 2 6 X XNew salt-tolerant breeding lines and varieties 7 X X X

Improved rice-based cropping systems 11 10 XTechnologies for improved crop-water-nutrient management 1 5 30 X XCrop production risk management strategies 6 37 8 12 X

Tools and methods for quantifying water quality 15 38 51 10 x x xIntegrating multiple uses of water 28 35 8 x x

Strategies for enhanced adoption of drought-tolerant crops 1 2 5 37 X X X XInstitutional and policy options for improved crop water productivity 1 5 12 X

Water and people in catchments ThemeMethods of assessing diversity and dynamics of livelihoods 24 20 25 XImpacts of payment of environmental services on poverty 22 XOptions for enhancing forest and water-based livelihoods 23 X

Guidelines for allocation of wetland resources 30 XOptions for integrated forest and water management 23 37 8 20 46 X X

Guidelines for multiple use water supply systems and water sharing 28 8 25 46 X X X X XImproved agroforestry methods to enhance farmers' income 23 20 X X X

Guidelines for multiple use water supply systems 28 37 x x x x xImpact of QSMAS on farmer's income 15 20 x x x

Aquatic ecosystems and fisheries ThemeInstitutional mechanisms for integrating fish and crop production 35 X X XPolicies for sustainable fisheries 34 36 52 10 x x

Strategies for improving wetland-based livelihoods 30 XTrade-off analysis tools 30 x x

Methodologies for assessing water productivity in fisheries 35 X X XStrategies for management of reservoir fisheries 34 35 36 46 X X XMethodologies for integrating fish and crop production 35 10 X X X

Integrated basin water management systems ThemeLivestock and environmental decision support systems 37 10 30 12 XWater allocation and management negotiation tools 50 25 XReservoir planning and management tools, incl. fisheries 36 46 X X X X X

Strategies to reduce health risks associated with urban agriculture 38 51 XTechnologies and management practices for optimal water allocation 30 8 12 20 46 X X X

Institutional arrangements enhancing basin level water productivity 23 47 10 8 12 25 46 X X X X XInstitutional models for basin level natural resources governance 17 40 47 50 42 X X X X X

The global and national food and water system ThemeProduction input and output pricing policies 1 5 X X X X X XEnvironment, water and agricultural policies that enhance water productivity 35 37 52 20 X X X

Investment opportunities in informal irrigation 38 X XOption for investments in inter-basin water transfers 48 X

Options for enhancing transboundary water governance 17 40 47 50 42 X X X X XOptions for transboundary cooperation 50 x

Adaption strategiest to global change 53 x x xPolicy analysis tool for adapting to global change 53 x x

Policy, institution and governance

Examining water and poverty in upper catchments

Innovative technologies and management strategies

Globalization, trade and macroeconomic and sectoral policies

Valuation of ecosystem goods and servcies,

Transboundary water policy and institutions

incentives, investment and financing

Adapting to changes in the global water cycle

Improving water productivity of aquatic ecosystems

Integrated decision support tools and information

Effective policies and institutional mechanisms

Policies and institutions

Identifying the basis for increasing the provision of adequate water

Enabling change

Generating knowledge

Oth

er

Plant breeding for water-efficient and stress-tolerant crops

Water-saving farm practices

Need-based water supply

Yel

low

Indo

-Gan

g

Kar

kheh

Lim

popo

Nile

Sao

Fra

nContributing projects

Vol

ta

Mek

ong

And

es

Documents

ANNUAL REPORT June 2006 - Small Reservoirs · ANNUAL REPORT June 2006 ... ˙˝˛˚ ˆ 1 PROJECT PROFILE ... Steakholder meetings and