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NOMBRE: Menfil Antonio Gabriel González

MAESTRA: Melina Chivichon

GRADO: 4to.

SECCION: C

CURSO: Ingles

CARRERA: Bachillerato en Medicina

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Indice

1.________________________________________ caratula

2________________________________________indice

3_____________________________________ presen simple

4____________________________________simple past

5____________________inrregular and regular verbs

6__________________________ Grafía

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Present Simple

When we talk about the different tenses, we need to talk about how to form the tense and when

we use it. Therefore, in this lesson, as with all other tenses lessons, we will look at the structure

and use.

Grammatical Rules ( orks rules)

Form (Form)

To orks o e the present simple we use the infinitive for subject “I”, “you”, “we” and “they” and for

another “he”, “she” and “it”, we add a “-s” to end of the verb.

Sujeto Conjugación

I, you, we, they talk, eat, learn, do, go…

he, she, it talks, eats, learns, does, goes…

Note: There are exceptions of spelling in the third person, according to the letter verb ending.

The rules are the same as those used to form the plural of nouns.Sujeto + verbo. Examples

I talk. (Yo hablo.)

He eats. (Él come.)

They learn. (Ellos aprenden.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to do) + auxiliar negativo (“not”) + verbo.

Ejemplos:

I do not [don’t] talk. (Yo no hablo.)

He does not [doesn’t] eat. (Él no come.)

They do not [don’t] learn. (Ellos no aprenden.)

Note: In negative sentences, the auxiliary verb (“to do”) changes and the main verb is in the

infinitive.

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas) Verbo auxiliar (to do) + sujeto + verbo principal?

Ejemplos:

Do you talk? (¿Hablas tú?)

Does he eat? (¿Come él?)

Do they learn? (¿Aprenden ellos?)

Note: As in negative sentences, interrogative sentences in the auxiliary verb (“to do”) changes and

the main verb is in the infinitive.

Uses (Applications)

4. The present tense is used to talk about things that usually happen. Unlike the Spanish, the

simple present is not used to talk about something that is happening at the orks o in which

we speak.

It is typically used with the present simple adverbs of time: always (siempre), every day (cada día),

usually (normalmente),

often (a menudo), sometimes (a veces), rarely (raramente),

hardly ever (casi nunca), never (nunca)…

Ejemplos:

I always talk to my mother on Sunday. (Siempre hablo con mi madre el domingo.)

He never eats vegetables. (Nunca come las verduras.)

They usually learn something new in class. (Normalmente aprenden algo nuevo en la clase.)

Exception:

Time adverbs go before the verb, except the verb “to be” (ser / estar). When “to be” used the

verb goes before the adverb.

Examples:

I am always happy. (Siempre estoy contento.)

He is often sick. (A menudo él está enfermo.)

They are rarely late. (En raras ocasiones llegan tarde.)

2. Se utiliza para hablar de generalidades o hechos científicos.

Ejemplos:

He does not [doesn’t] eat vegetables. (Él no come verduras.)

She orks in a hospital. (Ella trabaja en una hospital.)

Elephants live in Africa. (Los elefantes viven en África.)

Bogota is in Colombia. (Bogotá está en Colombia.)

Do children like animals? (¿Les gustan a los niños los animales?)

Adults do not [don’t] know everything. (Los adultos no lo saben todo.)

3. Se usa para eventos programados en el futuro próximo.

Ejemplos:

The train leaves at 10:00. (El tren sale a las 10h.)

The party is tonight. (La fiesta es esta noche.)

Does the festival start tomorrow? (¿Empieza el festival mañana?)

The plane does not [doesn’t] arrive today. (El avión no llega hoy.)

4. Se usa para instrucciones (el imperativo).

Ejemplos:

Open the window. (Abre la ventana.)

Eat the vegetables. (Come las verduras.)

Don’t cry. (No llores.)

Do your homework. (Haz los deberes.)

Call your mother. (Llama a tu madre.)

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Past Simple There are many ways to talk about the past in English, but the simple past is the most common

form. The simple past tense in English is equivalent to the indefinite imperfect and past tense of

the Spanish past. We use the past simple to complete actions in the past. The time period of these

actions is not important as in Spanish. In the past simple and there are regular verbs irregular

verbs.Grammatical Rules (Reglas gramaticales)

Form (Forma)

To form the past simple regular verbs, we use the infinitive and add the ending “-ed”. The form is

the same for everyone (I, you, he, she, it, we, They).

Examples: want → wanted

learn → learned

stay → stayed

walk → walked

show → showed

Excepciones:

5. Para verbos que terminan en una “e”, sólo añadimos “-d”.

Ejemplos:

change → changed

believe → believed

2. If the verb ends in a short vowel and a consonant (except “and” or “w”), we oung the consonant

final.Ejemplos:

Ejemplos:

stop → stopped

commit → committed

3. Con verbos que terminan en una consonante y una “y”, se cambia la “y” por una “i”.

Ejemplos:

study → studied

try → tried

Note: There are many irregular verbs in English. Unfortunately, there is no established standard

for train. See a list of irregular verbs here. Then you have the three most common irregular verbs

and acting as auxiliary verbs.Verb Past simple

be was (I, he, she, it)

were (you, we, they)

do did

have had

Pronunciation (pronunciation)

We pronounce the ending “-ed” differently depending on the letter that the end

of the infinitive. In general the “e” is silent.

6. infinitives ending in “p”, “f”, “k” and “s” (voiceless consonants except “t”)

pronounce the ending “-ed” as a “t”.

Examples:

Looked [lukt]

Kissed [Kisst]

2. infinitives ending in “b”, “g”, “l”, “m”, “n”, “v”, “z” (voiced consonants except

“d”) or a vowel, we pronounce only “d”.

Ejemplos:

yelled [jeld]

cleaned [klind]

3. Con los infinitivos que terminan en “d” o “t”, pronunciamos la “e” como una “i”.

Ejemplos:

ended [endid]

waited [weitid]

Structure (Estructura)

7. Affirmative Sentences (Frases afirmativas)

Sujeto + verbo principal…

Ejemplos:

She was a doctor. (Era doctora.)

The keys were in the drawer. (Las llaves estaban en el cajón.)

I wanted to dance. (Quería bailar.)

They learned English. (Aprendieron inglés.)

We believed him. (Le creímos.)

I bought a blue car. (Compré un coche azul.)

2. Negative Sentences (Frases negativas)

To be:

Sujeto + “to be” + “not”…

Ejemplos:

She wasn’t a doctor. (Ella no era doctora.)

The keys weren’t in the drawer. (Las llaves no estaban en el cajón.)

Nota: El verbo “to have got”, que en el presente simple sigue las mismas reglas que el verbo “to

be”, no puede ser utilizado en el pasado. Para indicar la posesión en el pasado, usamos el verbo

“to have”.

Todos los verbos demás:

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar (to do) + “not” + verbo principal (en infinitivo)…

Ejemplos:

I didn’t want to dance. (No quería bailar.)

They didn’t learn English. (No aprendieron inglés)

We didn’t believe him. (No le creímos.)

I didn’t buy a blue car. (No compré un coche azul.)

Nota: En frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en pasado (“did”) y el verbo principal se queda en el

infinitivo.

3. Interrogative Sentences (Frases interrogativas)

To be:

“To be” + sujeto…?

Ejemplos:

Was she a doctor? (¿Era doctora?)

Were the keys in the drawer? (¿Estaban las llaves en el cajón?)

Todos los demás verbos:

Verbo auxiliar (to do) + sujeto + verbo principal (en infinitivo)…?

Ejemplos

Did you want to dance? (¿Querías bailar?)

Did they learn English? (¿Aprendieron inglés?)

Did you believe him? (¿Le creíste?)

Did you buy a blue car? (¿Compraste un coche azul?)

Nota: Al igual que en las frases negativas, el verbo auxiliar va en pasado (“did”) y el verbo principal

se queda en el infinitivo.

Uses (Usos)

8. El pasado simple se utiliza para hablar de una acción concreta que comenzó y acabó en el

pasado. En este caso equivale al pretérito indefinido español. Generalmente, lo usamos

con adverbios de tiempo como “last year”, “yesterday”,“last night”…

Ejemplos:

Tom stayed at home last night. (Tom se quedó en casa anoche.)

Kate worked last Saturday. (Kate trabajó el sábado pasado.)

I didn’t go to the party yesterday. (No fui a la fiesta ayer.)

Did they walk to school this morning? (¿Han andado a la escuela esta mañana?)

2. Se usa el pasado simple para un serie de acciones en el pasado.

Ejemplos:

I received the good news and immediately called my husband. (Recibí la buena noticia y llamé de

inmediato a mi marido.)

He studied for an hour in the morning, worked all afternoon and didn’t returnhome until 10 at

night. (Estudió durante una hora por la mañana, trabajó toda la tarde y no regresó a casa hasta las

10 de la noche.)

3. También lo usamos para acciones repetidas o habituales en el pasado, como se usa el pretérito

imperfecto español.

Ejemplos:

We always traveled to Cancun for vacation when we were oung. (Siempre viajábamos a Cancun

durante las vacaciones cuando éramos jóvenes.)

He walked 5 kilometers every day to work. (Caminaba 5 kilómetros hasta el trabajo cada día.)

4. Lo usamos para narraciones o acciones de períodos de largo tiempo en el pasado, como el

pretérito imperfecto español.

Ejemplos:

I worked for many years in a museum. (Trabajaba en un museo durante muchos años.)

She didn’t eat meat for years. (No comía carne durante años.)

9. Se utiliza para hablar de generalidades o hechos del pasado.

Ejemplos:

The Aztec lived in Mexico. (Los aztecas vivían en México)

I played the guitar when I was a child. (Tocaba la guitarra cuando era niño.)

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verbos irregulares

INFINITIVO PASADO PARTICIPIO SIGNIFICADO

arise arose arisen Elevarse, surgir, originarse.

awake awoke awoken Despertar, mover, excitar.

bear bore born Soportar, sostener, tolerar.

beat beat beaten Batir,revolver, golpear, vencer.

become became become Hacerse,tornarse,convertirse en.

begin began begun Empezar, iniciar.

bend bent bent Doblar, inclinar, torcer.

bet bet bet Apostar

bind bound bound Atar, unir, enlazar.

bite bit bitten Morder.

blow blew blown Soplar

break broke broken Quebrar, partir, romper.

bring brought brought Traer, llevar, conducir.

build built built Construir, edificar.

burn burnt burnt Quemar, incendiar.

burst burst burst Romper, reventar.

buy bought bought Comprar

catch caught caught Coger, asir, atrapar.

choose chose chosen Escoger, elegir.

cling clung clung Asirse, adherirse, pegarse.

come came come Venir

cost cost cost Costar

creep crept crept Arrastrarse,deslizarse, pegarse.

cut cut cut Cortar, dividir.

deal dealt dealt Tratar, tener que referirse.

dig dug dug Cavar, ahondar.

do did done Hacer, ejecutar.

draw drew drawn Tirar, arrastrarse, atraer, dibujar.

drink drank drunk Beber

drive drove driven Impulsar, conducir, llevar, inducir.

fall fell fallen Caer, disminuir.

feed fed fed Alimentar, nutrir.

feel felt felt Sentir, percibir, tocar.

fight fought fought Pelear, combatir.

find found found Encontrar, descubrir.

find out found out found out Averiguar, investigar.

flee fled fled Escapar, huír, evitar.

fly flew flown Volar

forbid forbade forbidden Prohibir.

foresee foresaw foreseen Prever, prevenir

forget forgot forgotten Olvidar (se)

forgive forgave forgiven Perdonar

freeze froze frozen Congelar

get got got (ten) Lograr, obtener, conseguir.

give gave given Dar, conceder.

go went gone Ir (se), funcionar, resultar.

grind ground ground Moler, triturar.

grow grew grown Crecer, cultivar.

hang hung hung Colgar, Suspender.

have had had Tener, haber.

hear heard heard Oír, escuchar.

hide hid hid (den) Ocultar, encubrir.

hit hit hit Pegar, golpear, acertar.

hold held held Sostener,mantener,contener.

hurt hurt hurt Herir, dañar, lastimar.

keep kept kept Mantener,guardar,conservar.

know knew known Conocer, saber.

lay laid laid Poner, colocar.

lead led led Guiar, llevar, conducir.

lean leant leant Inclinar(se), apoyarse.

learn learnt learnt Aprender, saber.

leave left left Partir, irse, abandonar.

lend lent lent Prestar

let let let Permitir, conceder.

lie lay lain Tenderse, descansar, estar, situado.

light lit lit Alumbrar, iluminar, encender (se).

lose lost lost Perder, malgastar.

make made made Hacer, confeccionar, producir.

mean meant meant Significar,querer decir pretender.

meet met met Encontrarse, satisfacer.

melt melted molten (old) Derretir(se), fundir(se).

mistake mistook mistaken Equivocarse, comprender mal, errar

misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood Entender mal.

overcome overcame overcome Vencer, superar, sobreponerse.

pay paid paid Pagar, recompensar.

put put put Poner,colocar, exponer.

read read read Leer,descifrar, marcar.

rebuild rebuilt rebuilt Reconstruir

rid rid rid Librarse, zafarse.

ride rode ridden Rodar, tener juego, funcionar.

ring rang rung Tocar, sonar.

rise rose risen Ascender,elevarse,levantarse, surgir.

run ran run Correr, funcionar.

saw sawed sawn Cortar con sierra, aserrar.

say said said Decir, afirmar.

see saw seen Ver, observar.

seek sought sought Buscar, solicitar.

sell sold sold Vender

send sent sent Enviar

set set set Instalar, establecer, colocar, fijar.

shake shook shaken Sacudir, lanzar, agitar.

shed shed shed Derramar, esparcir, dejar caer.

shine shone shone Brillar, relumbrar, sobresalir.

shoot shot shot Disparar, emitir, lanzar.

show showed shown Mostrar, excibir, probar, demostar.

shrink shrank shrunk Encogerse, disminuir, desaparecer.

shut shut shut Cerrar, impedir, excluír.

sing sang sung Cantar

sink sank sunk Hundir, sumergir

sit sat sat Sentarse, reunirse.

sleep slept slept Dormir

slide slid slid(den) Resbalar, deslizarse, escabullirse.

smell smelt smelt Oler, percibir.

speak spoke spoken Hablar, decir.

speed sped sped Acelerar, apresurarse.

spend spent spent Gastar, consumir, emplear (tiempo).

spill spilt spilt Derramar, verter, divulgar.

spin spun spun Tornear, hilar, hacer girar.

split split split Partir, dividir, separar, reventar.

spoil spoilt spoilt Deteriorar, dañar, inutilizar.

spread spread spread Extender, esparcir, propagar.

spring sprang sprung Saltar, soltar, brotar, surgir.

stand stood stood Pararse, tolerar, estar (de pié).

steal stole stolen Robar, escabullirse.

stick stuck stuck Pegar, adherirse, prender, fijar.

stink stank stunk Oler mal, apestar.

strike struck struck Golpear, pegar, estallar.

swell swelled swollen Hinchar, inflamar, engrosar.

swim swam swum Nadar, flotar.

swing swung swung Balancera(se), hacer girar.

take took taken Tomar, llevar.

teach taught taught Enseñar

tear tore torn Romper, despedazar, rasgar.

tell told told Decir, contar, narrar.

think thought thought Pensar, creer.

throw threw thrown Lanzar, tirar, impeler, arrojar.

thrust thrust thrust Introducir con violencia, empujar, impeler

undergo underwent undergone Sufrir, experimentar, pasar por.

understand understood understood Comprender.

undertake undertook undertaken Emprender, comenzar algo.

undo undid undone Desarmar, deshacer.

wake woke woke (n) Despertar, excitar.

wear Wore worn Gastar(se), consumirse, usar.

win Won won Ganar, conquistar.

wind Wound wound Enroscar(se), serpentear, girar.

withdraw Withdrew withdrawn Retirar, retractarse, quitar.

withstand Withstood withstood Resistir, oponerse, soportar.

REGULAR VERBS INFI

NITI

VO

PASADO Y

PARTICIPIO

SIGNIFICADO PRONUNCIACION TERMINA

CION

act Acted Actuar id

add Added Sumar, añadir id

aid Aided Ayudar id

arre

st

Arrested Arrestar id

assi

st

Assisted Ayudar id

atten

d

Attended Asistir, ir id

addr

ess

Addressed Dirigirse t

adve

rtise

Advertised Anunciar t

amu

se

Amused Entretener t

appr

oach

Approached Acercarse t

ask Asked Preguntar, pedir t

acco

mpa

ny

Accompanie

d

Acompañar d

accu

stom

accustomed Acostumbrar d

agre

e

agreed Concordar d

anno

y

annoyed Molestar d

ans

wer

answered Responder d

appe

al

applealed Atraer d

appe

ar

appeared Aparecer d

arra

nge

arranged Arreglar,

ordenar

d

arriv

e

arrived Arribar d

acco

mpa

ny

accompanie

d

Acompañar d

accu

stom

accustomed Acostumbrar d

agre

e

agreed Concordar d

anno

y

annoyed Molestar d

ans

wer

answered Responder d

appe

al

applealed Atraer d

appe

ar

appeared Aparecer d

arra

nge

arranged Arreglar,

ordenar

d

boar

d

boarded Abordar id

bala

nce

balanced Equilibrar t

bani

sh

banished Desterrar t

bark barked Ladrar t

bles

s

blessed Bendecir t

brus

h

brushed Cepillar t

beha

ve

behaved Comportarse d

belo

ng

belonged Pertenecer d

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EGRAFIA

Leer más: http://www.monografias.com/trabajos95/verbos-irregulares-ingles/verbos-irregulares-

ingles2.shtml#ixzz47dJpQaeg

http://www.curso-ingles.com/aprender/cursos/nivel-intermedio/verb-tenses-past/past-simple