TAIWAN(TAIPEI)

Multi party democracy ay ang pinakamalaking pulo sa Republika ng Tsina

(Republic of China; ROC) sa Silangang Asya Matatagpuan ang Taiwan sa silangan ng Kipot ng

Taiwan, sa dakong timog-silangang baybayin ng Punong-lupain ng Tsina

Ang mga pangunahing pulo ng pangkat ay 394 km (245 milya) ang haba at 144 km (89 mi) ang lapad. Naihiwalay ito mula sa kontinente ng Asya ng 180-kilometro kalapad na Kipot ng Taiwan

Pahilagang-silangan ay ang mga pangunahing pulo ng Hapon, at ang katimugang dulo ng Kapuluan ng Ryukyu ng Hapon ay katapat sa silangan; ang Pilipinas ay matataputan sa timog. Bulubundukin ang pulo at matatagpuan sa Tropiko ng Kanser.

Nababalutan ito ng mga halamang tropikal at subtropikal. Ang iba pang mga maliliit na grupo ng pulo ay ang Pescadores, Pulong Lunti at Pulo ng Orkidya; pati na rin ang Kapuluan ng Diaoyutai na kontrolado ng Hapon mula noong dekada 1970 at kilala bilang Senkaku-shotō

Lokasyon : Pacific Ocean 120 km (74.6 mi) sa baybayin ng mainland China

Ang Taiwan ay bulubundukin sa silangan pababa sa kapatagan sa silangan. Ang Mga pulo ng Penghu ay nasa kanluran ng Taiwan.

Sakop : 34,507 km² (13,323.2 sq mi)Populasyon : 23,046,177 Pinakamataas na pook : Yushan ( Jade

Mountain ) (3,952 m (12,966 f

CLIMATE Taiwan has two distinctive seasons: hot (May- October) and cool

(November- March). High humidity is present year round. During the close of the hot season, a seasonal weather situation

occurs- and sometimes leave with disastrous results. August through October is also known as the typhoon season.

Taifeng (the English word, derived from Chinese) meaning, great wind, are violent storms that occur no less than half a dozen times during the typhoon season. These storms sweep through the island at wind speeds up to 99 miles per hour. The aftermath of major typhoons capsize ships, flood low-lying cities, trigger landslides, and blow down buildings.

EARTHQUAKES

The island of Taiwan is considered seismologically unstable. Taiwan is located on two plates that grind together (the Eurasian Plate is moving under the Philippine Plate at a rate of approximately 3 inches per year). This grinding of plates builds up tremendous pressure that sometimes results in damaging earthquakes.

The area of Taiwan that receives the most tremors is the city and surrounding area of Hualien- on the eastern coast of the island. This is because Hualien is the closest to the subduction zone (meaning between the two plates). In addition the earthquake activity in Hualien, the entire island of Taiwan is occupied by numerous fault lines .

POLLUTION Air and water pollution are the most common forms of

environmental damage noticeable in Taiwan. The air pollution is apparent by observing the sky during a sun rise or sun set- the horizon is hazy and often limits visibility of skyline views of the cities of Taiwan.

The air pollution in Taiwan is a result of the dense population's vehicles, (scooter, cars, trucks, and buses) which have high amounts of unfiltered or old exhaust systems. This air pollution causes many health problems for residents. In an effort to protect their lungs, many people who drive scooters everyday wear masks over their mouth and nose.

Advanced EconomyTaiwan MiracleHigh Income EconomyStandard MandarinGDP: $473.97 billion USD

FACTS AND FIGURESRepublic of China

National name: Zhonghua MinguoCurrent government officialsLanguages: Chinese (Mandarin, official), Taiwanese (Min), Hakka dialectsEthnicity/race: Taiwanese (including Hakka) 84%, mainland Chinese 14%, aborigine 2%Religions: mixture of Buddhist, Confucian, and Taoist 93%, Christian 4.5%, other 2.5%

Literacy rate: 96.1%Economic summary: GDP/PPP (2011 est.):

$875.9 billion; per capita $37,700.Real growth rate: 4%. Inflation:1.4%Unemployment: 4.4%Arable land: 24%Agriculture: rice, vegetables, fruit, tea, flowers,

pigs, poultry, fish. Labor force: 11.2 million; agriculture 1.8%, industry 30.4%, services 67.8%.

Industries: electronics, communications and information technology products, petroleum refining, armaments, chemicals, textiles, iron and steel, machinery, cement, food processing, vehicles, consumer products, pharmaceuticals. Natural resources: small deposits of coal, natural gas, limestone, marble, asbestos. Exports: $307 billion (2011 est.): electronics, flat panels, machinery; metals; textiles, plastics, chemicals; optical, photographic, measuring, and medical instruments. Imports: $279.2 billion (2011 est.): electronics, machinery, crude petroleum, precision instruments, organic chemicals, metals.

Major trading partners: China, U.S., Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, Saudi Arabia (2010).Communications: Telephones: main lines in use: 16.907 million (2011); mobile cellular: 28.862 million (2011). Broadcast media: free-to-air nationwide television networks operating roughly 75 TV stations; about 85% of households utilize multi-channel cable TV; national and regional radio networks with about 170 radio stations broadcasting (2008) Internet hosts: 6.272 million (2012).Internet users: 16.147 million (2009).

Transportation: Railways: total: 1,580 km (2010). Highways: total: 41,475 km; paved: 41,033 km

(including 720 km of expressways); unpaved: 442 km (2009).

Ports and harbors: Chi-lung (Keelung), Hua-lien, Kao-hsiung, Su-ao, T'ai-chung. Airports: 40 (2012).

International disputes: involved in complex dispute with Brunei, China, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam over the Spratly Islands, and with China and the Philippines over Scarborough Reef; the 2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of conduct" desired by several of the disputants; Paracel Islands are occupied by China, but claimed by Taiwan and Vietnam; in 2003,

China and Taiwan became more vocal in rejecting both Japan's claims to the uninhabited islands of the Senkaku-shoto (Diaoyu Tai) and Japan's unilaterally declared exclusive economic zone in the East China Sea where all parties engage in hydrocarbon prospecting.

Other large cities: Kaohsiung, 2,773,855; Tai Chung, 2,662,770; Tainan, 1,876,706; Keelung, 380,281

Monetary unit: New Taiwan dollar

HISTORY

Taiwan was inhabited by aborigines of Malayan descent when Chinese from the areas now designated as Fukien and Kwangtung began settling it in the 7th century, becoming the majority. The Portuguese explored the area in 1590, naming it “the Beautiful” (Formosa). In 1624 the Dutch set up forts in the south, the Spanish in the north. The Dutch forced out the Spanish in 1641 and controlled the island until 1661, when Chinese general Koxinga took it over and established an independent kingdom. The Manchus seized the island in 1683 and held it until 1895, when it passed to Japan after the first Sino-Japanese War. Japan developed and exploited Formosa. It was the target of heavy American bombing during World War II, and at the close of the war the island was restored to China.

After the defeat of its armies on the mainland, the Nationalist government of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek retreated to Taiwan in Dec. 1949. Chiang dominated the island, even though only 15% of the population consisted of the 1949 immigrants, the Kuomintang. He maintained a 600,000-man army in the hope of eventually recovering the mainland. Beijing viewed the Taiwanese government with suspicion and anger, referring to Taiwan as a breakaway province of China.

The UN seat representing all of China was held by the Nationalists for over two decades before being lost in Oct. 1971, when the People's Republic of China was admitted and Taiwan was forced to abdicate its seat to Beijing.

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