Axisymmetric Rotating Disk Workshop 2A Parametric Modeling

Axisymmetric Rotating Disk

Workshop 2AParametric Modeling

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2A. Parametric ModelingAxisymmetric Rotating DiskDescription

• Build a parametric, axisymmetric model of the high-speed rotating disk shown, using thetahub, thetarim, xmid, and ymid as parameters. All other dimensions are fixed.

• Loading: angular velocity corresponding to 15,000 rpm.

rim

ymid

10.0R4.0R

hub

0.6 0.4

1.6

1.0xmid

• Properties:E = 30e6 psi = 7.2e-4 lb-s2/in4

= 0.3

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Instructions1. Enter ANSYS (or clear the database) and change the jobname to rotdisk:

– Utility Menu > File > Change Jobname…• New jobname = rotdisk• [OK]

2. Define the following parameters by typing in the input window or in the Scalar Parameters dialog (Utility Menu > Parameters > Scalar Parameters…):

• pi=3.142• hub_ri=4• hub_w=0.6• hub_ro=hub_ri+hub_w• hub_ht=1.6• rim_ro=10• rim_w=0.4

2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk

rim

ymid

hub

xmid

hub_rihub_ro

hub_w rim_ririm_ro

rim_w

hub_htrim_ht

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk2. (continued)

• rim_ri=rim_ro-rim_w• rim_ht=0.5• thetahub=90• thetarim=90• xmid=(rim_ri-hub_ro)/2• ymid=(hub_ht+rim_ht)/2

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk3. Create rectangles for the hub and rim:

– Main Menu > Preprocessor > Create > Rectangle > By 2 Corners• Enter WP X = hub_ri• Enter WP Y = 0• Width = hub_w• Height = hub_ht• [Apply]

• WP X = rim_ri• Enter WP Y = 0• Width = rim_w• Height = rim_ht• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk4. Create the mid keypoint between the hub and rim:

– (Preprocessor >) Create > Keypoints > In Active CS...• NPT = 10• X,Y,Z = hub_ro+xmid, ymid, 0• [OK]

5. Switch the active coordinate system to global cylindrical. This will allow us create a spline and specify its end slopes in terms of hub and rim.

– Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cylindrical

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk6. Create a spline with specified end slopes through KP 10:

– (Preprocessor >) Create > Splines > With Options > Spline thru KPs• Pick, in order from left to right, these 3 keypoints:

– top right KP of the hub, keypoint 10, top left KP of the rim

• [Apply] or middle mouse button• XV1,YV1,ZV1 = 1, 90+thetahub, 0• XV6,YV6,ZV6 = 1, 90-thetarim, 0• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk7. Switch back to global Cartesian and define the area joining the hub and rim.

– Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Change Active CS to > Global Cartesian– (Preprocessor >) Create > -Areas- Arbitrary > Through KPs

• Pick the four corner keypoints of the middle area in counter-clockwise order, then press OK.– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk8. The next step is to mesh the model. We will start by defining the element type and

material properties.– Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete…

• [Add…]– Choose Solid and Quad 8node 82, then [OK]

• [Options…]– K3 = Axisymmetric– [OK]

• [Close]– Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models…

• Double click through– … Structural … Linear … Elastic … Isotropic

• EX = 30e6 (Young’s modulus in psi)• PRXY = 0.3 (Poisson’s ratio)• [OK]

– … Structural … Density• DENS = 7.2e-4 (Density in lb-sec2/in4)• [OK]

• Exit the material GUI

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk9. Mesh the model:

– Preprocessor > MeshTool• Activate Smart Size• Set smart size level to 3• [Mesh], then [Pick All] on Mesh Areas dialog• [Close]

– Utility Menu > Plot > Elements– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk10. Specify a static analysis with prestress effects activated. The prestress enables a

subsequent prestressed modal analysis.– Main Menu > Solution > New Analysis...

• Choose Static, then [OK].– (Solution >) Unabridged Menu > Analysis Options...

• Equation solver = Precondition CG• Tolerance/level = 1e-5• Stress stiffness or prestress = Prestress ON• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk11. Apply boundary conditions: symmetry b.c. along the bottom lines.

– Utility Menu > Plot > Lines– (Solution >) -Loads- Apply > Displacement > -Symmetry B.C.- On Lines

• Pick the three lines at the bottom of the model, then [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk12. Apply the angular velocity load of 7500 rpm. ANSYS expects the value in

radians/second, so we will first calculate the value using parameters.– Utility Menu > Parameters > Scalar Parameters... type the following:

• rpm=7500• w=2*pi*rpm/60• [Close]

– (Solution >) Apply > Other > Angular Velocity…• OMEGY = w• [OK]

13. We are now ready to obtain the solution.– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]– Solution > -Solve- Current LS

• Check the status information and close the “/STAT Command” window.• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk14. Plot von Mises stress contours:

– Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Nodal Solu…• Item, Comp = Stress, von Mises SEQV• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk15. The next step is to retrieve results into parameters. We need the maximum von Mises

stress (which we will call SMAX) and the standard deviation of von Mises stress (SDEV). First SMAX:

– Utility Menu > Parameters > Get Scalar Data…• Choose Results data and Global measures, then [OK]

– Glb measure to retrieve = Stress, von Mises SEQV– Name of parameter = smax– [OK]

• Check the output window for the value of SMAX (28527).

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk16. To calculate the standard deviation SDEV, we need to store the von Mises stress of

each element in the element table, copy them into an array parameter NELEM x 1 long (where NELEM is the total number of elements), and then use array operations.

– Utility Menu > Parameters > Get Scalar Data…• Choose Model data and For selected set, then [OK]

– Name of parameter … = nelem– Data to be retrieved = Current elem set, Number of elem’s– [OK]

• Check the output window for the value of NELEM (513).– General Postproc > Element Table > Define Table...

• [Add…]– Lab = eseqv– Item, Comp = Stress, von Mises SEQV– [OK]

• [Close]

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– Utility Menu > Parameters > Array Parameters > Define/Edit...• [Add…]

– Par = sarray– Type = Array– I, J, K = nelem, 1, 1– [OK]

• [Close]– Utility Menu > Parameters > Get Array Data…

• Choose Results data and Elem table data, then [OK]– Name of array parameter = sarray(1)– Element number N = 1– Element table item … = ESEQV– Fill array by looping on = Element number– [OK]

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– Utility Menu > Parameters > Array Operations > Vector-Scalar Func…• ParR = sdev• Par1 = sarray(1)• Func = Std deviatn STDV• [OK]• Check the output window for the value of SDEV (4514).

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk17. This completes the static analysis portion of the solution. The next step is to do a

modal analysis. We will start by assigning the modal analysis results file to a non-default file name, temp.rst (to avoid overwriting the static results in jobname.rst).

– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]– Main Menu > Finish– Utility Menu > File > ANSYS File Options…

• In the /ASSIGN section, Ident = Struct res RST• Fname = temp.rst• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk18. Enter solution and specify modal analysis type and options.

– Main Menu > Solution > New Analysis…• Choose Modal, then [OK]

– (Solution >) Analysis Options…• Mode extraction method = Block Lanczos• No. of modes to extract = 3• Expand mode shapes = Yes• No. of modes to expand = 3• Incl prestress effects = Yes• [OK]• [OK] on the next dialog

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk19. Switch the symmetry boundary conditions on the bottom set of lines to anti-symmetry.

This will allow the lower, bending modes to be extracted.– Utility Menu > Plot > Lines– (Solution >) -Loads- Delete > Displacement > On Lines

• [Pick All]• [OK] on the next dialog

– (Solution >) -Loads- Apply > Displacement > -Antisymm B.C.- On Lines• Pick the bottom three lines, then [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk20. Execute the modal solution and retrieve the three frequencies:

– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]– Solution > -Solve- Current LS

• Check the status information and close the “/STAT Command” window.• [OK]

– Input window (type these commands):• *get,freq1,mode,1,freq• *get,freq2,mode,2,freq• *get,freq3,mode,3,freq• Check the output window for the values (FREQ1=0, FREQ2=2375, FREQ39435). Since

FREQ1 is a rigid body mode, FREQ2 will be considered the “first mode” for optimization purposes.

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk21. Re-assign the results file back to the default file name:

– Main Menu > Finish– Utility Menu > File > ANSYS File Options…

• In the /ASSIGN section, Ident = Struct res RST• Fname: delete the file name and leave the field blank• [OK]

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk22. The analysis is now complete. The next step is to create an analysis file which can be

used later for design optimization or to explore the design domain.– Utility Menu > File > Write DB Log File…

• Write Database Log to = rotdisk.lgw• [OK]

– Using a system editor (Notepad or vi), edit the file rotdisk.lgw and:• Comment out the /BATCH command, which is usually the first command if present, by

inserting a “!” in the first column.• Comment out the command “/input,menust,tmp” which is usually the third line if present.• Search for EPLOT and uncomment the command (i.e, remove the “!” at the beginning of the

line). This will allow the EPLOT command to be executed when you run the analysis file.• Search for PLNSOL and uncomment the command.• Save and exit the editor.

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2A. Parametric Modeling...Axisymmetric Rotating Disk23. The final step is to test the analysis file. To do this, clear the database and read input

from rotdisk.lgw:– Utility Menu > File > Clear & Start New…

• [OK]• Press Yes on the Verify dialog

– Utility Menu > File > Read Input from…• Double click on rotdisk.lgw• You should now see a replay of the entire analysis.

– Toolbar: QUIT• Choose Quit - No Save, then [OK]

The workshop is now complete. Be sure to keep the analysis file rotdisk.lgw… we will need it in the upcoming workshop exercises.

Hexagonal Steel Plate

Workshop 2BParametric Modeling

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2B. Parametric ModelingHexagonal Steel PlateDescription

• Build a parametric model of the steel plate shown, using thickness t1 and fillet radius fil as the parameters. All other dimensions are fixed.

• Loading: tensile pressure (traction) of 50 MPa at the three flat faces.

• Properties:– Thickness = 10 mm– E = 2.07e5 MPa– = 0.3

• Use a 2-D model, and be sure to take advantage of symmetry.

40

100t1

t1

t1

fil

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel PlateInstructions1. Enter ANSYS (or clear the database) and change the jobname to hexplate.

2. Start with an initial design of t1=30 and fil=7:*afun,deg ! Degree units for trig. functionsinrad=200*cos(30)-20t1=30fil=7

3. Build the full model first.

Start by creating three annuli, each with a different center. Use parameters inrad and t1 to define the annuli.

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate3a. First annulus:

– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > -Areas- Circle > Partial Annulus• WP X = -200• WP Y = 0• Rad-1 = inrad• Theta-1 = -30• Rad-2 = inrad+t1• Theta-2 = 30• [Apply]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate3b. Second annulus:

• WP X = 200*cos(60)• WP Y = 200*sin(60)• Rad-1 = inrad• Theta-1 = -90• Rad-2 = inrad+t1• Theta-2 = -150• [Apply]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate3c. Third annulus:

• WP X = 200*cos(60)• WP Y = 200*sin(-60)• Rad-1 = inrad• Theta-1 = 90• Rad-2 = inrad+t1• Theta-2 = 150• [OK]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate3d. Add the three areas, then delete the

resulting area (but keep the lines).– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Operate > -Booleans-

Add > Areas• [Pick All]

– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Delete > Areas Only• [Pick All]

– Utility Menu > Plot > Lines– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate3e. Create fillets at the three interior corners, using parameter fil

for the fillet radius.– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > -Lines- Line Fillet

• Pick one pair of interior lines and press [Apply] or middle mouse button, then:

• RAD = fil• [Apply]• Pick second pair of interior lines and press [Apply] or

middle mouse button, then:• RAD = fil• [Apply]• Pick the last pair of interior lines and press [Apply] or

middle mouse button, then:• RAD = fil• [OK]

– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate4. Now cut out and retain only the 0-60° region (1/6th symmetry). We will do this using

two divide-lines-by-working-plane operations.

4a. First rotate the working plane (WP) 90° about X (Y towards Z).– Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Offset WP by Increments…

• XY, YZ, ZX = 0,90,0• [Apply]

4b. Divide all lines using WP as a cutting tool.– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Operate > -Booleans- Divide > Line by WrkPlane

• [Pick All]

4c. Rotate the WP 60° about its Y (Z towards X).– Offset WP dialog:

• XY, YZ, ZX = 0,0,60• [OK]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate4d. Again divide all lines using WP as a cutting tool, then turn off the working plane.

– (Preprocessor > -Modeling- Operate > -Booleans- Divide >) Line by WrkPlane• [Pick All]

– Utility Menu > WorkPlane > Display Working Plane (change from on to off)

4e. Delete all lines from 60° to 360°. For variety, we will do this using commands.– Input window:

• csys,1• lsel,s,loc,y,60,360• ldele,all,,,1• lsel,all• ksll,u ! Select keypoints not attached to lines• kdele,all ! And delete them• alls• lplot

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate5. Complete the 1/6th symmetry model by creating the missing lines and then the area.

5a. Create the missing lines (the symmetry edges), then combine the two vertical line segments into one.

– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > -Lines- Straight Line• Pick the two bottom keypoints• Then pick the two keypoints along the 60° symmetry edge• [Cancel] to close the Create Straight Line dialog

– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Operate > -Booleans- Add > Lines• Pick the two vertical lines that make up the right edge• [OK]• [OK] on subsequent dialog (to delete old lines)

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate5b. Create the area.

– Preprocessor > -Modeling- Create > -Areas- Arbitrary > By Lines• Choose the Loop option• Pick any line… this should show a closed loop• [OK]


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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate6. Mesh the area. We will do this by first defining the element type, real constants

(thickness), and material properties.

6a. Specify the element type:– Preprocessor > Element Type > Add/Edit/Delete…

• [Add…]– Choose Solid and Quad 8node 82, then [OK]

• [Options…]– K3 = Plane strs w/thk– [OK]

• [Close]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate6b. Define the thickness (real constant):

– Preprocessor > Real Constants...• [Add…]

– [OK] • THK = 10• [OK]

• [Close]

6c. Define material properties:– Preprocessor > Material Props > Material Models…

• Double click through– … Structural … Linear … Elastic … Isotropic

• EX = 2.07e5 (Young’s modulus in MPa) • PRXY = 0.3 (Poisson’s ratio)• [OK]

• Exit the material GUI

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate6d. Mesh the model:

– Preprocessor > MeshTool…• Activate Smart Size• Set smart-size level to 3 • [Mesh]

– [Pick All] on the Mesh Areas dialog• [Close]


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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate7. Apply boundary conditions and loads: symmetry b.c. and 50 MPa pres.

7a. Symmetry boundary conditions:– Main Menu > Solution > -Loads- Apply > -Structural- Displacement > -Symmetry B.C.- On Lines

• Pick two lines: the bottom line and the 60° symmetry edge on the left• [OK]

7b. Pressure load:– (Solution >) Apply > -Structural- Pressure > On Lines

• Pick the vertical line on the right and press middle mouse button or [OK]• VALUE = -50• [OK]

– Utility Menu > Plot > Lines– Toolbar > [SAVE_DB]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate

8. Obtain the solution.– Input window:

• eqslv,pcg• save• solve

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate9. Review the results: plot von Mises (equivalent) stress contours, then retrieve the

maximum equivalent stress and the total volume.

9a. Equivalent stresses:– Main Menu > General Postproc > Plot Results > Nodal Solu…

• Choose Stress and von Mises SEQV• [OK]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate9b. Graphically expand the model to its full size.

– Utility Menu > PlotCtrls > Style > Symmetry Expansion > User-Specified Expansion...• NREPEAT = 6• TYPE = Polar• PATTERN = Alternate Symm• DX, DY, DZ = 0, 60, 0• [OK]

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate9c. Retrieve the maximum equivalent stress SMAX and the total volume VTOT:

– Input window:• /expand (to turn off symmetry expansion)• nsort,s,eqv• *get,smax,sort,,max• etable,evol,volu• ssum• *get,vtot,ssum,,item,evol• finish

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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate10. The analysis is now complete. The next step is to create an analysis file which can be

used later for design optimization or to explore the design domain.– Utility Menu > File > Write DB Log File…

• Write Database Log to = hexplate.lgw• [OK]

– Using a system editor (Notepad or vi), edit the file hexplate.lgw and:• Comment out the /BATCH command, which is usually the first command if present, by

inserting a “!” in the first column.• Comment out “/input,menust,tmp,” usually the third line if present.• Search for PLNSOL and uncomment the command (i.e, remove the “!” at the beginning of

the line). This will allow the PLNSOL command to be executed when you run the analysis file.

• Also uncomment the /EXPAND and the /REPLOT on the following line.• Remove references to solid model entity numbers as explained next...

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10. (continued)• Remove references to solid model entity numbers...

– Comment out the four lines ending with AADD,P51X and replace withaadd,all

– Comment out the following ADELE command and replace withadele,all

– Comment out the three LFILLT commands and replace with:csys,1*do,yval,0,240,120 ! Execute following commands for yval =

0, 120, 240 ksel,s,loc,y,yval ksel,r,loc,x,0,90 ! To avoid picking up another keypoint at

x (R) = 100 lslk lfillt,lsnext(0),lsnext(lsnext(0)),fil ! LSNEXT(0) returns lowest selected line no. > 0*enddoalls

– Comment out the eight lines ending with the first LSBW,P51X command and replace with

lsbw,all – Comment out the ten lines ending with the second LSBW,P51X command and replace

withlsbw,all


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10. (continued)– Comment out the two LSTR commands and replace with:

csys,1ksel,s,loc,y,0lstr,kpnext(0),kpnext(kpnext(0)) ! Kpnext(0) returns lowest numbered keypt > 0ksel,s,loc,y,60lstr,kpnext(0),kpnext(kpnext(0))allsel

– Comment out the four lines ending in LCOMB,P51X and replace with:csys,0lsel,s,loc,x,100*get,nl,line,,count ! Number of lines*if,nl,gt,1,then lcomb,all *endifallsel

– Comment out the eight lines ending in AL,P51X and replace with:al,all

– Comment out the lines between MSHKEY,0 and /UI,MESH,OFF and replace with:amesh,all


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10. (continued)– Comment out the four lines ending in DL,P51X, ,SYMM and replace with:

csys,1lsel,s,loc,y,0lsel,a,loc,y,60dl,all,,symmlsel,all

– Comment out the five lines ending in SFL,P51X,PRES,-50 and replace with:csys,0lsel,s,loc,x,100sfl,all,pres,-50lsel,all

– Save the file (hexplate.lgw) and exit the editor.


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2B. Parametric Modeling...Hexagonal Steel Plate11. The final step is to test the analysis file. To do this, clear the database and read input

from hexplate.lgw:– Utility Menu > File > Clear & Start New…

• [OK]• Press Yes on the Verify dialog

– Utility Menu > File > Read Input from…• Double click on hexplate.lgw• You should now see a replay of the entire analysis.

– Toolbar: QUIT• Choose Quit - No Save, then [OK]

The workshop is now complete. Be sure to keep the analysis file hexplate.lgw… we will need it in the upcoming workshop exercises.

Documents

Axisymmetric Rotating Disk Workshop 2A Parametric Modeling