báo cáo đồ án vi điều khiến

8/8/2019 bo co n vi iu khin

1/26

LI M U

Trong qu trnh c nc ang tin ln xy dng tr thnh mt nc cngnghip ha hin i ha, tr thnh mt nc c nn cng nghip xng tm khu vc

th c in t ng gp mt phn khng nh vo qu trnh xy dng v pht trin

y. bi sn phm ca c in t l nhng sn phm mang tnh t ng ha cao

mang li gi tr li ch kinh t cho x hi. v ng nhin lm c nhng vic

khng th khng ni n nhng ng gp ca cc k s c in t bi h l

nhng ngi ang hng ngy trc tip iu khin cc my mc, cc dy truyn

cc nh my to ra nhng sn phm mang li hiu qu kinh t cao.V bn cnh l nhng ng gp rt quan trng ca cc thy c cn b trong

nh trng. c bit l cc thy trong b mn c in t I HC NHA TRANG.

ang ngy m mit mi lao ng a chng em ti c bn b hnh phc

nht. Sau mt qu trnh hc tp v nghin cu cng vi s c gng tm ti ca bn

thn em tin hnh lm mt chic ng h thi gian thc c nhiu tnh nng,

phn no cng c nhng kin thc c hc tp trong xut thi gian qua v tp lmqen vi cng vic tm hiu thc hin mt ti.

Cui cng em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy trong b mn c in t tn

tnh gip em hon thnh nhim v v c bit cm n thy Trn Vn Hng

hng dn tn tnh em hon thnh nhim v t c kt qu tt nht. ln

u bt tay lm qen tm hiu thc hin n nn khng trnh khi nhng thiu xt,

em mong c s ch bo thm ca cc thy sn phm c hon thin hn na.

Nha trang 03 thng01 nm 2011.

Sinh vin thc hin.

Phm Vit Ngc

Trang 1


2/26

Mc lc Trang

chng 1: GII THIU NG H THI GIAN THC V

NHIM V N MN HC.

1.1. GII THIU.

Vn thi gian thc y c dng vi ngha thi gian tuyt i m con

ngi ang s dng.Ci hay khi ta lm ng h m thi gian thc chnh l

chng ta c th bit thi gian hin ti chnh xc l bao nhiu. cho d khi chng ta

khng cp ngun cho ci ng h ny chy nhng lc sau bt ngun ln n vn

chy ng v IC m thi gian thc lun lun chy bng cc PIN 3v. ch vi cc

pin 3v thi l n c th hot ng ti mi nm ri.

1.2. NHIM V V PHN TCH NHIM V

1.2.1. NHIM V:

Nhim v ca n mn hc vi iu khin l thit k mch ng h thi Gian

thc hin th gi, pht, giy,nga,thng,nm trn LED 7on.

1.2.2. PHN TCH NHIM V:

Ni dung cn nm bt:

Bit cch c v dch datasheet ca cc loi IC bit nguyn l hot ng

trong mch.

Hiu c giao thc truyn thng I2C. hiu c nguyn tc hot ng ca IC

thi gian thc DS1307

Hiu c hot ng ca led 7 on, hiu c ngt trong vi iu khin.

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Trang 3


4/26

Chng 2: THIT K H THNG

2.1. TNG QUAN TITrong qu trnh tin hnh lm mch ng h thi gian thc cng c gp mt

s kh khn l, ban u l mc phi li trong thit k phn cng l mc intr 4.7k nh hnh 1.

Hnh 1. hnh 2.kt qu l khng dng kch cho led v bin php khc phc l mc in tr

nh hnh 2. mm mc li do ta thi gian delay cha ng nn dn n

cc led sng m v c mt led th sng rc r, v cng c khc

phc bng cch thay i thi gian delay hinh 2.

2.2:THIT K S KHI

Trang 4

4.7k

1k

5v

C1815

J1Jump 212

U1

a7

b6

c4

Dp

5

d2

e1

f9

g10

A

3

+

8

1k

5v

C1815 J1Jump 212

U1

a7

b6

c4

Dp

5

d2

e1

f9

g10

A

3

+

8

ATMEGA32

ATMEGA 16

PORTA

6TRANZITO

C1815

LED

7DOAN

PORTB


5/26

Chng 3: L THUYT LIN QUAN

3.1. GIAO THC I2C:

I2C l mt chun cng nghip cho cc giao tip iu khin Bus I2C c s

dng lm bus giao tip cho rt nhiu IC, Bus I2C c hai ng l SDA v SCL.

Serial Data(SDA): SDA l ng truyn d liu theo c hai hng.

Serial Clock (SCL): cn SCL l ng truyn xung ng theo 1 hng. Mi dy

SDA hay SCL u c ni vi in p dng ca ngun cp thng qua mt in

tr ko ln. S cn thit ca cc in tr ko ln ny l do chn giao tip i2c ca

cc thit b ngoi vi thng l mng cc h. Gi tr ca cc in tr ko ln ty votng thit b v chun giao tip, thng dao ng t 1 K n 4.7 K.

1.

2. Hnh 1. (I2C) vi nhiu thit b v 2 in tr ko ln cho SDA, SCL.

3.

Master: l chip khi ng qu trnh truyn nhn, pht i a ch ca thit b cn

giao tip v to xung gi nhp trn ng SCL.

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Slave: l chip c mt a ch c nh, c gi bi Master v phc v yu cu t

Master. SDA- Serial Data: l ng d liu ni tip, tt c cc thng tin v a ch

hay d liu u c truyn trn ng ny theo th t tng bit mt. Ch l

trong chun I2C, bit c trng s ln nht (MSB) c truyn trc nht.SCL Serial Clock: l ng gi nhp ni tip, c mi xung trn ng gi

nhp SCL, mt bit d liu trn ng SDA s c ly mu (sample). D liu ni

tip trn ng SDA c ly mu khi ng SCL mc cao trong mt chu k

gi nhp, v th ng SDA khng c i trng thi khi SCL mc cao (tr

START v STOP condition). Chn SDA c th c i trng thi khi SCL mc

thp.

START Condition-iu kin bt u: t trng thi ngh, khi c SDA v SCL

mc cao nu Master mun thc hin mt cuc gi, Master s ko chn SDA

xung thp trong khi SCL vn cao. Trng thi ny gi l START Condition .

STOP Condition-iu kin kt thc: sau khi thc hin truyn/nhn d liu, nu

Master mun kt thc qu trnh n s to ra mt STOP condition. STOP condition

c Master thc hin bng cch ko chn SDA ln cao khi ng SCL ang

mc cao. STOP condition ch c to ra sau khi a ch hoc d liu c

truyn/nhn.

SLA+R/W: 7 bit a ch( 2^7=128 c th giao tip vi 128 thit b khch khc) v

bit cui R/W cho bit l ch mun c hay ghi ln khch ( 1 l c v 0 l ghi )

ACK :nu da ch ti ng khch th ch s nhn c tn hiu ACK t khchData byte : khi nhn c ACK ch s truyn 8 bit d liu xung khch. Khi khch

nhn xong 8 bt n s ko ng ACK xung thp, bo ch bit khch nhn

ch : gi tr d liu c thay i khi clock ko xung thp.

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7/26

3.2. Nguyn tc hot ng DS1307:

DS1307 l chip ng h thi gian thc. DS1307 l mt sn phm ca Dallas

Semiconductor (mt cng ty thuc Maxim Integrated Products). Chip ny c 7thanh ghi 8-bit cha thi gian l: giy, pht, gi, th (trong tun), ngy, thng,

nm. Ngoi ra DS1307 cn c 1 thanh ghi iu khin ng ra ph v 56 thanh ghi

trng c th dng nh RAM. DS1307 c c v ghi thng qua giao din ni tip

I2C ca AVR nn cu to bn ngoi rt n gin. DS1307 c 8 chn nh trong hnh

1.

Hnh 1. Hai gi cu to chip DS1307.

Cc chn ca DS1307 c m t nh sau:

- X1 v X2: l 2 ng kt ni vi 1 thch anh 32.768KHz lm ngun to dao ng

chochip.

- VBAT: cc dng ca mt ngun pin 3V nui chip.

- GND: chn mass chung cho c pin 3V v Vcc.

- Vcc: ngun cho giao din I2C, thng l 5V v dng chung vi vi iu khin.

nu Vcc khng c cp ngun nhng VBAT c cp th DS1307 vn ang hot

ng (nhng khng ghi v c c).SQW/OUT: mt ng ph to xung vung

(Square Wave / Output Driver), tn s ca xung c to ta chn trong lc lp

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trnh.

- SCL v SDA l 2 ng giao xung nhp v d liu ca giao din I2C .

Chng 4: THIT K PHN THIT B4.1 MCH VI IU KHIN

D 3

L E D

D 4

L E D

D 5

L E D

D 6

L E D

D 7

L E D

D 8

L E D

U 4I C 7 8 0 5

i n1

o u t3

D 9

L E D

D 1 0

L E D

+ 5 V

J 7

J u m p 8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

R 3

1 K

+ 5 V

R 4

1 K

R 5

1 K

R 6

1 K

t u p i0 . 1 u F

1

2

t u p i 20 . 1 u F

1

2

D 1

L E D

R 1

1 K

D 2

D I O D E

R 7

1 K

J 1

1 2 v

12

4 7 0 u F

T u h o a 1

1 0 0 0 u F

T u h o a 2

R 8

1 K

U 3

A T 9 0 S 8 5 3 5 D I L

P B 2 ( A I N 0 )3

X T A L 21 2

X T A L 11 3

P B 1 ( T 1 )2

P D 2 ( I N T 0 )1 6

P D 3 ( I N T 1 )1 7

P D 4 ( O C 1 B )1 8

P D 5 ( O C 1 A )1 9

G N D1 1 V c c1 0

P B 7 [ S C K )8

P B 6 [ M I S O )7 P B 5 ( M O S I )6 P A 4 ( A D C 4 )

3 6

P A 5 ( A D C 5 )3 5

P A 6 ( A D C 6 )3 4

P A 7 ( A D C 7 )3 3

A R e f 3 2

P A 3 ( A D C 3 )3 7

P B 0 ( T 0 )1

P B 3 ( A I N 1 )4

P B 4 ( S S )5

R E S E T9

P D 0 ( R x D )1 4

P D 1 ( T x D )1 5

P D 6 ( I C P )2 0

P D 7 ( O C 2 )2 1

P A 0 ( A D C 0 )4 0

P A 1 ( A D C 1 )3 9

P A 2 ( A D C 2 )3 8

A G n d3 1

A V c c3 0

P C 7 ( T O S C 2 )2 9

P C 6 ( T O S C 1 )2 8P C 5

2 7

P C 42 6

P C 32 5

P C 22 4

P C 12 3

P C 02 2

J 2J u m p 8

1

2345678

R 9

1 K

J 3

J u m p 8

12345678

J 4J u m p 812345678

J 5

J u m p 8

12345678

J 6

J u m p 6

123456

4 . 7 u F

T u h o a 4

R 1 0

1 K

S W 1

N u t n h a n 2

R 21 0 K

R E S E T

V C C

C 4 60 . 1 u

U 1 2

M A X 2 3 2 _ 0

V +2

C 1 +1

V -6

V

C

C

1

6

R 1 O U T1 2

R 2 O U T9

G

N

D

1

5

C 2 -5

T 1 I N1 1

T 2 I N1 0

C 1 -3

C 2 +4

R 1 I N1 3

R 2 I N8

T 1 O U T1 4

T 2 O U T7

T x D

P C ( P I N 2 )

P C ( P I N 3 )

C 3 60 . 1 u

R x D

C 3 70 . 1 u

T x D

C 3 80 . 1 u

G N D

P 1 5 0 2

P C

594837261

+ 5 V

R x D

C 1 1

2 7 p

1

2

V C C

+ 5 V

M O S IM I S OS C K

+ 5 V

R E S E T

4 . 7 u F 1

T u h o a 5

Y 2

8 M H z

X T A L 2 X T A L 1

C 62 7 p

1

2

C 82 7 p

1

2

S dng vi iu khin atemega 32 .thch anh 11.0592 MHz. PORTA s dng kch tranzitor C1815.PORTB s dng xut m ra led 7on. PORTD s dng

nhn phm nhn.

4.2:MCH HIN TH LED

Trang 8


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J 1

J u m

12345678

J 2

C O N 6

123456

R 3 4

5 6 0

R 3 5

5 6 0

R 3 6

5 6 0

R 3 7

5 6 0

R 3 8

5 6 0

R 3 9

5 6 0

J 3

C O N 2

1 2

U 1

a

7

b

6

c

4

D p5

d

2

e

1

f

9

g

1

0

A3

+8

f5

U 2

a

7

b

6

c

4

D p5

d

2

e

1

f

9

g

1

0

A3

+8

f5

U 3

a

7

b

6

c

4

D p5

d

2

e

1

f

9

g

1

0

A3

+8

f5

U 4

a

7

b

6

c

4

D p5

d

2

e

1

f

9

g

1

0

A3

+8

f5

U 5

a

7

b

6

c

4

D p5

d

2

e

1

f

9

g

1

0

A3

+8

f5

U 6

a

7

b

6

c

4

D p5

d

2

e

1

f

9

g

1

0

A3

+8

f5

3 3 0

Trn s mch hin th led s dng tranzitor pnp khi ta kch mc 0 th tranzitor thng, v

kch tranzitor no th cp ngun cho led sng, l nguyn l chung ca mch.

4.3:MCH THI GIAN THC

s c l

D S 1 3 0 7

S Q W / O U T7

S D A5

X 11

X 22

S C L6

V B A T3

V C C8

m

a

s

4

3 2 7 6 8 k h z

4 k 7

1 k

21

p i n 3 v

+

-

5 v

5 v

5 v

s d

4 k 7

y hai chn SDA v SCL ln lt c ni vao hai chn SDA v SCL cua VDK

Mss ca ds1307 chung vi mass ca vdk v cc m ca pin 3v. Mc thm led

chn out nh hnh v v khi lp trnh chn tn s c mt giy n nhy mt ln.

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10/26

Chng 5: THIT K PHN MM

5.1. THIT K M T HOT NG PHN MM

Trang 10


11/26

5.2.CHNG TRNH

#include

#include

Trang 11

START

KIM TRA PHMNHN

KHI TO I2C

THIT LP THIGIAN CHO DS1307

C THI GIAN TDS1307

HIN TH THIGIAN RA LED 7ON

END

KHI TAO DS1307


12/26

#include

char led_kich[6]={0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20};

char data[10]={0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8,0x80,0x90};//so 0den 9

unsigned char h,m,s;

unsigned int date,mont,year;

char h_ch_1,h_dv_1,m_ch_1,m_dv_1,s_ch_1,s_dv_1; // Time lcd

char h_ch_2,h_dv_2,m_ch_2,m_dv_2,s_ch_2,s_dv_2; // Time led7

char h_ch_3,h_dv_3,m_ch_3,m_dv_3,s_ch_3,s_dv_3; // Date lcd

char h_ch_4,h_dv_4,m_ch_4,m_dv_4,s_ch_4,s_dv_4; // Date led7

char a,b,i,k=18;

// I2C Bus functions

#asm

.equ __i2c_port=0x15 ;PORTC

.equ __sda_bit=1

.equ __scl_bit=0

#endasm

#include

// DS1307 Real Time Clock functions

#include

// Alphanumeric LCD Module functions

#asm

.equ __lcd_port=0x18 ;PORTB

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#endasm

#include

interrupt [EXT_INT0] void ext_int0_isr(void){

}

// Timer 0 overflow interrupt service routine

interrupt [TIM0_OVF] void timer0_ovf_isr(void) // PORTB.3

{

i++; // tao thoi gian ngan cach hien thi date & time

}

//*********************************************************

void giay(void) // 31250/255=1S (KHAI BAO TIMER)

{ // tao thoi gian ngan cach hien thi date & time

if(i==122) // i = so lan ngat trong 1s

{

i=0;

k--;

if(k==0)

k=18;}

}

//=========================================================//

void lay_data_1(void) // Time hien thi LCD

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14/26

{

// if(a==0)

// {

// rtc_set_time(15,15,00); // thiet lap time ban dau// a=1; //

// delay_ms(1);

// }

// else

// {

// rtc_get_time(&h,&m,&s); // doc time

// h_ch_1=0x30+h/10; // chia de lay gia tri out led

// h_dv_1=0x30+h%10; // gio

// m_ch_1=0x30+m/10;

// m_dv_1=0x30+m%10; // phut

// s_ch_1=0x30+s/10;

// s_dv_1=0x30+s%10; // giay

// }

}

void lay_data_2(void) // Time hien thi Led 7Seg

{

if(a==0)

{

rtc_set_time(23,59,45);a=1;

delay_ms(1);

}

else

Trang 14


15/26

{

rtc_get_time(&h,&m,&s);

h_ch_2=h/10; // chia lay nguyen

h_dv_2=h%10; // chia lay dum_ch_2=m/10;

m_dv_2=m%10;

s_ch_2=s/10;

s_dv_2=s%10;

}

}

void lay_data_3(void) // Date hien thi LCD

{

// if(b==0)

// {

// rtc_set_date(01,01,11);

// b=1;

// delay_ms(1);

// }

// else

// {

// rtc_get_date(&date,&mont,&year);

// h_ch_3=0x30+date/10;

// h_dv_3=0x30+date%10;// m_ch_3=0x30+mont/10;

// m_dv_3=0x30+mont%10;

// s_ch_3=0x30+year/10;

// s_dv_3=0x30+year%10;

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// }

}

void lay_data_4(void) // Date hien thi Led 7Seg

{if(b==0)

{

rtc_set_date(31,12,10); // cai dat

b=1;

delay_ms(1);

}

else

{

rtc_get_date(&date,&mont,&year);

h_ch_4=date/10;

h_dv_4=date%10;

m_ch_4=mont/10;

m_dv_4=mont%10;

s_ch_4=year/10;

s_dv_4=year%10;

}

}

//========================LCD===========================//

void Time(void){

// lay_data_1();

// lcd_gotoxy(0,0);

// lcd_putsf("Time : ");

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17/26

// lcd_gotoxy(6,0);

// lcd_putchar(h_ch_1); //0x30-->chuyen sang ASCII (ky' tu)

// lcd_putchar(h_dv_1);

// lcd_putsf(":");// lcd_putchar(m_ch_1);

// lcd_putchar(m_dv_1);

// lcd_putsf(":");

// lcd_putchar(s_ch_1);

// lcd_putchar(s_dv_1);

// }

// void Date(void)

// {

// lay_data_3();

// lcd_gotoxy(0,0);

// lcd_putsf("Date : ");

// lcd_gotoxy(6,0);

// lcd_putchar(h_ch_3);

// lcd_putchar(h_dv_3);

// lcd_putsf(":");

// lcd_putchar(m_ch_3);

// lcd_putchar(m_dv_3);

// lcd_putsf(":");

// lcd_putchar(s_ch_3);// lcd_putchar(s_dv_3);

}

//=================== LED 7 SEG ===========================//

void hien_thi_Time(void)

Trang 17


18/26

{

lay_data_2();

//======= h ========//

PORTD=data[h_ch_2];PORTA=led_kich[0];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

PORTD=data[h_dv_2];

PORTA=led_kich[1];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

//======= m ========//

PORTD=data[m_ch_2];

PORTA=led_kich[2];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

PORTD=data[m_dv_2];

PORTA=led_kich[3];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

//======= s ========//

PORTD=data[s_ch_2];

PORTA=led_kich[4];

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19/26

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

PORTD=data[s_dv_2];PORTA=led_kich[5];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

}

void hien_thi_Date(void)

{

lay_data_4();

//======= date ========//

PORTD=data[h_ch_4];

PORTA=led_kich[0];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

PORTD=data[h_dv_4];

PORTA=led_kich[1];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

//======= mont ========//PORTD=data[m_ch_4];

PORTA=led_kich[2];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

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20/26

PORTD=data[m_dv_4];

PORTA=led_kich[3];

delay_ms(1);PORTA=0x00;

//======= year ========//

PORTD=data[s_ch_4];

PORTA=led_kich[4];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

PORTD=data[s_dv_4];

PORTA=led_kich[5];

delay_ms(1);

PORTA=0x00;

}

void main(void)

{

PORTA=0x00;

DDRA=0xFF;

PORTB=0x00;

DDRB=0x00;

PORTC=0x00;

Trang 20


21/26

DDRC=0x00;

PORTD=0x00;

DDRD=0xFF;

// Timer/Counter 0 initialization

// Clock source: System Clock

// Clock value: 31.250 kHz

// Mode: Fast PWM top=FFh

// OC0 output: Inverted PWM

TCCR0=0x7C;

TCNT0=0x00;

OCR0=0x00;

// External Interrupt(s) initialization

// INT0: On

// INT0 Mode: Rising Edge

// INT1: Off

// INT2: Off

GICR|=0x40;

MCUCR=0x03;

MCUCSR=0x00;

GIFR=0x40;

// Timer(s)/Counter(s) Interrupt(s) initialization

TIMSK=0x01;

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// Analog Comparator initialization

// Analog Comparator: Off

// Analog Comparator Input Capture by Timer/Counter 1: Off

ACSR=0x80;SFIOR=0x00;

// I2C Bus initialization

i2c_init();

// DS1307 Real Time Clock initialization

// Square wave output on pin SQW/OUT: On

// Square wave frequency: 1Hz

rtc_init(0,1,0);

// LCD module initialization

lcd_init(16);

// Global enable interrupts

#asm("sei")

rtc_set_time(7,0,0);

while (1){

giay();

// if((k7)) // LCD

// {

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23/26

// Time();

// }

// if((k0))

// {// Date();

// }

if((k7)) // Led 7 Seg

{

hien_thi_Time();

}

if((k0))

{

hien_thi_Date();

}

};

}

5.3.GII THCH CHNG TRNH.

led no c sng th ta kch tn hiu t vdk ra l mc 1. v y dng

Tranzito pnp nn c tn hiu mc 1 t vdk vo chn B ca tranzito no th con

s thng v led c cp ngun, v ph thuc vo cc chn d liu xut m ra

hin th c s thng qua m .

Trong chng trnh setup u tin qu trnh truyn d liu xung ds1307 lpht tn hiu start, sau ln lt l a ch ca ds1307 v a ch n thanh ghi ca

ds1307.sau l qu trnh ly thi gian thc t ds1307 ln v xut ra led.

Trong chng trnh chnh th n kim tra iu kin nu gi thc t ang chy

t ds1307 m bng thi gian ci t hn gi th cho tn hiu n led nhy sng th

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hin chn PORTA.7. sau n kim tra kiu kin bin tm. vi trng hp

(tm


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TI LIU THAM KHO

THIT K BOARD GIAO TIP ( Thy Trn VnHng ).

Datasheet ca IC DS1307,LED 7ON , ATMEGA 32.

Nhng wedsite tham kho nh dientuvietnam.vn. Vagram.net, cdtvn.net ,hcAVR.com.vn

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