Trng i hc Tr Vinh Bo co thc hnh ha phn tch 2 Khoa Ha Hc ng
Dng
Trng i hc Tr Vinh Bo co thc hnh ha phn tch 2 Khoa Ha Hc ng
Dng
TRNG I HC TR VINHKHOA HA HC NG DNG----------
BO CO THC HNHVT LIU POLYMER V CNG NGH X L NC Ngi hng dn: Kin Th
Thy Linh Sinh vin thc hin: Nhm 2 Bi Dng Ho Nguyn Trng Hu Nguyn Vn
Khang Cao Th Nh L Th Kim Thoa Nguyn Hu Nht Tho Tr Vinh, 30
/8/2014
NHN
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Tr Vinh, ngy thng nm 2014 Ngi hng dn
Kin Th Thy Linh X L NC BNG PHNG PHP KEO T TO BNG TP ON M LANA.
Gii thiu
Th mnh ca Tp on chuyn sn xut bn km cht lng cao, cung ng cho c th
trng ni a v quc t. Cng ty Sn xut Vt t Ngnh in M Lan (MPM) l cng ty
c quyn v lnh vc sn xut bn km nhit CTP s dng trong ngnh in k thut s
Vit Nam. V th, trong nc thi ca Tp on M Lan cha hm lng ln cc ion
Al3+, Zn2+, v cc tp cht khc. Tuy nc thi ca Tp on khng c hi so vi cc
ngnh cng nghip khc nhng vn cha tiu chun thi ra ngun tip nhn. Vi vy,
quy trnh x l nc l khng th thiu.Sau y l mt m hnh x l nc thi cng
nghip theo QCVN 40:2011/BTNMT:
B. Qu trnh keo t - to bngQu trnh keo t to bng gm 2 qu trnh chnh:
Qu trnh keo t : da trn c ch ph bn ht keo. Qu trnh to bng : tip xc
/kt dnh gia c ht keo b ph bn.I. Qu trnh keo tX l bng phng php keo t
l cho vo trong nc mt loi ha cht gi l cht keo t c th lm cho cc ht rt
nh bin thnh nhng ht ln lng xung.Nhng cht keo t thng dng nht l cc
mui nhm v mui st nh: Mui nhm: Al2(SO4)3, Al2(SO4)3.18H2O,
KAl(SO4)2.12H2O, Mui st: FeCl3, Fe2(SO4)3.2H2O, Fe2(SO4)3.7H2O,1.
Phn nhmPhn nhm l loi ha cht keo t tham gia vo qu trnh keo t nhm lm
kt dnh cc ht keo l lng trong nc thnh cc ht cn ln ln hn c th loi b
ti b lng.Al3++ 3H2O = Al(OH)3+3H+Vng pH ti u t 4.5 6
u im ca phn nhm: Phn nhm c nng lc keo t cao trong s cc mui t c
hi Phn nhm t c c sn trn th trng, chi ph s dng thp D dng kim sot
trong qu trnh keo t Nhc im ca phn nhm Lm pH gim, do khi s dng phn
nhm phi s dng thm xt NaOH lm tng pH. Khi s dng phn nhm cn tnh ton k
lng sao cho va lng phn cho nc cn keo t, khi cho qu lng phn hin tng
keo t b ph hy, khng c tc dng na. Phi s dng thm mt s cht tr keo t v
tr lng khi dng phn nhm gip cho qu trnh keo t hiu qu hn, dn n chi ph
tng ln. Hm lng nhm trong nc c th ln hn tiu chun (0,2mg/l). Kh nng
loi b cc cht hu c tan v khng tan cng cc kim loi nng thng hn ch.2.
Phn stFe3++ 3H2O = Fe(OH)3+3H+Phn st (III) khi thu phn t b nh hng
ca nhit . Vng pH ti u: 4 8.5
u im ca phn st Liu lng phn st (III) dng kt ta ch bng 1/3 1/2 liu
lng phn nhm. Phn st t b nh hng ca nhit v gii hn pH rng. Nhc im ca
phn st n mn ng ng mnh hn phn nhm (v trong qu trnh phn ng to ra
axit). Chng to thnh cc phc ha tan nhm mu qua phn ng ca cc cation st
vi mt s hp cht hu c.
II. Qu trnh to bngQu trnh to bng thc hin theo c ch hp ph to cu
ni: cc polymer v c hoc hu c c th ion ho, nh cu trc mch di chng to
ra cu ni gia cc ht keo qua cc bc sau: Phn tn polymer. Vn chuyn
polymer n b mt ht Hp ph polymer ln b mt ht. - Lin kt gia cc ht hp
ph polymer vi nhau hoc vi cc ht khc.
1. Tng hp polymer to bng2. S dng polymer PAM (cht tr lng)Cht tr
lng PAM l loi polymer tan trong nc c hnh thnh t acrylamide (hp cht
c cng thc phn t C3H5NO).
PAM c s dng tng nht cho nc v h tr keo t to bng.PAM c s dng trong
x l nc thi vi vai tr l cht h tr qu trnh keo t cc ht cn l lng trong
nc thi. Ngoi ra PAM cn kt hp nc to thnh hydroxit khng ha tan khi kt
ta chng lin kt li vi nhau to thnh cc mt li gi cc ht keo nh thnh cc
ht cn c kch thc ln hn.C 4 loi PAM: PAM Anionic: x l nc thi c c, hm
lng ion kim loi cao pH > 7. PAM Cationic: x l nc thi c hm lng
ion cht hu c cao pH < 7. PAM Non-ionic: tch hn hp cht hu c v v
c. PAM ion lng tnh c s dng khi nc rt kh x l: cng nghip ha cht v sn
xut giy. CCH S DNG PAMT l PAM trong nc l 0.01% - 0.1%. Chm
100ppm-200ppm PAM vo nc cn x l, tuy nhin t l ny khng c nh m thay i
ty theo cht lng nc.
Ngi hng dn: SVTHKin Th Thy Linh 11 Nhm 2
