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8/6/2019 BC Ch2 NonVerbal
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Nonverbal
Communication
http://www.positive-way.com/_borders/body.h1.gif8/6/2019 BC Ch2 NonVerbal
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Non-verbal communication
A series of conscious or subconscious signals toothers
Signals are sent by
Facial expressions Eyes
Hand movements
Gestures of arms and hands Leg movements
Posture
Zonal distance and orientation
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Importance of Non-verbal Communication
7 % of communication happens through
words
93% of communication happens through
non-verbal cues of which:
55% through facial expressions
38% through vocal tones
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Types of Non-Verbal Communication
Kinesics
Eye contact and facial expressions
Gestures
Postures
Proxemics
Public space Over 12 feet
Social Space 4 to 12 feet
Personal Space 18 inches to 4 feet
Intimate space 0 to 18 inches
Paralanguage
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Paralanguage
Cues one can pick up from an individuals
voice:
Tone
Rate of speech
Accent
Pronunciation
Not WHAT you say but HOW you say it!!
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Interesting things about body language
It has no words or sentences, but it does send bits of informationthat combine into messages.
Those messages, which are sometimes clear and sometimes fuzzy,are mostly about your feelings.
People can learn to read those messages with a fair degree ofaccuracy.
You cannot not have body language- you are sending messagesnon-verbally all the time. Especially when you are trying not to!
Your preferred body positions and movements do say somethingabout the kind of person you are.
If your words say one thing and your body another then people willbelieve your body, not your words.
You can change how youre feeling by consciously changing yourbody language.
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Signals are accurately read in clusters
Encodes Decodes
Sender Signal Receiver
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Selecting positive behaviours
Facial Expressions:Seven main expressions-
Anger
Disgust
Fear
Happiness
Interest
Sadness
Surprise
Most of the information is carried by eyes, eyebrows,
and mouth.
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Gaze
Maintain eye contact when talking and when
listening
Level of contact depends upon relative status ofother person
Area of gaze varies in line with status
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Gestures
Head nodding
Beckoning / welcoming
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Body posture:
Stand with hands held loosely behind the back
Lean slightly towards the other person
Sit still, with no sudden movements
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Bodily contact:
A controlled way of moving from initiating to
building a relationship
Appearances:
First impressions are geared to looks, not
actions
Give a strong signal of social status, place inhierarchy and ability
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Body talk
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Body Language
Frustration
Clearing throat, "whew" sound,
Whistling, smoking, pinching flesh
covering mouth, jiggling money orkeys, tugging ears, wringing hands.
Short breaths, "tsk" sound,
tightly clenched hands,
wringing hands, Fist like gestures
pointing index finger
rubbing hand through hair
rubbing back of neck.
Nervousness
Communication Skills
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Body Language
Defensiveness
Open hands,unbuttoned coat
Arms crossed, sidewaysglance, touching/rubbing nose, rubbing
eyes, buttoned coat,drawing away
Openness
Insecurity
Pinching flesh,chewing pen,
thumb over thumb,biting fingernail
Communication Skills
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Body Language
Confidence
Cooperation
Upper body in sprinter'sposition, open hands,sitting on edge of chair,hand to face gestures,
unbuttoning coat.
Steepled hands, handsbehind back, backstiffened, hands incoat pockets with
thumb out, hands onlapels of coat
Communication Skills
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Dominant:
Finger pointing
Eyes steady / fixing / narrowed
Lounging back with hands behind head
Feet on desk
Steep ling
Stands with feet apart
Loud voice, harsh commanding tone
Protects own space, strongly territorial
Invades others space
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Dominant Seldom smiles
First thumping
Shakes head more often than he nods
Eyebrow raised in disbelief
Chin thrust forward
Exploding Strides around impatiently
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Supportive:
Leans forward, eyes sparkling
Touching
Smiles readily
Jaw relaxed
Nods appropriately
Moderate voice, empathetic tone
Respects others space
Hand gestures frequent
Palms/wrists usually visible
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Negative:
Legs / arms crossed
Frown lines
Constipated gestures
Closed smile
Frequent pauses
No eye contact
Hunched shoulders
Hand covers mouth
Tortoise neck
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Compliant:
Nods often
Brief eye contact
Moderate voice
Few gestures
Leans forward to listen
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Helpful Behaviours
Lean forward, arms uncrossed
Look at the other person for 60% of the time
Make listening signals and noises
Smile
Use other persons name early in transaction
Ask open questions Summarize what you think they said
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Factors that affect the message are...
Attitude
Verbal message
Non-verbal message
Appearance
Background of the communicators
Expectations of the communicators
Setting
Your words and body language must not contradict each other
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Non verbal messages
Actions speak louder than words
Tone of voice
Gestures
Facial expressions
Posture
Eye contact Body movements
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What does the photograph say ?
Contd
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What does the photograph say ?
Contd