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CHANDRA SWARI
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1panzkoj Lokjh % okgu- vkf.k ekxZfoKkukP;k bfrgklakr 1960 rs 1970 ;knkdkpk dky[kaM gk ,d Qkj egokpk VIikBj.kkj vkgs- egr~ iz;kl d:u ns[khy] vkiY;k;k /kjrhojpsp nwjnwjps uos iznsk /kqaMkG.ksa] ;kiyhdMs ekuokP;k lapkjkph ety vkrki;ZUrxsyh uOgrh] i.k] ;k 8@9 okkrhy iz;Ruakuhv?kfVr rsa ?kMysa vkgs- i`FohP;k fudVpkvkdkkLFk xzg tks panz] R;k panzkoj tku;s.kkpsa izLFkku ek.klkusa Bsoysa o rh lQj;kLohfg >kyh vkgs-
jfk;k vkf.k vesfjdk ;k nksUgh jkVakpspanzkojP;k Lokjhps iz;Ru pkywa vkgsr] oLokjhP;k r;kjhP;k osxosxGkk mieakr] d/kh,dkph rj d/kha nql;kph ljkh Ogkoh vlsa?kMr vkgs- R;k mieakP;k o.kZuko:u ra= ofoKku ;akph dsosi l|%dkyakrpkyw vkgs gsa /;kuha ;srsa- izLrqr ys[kakr]vesfjdsph ,rf}k;d th ;kstuk&viksyks
2;kstuk&frP;k nksu egokP;k rifkyakph LFkwwyekfgrh lakxko;kpsa ;ksftysa vkgs] rs rikhyEg.kts Lokjhps okgu o ekxZ-
vkrak vk/kh ^okgu* ;k kCnkpk [kqyklkdjk;yk gok- panzkP;k Lokjhdjrak fu;ksftrdsysys rhu vodkk ohj T;k ;kuakrwu panzkdMsfu?k.kkj] ok rsFkwu ijr.kkj] R;k ;kukyk ;kizoklkpsa okgu Eg.k.ksa ;ksXkp gksbZy- i.k iqksdwu ns.;kdjrak izpaM khph t:jhvlY;kusa] R;k dkeha lWVuZ&5 ;k vktferhykmiyC/k vlysY;k lokZr eksBkk oegkkfkkyh vfXuck.kkph ;kstuk dsysyh vkgs-lWVuZ&5 yk okVY;kl ^okgukpsa okgu* Eg.kkosa]i.k] eq[; LFkyakrjkpsa lk/ku rsap gks;- ;kys[kakr ^viksyks* o lWVuZ&5 ;k nksUgh okguakphekfgrh fnysyh vkgs- vFkkZr~] R;akph jpuk odk;Z ;akph ekfgrh lakxrkuk] okguksi;ksxh
4vkdkZ.ksa ;akP;k ladfyr ifj.kkekuqlkj vlspHkzer vkgsr-
viksyks ;ku ;kp jhrhus panzkdMs >ksdwufnysa tkrsa- >ksdwu ns.kkjs lk/ku] lWVuZZ 5vfXuck.k vFkkZrp iq
5,[kknk inkFkZ lkodkkhusa mpyk;ykykx.kkjh kfDr o rks >ikVkkusa >ksdwu |k;ykykx.kkjh kfDr] ;akph rqyuk [kkyh fnyh vkgs-frP;ko:u] vodkk lapkjkyk ykx.kk;k izpaMkDrhph dYiuk ;sbZy- lWVuZ 5 vfXuck.kkP;klkkusa vikyks ;ku i`Fohiklwu lqekjs 120 eSymaphojhy d{ksar vk/kh izLFkkfir gksrs- R;kmapho:u i`FohHkksorh ,d@nhM Qsjh ekjY;kuarjrsFkwu rkkh 25]000 eSy osxkusa panzkdMs >ksdwufnys tkrsa- vkrak] dsoG 1 ikSaM otukP;kinkFkkZyk ;k izek.ksa Qsdwu panzkoj iksapko;kpsavlsy] rj R;k dkekyk fdrh kDrh ykxsyfrpk fgksc igk- ;k dkekdjrak ykx.kk;kkDrhusa 2 y{k 90 gtkj Vu ,ostfeuhiklwu ,d QwV map mpyrak ;sbZy- dsysysxf.kr iqu% iqu% riklwufg R;kP;k ;FkkFkZrsfok;haHkze fuekZ.k Ogkok vlsa gsa mkj vkgs- i.k rsvxnh cjkscj vkgs dkj.k oLrqfLFkrh rkh vkgs-
viksyks ;ku lapkpsa otu vkgs lqekjs 45Vu Eg.kts 45 xqf.kys 2240 ikSaM rsOgak gsaotu panzkoj iksapsylsa Qsd.kkyk fdrh kDrhykxsy R;kpsa xf.kr djrk ;sbZy- mRlkgh
6okpdakuh rsa dke djkosa- ;k xf.krkpk fudkZek= vlk fu?krks dha] vodkk izoklkykfu?krakuk ogu f;syk vkokd ulysY;klkekukps otu kD; rksa deh dsys ikfgts-
vfXuck.kkP;k ToyudksBakr ba/kufeJ.kkusfuekZZ.k gks.kk;k m.k ok;wP;k vkxhpk >ksr ekxsack.kkP;k mRlfxZ.kharwu osxkusa ckgsj iMrks] oR;kP;k izfrf;seqGsa vfXuck.k iqkY;koj]ekxpha dakMsa ekuas tGwu xGwu iMrkrR;keqGsa otu cjsp deh >kY;keqGsa iq
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lqekjs lOok 900 eSy vkh fLFkrh vlrs- nkVgosrwu Ogko;kP;k lqjokrhP;k 15 rs 18 eSym/oZ izoklkuarj vfXuck.k bV fnksdMs gGqgGqoGr jkghy vkh ;kstuk usgehp vlrs-
vfXuck.kkpsa frljs dakM& ;k dakMakr 1 baftuclfoysysa vkgs- R;kpk mRizsjd 100 Vu vkgs-;k baftukph mRlfxZ.kh ToyudksBkyk m[kGhlak/;klkj[;k lak/;kusa tksMysyh vkgs- ts.ksd:ufrpk d.kkZ Eg.kts >ksrkoh fnkk cnyrk ;srs ovfXuck.k bV fnksdMs oGork ;srks- ifgY;knksUgh dakMakrhy dMsP;k pkjh mRlfxZ.kh vkkpoyu{ke tksMysY;k vlrkr- frljsa dakM nksugIR;akuh tGrsa- ifgY;k gIR;akr rsa lqekjs vMhpfefuVsa tGrsa- R;kosGha rsa viksykslg vk.k[kh 15eSy map pkysysa vlrsa- ;kfLFkrhar R;kph i`FohHkksorhph ,d@nhM QsjhfoukkfDr iqjh gksrs- iznf{k.kk pkyw vlrakukP;knjE;kuP;k osGakr] ^panzkdMs lwj ekj.kkiwohZ loZr;kjh O;ofLFkr vkgs uk* ;kph rikl.kh] [kk=h
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dsyh tkrs] o rsa frljsa dakM vkf.k R;kyktksMysysa viksyks;ku gha iznf{k.ksarhy bV fBdk.khavkY;kuarj dakMkps Toyu iqUgk lq:a dsyas tkras-;k [ksisl Toyu lqekjs lOokiakp fefuVsa pkyrso R;keqGsa] iznf{k.ksP;k osGha vlysY;k lkMslrjk gtkj eSy osxakr ok< gksu rks rkkh24]200 eSy gksrks o panzkP;k fnksus ekxZe.kklq:a gksrs- gk izokl lqekjs 70 rkl pkyrks-frl;k dk.Makrhy ba/ku laiwu xsys vlY;keqGsao dakMkpsa dkefg laiys vlY;kusa rsa ;kukiklwufoHkDr gksrs- frUgh dakMakpsa dke laiY;keqGsa rhxGwu uV gksrkr- vkrak viksyks;ku vkiyk ekxZFkkssMk cnywu izokl pkywa Bsors] o lw;kZHkksorhekuofufeZr xzg ;k Lo:iakr okVpky djrsa-ifgY;k dakMkpsa QksydV osxkus o nkV gosrwui`Fohoj mrjrkuk cgqrakk tGwu leqnzakr iMrvlsy] rj R;kp dkj.kkeqGsa nql;k dakMkP;kj{ksps dsoG d.kp i`Fohoj mrjr vlrhy fdaokokrkoj.kakr fo[k:u tkr vlrhy-
midj.kakpsa nkyu& frl;k dakMkP;k ojhycktwl dopkP;k vakrhy vaxkusa vR;Uregokph fofo/k midj.ksa cloysyha vkgsr-
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vfXuck.kkP;k mk.kkps vWkVkseWfVd fdaok vkKs-uqlkj fu;a=.k dj.kkjk gk R;kpk esanwp Eg.krak;sbZy- ;s.ksaizek.ksa i`FohP;k oskhi;ZUr viksyks;ku usu R;kyk panzkdMs fHkjdkowu ns.kkpsalWVuZ 5 vfXuck.kkpsa dke ikj iMrsa-
viksyks ;ku& frl;k dakMkoj viksyks ;kuvFkkZr~ ;kulap clfoysyk vkgs- vk/kh panzvorj.k ;ku] Y;wukj eksM;wy] panzkoj mrj.kkjvkgs rsa gsa ,oksr lksM.kkjs jWkdsVbaftu* jsV~jks jWkdsV] izfr vfZuck.k R;k pkSikbZykcloysysa vkgs] o R;kP;ktoGP;k Vkdhar 8 Vuba/kulkBk Bsoysyk vkgs-
;k ?kMoaphP;koj tksM-lksM lak/;kus mk.k ;kuvWLlsaV LVst cloysysa vkgs- panzHkwehoj mrj.ksa
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o rsFkhy dke >kY;koj iqu% mk.k d:u] panzkHkksorh fQjr jkfgysY;k ewG fu;a=.k ;kukykxakB.kas gh dkefxjh fu;ksftr nks?kk varjkGohjakdMwu ikj iMk;ph gksrh rh ;k mk.k;kuakrclwu ikj iMysyh vkgs- mk.k;kuakr lOok nksuVu ba/kulkBk vkgs- o R;kP;k tksjkoj panzi`Bko:u ijr mk.k d:u] 70 eSy maphojpanzkHkksorh rkkh 3640 eSy osxkus fQjrvlysY;k fu;a=.k ;kukyk rs iqu% xkBwa kdras-
gha nksUgha ;kusa gyD;k /kkrwph o csrkP;kcGdVhph vkgsr- lWVuZ 5 oj clowu usrakuklq)k rha dakplkekuklkj[kh tiwu usyh tkrkr-i.k] panzkoj loZp inkFkkpsa otu&;akr vodkk;kf=dakpsfg vkys&;sFkY;k dsoG ,dkVakk HkjrvlY;kusa] rsa isy.kkyk rha iqjskha cGdV vkgsr
lkexzh ;ku] lfOgZl eksMkwy vkf.k fu;a=.k ;kudeakM eksMkwy ;k nksUgh Hkkxakpsa gsa ;ku]panzHkwehiklwu 70 eSy oj panzkHkksorh fQjrvlrs- lkexzh ;kukyk oGorak ;s.kk;kmRlfxZ.khpsa 10 Vu mRizsjd vlysysa vlsa baftutksMysysa vkgs- ;kuakr iqjslk ba/kulkBk o
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izoklkr ykx.kk;k oht] ik.kh] vWkfDltubR;kfn vusdfo/k xksVhapk lkBk vlrks- tkrakuko ;srakuk okVsr osxkP;k fnksP;k Vhusa t:j rhnq:Lrh] feM~dkslZ djsDku ?kMo.ksa o eq[;Rosa]panzklehi iksapY;koj osx deh d:u panzHkkasorhd{kkxr gks.ks] vkf.k rsFkhy dkefxjh laiY;kojiqUgk osx ok
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osx deh dj.kkyk vodkkohjakikkha vkrakizfrck.k ukghr- i`FohP;k okrkoj.kakrwu tkrakukgksbZy R;k fojks/kkpsp rso
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gksrs- vkrak izoskkph] jh,UVhph fnkk LikZ jskskhalkMsiakp vakkis{kak ygku dksu djhr vlsy rj;ku] nxMh diphlkj[ks okrkoj.kkP;kvakr-ckgsj iqu% iqu% mlGkk ek:u dqBsrjhHkjdVsy- myV] izoskkP;k fnkspk dksu 7vakkis{kak tkLr vlsy rj] ;kukpk Hkwi`Bkoj][kjsa Eg.kts leqnzi`Bkoj mrj.kkpk ckdnkj ekxZoktohis{kk vk[kwM vkf.k >ikVkkusa mrjrk vlkgksbZy] o gosP;k fojks/kkph m.krk fgksckis{kakvf/kd Rojsus fuekZ.k gksu ;ku tGwu tkbZy-
lWVuZ 5pas ifgys dakM isVwu mk.k dj.kkvxksnj28 etys maphP;k vfXuck.kkP;k lokr ojrhthouj{kd LraHk] yWkUp ,Ldsi VWkoj clfoysykvlrks- [kkyP;k cktwl ikyF;k ukGD;klkj[kstsa Vksi.k fnlrs rsa fu;a=.k ;kukoj ?k fQ cl.kkjsa i.k R;kiklwu lksMforkfg ;s.kkjs vlsa vkgs-;k LraHkakr ,d ?ku ba/kuh vfXuck.k clfoysykvlrks- LraHkkps iz;kstu iq
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vk/kh 30 fefuVsi;ZUr vfXuck.kP;k dakMakrfdaok brj= dakgha fc?kkM fu?kwu ohjakP;k thokyk/kksdk fuekZ.k >kyk] rj fu;a=.k;kuakrhy fofkVdG nkcrkp] fdaok vWkVkseWfVd ;a=.ksusa]LraHkakrhyvfXuck.k isVrks] o R;k fglD;kusa fu;a=.k ;kueq[; okgukiklwu lksMoys tku] LraHk vkf.k;ku nwjoj mlGh ekjrkr- iqkY;koj lq)k 3 fefuVsai;ZUr gh ;kstuk miyC/kvlrs- i.k lqnSokus vlk vi?kkrkpk izlax vkykukgh] rj R;k eqnrhuarj LraHkakrhy ck.kvkiksvki mMwu LraHk eq[; okgukiklwu lksMoyktkrks-
paknz ;k=spk ekxZpanzkoj tku iksap.;kdjrak] panz T;k fnkslfnlr vlsy R;k fnksykp {ksi.krGako:uvfXuck.kkusa eqlaMh ekjk;ph] vlk dakgha izdkj
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;k ckcrhar vl.kkj ukgh gs m?kM vkgs- dkj.k]letk vkh eqlaMh ekjyhp rjh rsFks ikspsi;ZUrykx.kk;k lqekjs 70 rklakr Lor% panzp ewGP;kfBdk.kkiklwu gyysyk vl.kkj-
rsOgak] ;kukpk izokl pkywa vlrakukP;k osGakr]panz T;k fBdk.kha ;s.kkj vlsy] R;k fBdk.khatku iksp.kkP;k csrkus i`Foho:u mk.kdjko;kpsa vlrsa gs vks?kkusp ;srsa-
vkrak panzkP;k ckcrhr lwj dsOgak ekjk;pkvlrks rs ikgwa- ck.kkpsa frljs dakM o viksyks;ku i`Foh HkksorhP;k d{ksar iznf{k.kk djhrvlrakuk] rh ;ku o panz ;akps ts visf{krehyuLFky vkgs R;k fcanwP;k Vhus i`FohP;k cjkscj myV cktwl] vWfUViksM toG vlrakukR;akph osxok< Ogko;kph vlrs- gh osxok< rkkh24]200 eSy izkIr >kY;keqGsa ;kui`FohHkksorhP;k ,dk Qkj eksBkk yaco`kkP;k]Eg.ktsp foo`kkP;k] ,fyIlP;k ekxkZus izokl lq:adjrsa ;k foo`kkojhy i`Fohyk lokZr toGP;kfcanwpsa Hkwi`Bkiklwupsa varj] miHkw varj] isfjxhfMLVUl vFkkZrp 120 eSyakps vlrs] rj nwjP;k
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fcanwps] viHkw fcanwps varj] vWiksxh fMLVUl dSdy{k eSyakps vlrsa- viHkw fcanwP;k fnksyk]letk panz okVsoj HksVyk ulrk] rj dakghavkBoMkakuh [kwi yakcV vkdkjkps foo`k iw.kZd:u ;ku i`FohdMs ijr vkys vlrs o exR;k ekxkZusa R;kP;k i`Fohiznf{k.kk pkywa jkfgY;kvlR;k- i.k letk i`Foho:u lwj ekj.kkpk osxvk.k[kh 800 eSyakuh vf/kd] Eg.kts rkkha25]000 eSy brdk Eg.kts eks{kosxkbrdkvlrk] rj R;kpk ekxZ foo`kklkj[kk] Eg.kts cangks.kk;k vkrhpk u jkgrak vUoLrkP;k]iWjkcksykP;k u feV.kk;k vkrhpk gksu rsi`Fohiklwu dk;eps nwj fu?kwu xsys vlrs- i.kvkrak panz okVsoj ;sr vlY;keqGsa] R;kP;kdMs>siko.kkjsa ;ku tltlsa R;kP;k vf/kd toGtkbZy] rlrls R;akP;ke/kY;k ok
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>qd.kkph R;kph gh izo`fk fkYyd vlY;kusa rsai`Foh panzkyk tksM.kkjh jskk vksyakMwu frP;knql;k cktwl tkrs- ;k lqekjkl] i`Foh panz ;knksUgh xksyakph ijLij fo:) cktwph vkdkZ.ksaleleku >kysyha vlrkr- ;k uarj panzkP;kvkdkZ.kkpk izHkko ok
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jsfMvksusa dakghafg lwpuk-lYyk ikBowa kdr ukgh-;ku i`FohdMs ijrY;koj ^Mkoh dk mtoh* ;kn`Vhusa ikgrak tkrkukP;k lkj[kk e ?kMrks oi`Fohyk MkohdMs Bsowu iwosZdMs tkr tkr] oGroGr vkf.k okkysysavlrkr- yakcwu ;su ;k Fkjakrwu [kkyh mrj.kkjsa;kufg iwosZdMs ?kqlr tkr vlY;kusa R;kyk gospkbV rsosikor vlrakukp R;kyk eq[;RosaiwosZdMs dak oGfoys tkrs rsa letkowu ?ks.ksa bVgksbZy- i`FohP;k oyuxrheqGsa fokqoo`kkojhyfBdk.kakuk rkkha lqekjs 1]000 eSyakP;k o mkjo nf{k.ksdMhy fBdk.kakuk deh gksr xsysyk vlkifpesdMwu iwosZdMs vlysyk osx vlrks- lWVuZ5 P;k dsi dsusMh {ksi.krGkyk rks rkkha 900eSyakpk vkgs- gk osx rGkojhy R;sd inkFkkrmnkgj.kkFkZ mk.kdjrak fl) vlysY;k vfXuck.kakr fHkuysyk vlrks- ;k lafpr osxkpk]
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laosxkpk Qk;nk ?ksup iFohHksakorh Hkze.k dj.ksvf/kd lqyHk gksrsa- ;kpk vFkZ] nf{k.ksph fnkkvf/kdakk iwosZdMs vkh Bso.ksa ekIr Bjrs-myV fnksus fQ:a ykx.ksa vkD; ukgh] i.k ;klgtlafpr osxkP;k fo:) tkrakuk Qkj eksBhkf o`Fkk [kpkZoh ykxsy-
LFkku Bso.kkph fnkk ifpe dak iwoZvlkoh ;kpk [kqyklk >kyk- vkrak LFkkuBso.kkph fnkk nf{k.ksdMs vf/kd dak mkjsdMsvf/kd vlkoh ;kpsa mkj kks/kwa& vkdkkakrlw;kZP;k okfkZd Qsjhpk tks ekxZ vFkok ikrGh]v;uo`k ,fDyhfIVd Hkkleku gksrs] rh vkiY;kfokqoo`kkP;k ikrGhkha 23AA vakkpk dksudj.kkjh vkgs- panzkph Hkze.k ikrGh v;uo`kkkhalqekjs 5A vakkpk dksu djrs- R;keqGsa vkdkkakrpanzkpsa LFkku fokqoo`kkP;k ikrGhP;k mkjsyk onf{k.ksyk 28AA vakki;ZUr iljysY;k ,danj57AA vak :UnhP;k ikakr dqBsafg vlwa kdrs-rsOgak ;ku iksp.kkP;k osGha panz dks.kR;kv{kakkkoj vlsy R;k csrkus lqjokrhP;k i`Fohnf{k.ksph ikrGh lk/k.ksa o R;kdjrak bV rso
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R;keqGsa okl lq:a >kY;koj nq:LR;k dehdjkO;k ykxrkr-
mk.kkpk frfFkfup;mk.kkP;k rkj[kspk] [kjs Eg.kts frFkhP;kfuoMhlaca/kha FkksMh ekfgrh vkrak letkowu ?ksa-viksyks 8 o 10 gha xsY;k fMlscj o es e/;sa>kysyha mk.ksa kq) f}fr;syk >kyha gksrha gsa/;kuha ?;kosa- viksyks 11 ps] panzHkwehoj R;{kekuo mrj.kkpsa mk.kfg vkkk< kqAA f}fr;sykp;kstys- ;k fuoMhar dakgha gsrw vok vkgs-f}fr;syk gks.kk;k mk.kkuarj oklkps 70 rklxsY;kuarj ;ku panzkP;k ifjljakr iksprs- rsOgakiapeh kBhpk dky vlrks( panz gk 60@65vak iwosZdMs ljdysyk vlrks] o panzfcackP;k]vkiY;kyk usgeh fnl.kk;k i`BHkkxkiSdhpanzkP;k iwosZdMhy lqekjs frljk fgLlk lw;Zdk-kakr vkysyk vlrks- R;k dkfkr Hkkxkykpvki.k iapeh kBhph dksj Eg.krks- panzkoj vkrak-i;ZUr tku vkysY;k fofo/k ;kuakuhfeGfoysY;k-QksVkso:u]iwosZdMhy ;k ,dr`fr;akk
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Hkkxkojhy panzkP;k fokqoo`kkP;k vkliklP;krhu pkj tkxk vorj.kkP;k n`Vhus kkL=KakuhfuoMY;k vkgsr- i.k gsa Bjfo.kkdjrak fdaokR;{k vorj.kkP;kosGha] lw;kZps fdj.k ;kgsjysY;k nskkoj fdrh vakkpk dksu d:uiMrkr gs egRokps vkgs- fdj.k 7 rs 20vakkP;kdksukus iMys Eg.kts rsFkhy VsdMkakP;krlsp foojakP;k dMakP;k lkoY;k csrkP;kyakchP;k iMrkr o panzHkwehpk mapl[kyi.kktkLrhr tkLr LiVrsusa rhr gksrks- ;kvMp.khph rhozrk ok
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vlsy rsOgakp gsa kD; vkgs- vkf.k Eg.kwuLFkkukph frfFk fuf.kZr gksrs- okVsy R;k frFkhykoklkyk fu?kwu dke gks.kkj ukgh-
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