Bilim Tarihi Yansı

Embed Size (px)

Citation preview

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    1/83

    &,73 02083/0 -2 ;0 9034433 8 302 74 43,297Q3Q2Q/0 -20 /,,32,,3 -7 90344 3,8 /QQ3Q020 80 90344338,,/ -QQ 4,3,,7/,3 ,7,7,32,,3 -7 -2 /0 /QQ3Q020 3/Q897/0;72 Q/, 07 ,,3 -280 /0;72/03 8437, 07000-29739070/0 -:,7 2,30073 :,32,8 0 -,,,3 3/Q897 0;72Q3 3. ,783/, 207,, 0297 3/Q897 0;7230 : 0903

    30/03 42:9:7 %0344 ::,2,, 0;07 - -72

    %.,709 4,3,,733 -QQ -4:9,7 ,,32,8

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    2/83

    &$ ;08083 -03073 3Q30 ,,7,/,, 904783 30 8Q72Q9Q $08/,,,733 0 3 070479,2 ,;, 8,47/: 8, ,;,8 0707/0 /0 0747/: :30/030 &$ :,3 087/0303 ;0 QQ 0830 :;,7,7/,3 4:,3 -7 479,2,/4: 4/:: 173 479,, ,929

    % ,3,3,3 !%$ ,/9,-3/, &$3 904783 70//0/07;0 5,7,. 904783 07 8Q707 :3, 70 -QQ , ,7009 0/03 4 QQ5,7,.,7/,3 4:2,9,/7 ,70093 ,8,83, ::3 4,7, -: 5,7,.,7 -7:;;09 9,7,13/,3 8,5972,/, /Q -7

    Q073/0 070707 ,382, -:5,7,.,73 ,389. Q0 9,7,13/,3070 ,92,8 03/0 07007 72,80 5,7,.,73 03 479,2 Q03/0:7,/,7 020 ,,3297 Q-4:3., 5,7,. 90478 00203 ,7 ;0 -:

    43:/, -7 020 0320

    #$%&$

    #$%&$

    8,,.0943

    8,,.0943

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    3/83

    ;0 808 Q073/0 /03007 ,5,3 %$& 0/0 099 843:,73,3., 3 /,, 42,8 ,3/0

    ,,3,-0.03 479,, ,77 3,3,33 390 ; 0 8., 30 4:78, 48:3

    30/03 05 ,3 , ,2,9,/7 847:8:3:3.0;,-3 5,7,. 90478 ;070202090/7 72,;0 ,382,33 ,3 ,3/, 42,8 /,, ,83/,3-,3., /4,/7 ,,9 30/03 5,7,.,73 -7

    82 ,38703 -7 82 72,, :7,834:33 -:/:: -7 0 24/073 459

    9047833 90203 4:9:72:9:7 :3, 70 007 /,,8 -7-7 Q0730 ,72 /,,::3:: ,/,7 ,7 /QQ478, -: /,,,7-7-73 4 0/07 ;0 ,7,3 20/,3, 078, -0 -7 ::28:: 3/0 /00780-7-7073 5097070 070707 %##$ ,/3 ;07/ -:4,, -, QQ07 Q20/903 -,, 3/,, -4:3: /, 20 -,,77

    %$&

    %$&

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    4/83

    ,32,8 07003 -7 -,, 4, /, 2/# #$ /0303 4,/ Q30 QQ-7 /0903 ,7,3 -7 4/,, 7/3/0 4: Q89Q3/0

    030073 507/00 ,38,3 00733 03,73/, 19 :, 7033/0 703 07907 7Q3Q7 #$ ,/3/, -77,38 -2 ,/,2 &3 72 083 :,3,7,732 4,3 -,,7 0 ,,7 7,38 2 ,/028Q0073/03 -733 9047 /47: 80 QQ Q7080 -7 .8230833 9,2 479,83/, 5,7, -7 349,33 7Q2080707 /0208 Q0730 /030 ,57 ;0 843: -003/ -,7 : /,, 9047830 03 -7 Q ,9,7

    #$&&$%

    #$&&$%

    33 Q2083/0 4/:,-,,7 843:,7 ,37

    & 28

    &&% 28

    $ 28 & &&% $

    & &&% $

    &&% 3 4:3 479,2/, /,, ,;, 070/3 ,39,,7, 5,7,.

    9047830 Q2.Q /,7-0 ;:7:7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    5/83

    ,//033 ,58 Q073/0 ,2,,7 2,//00307 83 3 5,3,,72,/, 09 4:7 : ,,3/, ,2, $ #% 9,7,13/,3 ,5297

    #% ,,233 90 ,59 4,3

    #$ $ !&$$ %# & &

    $ % DD D# DD#

    9,-3/, 24/073 90724/3,2 :7,7 #% -0 -7 29,7/, ,9, 30,/,7 0/0 0/0-0.03 03 , ,9, 03 4 3 3,8 8,,3,-0.03 -208947/: -0 -7 ,73 Q800 ,72,8 4,7, 9,3247 3.00833 0 /00-7 43:8: Q073/0 /:7:47/: &,9 843: 0

    09030-7 833 Q80 8.,9,3 ,, 8.,, /Q208 0307 Q7097#%:3 170733 09 ,0 0208

    $ !#$%% &

    ;0 # '

    -007

    $#%

    $#%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    6/83

    30733 47:3:2: 08 030733 49,3 ,7,9,2,,.,3 ;0 40/0200.03 1,/0 0/07 307 ,3., -7 -2/03 -,, -7 -20/3Q9Q7Q0-7

    07 30 ,/,7 -7 /02/0 0307 4 0/02080 /0 87,1 0/0-73 & 0097 Q073/0 2,3 # 80 -44 Q073/0

    ,2,,7 0 -: 0070 :,7,7

    $

    !#$%%&

    $

    !#$%%&

    &:3 /03007 -7 -,9,7,/,3 ,7.,3,3 030733 0097/0;7083/0 20/,3, 003 8, /03 4/::3: 89077 ,,8437, -: 030733 -,9,7,33 ,97/ 24947:3 20,3 0 47,39 4/::3: 703 & 843:.: 03000702,8, 030733 02 8 0307830 02 /0 20,3 03070

    09 4/::3: 07 8Q707

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    7/83

    & -: 843:,73 /039070/0 ,,703 2,3 1 -3% ,3 843:.:

    8 ;0 3 -0 -7 47,3/, /00-73-7 , 0 84:9 /QQ320 0 ,47/:

    072,33:/07/3,3/;43

    0249

    072,33:/07/3,3/;43

    0249

    %,2 -: 87,,7/, # '

    %$ #%:3 :,9 843:.: 0309.,2,,7 ,52,9,/7 ' 030733 47:3:2: ;087,1 0 007 2,902,980 90200 49:792: 4,7, 7,09 2 :7::3/, ,,7

    ' ,3 ,2,3/, 0307 ;0, 8 203 -7 0 0977 8 2,//0 5,7,.,733 0

    Q0 ,7009073/03 /4/::3, 70 -: ,700907342,/ 349, 8., 033 &% $#%$ 4,7, 8007 ,59 /03007 #%9,7,13/,3 9Q2 2,//007 3 ,3 4/:: 479,,,7,3 -: 8.,3 4 4/::3: 479,, ,77

    #'#'

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    8/83

    # ' 0 ,3 ,2,3,7/, 2,3-2 ,/,2 &$&$ #% ;0&Q3 843:,73 -7 9047 ,93/,

    945,2, -,,77 ;0 -/783 073207 ,/02830 8:3,7

    ,//0 ;0 0307 83/0 302 -7,/2 Q23 -,3/, $%9,7,13/,3 ,97 : 9047/0 03073347:3:2: 08 0 Q9033 47:3:2: 08

    -70977 2. /0302 0702,//033 03070 09 4/:: ,39,37

    #:/41

    ,:8:8

    #:/41

    ,:8:8

    -079

    38903

    -079

    38903

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    9/83

    %/,3 8437, 1 ,,33/, 03 302 020 Q/, # ;0$ # 9,7,13/,3 %# 43:8:3/, ,2,,7/,42:9:7 %:3 :;;09 ,;7,23, ,7 # ,,3 ,;7,230977 097 2,309 ;0, 0702 :;;0933 07 ,/ -7 :, 5,7,8 4:;;09 3 -7 ,,3 4:9:7:7

    $#

    $#

    ##

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    10/83

    #%3 /0 ,3,/ % ,/0807 2,3092, 43:,73/, -280 ,2,,73-,,3. 8,7 07-,7 5,7,833 8Q7920 0 -,

    QQ 5,7,,7 020 0 ,,3/ 08/03 -07-347/: #% -: 020 Q.Q3Q3 8Q79Q3Q0330830/0 8, 4/::3, 3,347/: #% 092,//0073 8Q79Q320/03 8437, 0073 1,77:59, 945,3/3 479,, ,7/ :3,7/,3 .,2QQ79 7030 ;0 07-,7 8Q79Q3200 020 Q.Q

    ,,32,9, -,7 ;0 Q2Q - -,,7 80 0200 ,,3247/: #% -73. 9Q7/03 4,32,//0070 0097 3. 9Q7/03 4,3,7, /, %# 3083007 ,/3 ;077 3:3 9,323, 70-:Q3 -: 2,//007

    0097 F ,9,3 4,97

    0097 42,,3 F 0903

    4,7, -32090/7,2-079,2-079

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    11/83

    Q 843,73, ,/,7 0097 ,2,,7 0097489,9 Q073/0 4:3,297 Q3 3. ,783/,3 8437, 0097 ,233 010/208 0 03 -7 /302-,,7 '%33 03/ ,/, ,3,3 5 ,52,8 -: 43:/, 020070 30/034:7

    097 ,233 -::32,8 /, -74 0190 4/::: - 908,/Q107 843:.:42:9:7 %#! ;0 %&$ /0303 -,,73 ,59,7 4 0981073 /,93 02 -: 4,73 -7 9Q7 43/,38,97 4,3 $33 ,59 4 090730 -030/3/03 4, ,7, -:3,73 0097473 4,-0.0 /QQ3Q2Q9Q7

    ' 0/03 0830 -,,/ :7-,, -,.,3/,-7 9,2 85,2,9 ,82,,7 4/::3: /,0297 ' ,8,73 0208 0 0097804:,73 20/,3, 0/3 //, 09280 /0 3,3/7.4,2,297 :3:3 /47: 4/:: 4 /,, 8437,,7,39,3,.,97

    ''

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    12/83

    '% 009780 0933 /4:32,9,92, ;0 720 47,3,73 090070 09 /::,7,4 ,93 89077 C7303 1,7 209,07/03

    ,52 5,7,/,3 -733 /3 Q89Q30 /0733,93, 432,8 843:.: /3 9:: -7 9,/ ,2,,-,,/ 7QQ7 '% /, -:3, ' -,;,3 0097 ,/3 ;07297 ,,9 ,3 843:.:3/ 0730 8,,2:7,, -,972 ,3., -7 ,79435,7,8, /, 479,, 93 7Q3.0 0933 /0 -,

    42,/3 ,3,297 @4 020/03 34 ,9-,7 87,,2,8 0 '49, 53 0700977 :7,/,03 ,99, -::3,3 34 9,-,,8 03 Q8990 -::3,3-,7 9,-,,8 0 -,,3/3/, ,7,/, 0903 90/038Q70 4,7, 00973 ,9 03297

    Q3 -,,73, /0 '49, 533 Q709900970 ,7009 0097 8Q79Q320 0 Q709030070 /0 072 0097 /0347/: /0 0097 9072344830 03 ,;7,2,7 097/;0 097 9,7 2 //09 072 '49,

    9,32,73 ,59

    $$#'%

    $$#'%

    #$#$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    13/83

    %#@%#

    '49, 533 .,3/3/,3 02038437, $ ;0 #$ ,/ 3 302 -7 0190 -::3/:,7@34 ;0 -,7 0;,, ,7 ,7 5739007 -,,,7, 90073 807-089 :,73

    3/0 8: ;0 9: -::3,3 -7 ,5 3007097/07 030/0 9007/03 -733:.: 48/0 4:703 /073/0 /7403, 945,347/: :3, 70 0097,233 0 8:: -023/0/7403 ;0 48030 ,747/: :

    843:.:3 03208 843:.:%# ,/ ;0703 -2 /,479,, 297 : 39020 $#&!# ' /,, 8437, $&;0 !%$& 002039073010/0.097

    $#&!#'$#&!#'

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    14/83

    $ ;0 #$ 33 /0302083/0 :,73 0;7083/0 945,3,3/7403 ;0 4803 ,,733 29,733 9:: 8:/,3 003 0097 ,23329,7 0 47,39 4/:: 0329 : 33 3023 ,;7,,3 #

    09 2,//0073 7,233 807-089 ,0 0208 3 30 ,/,7 00970 9,.4/::3: 200 ,7 7Q7 -: 29,7 2,//033 ,9428, ,73, -,/73.002007 /,, 8437, -: 007 29,733 807-089 ,0 003 2,//033 ,9428,8 0 4 /,, 8 8 4/::3: 89070.097 0.0 07 ,942, 3 -79020 0097 QQ -7233 4/:: /QQ3.08 479,, ,7 ;0 07/0 /4,.,009743 ,;7,233 9020 ,97

    #3 009742,, ,98 -:3:3, ,2, :Q3 :,3,39072073 4:3: 0 4 :,3297 ,, 0974 :,3,3 090009749 :,3,3 0;,,7, 349 ;0 ,949 3499, 945,3,3 090 343 ,94//, 945,3,3, ,943 830 -7/03 43 8207 # 9,7,13/,3;07297

    , ,07/0 -7 0903/03 0097 ,233 020833 8 ;0, 2,83, 30/03 4:: 8 ;0 9034483/0 302 020070 30/03 42:9:7,, 3028 0097 0 23,98 ,7,83/, 33 -::3/::3:3 479,,,72,8/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    15/83

    7 /030 083,83/, ,2 003 -7 903,33/, -::3,3 5:8:, 308338,52,8 3/, C#$%30097 0 23,98,32, ,7,83/, -,-:2,83, 30/03 42:9:7 : 907,190344833 ,-07.8/7 3 02'%# /0303 ,09 0 0097,233 //0933 Q208 39023 /0,7,297

    C#$%3 -:::3:3 30231,70/0307/03 !#/7 !#,2 003 ;0 -7-730 ,3 070972 09033 -7-7073 00.03 ;0,90.03 479,, ,7,7, 007 ,2 023,983 0/007 4/::3:,39,297

    7 /030 083,83/, ,2 003 -7 903,33/, -::3,3 5:8:, 308338,52,8 3/, C#$%30097 0 23,98,32, ,7,83/, -,-:2,83, 30/03 42:9:7 : 907,190344833 ,-07.8/7 3 02'%# /0303 ,09 0 0097,233 //0933 Q208 39023 /0,7,297

    C#$%3 -:::3:3 30231,70/0307/03 !#/7 !#,2 003 ;0 -7-730 ,3 070972 09033 -7-7073 00.03 ;0,90.03 479,, ,7,7, 007 ,2 023,983 0/007 4/::3:,39,297

    ,38789,307890/,38789,307890/

    3/7F,7025G703/7F,7025G70

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    16/83

    48: -7 ,033 4.:: 4,3 # 0203 7032 4,3, -:,2,/ ,/0 /Q3,33 03 803/03080 ,7,972,.,73/,3 -7 4:7 @4.:::3: -7 9,5/,

    7, ,5,7, 077 9,5,7 ,7,83/, -280 4,3,7, 0 89077 :3,7 4:,7, 03/3 0997200 ,7 7 7,89,39843:.: $# &!# '33 #% $%%D$D43107,383, /07 ;0 -7 8Q70 8437, '33 /,93 0070 43,,-47,9:;,7 ,889,3 4:7 # 3 03 302 -:::%#% D$ /:7 #$% 3 907830

    23,98, 0097 ,2 ,7,95 ,7,9,2,,.,3 ,7,972 ;0 8Q703 /03007/03 8437, /0 843:., :,7 # 3 -723,983 ,7009 0 0097 ,233 Q7090-0.03 -:2,820,3 030733 0097 0307830 /3Q9Q7Q0-0.0 4,83Q3/020 0972 ;0 097 Q03/8 230 ,/2 ,9297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    17/83

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    18/83

    #3 -: ,,2,833 2,902,980 4,7, /, 083 -7 -2/0 1,/00/208 07047/: 3., # -7 2,902,9 /0/ %047332,902,980 1,/08 $ # 9,7,13/,3 /,0700297 3 /,, 8437, 097/ %#%%# /0 03 Q/0 #3 :,9 843:,7, /,,37 : 90470 70 9Q2:, /,,,733 03 8,,,3 -7 479,2, /4:/:7 : 479,2/,3

    /,,833 0 /020 -7 030733 0 /02097 307 479,23 -7 -Q2Q3/03-,, -7 -Q2Q30 00703 309 ;0 549,380 0307 -2073 ,7 ,309,,3/, -7 /0 087 /0303 479,2/, 00973 07 /0230 4 ,,7 ;0 -:549,380 0307 8,,7 07 /0233 03/03 08 ,30 0208 -7 2,309 ,,3,7,97 -: /, 309 0307 8,,7 : ,,3 907,7 0097 07 /0230 4 ,,7 ;0-: 0;72 8Q7Q5 /07 0.0 20/,3, 003 009742,309 /,, -7-70

    /003 2,309 ;0 0097 ,,3,73/,3 -,70997

    $#$#

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    19/83

    097 ;0 2,3092,33 9020 ,8,,732,902,980 /0302070 ,3,9,3

    009742,309 /,,,73 33 0 ,3 4/::3:89072 ;0 3 /, 009742,309 /,, 4,-0.030,709 09297 0.0 4 ,2,3, ,/,7 ,7 4,3 !%%# ' %$ -20733 -70208303.QQ 09297

    3 9047 4,7, 30 8Q7/QQ -: 17072,3 -2 ,/,2 #% 9,7,13/,3 /0 /030804,7, ,39,3297 #%3 009780 ,3,,7/,30/0 099 /,,,7 ,0 %04783/0 37Q03 /,,,7,,3 42,33 ,33/, /,,,733 9Q2 0073 /0

    9,47/: :3,7 2/ 7,/4 /,,,7 /0303 4 8, /,,-4: /,,,7/ :89,;:/079:89,;:/079

    4/0737,/4,3903/0/24Q80/0;72070:,24,3Q3Q2Q9034483390203/0#;0#%3-280,2,,7,92,9,/7

    4/0737,/4,3903/0/24Q80/0;72070:,24,3Q3Q2Q9034483390203/0#;0#%3-280,2,,7,92,9,/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    20/83

    ;0 %:3 9020073 ,99 20,3 43,7/,3 8437, 020830 ;0 5708933 03 Q89 /Q03/0 42,83, 7,203 -,

    02007 ,783/, 09078 ,7 Q3 843,73, /47: 1 -2839,7, ;0 -:3,2, /Q07 7 2,30 24/030 70 ,9 ;0 09430,3 0 9,2,203 ,,3,-0.0 ;,78,,3 /4, 4,,733 -,,733,,3,2,2,8 -23 -920/3 89072090/ %0470 9078 /Q030207 ,33/, 3,7 00974 7,/4,9;90 7,/:2 :,39:2 ;070,9;9033 479,, 07 03 4 ,3,,2 42,/3, ,709092090/7

    @4 020/03 0943 133 -0 ;0 -QQQ 29073/0007 4/:: ,942 ,9 -4:9,7/, ;0 3, ,3 ,7/, -: 1309078 ,/ 03297 : 09078903 Q3 -,3/, 2,//0 ;00307 43: ,,3 &%& %#$ 0 ,7009 0/03 Q90070 ;0 03:,8, 070 30 #%'% %#$ ,/ 0 -QQ 9047 479,,

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    21/83

    !,//0/03 ,3 8

    ;0 3 8Q70 ,-23/0 /0 :,39,

    ":,39 ,/3 ;07/ 5,0907,3/0 ;0 08 -2/04/:: 843:.:3, ;,7297: 90470 70 2,//04:9:7,3 ,942 ,95,7,.,73 /,;7,3 ,8

    13 30/0380 0830-, /0/7 7 009743:3/,;7,33 3.0/03089720 4,3,8/7 3.,009743,7 3 ,3/0,3/3/, 43,7 89,989803902070 3.000-7

    $% -:/:7:2: -2309078 0 ,,2

    ;0 /:7:2:3 0.4/::3: 8,;:32:9:7

    ,,2 -4:3., /4,3330/0380 ,8,,7, -,0/ 7QQ3Q47:2,83, 7,203

    -:Q3 0203 07089,7,13/,3 30/0380/0 4,8 ,8,,733007 4/:: ,-:0/2090/7

    !!

    $%$%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    22/83

    $% 80 904783%:3 2:9, :, 2:9,,2,3 ;0 2:9, ,7009

    ,;7,2,73 70/0/070 :72,,-,,7 ,8 /QQ3.00 70 ;0 ;2033 Q208 4:3:30,2,3 4:5 42,/33-32083 070977 8, :,208,1007 8 43:8: 4/::3/,38703, 70 2:9,0,2,3 49:7 7 02.3 0,2,3 4,3 4: 07/0 -7 -,, 02. 30,2,3 /0/7 07 447/3,98890233 ,2,3 03/83070/7 : ,2,3 -20/0

    07,3 -7 4:3:3 4:,2,33 -07020 4,3,8/73 0/0 208,10 /070.0/7 Q3Q 07 447/3,988902 /07 88902070 70,7009 ,3/0/7

    $%%:3Q908002,8,83/,09078-::70943,70Q9007-7-73

    7,;9,843/0/2-7:;;090007078,38903027,;9,8434:8:3:Q900733/0-::3/:::,3042097,5833-708,2,9,/77-73/039020/01,74,3-:904733479,,30;70320,324/0,;7,2,7,/084:92,902,980,;7,2,7,,,2,,9242,,7/707904784:9-79,2,;7,2,7,/,,32,9,/7:,;7,2,7,4/::2:/QQ3.0-207/3,2,/,3,3,2,843/070.047/:7

    38903904783,,2,/,479,,42:9:7/0,,3,3823,C#%'% /,,,3,3823,#%'%,/;07297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    23/83

    4, 4,,73 20,3 24/0070 49:792, 0730 84:9 2,902,980

    070 3/70070 ,,2, 4:3, /03 03 302 -280 /0;72 ,!,3.3 -,,99 &%& %#$ 0 0700297

    Q 843,73/, 89,7, 47 ,30 0972 209,3 ,7/ 8 ;0

    7,/,843:3:3 390 -7 4 133 83 02090/7

    C00 8, .82 7,/,843: /,, 4 02090/7

    89,3 -7 209,/03 3.0 72 -078 317,70/ 7,/,843 ,3,32,, -,,7

    $., ,799, /070 72 9:7:3.: 8,7 ;0 3,09 -0, 70307 00203

    4:7 07 8.,/,, /, ,79,78, ,3,3,3 7,/,843 247 908 :97 ,;40

    -00 /47: ,,7

    ,7, .82/03 ,3,3,3 7,/,843:3 85097:2: 030733 1,7 /,,

    -4,7 ,7,83/, 3,8 /,/3 89077 !,3. -: 43: Q073/0 ,2,,-,,/3/, -: 0307 /,2 Q0-47/:

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    24/83

    307

    ,,-4:

    247908,9,89741:!74-02 20 843:,733 -003030:2,2,83/,3 ,3,,347/: #,/,843 030788Q70 -7 , -23/0 ,-: 0//3/03 /,,-4:3:3 8,2,8 170,383 ,792,8 0 030733

    8438:, /47: ,792,8 07047/: 07 -:3,247908 ,9,89741: ,/3 ;07207/ 3., /03007-7 .82 30 ,/,7 8978, 8983 -7 ,2,38438: 0307 ;0720/3 890747/: D890 ,3030733 -QQ -7 82 479, /,, -4,73/, /,,, -QQ ;0 QQ /,, -4,73/, 0347/:

    ,/0 -:7,/, ,3 7,/,843 0307833 8Q7042,8 54903/0 42,/ ;0 -: 5490 9070/20/ 3., -: 843:., ;,72, ;0 ,-:03204, /0/ @Q3Q 4 ,2,3, ,/,7 /4,338Q70 43:8:3/, -7 Q50 49:

    !,3. -0 -,,39, 479,, ,99 1472QQ3 30 /070.0/0 /0;7280 390904/::3:3 1,73/, /0/ 8,/0.0 /030 843:,73 ,,,3 -7 1472Q 4,7,-,47/: ,59 0 3., 8, -7 8Q70 8437, /030233 9Q2 ;,78,2,7 ,9Q890993 03/8 /0 ,3,,.,9

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    25/83

    !,3. 574-023 Q2Q3Q ,7,703 492,333 89,989802094/:3/,3 ,7,7,32, 4:3, /07 7 /:7:2:3 4,8 /070.083-070200 ,7,,3 -: 3902 ::,3/ 43:3:3 8,,-7 42,83070977 3070 ::,32,8 /, 030733 -7 9,2 -2007/035,7,,7/,3 4:9::3: ;,78,2,, 2Q2Q3 4,-7/ 3., -:5,7,,2, 0. -7 /:7:2/:7 ,3., 08,5,2, 903 3 070/7843:3/, -,, -7 903 ,7,. 0 0307 8Q70 ,3 /:7:2,/3Q0-0.0 /QQ3Q2090/7

    90 !,3. -: 843 ,,2,/, 0307 -709720/03 -7,7 ;01472QQ3/0 /0 097/ 07 3Q30 8077 Q207 ;0, 5,7,,75,0907 ,3/0 3Q30 ,3,3 0307 8438:, /0 -Q3020 : 807,/,843 0307833 8Q70 ;0, 29,7 4,7, 8438: 42,/ ,3,29,2,9,/7 90 !,3. -: 4/,3 /070 &%& %#$33 9020

    9, 4,3 1

    1472QQ30 :,7 0302/0 0307 1 170,38 80 4:08/0073/0 -7 8,-9 8,/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    26/83

    472Q !,3.3 ":,39:2 :,39 /0/ -7 0307 5,09

    5,7, 0 -7 /,, 170,38 ,7,83/, /0 0972090/7 :3,70 -7 :,39:2 030783 -:2, 3 /,, 170,383 !,3. 8,-9 0,752, 0702090/7 ,, 8070 -7 7,/,843:3 03078 170,383,-Q3/QQ3/0 /,2, 8,8 0/0 0/208 0702090/7 !,3. 8,8 /,;,:2/, - 0;7033 /020073/03 -7 4,7, ,-:0/2090/7

    !,3.3 -::: 3 /,, ,7,9073/0 4::3, /47:/,3 -7900 4:9:72,2,, -07,-07 030733 8Q70 ,;7,23 9020/038,7847/: ,7, .82 7,/,843:3/, 030733 08 08 ;0, 87,,7,

    /093 ,-:0320 07047/: 0.0 08 ,93 /0 4, 8,$7,2, ,3 2 ;0 ,8 13 03 302 /,,3,,73/,3 -72Q9Q

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    27/83

    D3Q1#!,3.3:3,78Q47

    #%%&%&!$$!%'#@#$%' $!D$

    '#%$$&@#C $ %#$#$ '###$D#%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    28/83

    %&

    %%##

    #,/,843 03078338Q70 /0 08 4:: ;0030733 :,39 ,/ ;07039,30.07/03 4:9::3: 30 8Q703

    !,3. 9047833 /0;72. 39038903 3 /0 Q073/0,59 ,2, 0 4 /,, ,3,7

    03007 Q0730 /Q03 209,07/03 009743,73 459::3:890747/: # 098 0 ,3 009743,73 0 ///09,7,83/, -7 -::32,/3 ,39,29 //0933 ,792,8 0,3 009743,73 8,8 ,7947/: ,2, 009743,73 /0247/:

    :3, ,7 Q80 170,38 Q80 0307 247

    009743,73 /,, 42,,73, /QQ 170,38 ,, 0307 72 009743,73 ,733 /,, ,;, 42,,73, 30/034:47/:

    ,3, 209,/03 :,,977 ;0, ,7,7978, ,3009743 8,8 ,,47/: ,2, ,7 /0247/:

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    29/83

    $%, 70 -: 843: 3 5,7,. ;0, 0307 9,30.073/034:9:: ;,78,23, /780 ,,3,-7/ 3:3 14943 /0/ -: 9,30.07/03-7 209,/0 009743,7/,3 -730 ,7593/, 030783 009743, ,9,72,9, ;00307 ,,3,3 009743 209,/03 45,7, 807-089 ,0 02090/7 @,3009743,73 0 170,38 ,7,83/, 14943,73 0307 QQ 0 ,,3,-770,38 Q80 14943,7 /,, 1,, 0307 9,/3/,3 ,759,7 009743,/,, 1,, 0307 ,9,72,9, /4,8, 009743 /,, ,7009 092090/7

    $%33 %%# 4,7, -303 -:/0302 8437, 9,7,13/,3 /03080 4,7,,39,32 ;0 $% 4-0 C/QQ3Q ,7,/,3 09903 8437,

    /0 -: -::: 30/030 ,,-297

    $%;0

    ;20

    44

    ;20

    44

    ;20

    4

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    30/83

    4940097 4,, -790 107 03/03 -7 2,, 7/07 72 ;0 732- 4,,7 3 /,, 90478 0 ,,3,-47/: ,3., ,7, .82 7,/,843: ;014940097 4,3 ,,32,8 3 /0 :,39:2 90478 07047/:

    :,39:2 9047833 /03 -,,,7, 020 902548:3, 7208,32,7, -2 ,/,2 $ # :3 ,2,8, -,,297 # /0 :,39:2 904783 47/ #&%## 9,7,13/,3 ,942 3 30703 07/09047830 ::,7 #&%##, 70 ,942 Q30 8890230 -0307 -7 ,5,8,597 79,/, 5491 0097 QQ 843 /070.0 4:3 07/0 574943 ;0 097,13/,/303 30,91 0097 QQ 009743,7 -::32,9,/7 #: 03/703 ,8

    847: -0 -7 ,942:3 3,8 8,,-/ /

    $#$# #$% #&%###$% #&%##

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    31/83

    3/ - 03 ,11 ,942 -7 574943 ;0 097,13/, /303 -7009743/,3 4:,3 /7403 ,942:/:7 Q908 009743:3Q9083/03 ,, /01, /,, -QQ 4,3 574943:30097 QQ 0 009743:3 0097 QQ -QQQ 4,7,

    -7-730 09 ,3., ,7090 9997 ,8 1 ,8,,73,70 -0 -7 ,942:3 /03083 47:2,8 4,3,8/7Q3Q 009743 /,, ::3:: /070 ,,,3 /,,,7,7,7, 574943, /47: 08 20/7

    47:3 ,,2 -: 8,3., /077 47:7,28, -7 ,,2, 0972083 /7403 ,942:3/,009743:3 ,3., ,7,5 -0 7Q3007/0/30-0.03 ;0 -: 7Q30/0 03 7,/,8438,,2,,.,3 07 8Q707 #,/,843 ,3., Q80 03077Q30/03 /QQ 0307 7Q300 00703 ,2,37: 7,/,843 -7 :,39:2 1 4:5 170,38 0 ,5,37Q30070 70 /07

    47:3 2,902,980 4,7, 097/ -:,,2, /7403 ,942:3:3 ,7/ 3 /,, -4,73,,., /070.0/0 -7 /47::, ;07/903 -,, 4 ,2,3,,/,7 03202 247 908 ;0 72 -0787,/,843,73 /03080 4,7, -::32,83, /, 4

    ,47/:

    $#$#

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    32/83

    7 4 43:, , 09720830 ,7 # 24/0

    #&%### 24/0 07 3/03 0907 42,9,3 :, ,297 /0 $# ,942 24/0 /QQ3.083 -7 03,7, 9070 ,385097, 170,38 ;0 //09 - 030-7 /00307 Q0730 /,,

    :,39:2 0,33 0977 : 9047/03 ,3 843:,7 #:907147/4724/030 70 /030 ;070730 /,, ::47/:

    003-07 #:3 /0 :7/:: 4503, %047 3899Q8Q3/0 !& & # # ;0# - 803 1070 -790 :,39:2 20,333 097208

    Q0730 ,47/: : 7:-:3 03 -QQ -,,78 !, -,,,3:,39:2 90478 0 ::3 ,2,3/,3 -07 ;,74,3 /,, 904783 ,/ ,93/, -70970-2007 42:9:7 : 020 7,38 /0# ;0 ;:89:7, $#C#3 ,2,,7 8,083/0 20/,3,0297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    33/83

    08037,;/47,473,2,703.07,F4374:34:8/0740,7%,47425943,70:70!09074801,20-0!,:/703,:7.07,.!,:7031089

    -07938903#,54,7/407,708:030:0,793,38789,33:/80303/7.39437,2078!,:,30;37;3,32:703/7394434703941,3!,:,,77389:/!,3.03,28#.,7/84373$.7/307,708%42843#00808432

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    34/83

    08037,;/47F4374:32F::89049943,70:70,708,943,73!09074801,20-0!,:/703,:7.07,.-0793890337.4072,90707,.!097043/4;.,59,!,:

    ,30;341,3!,:03,28#.,7/843734/4,330802$4220710/994$9073!0907002,32

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    35/83

    # :3 /0 479,, ,99 9047 0703.0 009743,73 ;0030 4,7, 07 2,//080 5,7,.3 ,7009 /,,8,/ -,9, 8,2, -7Q303 -: 9047 4 020/03 009743,7, 732 /03033 0700208 0/03080 4,7, /, 85,9 0//

    /, $#C#3 009743,73 /,,8, 4/:: 7QQ3Q/7403 ,942:3, ::,2,8 0 :,9 ;0 -:Q3 $#C# 4,7, -303 /0302 /,, 20,333 9020 9, 42:9:7 $.7/307 -7009743 7Q3083/0 -::3,3 009743 /,, -4,733 0870 07 ;072083 9,2

    8,,7, 1,/0 0/0-0.03 89073.0 47 9047833 ,7,39, ,,3 -, 307/0 ,/3,3297 0.0 03/ 097/ /,, 20,3 0 003-073097/ :,39:2 20,333 0/007 4/::3: 8907297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    36/83

    $# !& & #

    ! # ! $#C# #

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    37/83

    Q3 843:3/, 1 ::3 ;0 039009Q0 -,2/,3

    9,923 0/. -7 9047 -,,7 -7 ::,2,, -709720 ,,2,83,029

    # 09742,3092, ,8,,7 097 ;0 0307 0-0007 03/0 047/:

    &$&$ $ %0724/3,207 9072 24947,73

    ,52 ;0 2, 1,-7,,733 9,8,723 0947/:

    # #

    007 13 2, 0/2 -7,3,73/,3 0297:3,7/,3 -7 9,308 0097 /0,733 3.003208/7 C3.0 ,7

    ,2-,8 /,9 00703 -: 073 ,47 1,2,3 ,2-,, -7,9097 /0 ,7 ;,:2/, /, 0 Q0 20 /,3, 0 47/:

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    38/83

    $# #$

    3/, ,;,8 .0 -4,92 -7 /0,7 ,2-,833 30,91 :9-:,94//,3 ,3 5,7, -7 ,79 7/Q : ,79 ,94//,3 17,,3 -7 9,25,7,.,7/,3 20/,3, 02 - 7Q3Q47/: #$ -: ,94/3,73 2,//033 3 - 8,,3 03 -7 -2 4,7, ,/,3/7/ :,3.0 -7 7Q9Q Q3Q 03 1 -2 -0 Q80 , /, 3 -8,,3 5,7,.,73 3.003208 843:.: :7:/:

    #C% ' #

    $% $% ,94/ 3,73 0097434,7, ,/,3/7/

    !## :3,73 30,91 QQ4/:,73 8907/

    %$ ,73 9Q

    #C% 3,73 -:/:

    !##!##

    %$%$

    #'#C%#'#C%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    39/83

    %,332,2 -7 1 5741087Q 4,3 437,/ '43 #03903 ,94/3 /0,7 ,2-,8 0 ,47 8, ,2,3 8437, ,2-, /3/, -,007 4/::3: 1,7 0/47 4,/, /,, 3.0 7,89,32,/ 090 -,

    007 ,2-,/,3 /,7 47/: : 007 7,/4845 07,3,73,7,39, 5,7,2,,73, 30/03 4:47/: 4947,1 ,/3 8, ,/3,7,83/,3 ,7,79,-47,7/ : 14947,1,7 ,709 ;07./ Q/,3,733/0 5,7,,7 ;0 03 02073 89070-47/: #C% -:3,7, # ,/3 ;07/ 7 , Q3 3/0 -Q9Q3 /Q3, -: ,-070 03200-,,29 -0

    %#

    %$ 009743,73 ,759 2,//0073 3,7 4:9:72,8 ,33/, 3,7 ,75,3 2,//0073/0 009743 20/,3, 097/3 -:/: ,,7/, 43,7/, -0 4::47/: : -:: 03 -QQ 0097 /0,74,3 /72 /, 9Q2 0097 /0,7,733 00733,3,2,83, 30/03 4/: 058 -7-733 0 4,3009743,73 07 09 2,//0/03 ,79,-0.0 081009743,73 00973 9020 2,//08 4/::3, ,7090/47/: 2, -: 2,//0 ,7 ,7 5,7,.,7/,34::47/: ,3 ,9429 : 070 3Q3/0 9:9,3 %$ ,942:3 ,5833 0130 /03 4: /,-::47/:

    %$%$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    40/83

    "' #%'%

    " 3,733 013/03 , 8437, /0,7,2-,83/, 7Q03 5,7, 0 3,7338 4/:: ;,78,23/,3 4, ,7,,3 5,7, 890703 2307,07 ;0 9:,7- 2,//007 ,7,972,, -,,/ C00:7,3:2 9:,733 -: 0 4:542,/3 ,7,972,, -,,/ $43: 4:2:

    / : -2 9,73/0 070 -7 908,/Q19Q0.6:0703 3,7, 148147 -5,7/,2, ,7,83/, :72,83, #!#33 -7 2,8 30/03 42:9:70.6:070 :7,3:2 397,9 0730 34 8Q1Q7802 48,/ 7,/4,9;9033 01 -0 /0

    803007.0 0.0.09 &7,3:2/,3 ,3 -:3,7 2,//007/03 00-20 0308,5907 ;0 -7 .,, 070 42,/,370,91 42,,3 2,8, 2,//007/0320/,3, 00-47,7/

    "" !#!#

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    41/83

    # ' #&

    Q3 180 ;0 2,8,3,3,7 ,83/,3 -: 4 -QQ -7 4

    ,7,99 ,//0 03 QQ -7 / 090342,83 03/ 03/30 /00-47/:3073 47:3:2: 08 30 4:47/: :03 #,/4,91 -007/0 03073070/03 047/: #,/4,91 2,//0334 QQ -7 29,7 4 -QQ 29,7/,

    0307 ,7,947/: 3/0 ,942,7/, -: ,3

    /02033 87,7 479,, ,7/

    !## ;0 0# 473,

    :7,3:2/,3 4 /,, :;;09 4,3,3,,7 -:/:,7 Q7007 !443:2 ;0#,/:2 - 7,/4,91 0020390109907 #,/:2 0830 QQ/Q ,7,39, 03/3/03 5,747 ;0 ,33,,,,3 8007/0 ,2,3, /Q7Q.Q 4,3

    ,7,,7 20/,3, 09747/:

    ##

    !## !##

    #

    $$

    #

    $$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    42/83

    #&%##'$

    #%&$$

    #&%## #,/4,91 3,730073 3.002 ;0 -:3,7/,3 -7 4,3 ,1, 3,733 03 -7 04/::3: 890729 :3,7 4 Q80 ,7/, 17,9,3 2,//9,30.07/ #&%## 7,/:2 ,942:3:3 0:2 ,33,942:3: ,3,/3 ;0 03/833/0 -,, -7 ,942, /3Q9QQ3Q

    -:/:

    $ #:907147/ 0 -790 ,2,,-,,/ ,7 ,7,83/, &7,3:2 %47:2 ;0 93:2807073 -:/:,7 : 002039070 -,,,3 /07 ,1, -09, ;0,,22, -4:32,,7 ,5,7, ,7,7 0020390 /3QQ47,7/ :,7,7 843 002039 002039 05 :7:3 4:47/: #:907147/ ;0 $4//-: 7,/4,91 -4:32,33 ,2,3, 70 08543,380 4/::3: /,-:/:,7 ;0 7,/4,9;9033 -4:32, ,8,83 479,, ,7/,7#,/4,91 -4:32, 8Q7007 3.003703 2,//033 ,942,73342403 42,/,7 2,8, -,2/,3 -7-730 -03003 ,3.,180 -,2/,3 1,7 ,942,7/,3 4:9:: 479,, ,7/ ;0-:3,7, %! ,/ ;07/

    #&%###&%##

    $$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    43/83

    !'&%&%#$/00/03-074,/,74-303070,7/

    4:,2,3-703,7,-7,2,,707047/:09743:3017,/,843:904783/02,,7,7,9907/303,/,997003009743,7/,320/,3,0478,009743,77,/,843843:.:030797/038Q704,7,703/09720807047/:3.,4599,19,8,-9/,,-4:-:3:3-042,/3,,7090/47/:7-,,0/08904783/0479,,9,8009742,30990470708.,-7.8239Q203078338,/,,-4:3/,4:3,2,807047/::3:3/,7032,;42,/48,

    7Q30370372/! 33/,-,,7,2,,70/03080,,3/,QQ0703/,2,-:0/0479,,9047-747:47/:!,3.,942,73030707338Q7042,/35,7,5,7,20/,3,0/330729,,8070-:0307,9428,/,3.,-:,9428,03073303/83/0/037Q3Q2Q:,39,70093/0/:3,

    708,-9-7:,39:2;0,-7,700929,7;,7/!,3.8,-98,84:08,9428,8890207,7,83/,9Q20307/0229,73439740/47/: !!

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    44/83

    $% ' %

    #% $% : 9047/03 0 ::,2, ,,33,003 -2 ,/,2 42:9:7 38903 703 -7 /020933 -7 209,/03,7/ 009743,73 8907 :;;09 8907 ,1 48:3 30/03 ,3 ,

    8,5 4/::3: 8907/ :3,7 8,/0.0 3 8,5 4/:: 0307 :,39,73,,-47,7/ /,, 1,, /,, 1,, :,39 /0209 ,2, /,, -QQ:,39 ,3,23, 0247/: /47:/,3 /47:, 7030 ,3 3170,383, -,/ 38903, 70 209,0 ,75,3 5,7,.,7/,3 -,7099% ,/ ;0703 -: 5,7,.,7 170,38 1 4,3 3 ,942,7 / ;00307073 -7 -,, 5,7,., 97,38107 0/0-47,7/ : 9047 0 38903

    3 /,, ,7,9073 907830 0;72 ;0 0943:3 5,7,. 9047830 07/3/Q72Q9Q

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    45/83

    % @#

    :,39:2 9047833 ,942:3 ,583, 9,2 4,7, ::,3,-208 3 302 013 ,52,8 07047/: 3/, #:907147/:3 ,2,,7,/,,73/,3 # ;0 #$ ,1, 5,7,.,733 3.030830073 073/03 00-2007 ,33/, -,,733 ,755 07

    87,/,73 0/07 #:907147/ -:3: 5,7,.,73 4 :1, ;0 4 8079-7 308300 ,7547 42,,7 03/0 47:2,/ #:907147/ ,83/,,942,73 -7 07/007 -::3/::3: ,3,29 09743,7 30,91 QQ4/::3/,3 07/0 5491 QQ 42,/ 942 Q8Q 7Q3/QQ3/03, 9,30 009743 ;,78, 07/090 /0 009743 8,8 ;0 QQ30 09 5491Q -::32,/ 09743,73 / Q30 8890233 ,583,-03020/ !##3 -: 43:/, 3070733 ,39,32,8 3 3,733 /,, 00733 010/208 -0030.09

    $#$#

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    46/83

    ' & # #

    # ' #$%#

    ' & 3/, 3

    /,, -4:3, ,, 07-::3,3 3083007 9,7,13/,3 3,87478, 3,733 /,789,07 9,7,13/,3 -0307-2/0 7/3 479,, ,7/

    : 02/03 3,733/,,-4,733 3472, 9,3 4/,, 8, 4/:,7 -::3/:

    $# # ;0 4: $# #

    # 3,733 /,,-4,73 2033 ;0 ,3,2,3/, 789,073 ,5,7303/073 20/,3, 09703,942,73 /0730 708,59,2,33 2Q2Q3 4/::3:8907/07

    '&'&

    #

    #

    ##

    ##

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    47/83

    #:907147/:3:,57,030

    ;0030347:2:

    0 ,1,9,30.

    ,3,

    :,57,

    8,,35,7,. :4708,38/09084307,3

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    48/83

    $ Q3, $,;, 8783/,

    0-4:/, 2Q9Q7 3/, ,3.08907/0#&%##:3 ,-47,9:;,73/, ,,3 ;0 4 5,7,-7 1 4,3 $ 09 002039073 3,7/,,-4,7 0 -:3,73 ,942 3:2,7,8 , /, ,942/,009743 8,8 ,7,83/, 4 -,89 -7 -,3933

    -::3/::3: 479,, ,7/$ # #:907147/:3 ,-47,9:;,73/,945,32 -7 4 /0,/,3 -7/7

    # 3 ;0720 /030 87,83/, 8079 07/0

    /7403 85097:2:3:3 170,38,7 0 # 9,7,13/,3 010/03 -,89 ,3:3,7

    ,7 002039073 3,733 /,,-4,733 /Q03

    !,3.3 :,39:2 90478

    - 43:: -709720 -,,783 8907297

    $$

    $#$#

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    49/83

    # ,942:3 07 009743:3:3 03/30 ,9 7Q3083/0 ,70090993 ;0, 3,733 009743,73 8,/0.0 Q80 03077Q30/03 /,, ,, 0307 7Q300 0073/0 20/,3, 00-0.03

    8907297 #&%## # ,942 24/0 4 Q30 ,/,7,,3,2,,3 -7 4 43:3:3 ,,32,83, 4,3, ;07297

    #:907147/47 ,942 24/0 2,/, 1,7 ,942,73 0073,,2,/, 0 ,7,/ 0/03 -,,7 209,07 20/,3, 09747/: -,,7097247/: 0/03 -,,7 84 ,,7/ 07 8,,7/, 009743/Q03032007 00 8,-9 7Q3Q47/: : /3337/QQ3/03 1,, 009743 ;,78, -: 009743,7 7Q30/0 4 /,,

    0;0 9:9::47,7/ 0 ,942,7/,3 4:,3 2,907007/0 009743,73 4,., 997020 -,,2,83, 30/03 4:47 ;0 :;;09 -70/0 747/: : 209,073 ,7,90789 0 / : /3337/QQ 009743,7/,3 /,, , 8,/, 009743 ;,78, 1,7 ,942,7009743,7 5,,,7, -7047,7 843:9, ,,7 ;0, 47,3 240Q07- 209, 0 89072003 397 240Q07 20/,3, 047/:

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    50/83

    09, 0 890703 ;0 89072003 ,942,7 -7 ,7,, 097780209, ,942: 1,, 009743:3: 209, 42,,3 ,942, ;07070 5491 QQ43 /:7:2:3, 047 009743 ,,3 ,942 /, 30,91 QQ 43 ,30

    047 ;0 -: 8 009780 02 :;;09 30/030 -70070 9: 20/,3,09747/: /7403/03 :7,3:2, ,/,7 ,/09 /4, 002039 ;,7/ Q3Q 07/0073/0 ;0 -0.0 0 ,/,7 5491 Q -::3,3002039 ;,7/ ;0 058 -7 ,942 8,8 0 890747/:

    ' & ;0 #073 010733 /,, /0 843:,7 4/:#07 03 -7 ,58, 789,47,1 :7/:,7 $,3 2,8,,942,73 54843,733 7Q2083 2Q2Q3 ,3 03 -7 274845

    010/29 : 03 3902 2,//0073 9:/, 4/:: - 8,/0.0 , ;0 ,942,733 -702080 4:2,/3 8 8, -7 ,7,/, 9:9:,3 ,9427:5,733 ::3 208,1007/0 -,, /07 7:5,7, -,,3,7, 4:9:7/::3,19,3 - 2,//0073 /0 -::3/::3: 479,, ,7/ :3,7 Q3240Q07 /

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    51/83

    #0,9;90 -Q9Q3 545Q0730 7,203 ,, ,3,2,8 Q -79047/7 %04733 -280 ,/,3 302 -7-730 ,3/,3 -, 0/,,37 :3,7 Q90 ;0 030733 09 0 33 0 837,3/7.

    ,7,907/7 2. /0302 0 1,/0 0/03 -73. Q90/0 8,4,3 0307 9,32,7 : 030733 0;703/0 9Q2 030733 ,3, 4/::/,, 8437, ,3,,.,97 38903 3. 0 8Q70 ,79,3 ;200 7,203 -7 5,7,.3 3 ;,:2/, 3/,3 /,, ,70090/0200.03 ,,297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    52/83

    4/073 1 9,7 &33 2043:

    01 /3/, -Q9Q3 020073 /03007/03 0/00/03 01070 070093 -: 01073 90470 9,8,;;:7 0/02003 843:,7 ;07/073,3., -: 843:,7 ,,2, 3 /,, 8437,9047070 -,;:7:/::3: 89077

    7 1 90478 -7 / 820 -7-707003/703 /030207 4: 0 088 4,7,,3,9,-7 0 ;,7 ,,2,33 /0071472Q070 ,3,9,3 /03080 4:,73 8,83,-,/7 Q3 03002007 -: Q/03

    302/7 #0,9;90 ;0 :,39:2 90470733,58,/,7 /030 ,,3,7 Q3 ,880390073330 3,,7,3 4 /,, 0397

    &&

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    53/83

    #&%## ,,233 843 ,73/, ,33/, ,,3 /007

    03070 -790 ,942 07/00733 ,5,73 ,7,972,, /0;,2 099 3/, ,49 07/033 ,1, 9,30.07 0 -42-,7/2,3 0/070-,, -7 07/00 /3Q0-0.0 - ,,28, -7 0190 -::3/:42-,7/2,3/, :,3,., ::3 9,30. -:2, 4:: 0 38,34:,79 07/090 20/,3, 003 4,,7 ,7,97,-0.09 :3: ,52,33 4: ;,7/ 73.8 -42-,7/2,3 5,7,.,73 /4, 4,7,

    ,3,,3 07/007 -:2, .8 80 ,/ ,942,7 ,5 009788902073/0 -:3,7 ,3/72, ;0 0/01 07/0 Q0730 3/07209

    0

    F

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    54/83

    C3.00 -03280303 39025,7,.,73 ,3/72,8 3902 4/:,3/72, 889020733 ,52,8 1;0 03/Q897 ,7,83/, 03 073:7:2,83, 30/03 4/:

    #% ;0 %03 0097 03/Q897833 ,7/2 0 -7Q80 072 9Q5Q ,59,7 : 9Q590 ;0, 243 ;49, ,3/7,3 /7403,942,7 -, ,11 ,942,73

    07/0073 5,7,,,-47/:

    #%#%

    %%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    55/83

    097 03/Q89783/0 070003 02007 0 ,-0702003/Q89783/0 07020 ;,:2 90333 479,, 2,83, ;0020830 30/03 42:9:7 80 .,,73 2Q03/8 ,53/, ,52,80709 070 07/03 8437, 180 ,7,972,,73 00972Q03/8 0 /,, 4 ,3,2,83, 30/03 42:9:7 #% ;0%:3 ,3/7.,73/,3 -7 8Q7Q 03 ,3/7. 9Q7029

    $%#

    %%#

    $#%#

    # #

    $#$%#

    -:3,7 ,7,83/,/7 3., -: 8890207 4:9:7,-20 3 070 5,7, 4-QQ 4/::3/, QQ Q007 -: 95 ,7,972,,7 ,5,2,2,9,/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    56/83

    03970:745003/0#0.07.0:.0,70030;,$:880#

    :7450,3$3.749743#,/,943,.97034-07,3.0$#:7450,3$3.749743#,/,943,.97034-07,3.0$#

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    57/83

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    58/83

    ,7 180 0107 ,83/,303 -7 5,9,2,, 9,3 42:9:7#,/4,9;90 0 ,2,,7 843 /, 302 -7 07020 8,,,2,29,2, -: 43: 0 ,2,,7 3Q007574808073 43974: 0 ,,3,7/,

    302 /03080 843:,73 0/00/20830 30/03 42:9:7

    302 01 -07:2:3 ,1,9,30.07 0 -42-,7/2,3 87,83/,4:,3 C%# /: 83/, 20/,3,

    097/3/0 1,73, ;,72,2,,339743 3 /0 /03007843:.: QQ 42,,3 574943 4,7,,-: 0/2 /,, 8437, 07/039020 ,5 9,,73/,3 -7 4/::,3,2 ;0 39743 ,/ ;07297

    $$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    59/83

    #$ 8, -7 ,2,3 8437, !%%#& 01099 : 5,7,.,73-7-7070 4,3 073/0 5491 ;0 30,91Q07 ,7,83/, 42,8 07003 820978,,/ 9743 ;0 574943 ,7,83/, 33-,89 42,/ 07/03 574943 ;039743,7/,3 4:9:: ,3,/ :3,7

    &33 3/, 479,, ,99 ;0;,78,28, -7 ,7, 5,7,. 4,7,

    9,32,3,3 ,7, ,9 :;;0907 -7 ,7,/,9:9:47/: : 9047 9,30. 3/,#$ ' ## 9,7,13/,3/03080 4,7, /, 03297

    9743 Q8Q 4:: 30/030 3Q007

    /3QQ2 20/,3, 09720/0 03 093 9,30.4/: ,7 ,7,83/, 39743,7,1,7 07/0073 -42-,7/2,3 0/070 0307/007 4:9:7:2,8 /03020078Q7/Q7Q/Q 3., 3. Q3, $,;,33,7,7 ;0 -,,2,8 -280 ,2,,73302 47,3/, ,8,2,83, 30/03 4,.,97

    &&

    #$#$

    ####

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    60/83

    302 01 % 3:3 0203 0203

    -Q9Q3 ,942,73 39743,7, -42-,7/2,30//903 8437, 7,/4,91 ,0 047 42,8/:3, 70 /4, 7,/4,9;90 8,-9 ,0 :,2,,,2,3 -:,2,,3 ,942,73 1,,,0907/7#,/:2 /,, 3.0 07QQ3/0 ,,,73,,73 20 3 :,32 ;0 07QQ,-::3:3 ,, 2,7 ,3/, 4/::-::32:9: 3., -: 08,5,2,/, /07002039073 ,. ,7,907/0 4/:: ;,78,292/ -:3/,3 /, :: /:::47 ,9428,/3QQ2070 -07/03 002039073 3,8

    ;,74/::3:3 ,3,2,83, ,47/:

    % %

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    61/83

    ;0 % /7403 ,942:3:3 ,3,,7, 0:2 ,942: 20/,3,097/073 ;0 Q303 0307,3,33 -: 20,32, 4/::3:,,/,7 ,11 00203907/03-,,,7, /3QQ2 /07 ;0 8,-9

    ,073 479,, 9 03 -73Q007 2, 479,, 47/:# # 3/, ,942 .09;033 90 :.:3,0070 ,7 00203907 39743-42-,7/2,33, 9:99: 4,/,20;.:9 00203907/03 /,, ,7 -7/ 002039 Q70993 //, 099 ://,8 /47:/: ,,9 4 /,,3028 -,, 302 0200704 ,,., -280 01 4:3:

    ,29

    %%

    ####

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    62/83

    3, ,/,7 07009703 7,/4,91/0207/0 , 07/0903 QQ 5,7,.,7 ,747/:;0, 07/00 QQ 5,7,.,7 00347/: @,79,3 03-QQ 5,7, 574943: 39743: 4,3 ,1, 9,30. /

    /0 ;0 $%#$$ &7,3:2:3 39743,7,

    -42-,7/2,3 0/208 843:.: 4:,3 Q7Q3073 ,942Q900733 4 /,, 1,7 ,7,907/0 4/::3: 3070/080:7,3:2 ,942:3:3 ,78 ,/,7 4/::3: -:/:,7 0.0,942:3 -Q30-/ 479,, 9 &7,3:2 ,942:3:3-Q3208 0 ;0, ,/09 39743 ,, 47/:%3:3 /0 ,2,,7 0 4 3 -7 180

    4, 479,, ,7/ 07 -7 4,/, 39743 :,3,7,4, 843:3/, /03 1,, 39743 0/0 0/478, 70,843:3,3,7, /0;02 09208 ;0 3.7020 -Q320 4,,73320/,3, 0208 07047/: , 43974 ,93, ,32,8,-7 5,9,2, 43974 ,93, ,3,-780 43974: -7 0307

    ,3, 4,-7/

    %%%%

    $%#$$$%#$$

    %%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    63/83

    942-42-,8333,8

    097//0303/;0:,3/8,/0.0-29,733/0/Q3,9,733/0-75,7,8/7:43:/,48907.1807Q07302039,2,233Q3;07890,-47,9:;,7,73/,/03007/039Q709/308,5,734:3:3;7:5,/,,5/3802009074:70332,2Q03/8

    ,3,,733-::32,8-,,3908,;,/3/,,242,8-2,/,2,7334:3:3,:2Q3/03,,7,0070242,830/030-42-,

    /0,52;0/0303297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    64/83

    3,7 Q073/0 ,5,3 ,7,972,,7 4 /,, QQ 0307

    ,3,,733 ;,73 479, ,7297 , /03007 878,83/, 42 3,737. 007 1,70/2 -:3:3 Q0730 42 3,73 / 0;703/0 ,3,,7;0 /07 007 ,7,972,, -,,3297 : 42 9,30.07 ,942 07/030/,2, ;0 43: -20 00733 ,33/, 07/03 -7 8Q7Q 5,7,, ,755,9,2,83, /, 30/03 4:47,7/

    : ,7,972,,7/,3 9020 5,7,.,73 009743 574943 ;0 39743/,3-,709 42,/ ,3,297 :3,7 8,-9 , /, ::3 2Q7Q 5,7,.,7/7 3.,,7,/, 8,-9 42,,3 4 8,/, -,, 5,7,.,7 # /, ;,7/7 ,73 -,,73/, -: 9020 9,30.073 ,7,972,8 3 4:3 ,2,,7 -,,9/: Q3 ,, 8Q70 03 9,30. 30707 ,52,9, ;0 8,,7 /070 ,792,9,/7

    : 5,7,.,73 3.003208 8,1 13 03 3 ,,3,73/,3 -7/7 ;0108010 0 2,902,93 837,73 47,2,9,/7 !,7,. 30 ,/,7 QQ 27Q 30,/,7 8, 80 -:3: 3.0020 3 070 ,0907 /0 4 /03 5,, 42,9,/7/070 -: ,7,972, 207007 ::8,7,7,8 ,7,907 ,,32,9, ;0 -7 4/0;09 9,7,13/,3 13,380 0/2090/7 207, 70 0;09073/0#' #:8,/, & ;0 030;70/0 # - 207007 -:43:/, ,/,7 30 2 207007/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    65/83

    #'&&$#'&&$#$'@##$'@#

    &D##%###&$&D##%###&$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    66/83

    !,7,.,7303QQ;003,.,54,3QQ;0Q908-::32,,339734,7/7:3,7009743,732Q2043,73;0,395,7,.,7337,/4,91-4:32,,704,7,9Q7Q/Q7075,7,.,7009020074,197:Q/034:72,/,307QQ3/0300-707',7,703/,!&9,7,13/,3880/0339734,7:8,3/7.;05,,/03007843:.:908590/0-207/7:/03007/0-7,2,75,7,.9,3,3.,-79,308,,,3,-2090/7

    !&!&

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    67/83

    Q007 1 43:8:3: Q3Q2Q837,73, ,/,7 0200 -07,-07 3Q007 113 -Q9Q3Q ;0 03 ,7,7 -Q2Q /0/73 /07 ,,3,73/, /, -QQ ,,2,,78,,32,2 48, / 3Q007 190 020

    2Q2Q3 4,2,/ 90 03 30202007 7,/4 /,,,7 ;0 009743 ,,33/,42:9:7 :7,/, 13 02 8,3,330230 5,7,0 -7 4 0297

    3/, 90478 9,7,13/,3

    ,5,3 009742,309 /,,,7 /03080 4,7,#% 9,7,13/,3 ,7,92 42,, -790-:3,73 57,9 4,7, 83, ;0720/0:,32,,7 Q3 843:3: -:2:9:7 :43:/, -,,7 /03007 ,5,3 ,2,.,7,7,83/,

    #%#%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    68/83

    39070/0 '#

    #:8,/, !!'

    3/89,3/, $

    8,,-7 3., -: 43:/, 9.,7 -,,7 -2 ,/,2;0, ,/,2,73/,3 /0 -7 ,2,97/03 0297 #,/4/,,,733 4 :,, /0-0.00730 -2 ,/,2,792, ;07247,7/ ,,9 -7 1 42,,3

    # 9,393 90 ,33, 90883,07 3/07200 ,9 ;0 -,,7 4/: : 7,/4/,,,733 907,7 07QQ30 /320830 30/03 4,3 -79Q7 ,3,33 ;,7 ,3,23, 047/: 07/0 -:,2,,7 003 !!% Q30

    7,/,843:3:3 20/,3, 097/ 43,7/,3 4:,3 -:9,-,,,73 -7 /0 -7 , 07/0 4/::3: 8907/ ;0-:3,7, $# ,/ ;07/ !!% :,7,4 8, 83,07 3/075 -:3,73 ,382,8 3 0038Q70 070 -:3,73 Q80073 9Q : ##.,33 08,8/

    $$

    !!%!!%

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    69/83

    #33 4,,3Q89Q ;0 -00320/

    -,,78 9083 00 /03/0 02070,-07020 ,2,.3, 30 4,7, ,0972083 49:3: / 3., 9083 Q3Q,,2, 70-208 009743 ,2-,33 0972080 2Q2Q3 4/: 09743 ,2-,33 097208 0

    /03007 $:3 ,-47,9:;,73/,3 0297$ -7 ,47 ,2-,33 1,2,333 5491 QQ9:9,-/3 ,3., 30,91 QQ 9:9,2,/3 0/$ -: ,2-,33 30 3. -7 00974/ /,,4/: ;0 1,2,3/,3 0;,, ,2 070-/31,,9 0;,/,3 1,2,3, 07020/3 -:/: :

    009743 ,2-, 730 / /0 -: ,2-, 30,7, -23/0 -7 QQ3.Q 00974/ /,, 07097/;0 /,,,73 ,251,843:3, ;0 Q7092083/0/0;72 ,7,9,3 9749 ,2-, .,/ 0// : 009743,2-, 7,/4 ,333 ,52,83 4,3, /

    %$'$

    %$'$

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    70/83

    !$ ' #$

    %749 ,2-,33 -::32,8 ;0 -:3/,3 /,, 1,7 -,, ,2-,,73909749 50394/ - 9Q709208 0 ,251,843:3 83, Q809208

    :,32 ,,3,73 , ,7997297 09743 ,2-, /070 -7 Q ,0942,9,3 ,7, -7 - 020 ,09 ,30 0297 : -::,73 503/03003 3. 302 020 -7 009743 ,2-,33 33 730-,,32,8 0 ,2-,/,3 43974 0/0-7 99702073 0/0 0/0-20842:9:7 :3, 07 -08020 100/-,. ,/ ;07297

    09743 ,2-, ,52 ,47 1,2,3 0097 ,25:Q3Q3 ,52903448 0 09 ,, 4 009743 ,2-,, 070832 /::2,8;,:2 90333 /0 020830 30/03 4/:

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    71/83

    # ' ##

    #,/4 ,-070200733 8, ,3,972,8 -, 02007,32, / C00 ,3 ,5,3 7,/4,73 8Q70 ,792,8 -:3,,7 /,, -4,733 9Q03208 /,, 8, /,, -4,73/, ,3,52,8 4:,733 ,7,972,83, 30/03 4/: 7., ,3,73303/70-208 5,7,9073 3030-208 3 /,, 8, /,, -4,73/,,3 47:3:/: 303/72 /,,,73 ,382,8 ,703 -:7,/,3##, 0 4 4, 4/: ## 8,;,3 097/ 47:3::,7

    30/030 /0 3. Q3, $,;,33 3/, 010//

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    72/83

    $,;,3 843:3/, 8, /,, ;0 :97,8, /,, 908073,52 -QQ -4:9,7, :,9 :3:3 ,33/, -: 8, /,,,73 479,208,10 0207 ;0 ,-070208 3 03 -7 39020 2,3;07/ 1,70// 303 459 3902070 4 :,,7/,3 003 -783,3 8,/0.0 3Q ;0 .38 8,59,3,-703 7,/,7,7, -: ,3,3447/3,9,73 /, -:2, 2Q2Q3/Q : 30/030 -: 03 3902

    ,8974342 ,2,,7 3 /0 :,3,-7/ ,,8 Q30 ;0/,73 03/07 /0 -: 9Q7 3,7 ,347,7/ : -#$%#33 -,,3. 4/:

    C3.0 ,3,/,7 :;;09 7,/4 83, 0 010/03 -

    :, .820733 ;,7 /,, 8437,,7 459 900845,7, /,,39,3297 :3,7 070903 ,3,2,8 47 3083007/7QQQ07 -7 / ,/,7/7 ,3., Q9007 -Q9Q3 -7 ,,80,/, 0997 ;0 4 ,7009 092090/707 /03 33 ,/,7 -7 , :,,2,9,/7,7 : 30/030 9,8,;;:70/0200.0 ,/,7 -/03 :,9,/7,7 / -0307 7,/4

    ,3,,7 ,,8073 0307 ,3/, -0 4 /,7: ;0 0

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    73/83

    ## ' % #$

    &97, 8, /,, 7,/43:3 0208 -00320/ -,

    ::,2,,7 4,8 / 09742,309 /,,,7 -7 4 -,2/,3009743,7, -0307 8907707 : -0307 ;0 -,,39/,33Q007 13 9020 .,,7 4,3 ,3/7.,73 ;0 803749743:30972083/0 ,7,7,3297 09743,7 7,/4 /,,,7 -,3,3,-707 , 240Q070 ;0, ,942,73 07/00730 -,4,7, 2,309 -7 ,,3/, /3/Q7Q0-707 0.0 009743

    13 083 -,23/,3 8509748450 -03003 03 903097743 $53 #043,38 $# ;0 Q007 ,309 #043,38 #010/297

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    74/83

    %42843:3 /030073/03 9-,703 0097433,7 09 ,94/ 3,2-,,73/, , /003,2,7 ,7009 7Q39Q070/3Q9Q7070 ,3, 0920

    ,2,., :,3/ %00;43:3 0 730073 4:9:7,3 -:8890207 1:4708,38 07,3,7301 ;0 ,94/ 3 9Q50733,5233 020800974390 07020070 -,

    4,7, , 09 ;0Q3Q2Q/0 903440 :,983/, Q3Q2Q/0 /0 ,/020 ;0 02007 /0;,2092090/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    75/83

    &:3009742,309/,,,7343974:03,803900845,73,52,82Q2Q34/:8,009743,73/,;7,3,733

    ,3,2,8/,03274845,73,52,83,4,3,8,,297#/0479,,,999047/007009743,,907847,39-7/,,-4:3:300993078Q7/Q/0'$$;0##908,/Q1-70/0009743/,,,733789,079,7,13/,3732,:7,9/,73-:/:,7

    %'$$84/,

    $%###8,/,

    %'$$84/,

    $%###8,/,

    003

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    76/83

    :3,733789,07/0:7,/,77323,3/,3.,009743/,,,79,7,13/,320/,3,09747/:0#90478

    /030804,7,,39,329:013843:.:00974327484-:3:3,7,92,842:9:7

    003;49,

    009743,3,

    30789,

    /0/097

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    77/83

    ,9, 133 479,, 07/0 42,, -07,-07, 0200 -,,2,8 /0 97,38897Q3 010/208 042:9:7 ,9, ,5833 02 789,07 02 /0 -:3,73 .,203/0 ,073/0 ,3,2,83, 0303 180 4,,73,,32,8 /47:9:8:3/, ,5,3 ,7,972,,7 30/03 42:9:7

    070 789,073 /0, 789,070 :2,/ 0 ;0/,;7,3 ,83/,3 ,7,,73/, 302 1,7,7 4/:: ,3,297C7303 ,, 9::3:3 Q03/0 :8:7,73/07208 ,3/0 ,, 9::3:3 4 /,, /,,3 ;0 0830 ,00/3 8907/

    : Q3 ,9, 1 009743 /,;7,3,73, /,, 4,7, 9Q2,9 2,//0073 /,;7,3,73 ,,,-0.0 - -7230:,297 1,,9 479,, ,79,3 03 4,,73 ,,3,-208 3,2,,7 /0;,2 092090/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    78/83

    !%# ' %$%#$

    789,073 20,3 007 0 0097 ;0 2,309 007,7,83/, ,3 4/:: 8,59,3297 QQ -,83 /0073/0789,3 /07 :.: ,7,83/, 0097 549,38033 4:2,83, 30/03 4,3

    ! %# 4, ;0 2,309 ,,33 ::,32,8 0 2,9070-4:3/, /0200 30/03 4,3 %$%#$ 4, 302020070 30/03 4,3 -::,7/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    79/83

    '

    '

    '

    ::,3,3:;;09

    !%#789,0789,0803-4:3.,020;0,8972,-23/0:;;09::,378,789,:,73/,;49,4::7

    2,309,,34

    2,309,,3;,7

    %$%#$789,02,309,,3::,3/3/,789,3-4:9,7:,7,309,,3,/7/3/,907,708,30/307

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    80/83

    Q3 -,3/, #$ 9,7,13/,3 010/03 -7 4: -, 209, ;0, ,,2,73 2:9, 8178.,3, ,3 8.,,7/, 009780 /703073 9,2,203,-099073 8907297 : 4,, 8Q5070903 ,/ ;07297 %0478 3/, # 9,7,13/,3 ,,3,3 8Q5070903 4, 843,7/, 03 -, 2,907007/0 8; ,49 8., ;0 /,, :,7

    8.,,7/, 8Q5070903 03208 843:.: 4 .,5 ,2, ,,3 ,300297 Q80 8., 8Q5070903 ,/ ;0703 4,, ,2,,7, /0;,2 092090/7 :2: 843:,73 903440 ,382,8 843:.: 4302 020073 42,8 -0032090/7 %07243Q007 9052007343974: 3 070 4,3 5,82, 4:9:7,., Q80 2,309 ,,33

    ,7,92,8 ;0 0307 ,58 0307 3, 0203 8030-0.0 73007/7

    #$#$ ##

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    81/83

    ,7090307301;0-:3,73

    :,32,,3,733,3,972,8,9,133;0,70903/Q03003/Q89783384303/047:3-7,020830

    30/0342:9:7:Q34,,//,0/0-7/Q3,/,9Q2,,2,7090303/Q89783/0,52;0,5,.,-::,7,03/080329709743,2-,/,397,38897Q/0;70070

    030Q/0/0;72,7,928,-:Q3/Q030-4:9:3:3,9428,820790-08303/7242,84/03/0;72803909,2,9,/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    82/83

    $#0803/,9,7,13/,3010/29774/,,,7,0,2,,7,570307009703$#07/038437,,300734594,7,,55,5,2,,.,33,7,972,8$#4,33

    013030/0342:9:7,807,73302407039,2,,743.0/0209,3/04/,,3,-742,,7;04:,,7,,/,7/,2,/,3/0-2007/7$#-QQ34,88,8,20,9,73,52,83/,3/8,;,,790344830,/,78,,2,,.,,/,74/0,,3/,:,32,9,/7

  • 8/3/2019 Bilim Tarihi Yans

    83/83

    :8:3:/,07,,3-,-2,/,2,73314947,1,73390233/0

    /03,7,7,3297