BME B2 középfokú angol írásbeli feladatok

Középfokú írásbeli feladatokANGOL

•

.., ,KOZEPFOKU, ,

lRASBELIFELADATOK

ANGOL

Budapest, 2010

-------------------,....

Készítették:BME Idegennyelvi KözpontAngol Nyelvi Csoport

Szakmai lektor:Hegyközi Zsuzsa

Anyanyelvi lektor:Palmer, Nicholas A.

Szerkesztő:Zákány András

Felelős kiadó:Deák Ágnes

ISBN szám: 978963 8842732

Kiadja: PI Innovációs Kft. 1106 Budapest, Gépmadár u. 5.

© BME Nyelvvizsgaközpont Budapest, 2010

Our motto: We want to know what you do knowand not what you don't.

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Tartalomjegyzék

Bevezető 8Writing Parts 1-2 11

Writing Parts 1-2 Set 1 13Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 1 16Writing Parts 1-2 Set 2 17Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 2 20Writing Parts 1-2 Set 3 21Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 3 24Writing Parts 1-2 Set 4 25Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 4 28Writing Parts 1-2 Set 5 29Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 5 32

Writing Part 3 33Writing Part 3 Set O 35Writing Part 3 Sets 1-5 36Writing Part 3 Candidate Answer Sheet. 38

Reading Part 1 41Reading Part 1 Set 1 43Reading Part 1 Set 2 44Reading Part 1 Set 3 45Reading Part 1 Set 4 46Reading Part 1 Set 5 47

Reading Part 2 49Reading Part 2 Set 1 52Reading Part 2 Set 2 54Reading Part 2 Set 3 56Reading Part 2 Set 4 58Reading Part 2 Set 5 60

Translation 63Translation Set 1 66Translation Set 2 67Translation Set 3 68Translation Set 4 69Translation Set 5 70Translation Candidate Answer Sheet 71

6

Keys 73Writing Parts 1-2 Set 1 74Writing Parts 1-2 Set 2 75Writing Parts 1-2 Set 3 76Writing Parts 1-2 Set 4 77Writing Parts 1-2 Set 5 78Writing Part 3 Set O 79Reading Part 1 Sets 1-5 81Reading Part 2 Sets 1-2 82Reading Part 2 Sets 3-4 83Reading Part 2 Set 5 84Translation Set 1 85Translation Set 2 86Translation Set 3 87Translation Set 4 88Translation Set 5 89

My Results 90

7

Tisztelt Vizsgázó!

Ön a Budapesti Műszaki és Gazdaságtudományi Egyetem Nyelvvizsgaközpontjának

középfokú gyakorlókönyvét tartja a kezében. Nyilván az a szándéka, hogy a közeljövőben

vizsgát tegyen nálunk és kiváncsi, mire számíthat a vizsgán. Ehhez nyújt segítséget a

gyakorlókönyv.

Ha további információra van szüksége, látogassa meg honlapunkat:

www.bmenyelvizsga.bme.hu

8

http://www.bmenyelvizsga.bme.hu

A KÖZÉPFOKÚ (82) VIZSGA FELÉpíTÉSE

Teljesítési AFeladatok Max. vizsgaFeladat típusa száma Idő pontszám minimum sikeres40% 60%-tól

személyes 6-7 kérdéss beszélgetés kb.z Beszédkészség önálló témakifejtés 5-6 gondolati 15 60 pont 24 pontÓ kép/ek alapján egység percb szituációs feladat 72 pontel Hallott szöveg

j egyzetkészítés 10 címszókb. 30 pont

i értése igaz- hamis - 10 állítás 20perc 30 pont24 pont

választásos feladatlyukas szöveg

kiegészítése adott 20 kiegészítés45 10 pont -

Nyelvismeret egységgelfeleletválasztós

percí tesztfeladatok 30 kiegészítés 15 pont -r irányított fogalmazásá Íráskészség 4 szempont 35 pont 14 pont(levél) *s

szövegek / 72 pontb 5e Olvasott

szövegrészek hozzárendelés 10 pont

l szöveg értéseösszekapcsolása* 160 12 pont

i kérdésekre 10 információs perc20 pontválaszadás * egység

fordítás idegenKözvetítés nyelvről magyar 30 pont 12 pont

nyelvre*

* nyomtatott szótár használata megengedett, a szótárt a vizsgázó hozza magával

A nyelvvizsga akkor sikeres, ha a vizsgázó az elérhető összpontszám legalább 60%-át teljesíti

úgy, hogy emellett - mint minden Magyarországon letehető akkreditált nyelvvizsga esetében -

valamennyi készségnél (szóbelinél beszédkészség és hallás utáni értés, írásbelinél íráskészség,

olvasott szöveg érté se és közvetítés) a maximális pontszám legalább 40%-át is eléri. A

vizsgára akkor érdemes jelentkeznie, ha a feladatok otthoni vagy iskolai megoldása során

körülbelül 80%-ot sikerül elérni, azaz jól felkészült. Ugyanis a vizsgadrukk, az ismeretlen

helyszín, az ismeretlen arcok és egyéb figyelemelvonó körülmények miatt a vizsgán esetleg

ennél egy kicsit gyengébben teljesíthet.

9

Hogyan használhatja a gyakorlókönyvet?

A gyakorlókönyvet igyekeztünk úgy összeállítani, hogy azt akár önállóan is - vagy kevés

tanári segítséggel- könnyen és eredményesen tudja használni.

Mielőtt önállóan kezd dolgozni kiadványunkkal, ismerje meg annak felépítését.

A könyvben - az írásbeli vizsga feladatainak sorrendjét követve - az egyes részfeladatokból

mutatunk be 5-5 mintát.

Annak érdekében, hogy minél eredményesebben használhassa a könyvet, az egyes

feladattípusok előtt néhány hasznos tanácsot adunk.

A vizsgán az egyes feladatok megoldásait (színes) válaszlapokra (Candidate Answer Sheet)

kell átmásolni, csak az ezeken a lapokon szereplő válaszokat értékelik a javítók. Azért, hogy

az átmásolásról a vizsgán se feledkezzen el, válaszait már a gyakorlás során is ilyen

válaszlapokra írhatja, melyeket a feladatok után talál. Figyeljen arra, hogy a vizsgán adott idő

alatt kell a feladatokat megoldania, ezért érdemes a megoldásra szánt időt mérnie.

Törekedjen arra, hogya gyakorlás során az adott/javasolt időn belül oldja meg a feladatot

úgy, hogy még maradjon ideje az ellenőrzésre is.

A könyv végén található kulcsok (Keys) segítségével ellenőrizheti válaszait. Természetesen

csak akkor lapozzon ide, ha már az adott feladatot befejezte. A 88. oldalon található

táblázatba (My Results) beírhatja az egyes feladatoknál elért eredményeit és a rájuk fordított

időt.

ló munkát és sikeres felkészülést kívánunk! Viszontlátásra a vizsgán!

10

Writing Parts 1-2

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Gyakorlati tanácsok

A vizsgán a nyelvtani és szókincsismeretet mérő két feladat megoldására összesen 45 perc állrendelkezésre. Ne feledje, hogy ezen idő alatt a megoldásokat át kell másolnia a válaszlaprais. Ebben a részben szótár nem használható.

Az első feladatban egy összefüggő szöveget talál, amelyből hiányzik 20 elem. Egy menübőlkell kiválasztani az adott helyre illő szót vagy kifejezést. A menü 25 elemet tartalmaz ábécésorrendben. Mindig adunk példát, ennek jele "O".

Hogyan dolgozzon a lyukas szöveggel?

• Olvassa el a szöveget, hogy megismerje annak tartalmát.• Nézze végig a menüben megadott szavakat és kifejezéseket.• Először próbálja meg a menü segítsége nélkül a szöveg et kiegészíteni. Mindig

ellenőrizze, szerepel-e a menüben az a szó, amire gondolt. Ha igen, ceruzával írjabe a lyukba, a menüben pedig írja a szó mellé, melyik helyre tette.

• Ha nem tud egy-egy hiányzó elemet önállóan kiegészíteni, menjen tovább, s ha aszöveg végére ért, térjen vissza a problematikus részekhez.

• Sokat segít, ha átgondolja, milyen szófajú lehet a hiányzó elem. Ne feledje, hogyabeillesztett szónak nem csak tartalmilag, hanem nyelvtanilag is helyesnek kelllenni.

• Ha kész, még egyszer olvassa át a teljes szöveget.• Végül megoldásait (a szavakat) írja át a válasz lapra.

Erre a feladatra másolással együtt körülbelül 20 percet szánjon.

A második feladatban rövidebb lyukas szövegekkel kell dolgozni. Ezúttal a hiányzóelemeket három adott lehetőségből (A/B/C) kell kiválasztani.

Hogyan dolgozzon a feleletválasztós teszttel?

• A megoldásnál a fenti eljárást érdemes követni, viszont elég a jó választbekarikázni, majd a válasz lapon a megfelelő betűnél jelölni.

Erre a feladatra is körülbelül 20 percet szánjon, aztán másolja át megoldásait.

Értékelés:

Mindkét feladatban valamennyi helyes megoldásért 0,5 pont jár.

Maximálisan elérhető pontszám 25.

12

Writing Parts 1-2 Set 1

Complete the text below by writing a suitable word from the list in each space provided.There are 20 gaps but 25 words are given. Use each word once only. There is oneexample (O) for you.

Write the correct word in the chart on your separate answer sheet.

THE FLORA DANCE

The people of Cornwall (the most south-westerly county in England) .... are .... (O)from Celtic stock. They are descendants of the ancient Britons, (1) were forced bythe Saxons into the most inaccessible parts of the island, Wales and Cornwall.

The Cornishman had his own language, a form of Celtic, (2) the middle ofthe eighteenth century (3) language is now dead except in numerous place-names,................. (4) as Mevagissey, Polperro. The nationalism of the Cornishman, (5), isby no means dead. A man from west of the Devon border (6) first a Cornishmanand - only by afterthought - an Englishman.

Cornishmen are highly aware (7) their being different from the English.They have a history, traditions, and customs very much (8) own. Certainly one ofthe (9) famous folk traditions of Cornwall is the Flora Dance. This folk dance has................. (10) home in the village of Helstone. On a certain day (11) theinhabitants of the village, except (12) who are too old or too young (13)dance the three or four steps, gather in the market-place (14) the village bandstrikes up the traditio nal tune of the Flora Dance, the villagers form groups (lS)the band and go their way dancing (16) all the houses in the village, in at the frontdoor and out at the back. (17) most other Comish customs, the Flora dance................. (18) been commercialised late ly for the tourists (19) town or village inCornwall now has its Flora Dance not once a year, but two and (20) three times.

across likealI mostalthouah ofMe suchas thatbehind theireven theneverv thishad thosehas throughhowever tois untilits who

13

Read the texts below and decide which answer A, B or C best fits each space. Mark thecorrect answer on the answer sheet. Only one answer is correct.

MAISIE McDONALD

An ambulance and the police were called to the home ofMaisie McDonald yesterday in

the centre of Glasgow. A doctor (21) the house discovered the strange st collection

of animals sharing the house with Maisie. While the ambulance (22) to the local

hospital with 83-year-old Maisie, the police were trying to solve the problem of who

................. (23) after her pets during her stay in hospitaL

The Head Keeper at Edinburgh Zoo had this to say. "1 have never seen (24)

different kinds of animals in anybody's home. Maisie has done a wonderful job and

................. (25) of the animals have been neglected in any way. "

Inspector Bill Miles (26) our reporter: "We are making (27) effort

to keep Maisie's pets alive until she (28) from hospitaL I think we (29)

consider the possibility of placing many of them with families. The others (30) to

the zoo."

So what exactly did they find in Maisie's house? The bathroom (31) taken

over by a goat and several ducks. A fully grown tiger was living in the attic (32),

the zoo-keepers at Edinburgh Zoo reported yesterday that it was as (33) a pussy cat

and they had no trouble persuading it (34) into the van to go to the zoo.

From her hospital bed Maisie, suffering (35) a broken leg, said: "1 was

c1eaning out the tiger's room this morning (36) he got too playfui and knocked me

down. I (37) to drag myself out and called one of the dogs. I often send him to

the Post Office with a note to get things for me, (38) this time I sent him with a

note asking for help. Everyone (39) so kind to me, but I'm really terribly worried

...................... (40) my pets. "

21. A was visiting B visited C visiting22. A has speeded B was speeded C was speeding23. A willlook B would look C has to look24. A so many B such a number C such a lot25. A some B none C no one26. A said B reported C told27. A - B aH C every28. A released B is released C will be released29. A will have B need C must30. A can take B can be taken C would be taken31. A had B had been C has been

14

32. A However B Although C That's why33. A tame like B tame C tame as34. A getting B to get C get35. A from B with C by36. A when B during C as long as37. A managed B succeeded C could38. A because B so C so that39. A were B had been C has been40. A of B about C by

AN EXTREMELY RARE ANTIQUE VASE

It might be tiny, but aporcelain vase is about (41) a big difference to one

family's bank account. The rare Royal Worcester vase, (42) for less than f20, is

in fact worth flO,OOO.

It (43) in Mrs. Anne Hemming's china cabinet for 20 years after she had

bought it from an antiques shop in Somerset. She had a very refmed eye for antiques and was

very good at (44) things like this vase. The shop owner did not reali se its

historicai significance (45) Mrs. Hemming had a good idea of what it was. She

paid less than f20 (46) it. Her family didn't know (47) value but

when she died experts (48) called in and they told the family the vase was

worth flO,OOO.

Although China (49) making porcelain for 1,000 years, the English only

figured out how to make it in about 1750 and this vase is one of the earliest examples. It is

due to (50) under the hammer in an auction house next week.

41. A making B to make C to be made42. A is bought B bought C buying43. A sits B has sat C sat44. A spotting B being spotted C having spotted45. A but B as C that's why46. A on B to C for47. A one's B their C its48. A were B have C had49. A were B had been C IS

50. A have gone B be gone C go

15

date Answer Sheet Set 1

Date: ------------------

Part 1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Part 2

A B C21.

22.23.24.25.

26.27.28.29.30.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Correct answers

A B C31.

32.33.34.35.

36.37.38.39.40.

Correct answers

16

A B C41.

42.43.44.45.

46.47.48.49.

50.




A JOURNEY BY TUBE

Tom was rather (O) looking forward to his first joumey by Tube, (1) theunderground railway in London is called. He (2) heard a great deal about it from hisfriends who had already been (3) England. They all advised him not to travel alonethe first time. But Tom is the kind ofperson who (4) listens to anyone's advice. It isnot surprising , (5), that his first joumey by Tube was not a great success.

Tom entered the station shortly (6) five o' clock in the aftemoon. This is abad time to travel in London, (7) by bus and underground, because crowds ofpeople go home (8) work at this hour. He had to join a long queue of people.............. (9) were waiting for tickets .

....... (10), he got the right ticket in the end and, by asking (11) peoplethe way, he also found the right platform. This (12) packed with people. He did notmanage to get on the first train, (13) he was able to move nearer the edge of theplatform (14) to be in a better position to get on the next one (15) thiscarne in, Tom was pushed forward onto the train (16) the people from behind. Hewas unable to see the names (17) the stations where the train stopped, but hecounted the number of stops (18) he would know where to get off. His station wasthe sixth along the line.

But when he got off, he was astonished to see that he was at a station (19)he had never heard ofl Fortunately he soon realised he had travelIed on a train going................ (20) the wrong direction.

after neveralona ofas Míhet'both severalbut so asby so thatfew thatfrom thereforehad tohas washowever whenin wholike with

17


GUINEAPIG

............ (21) language has its own special words and expressions. Often, they give

new meaning to a common word or phrase. One such American expression is "guinea pig."

............... (22) centuries, scientists have used animals in medical experiments. They

. . . . . . . . . . . . . .. (23) to experiment on guinea pigs because the animals are small and are easy

............... (24). They reproduce quickly and resist disease, (25) them valuable for

laboratory tests. Scientists (26) guinea pigs to test many important medicines.

For example, one of the most important medicines (27) in recent years has been

the vaccine to control the chicken pox disease. Guinea pigs are (28) the most

common animals that scientists use in medical experiments. So, the expression, "guinea pig"

has come to mean more than just the name ofthe animals. Now, it means anybody or anything

on ............... (29) an experime nt is done.

21. A alI B ever C most22. A smce B about C for23. A enjoy B a rove C choose24. A controlled B to control C controllin25. A making B make C to make26. A are used B C have been used27. A are developing B ed C develo ed28. A between B amon C within29. A which B that C what

THE FIRST PHONE BOOK

The first phone book, (30) in 1880, contained no numbers, just 248 London

names and addresses. If you wanted (31), you had to ring the operator and ask

............. (32) the person by name (33), the first directory was not British. It is

said (34) a single sheet of paper, which (35) distributed in

Connecticut in 1878.

B was ublished C has ublishedB to connect C to be connectedB about CB however C des iteB to have been C to haveB has C

18

30. A [published31. A connecting32. A for33. A although34. A to be35. A was

WINDSURFING

1 (36) windsurfmg now for six years, and teaching others to do it for most of

the time. 1 run a windsurfer school and shop with my wife Jane.

1 don't think 1 chose windsurfmg (37) a hobby or profession: windsurfing

chose me. Strangely enough, 1 had never even seen anyone (38) before 1 went to

sailing school on a Caribbean island in the summer of 1975 (39) a school there, but

no one was very proficient. After all, they had only had their boats a month when 1 arrived.

However, (40) 1 saw people enjoying the sport, 1 decided (41) it up. 1 had

been sailing for at least ten years, and in some ways it seemed (42) another sailing

boat: at least it had a sail. And 1 saw it as (43) challenge.

Probably because 1have done so much windsurfmg since then, 1 can't remember every

............. (44) of my first experience. . (45) 1 do remember is that 1 couldn't even

stand up on the thing at first, but after 1 had fallen off quite (46) times, 1 soon

caught on, and by the end of that first day, was doing quite well,

For me windsurfmg is (47) sport. And it' s not dangerous as long as you use

your common sense and follow what you (48). I've certainly never broken any

bones; I've never even injured myself.

It wasn't until after 1 (49) back to Britain that 1 carne across proper courses

for people who want to take up windsurfmg. If!' d gone to a proper school at the start, life

............. (50) much easier.

36. A 'd been B 've been C am37. A as B like C than38. A windsurfed B to windsurf C windsurfing39. A There is B There was C It was40. A as soon as B quickly C early41. A take B to take C taking42. A as B like C so43. A - B the C a44. A detail B details C ofthe details45. A That B Which C What46. A a little B few C a few47. A very stimulating B the most stimulated C the most stimulating48. A are taught B have taught C had taught49. A had come B have come C carne50. A will be B would have been C will have been

19

Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 2

Date: -------------------

Part 1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Part 2

A B C21.

22.23.24.25. ---26.27.28.

29.30.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Correct answers

A B C31.

32.33.34.

35.36.37.38.

39.40.

A B C41.42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.

50.

Correct answersl L- __ ---'------'1x 0,5= L-I __ --'--------'1,D

20




DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.

In 1983 the (O) United States Congress passed a law (1) made thebirthday of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., a national holiday. The new holiday, (2) iscelebrated every year on the third Monday in January, honours Dr. King's work for thepromotion of peaceful ways to secure freedom (3) equality .

................ (4) a black child growing up in the South in the 1930s, Martin LutherKing, Jr. (5) to face the problems of segregation and racial injustice. He wanted................ (6) help change things for the better.

First he thought (7) becoming a lawyer or a doctor. Later, (8),impressed by his father's work for civil rights and (9) own feeling of theimportance of religion, he decided to become a priest. (10) he was 17, his fatherlet him preach in his church (11) was such a success that he was sure he hadfound his calling, and went (12) to study at a theological seminary inPennsylvania. Always (13) good student, King enrolled at Boston University for.............. (14) study, and earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree (15) the '50sand '60s he was an untiring worker for the civil rights movement, leading (16)peaceful protests, and insisting on non-violence (17) when he and his family.............. (18) attacked.

.. . . . . . . . . . . .. (19) his prominence as a leader in the civil rights movement, Dr. Kingreceived threats to his life. On April 4, 1968 as he stepped out of his hotel room a rifle shot................ (20) heard. At the young age of 39, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., wasassassinated,

a itand manvas muchbecause ofbecause of onduring thateven #tefarther therefurther tohad washas werehis whenhowever which

21


FISH SCULPTURES

My father died when 1was eight years old. Due (21) my mother's modest

income, there was neither enough food to eat (22) fancy clothes to wear. To

supplement the family income, 1 (23) to take up a job (24) a shopkeeper's

help.

Eventually our situation got (25) bad that 1had to abandon school and take

up a mechanic's job in a car workshop (26) the workshop paid me (27), 1

still stayed. There 1 started pursuing an activity (28) kept me hooked to the job.

While attending to the spare parts of vehic1es, 1 started colleeting (29) 1 stumbled

upon in the workshop - empty plastic bottles, wires, (30) fish bones from my

colleagues' sandwich boxes. 1then moulded these things into interesting objects - (31)

flowers, birds and trees, so slowlya fascinating collection (32) out of the waste.

My artworks impressed even my boss, (33) encouraged me to exhibit them. 1

started taking part (34) trade fairs and exhibitions. 1 began travelling around the

country, owing to (35) 1had to quit my job. 1didn't have any regrets, for it gave me

an opportunity to make a living (36) something Iloved to do.

21. A for B to C -

22. A either B nor C or23. A had B need C must24. A as B like C similar25. A very B so C such26. A Because B However C Though27. A a little B little C few28. A that B what C -

29. A whenever B whichever C whatever30. A still B yet C even31. A likely B like C as32. A emerged B has emerged C had emerged33. A that B who C -34. A on B ill C at35. A which B what C that36. A on B out of C from

22

SPAIN TREATS CHILD PHONE ADDICTS

Two children in Spain (37) to amental health institution to be treated for

addiction to their mobile phones. The children, aged 12 and 13, were sent to the c1inic

. . . . . . . . .. (38) their parents, who said they (39) carry out normal activities without

their handsets. They were doing badly at school and lying to relatives (40) get money

to spend on their phones.

They (41) to cope without their phones for three months. Dr Maria Utges,

.......... (42) runs the Child and Youth Mental Health Centre, said (43) the first time

the c1inic (44) children who were dependent (45) their mobile phones. "They

both showed disturbed behaviour and this exhibited (46) in failure at school. They

both had serious difficulties (47) normallives," she was quoted in Spanish papers as

saying.

The children (48) their phones for 18 months, and their parents had made

.......... (49) effort to restriet their use before noticing (50) serious their dependence

had become.

37. A have admitted B have been admitted C were admitting38. A for B to C by39. A couldn't B can't C don't40. A in order to B in order that C as to41. A are learning B learn C will be learning42. A whom B - C who43. A there was B it was C there is44. A treated B had treated C has treated45. A on B of C from46. A oneself B itself C themselves47. A leading B to lead C lead48. A own B have owned C had owned49. A a little B little C few50. A what B that C how

23

----.,.

Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sheet Set 3

Date: _

Part 1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Part 2

A B C21.

22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.30.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Correct answers L-I_-'------'1 x 0,5= L-I_-'------'I ,O

A B C31.

32.33.34.35.36.37.38.39.40.

A B C41.

42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.50.

Correct answers ,-1_--,--_1 x 0,5= ,-1_--,--_1 ,O

24

---------------------




MEN'S EASY GUIDE TO GIFT SHOPPING

Let's face .. it .. (O). Buying gifts for the (1) you love is not always easy.There is a considerable dang er (2) getting her something she won't like.

................. (3) are three classic mistakes men often make. Contrary to women, mencan be pleased with a practical present from (4) partners. The opposite is simply notthe case (5) gift that can be used for housework at all (6) a really bad idea.Vacuum cleaners and frying pans all faU (7) the same no-go category. But have younoticed how (8) partner loves to receive kitchen appliances - as long as she................ (9) get them from you? Strange? (10), but accept it as a fact oflife.

............... (11) classic mistake is the impersonal gift. So a gift voucher for adepartment store is a bad idea. Mistake number three: (12) give her gifts thatsuggest you are (13) than satisfied with her appearance. It may be that she............. (14) love to have the Slim Ladies' Cookbook, but don't buy it! On the contrary, you.............. (15) casuaUy ask her why on earth she wants that.

Don't lose heart - there are still lots of possibilities (16) you can rememberthe two golden rules, it' schild' s play fmding the perfect gift. First of all buy (17)luxurious. It doesn't have (18) expensive as long as it is the best in its category:perfume or exclusive accessories. Secondly, buy her a personal gift: something that pleasesher alone, (19) lipstick or a work of art that suits her taste. Just the fact that youbought it (20), and didn't get your sister, secretaryor mother to buy it, makes itpersonal.

another neverany ofas onedoesn't otherhad shouldif somethínginto theiris thereií theyless to belike yourmavbe vourselfmore would

25

--------------------


A MICHIGAN TRUCK DRIVER

A Michigan truck driver who (21) no trouble with his eyes, suddenly went

blind, while he (22). He was guided to a safe stop by (23) truck driver

who gave him instructions (24) radio.

"1 owe my life (25) that man. He was really calm and nice," said Francis

Gilmore, (26) went blind last week as his car-transport truck speeded along the

road east (27) El Dorado.

The 40-ton truck, (28) eight new cars, began to move from side to side so

Mr Gilmore warned the traffic (29) him.

"1 knew (30) a tractor-trailer behind me," he recalled. "1 started

.................... (31) my brakes. The other driver kept (32): Take it easy, take it easy,

just get calm."

As the two trucks speeded along, the other driver continued (33)

instructions to Mr Gilmore, who admitted he was (34). Fortunately, thanks to the

help (35) to him he managed to park his truck safely.

The following day Mr Gilmore went to an eye specialist in (36) El Dorado.

He was (37) his problem was probably temporary but the doctor gave

..................... (38) explanation.

21. A has B has had C had had22. A drives B was drivinz C has been drivinz23. A other B the other C another24. A across B over C on the25. A for B to C from26. A which B who C that27. A of B off C from28. A had carried B carried C carr~nz29. A behind B besides C next30. A it has been B there was C it was31. A to be hit B hittinZ C havin~hit32. A to say B saymg C being said33. A to give B had given C have been ZivinZ34. A shocked B shocking C to be shocked35. A given B giving C togive36. A nearly B nearby C near37. A spoken B said C told38. A neither B nor C no

26

HEALTHY KIDS

Healthy kids should have lots of energy and be desperate to run about, they should not

................. (39) on the sofa. Here are some fun ways (40) your kids moving.

Some parents fmd it (41) really help if you set a limit on how long your

children can sit in front of the TV. A couple of hours is a fair amount of time,

..................... (42) on their age. Once screen time is over, you need to switch off the TV so

they (43) to play with other toys or go outside.

If you always drive your kids to school, think about leaving the car at home .

........... (44) it's not too far, walking with the kids will benefit you both - and save

money too.

Parents often assume their kids (45) be exhausted after a long school day

- forgetting that they' re actually sitting for most of the time (46) allowing them

to sit in front of the telly, encourage them to get active after school.

Don't let your kids rest for too long after meals - (47) tempted they might

be! Half an hour to settle stomachs is fme then you (48) get your kids moving

again. Families that are active together tend to be (49) healthier and c1oser. Try

specifying one day at the weekend to be a family fun day (50) you all go on a

bike ride or explore a new area. It's cheap too.

39. A be sticking B be stuck C stuck40. A to get B get C getting41. A should B can C has to42. A depends B to depend C depending43. A encourage B are encouraging C are encouraged44. A as far as B as long as C unt il45. A must B need C have to46. A Rather than B Instead C Contrary to47. A how B howmuch C however48. A had better B would rather C need49. A either B both C as well as50. A in the meantime B unt il C when

27

ndidate Answer Sheet Set 4

Date: --------

Part 1

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

Correct answers

Part 2

A B C31.

32.33.34.

35.36.37.38.39.40.

A B C41.

42.43.44.45.46.47.48.49.

50.

A B C21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.

30.

Correct answers ,--1_-'-----'1 x 0,5=1,-_-'-----'1,0

28




FAMILY TRADITION

A nine- .. year .. (O) old girl has become the first pupil to win a national chessseholarship to a top public school. Katie Hale, of Chigwell Row, Essex started playing chesscompetitively (1) the age of six. Her talent (2) won her the Nigel ShortChess Seholarship at the Millfield School in Somerset. The seholarship (3) worthhalf the school's f16 000 fees. Katie comes from a chess-playing family of four children, allof (4) star in tournaments around the country. Her younger sister, Stephanie, wasjust four (5) she became the youngest person to play in a national chess competitiontwo years ago. Katie willleave (6) talented siblings in September to take up theboarding school place 130 miles away (7) her home. Her mother said: "Katie wasdelighted (8) have won the place. Katie felt she (9) performed well in theselect ion procedure. She loves competing (10) seems absolutely determined to takeher talent as far (11) she can. She really needs the coaching (12)

Millfield will provide." The school, (13) provides chess as part of the curriculum,has announced the appointment of (14) first Master in Charge of Chess. MatthewTurner, a grandmaster, ranked 17th in the country, will (15) able to improveKatie's game in individual coaching sessions. Nigel Short, Britain's top chess player, will................. (16) visit the school this summer to provide coaching and master classes.................. (17) Katie has everything to look forward to, the family back in Essex................. (18) not be given the chance to miss her too (19). Mrs Hale said:"1 won't get the opportunity to miss her. We'll be meeting up at (20) the chesscompetitions. "

alI muchalso ofand thatas theirat thembe toeach whenfrom whichhad whilehas whomher willis wouldits ~

29


FIREMAN WITHOUT LICENCE FOR YEARS

A Japanese frrefighter has been sacked after (21) fire engines and ambulances

.......... (22) more than 20 years without alicence.

The man, who worked in Takaoka City, was only discovered (23) a routine

inspection of licences last week. Aceording to his bosses, he appeared reluctant (24)

his licence, but when he (25) the inspector realised the man (26) his father's

licence. The driver tried (27) the photograph with his fingers,

The man told his superiors he had attended driving school (28) failed the

written exam. He has now been dismissed and (29) by police, and his bosses have

apologised (30) local people. At least, they say, he didn't cause anyaccidents.

21. A drove B driving C was driving22. A smce B unt il C for23. A while B during C meanwhile24. A produce B produced C to produce25. A did B would C has26. A was used B was us ing C has used27. A hiding B hide C to hide28. A so B because C but29. A is being questioned B is questioning C has questioned30. A for B to C by

US TE EN SAILOR TAKES ON THE WORLD

A 16-year-old from Los Angeles is hop ing (31) the youngest person to sail

round the world solo. Zac Sunderland sets (32) on Saturday and will make the

historic year-long journey (33) a boat bought with his own savings. "The boat

.......... (34) Intrepid," Zac Sunderland me (35), as we step aboard. A more fitting

name might be "Unfinished", 1 think to myself.

Several people are working on deck, drilling, fastening, making adjustments. Down

below, the mess resembles (36) a typical teenager's bedroom. However, Zac is far

from typical. He cannot (37) drive legally, but he plans (38) this 36-foot boat

around the world. Solo.

30

l

And to return (39) the youngest person ever to do so, he needs (40)

back by January 2010. The current record belongs to Australian David Dicks, who fmished

his voyage in 1996, (41) 18 years and 41 days.

31. A to become B becoming C will become32. A away B off C on33. A by B m C with34. A has called B called C is called35. A telIs B says C talks36. A to B for C -

37. A yet B so far C alreaqy38. A sailing B to have sailed C to sail39. A as B like C such40. A getting B to get C get41. A aging B age C aged

"PICK YOUR OWN" STRAWBERRIES

A fruit farm has stopped ..... . . . .. (42) "pick your own" strawberries because

customers were eating (43) of the fruit without paying.

Mark Spight, who runs the farm, said he (44) at the number of people not

paying for the strawberries. One family (45) dipping the berries in cream as they

picked them. Mr Spight said he (46) angry watching people gorging themselves, then

only taking a handful of fruit (47) for. He said some people were eating up to fIS

worth of strawberries and (48) come to the checkout covered in juice. There had also

been an increasing problem with unruly behaviour leading to plants (49) and fruit

damaged.

This year the farm does not have (50) strawberry plants to be picked but sells

the fruit in the farm shop.

42. A to do B doing C to be doin.K43. A too much B too many C lot44. A was annoying B annoyed C was annoyed45. A has caught B were caught C caught46. A used to get B Kot used to_getting C was used to get47. A pay B to be paid C paying48. A would B will C may49. A trampling B being trampled C are trampled50. A some B no C al!Y.

31

r--'

Writing Parts 1-2 Candidate Answer Sh

Date:

Part 1

1. 11.

2. 12.

3. 13.

4. 14.

5. 15.

6. 16.

7. 17.

8. 18.

9. 19.

10. 20.

Correct answer

Part 2

A B C A B C21. 31.

22. 32.23. 33.24. 34.25. 35.26. 36.27. 37.28. 38.29. 39.30. 40.

Correct answer

32

eet Set 5

A B C41.

42.43.44.45.

46.47.48.49.

50.

s ,--------1,--------,1 x 0,5= ,--------,1-----,1 'D

Writing Part 3


Ebben a feladatban az önálló szövegalkotási készséget mérjük.

A vizsgán két feladat közül választhat. A levelek a témalistához kapcsolódnak, és a vizsgán azalábbi típu sok fordulhatnak elő: baráti/magán-, félhivatalos-, hivatalos levél, olvasói levél,stb. Minden feladatnál megtudja, hogy ki az olvasó, akinek a szöveget szánja; mi a célja aszövegalkotásnak; valamint van négy szempont, ami a létrehozandó szöveg tartaimátirányítja, ezeket kell a szövegben kifejtenie. Erre példa a 35. oldalon a Set O, melyhezmintamegoldás a 77-78. oldalon található.

A további öt feladatot használja gyakorlásra.

Hogyan dolgozzon?

• Legelőször gondolja végig, melyik téma és szövegtípus áll Önhöz közelebb, sennek alapján válassza ki a feladatot.

• Tervezze meg a szöveg tartaimát és logikáját: készítsen vázlatot.• Gondolja végig a választott szövegtípusra jellemző formai követelményeket és

annak megfelelően, a vázlat alapján kezdjen hozzá az íráshoz.• Gondolatait tagolja, ügyeljen az egyes szövegegységeken belüli és azok közötti

logikai összefiiggések megteremtésére, ehhez használjon változatos nyelvieszközöket. A szöveg ne önálló mondatok halmaza legyen.

• Használjon a célnak megfelelő, választékos szókincset és nyelvtani struktúrákat.• Ha elkészült, olvassa át még egyszer aszöveget és ellenőrizze, hogy minden egyes

tartalmi pontot kifejtett-e, gördülékeny, jól olvasható, érthető szöveget hozott-elétre. Javítsa ki a nyelvi hibákat is.

• Legalább egy levélnél használja a vizsgán szokásos mintaválaszlapot, amit a38-39. oldalon talál.

Erre a feladatra körülbelül 40-50 percet szánjon.

Értékelés:

Kommunikatív érték: a tartalmi szempontok megfelelő mélységű kidolgozása, aszöveg tartalmi felépítése és gondolatfűzése, szöveghossz (a releváns információfiiggvényében meghaladhatja a 17 - 20 sort; a címzések, dátum, aláírás természetesennem számítanak bele). Maximális pont: 5 x 2 pont = 10 pont

Kifejezőkészség: a szöveg céljának megfelelő hangvétel, változatos és gazdagszókincs; megfelelő formai jegyek. Maximális pont: 5 x 2 pont = 10 pont

Nyelvhelyesség: a szinten elvárható nyelvtani szerkezetek biztos, pontos és változatoshasználata; jó helyesírás és központozás. Maximális pont: 5 x 2 pont = 10 pont

Általános benyomás: eléri-e a szöveg a célját az olvasónál, milyen benyomást keltbenne. Maximális pont: 5 x 1 pont = 5 pont


34

Writing Part 3 Set O

Choose one of the two topics and write 170-180 words (17-20 lines) about it in English.Write a few sentences about each of the four points given and connect one idea to thenext. Use the English letter forrnat (address, date, greeting, signatu re).

Topic 1.

You met a famous person not long ago. Write a letter to your English friend and tellabout

• where you met, how you got acquainted,

• what he/she is famous for,

• his/her appearance and character,

• why meeting him/her was really memorable for you.

Topic II.

You have been working as an au-pair in London for two months. You want to changefamilies. Write to the Au-pair Agency and tell them

• about the present family and your tasks,

• about an event when you had problems,

• why you couldn't get on with a particular member ofthe family,

• what you expect of the new family and place.

35

riting Part 3 Sets 1-5

Topic 1

You worked in the summer for a month. Write and tell your English friend about

• why you decided to have a summer job,• your workmates, atmosphere,• your working hours, salary,• apleasant / unpleasant experience of yours.

Topic 2

Encouraged by an advertisement, you ordered some English books fromBESTSELLERS BOOKSHOPS in the U. K.

BESTSELLERS BOOKSHOPS

(18-20 Oxford Street, London CW7 UK)

Book orders: 3 to 6 weeks from UK, USA, France

However, you were disappointed when you got the parcel. Write a letter of complaint.

Write about:

• the reasons why you ordered the books from them by post,• the items you ordered / the items you got.• Complain about the confusion of titles and the delay.• Name the form of compensation you expect.

36

Topic 3

You would like to invite your forrner English colleague to your company's New Year'sEve party.

Write and tell him/her• when and where the event will take place,• in what way it's going to be special.

Recall

• memories of previous parties you both attended.Point out

• why you insist on his/her coming.

Topic 4

You are the Coordinator of the Student Welfare Centre at your university. Write awelcoming letter to the new students. (Start with 'Dear Students').

Give details about the services the Centre offers:• lodgings (comfort, accessibility),• health care and recreation,• social events organised for students.

Mention• when and how they can contact you.

Topic 5

During your last bicycle trip you fell and broke your leg. You were taken tohospital.

In your letter to your friend tell him/her:• how the accident happened,• what treatment the hospital provided,• your opinion about the hospital service/staff,• how your condition will influence your summer plans.

37

riting Part 3 Candidate Answer Shee

Date:------------------

38

Communicative value x2=

Expressiveness x2=

Accuracy x2=

Overall impression xl=

39

Reading Part 1


A vizsgázónak egy kb. 300-500 szavas szöveget kell elolvasnia, melyből hiányzik öt mondat.

A szöveg után megadott hat mondatból kell az öt megfelelőt visszahelyezni a tartalom és a

nyelvi szerkezetek figyelembevételével.

Hogyan dolgozzon?

• Először olvassa el a szöveget, hogy megismerje annak tartalmát.

• Olvassa el a megadott mondatokat is.

• Térjen vissza a szöveghez, és a tartalmi összefüggések, utalások segítségével válassza ki

a hat mondat közül a megfelelőket. Ellenőrizze, hogy a kiválasztott mondat tartalmilag

és nyelvileg illik-e a szövegkörnyezetbe: szerves folytatása-e az előző mondatnak, illetve

kapcsolódik-e hozzá az őt követő szövegrész.

• Ha elkészült, még egyszer olvassa át a teljes szöveget.

• Végül megoldásait (a mondatok betűjelét) írja át a válaszlapra.

Erre a feladatra körülbelül 20 percet szánjon.

Értékelés:

Valamennyi helyes megoldás 2-2 pont ér.


42

Reading Part 1 Set 1

Write the letter of the most suitable sentence (A-F) in the text below. There is one extrasentence, which you do not need.

Write the letter of your answers on the separate answer sheet.

MY SCOTLAND - LOST AND FOUND

'Andrew', my mother whispered, 'Andrew, wake up - we are going to America.' 1was in a dream. The typical dream for a Scottish lad of eleven years - visions of football,sweets, that new Hibs strip. Slowly my dream faded, and 1 woke up ..... (1) ....

It was a cold August moming, like any other, yet different. Today, 1 was not going toget dressed and walk up to the schoollollipop man with my sister. Today, 1 would not shoutup to my friends' windows and ask them if they could play football. Today, we were leaving ..... (2) ....

Somehow, we had managed to pack everything we owned into thirteen immenselyheavy suitcases. How we made it to America, 1 shall never know. My sister and 1 startedschool. We were like objects on display to the Americans ..... (3) .... If! was not being askedto say different words and phrases over and over, 1was being ridiculed and told to 'go back towhere 1 carne from.' 1 did make friends, but to this day, 1 cannot figure out if they weregenuine friends, or just enthralled at listening to my accent.

.... (4) .... We ate hamburgers and frequented McDonalds as much as we frequentedchurch. We sang all the American patriotic songs. We covered every major American touristattraction.

Over our years in America, my parents treated us to an unforgettable series ofjourneys, holidays, weekends, and surprise visits that covered virtually every inch of America.It was an enchanting Dream, almost as good as some of my Scottish ones, where my dad and 1would play for Hibs and win the Scottish Cup ..... (5) .... On that day in a small South Texasmovie theatre, 1 saw the story of William Wallace unfold for the frrst time. My tears fell freelyas 1 realized that it had all actually happened. Men like this did really die for my freedom.These bloody battles really were fought in my home country. This really was Scotlandhundreds of years ago. 1 watched, understood, and intemalized the story of Wallace and hisfight for Scotland's freedom. 1 awoke from the American Dream, and realized suddenly who 1was and where 1was from. 1 was a Scot.

A) We drove under the largest tree in the world, a California Redwood.B) Leaving this whole country behind, and I did not realize just how much my life was

about to ch ange.C) During this time, and through my elementary school years, we were living the American

Dream.D) But like ali dreams, it had to end, and on May 23rd, 1995, my American Dream did end.E) /t was the last Scottish dream I had for years.F) 'Say book, Andrew! Say it againfor my friend!'

DX2Correct answers IT]43



Write the letter ofyour answers on the separate answer sheet.

KIDS LINKED TO MARS

Two Hungarian teenagers havebeen selected from over 10,000 entrantsworldwide to participate in work withNASA's Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) inan upcoming Mars miss ion, scheduled for2003.

Zsófia Bodó from Budapest andBernadette Gaál from Hódmezővásárhely,near Szeged took part in the Red RoverGoes to Mars Training Mission organizedby the Planetary Society.

...... (1) They now have theopportunity to take part in a mission 35million miles away from home.

"1 subscribe to a newsietter that (inconnection with the Planetary Society) ispublished by the Hungarian AstronauticalSociety, and inc1udes the latest science andspace results and discoveries (2) .When I found out I had won I was justscreaming - I was so excited and Istillreally am!" said a thrilled Bodó.

"1 want to study science and havealways wanted to go to the United States.

Our parents will not go with us." (3) " she admitted.

The young scientist team,consisting of nine students from Po land,India, the US, Taiwan and Hungary, willuse image data from the MGS orbiting thered planet and then help choose a possiblelanding site for future missions.

In 2001 the two Hungarians willbegin a space odyssey of their own andtravel to California to take pictures of thered planet's surface, a trip for which theHungarian girls can hardly wait.

"1 have never been to the USbefore. . (4) I have always dreamtof something like this. It is my secretdesire to one day become an astronaut. Thesecond Hungarian in space and the firstHungarian woman." said Bodó.

"The se students will actuallyprogram a camera on a spacecraft orbitingaround Mars to take pictures of the surface.. (5) " Linda Kelly from thePlanetary Society said.

A) For this reason too it will be a real adventure.B) 1 will be in California for one week and help find aplacefor a future mission to land.C) The Mars Polar lander is scheduled to be put into orbit in 3 years' time.D) The two girls came through afield of 80 semi-finalists from 44 nations.E) There was a test for students and you had to work on a program to use the Mars

Rover and a robotic arm.F) This is thefirst time members of the public will command a spacecraft instrument on a

planetary mission.

DX2Correct answers rr

44


Write the letter of the most suitable sentence (A-F) in the text below. There is one extrasen ten ce, which you do not need.


COUPLES FREE TO MARRY AT HOME

The govemment gave the go aheadyesterday for marriage ceremonies at homeor in open air locations such as beaches.Like Pamela Anderson, brides could weara bikini on their big day.

..... ..(1) This change will allowlocal authority officials to conductweddings at any hour and in any place thatprovides safe access to the public. Undercurrent law, ceremonies must be heldbefore 6 pm inside churches, registryoffices or buildings with a special marriagelicence (2) The deadline wasintroduced before electric light for fearpeople might marry the wrong partner inthe dark.

The system is expected to beintroduced in 2004 and will includechanges in the registration of births anddeaths to allow parents and relatives toprovide information online or bytelephone (3) .

Len Cook, the registrar general, saidthe reforms would increase choice andconvenience for people registering births,marriages and deaths, while saving 30-40% of central and local govemment costs .But the new rules will restriet public accessto information that has been available forcenturies on birth, marriage and deathcertificates. . (4) .

The report proposes licensing about15,000 local authority registration officersas "celebrants" with powers to conductmarriages in any safe location with publicaccess. Mr Cook said the propo sal waslikely to exclude ceremonies underwaterwith scuba diving equipment or in mid-airwith parachutes (5) .

A standard wedding in a registry officewould still cost BO each for the coup1e toregister their intention to marry and B6 forthe ceremony.

A) So there will not be any need to visit a registry office.B) But couples could marry at their home if they let the public in for the ceremony.C) Most of it is privately owned but you could request permission to be married from the

Property manager.D) When these are replaced by a central electronic register, most personal particulars will

become confidential.E) A report on the reform of civil marriages in England and Wales promised a change in

the law.F) Flexibility on tim ing of weddings would be popular with couples marrying close to the

deadline because they wan ted the reception to take the form of an evening dance.

Correct answers Dx2 [IJ

45




SCHOOL'S OUT FOR JUNK VENDING

Vending machines selling fizzydrinks, chocolates and crisps are to bebanned from the country's state schoolsunder laws to improve children's diets.... (1) ...

Snack and drink manufacturers hadhoped that vending machines would escapethe crackdown. But the school mealsreview panel, set up by Ruth Kelly, theeducation secretary, to examine nutritionalstandards, has decided that "healthy eating"rules must apply to all food and drinkavailable at school. The panel says that themove will require legislation. "Unless youstop selling the highly branded sugarysnacks and drinks," one panel membersaid, "they will always be chosen bychildren .... (2) ... The way companies haveprofited from these machines at theexpense of children's health has beendisgraceful. "

The propo sal is likely to be opposedby manufacturers, with critics arguing thatchildren unable to buy fizzy drinks andsweet snacks at school will buy them fromlocal shops .... (3) ... A study published by

the Food Standards Agency in 2004 foundthat schools offering vending machinesselling nutritious drinks were popular withchildren and could make a profit.

... (4)... All vending machinesselling fizzy drinks and. sweet snacks havebeen removed from the country's schoolsand replaced with water fountains.

Kelly's shake-up of the nutritionalstandards of school meals - to beannounced at the Labour party conferencethis week - will also propose that highlyprocessed foods, inc1uding fatty reformedmeats such as turkey shapes, should bebanned. Chips and ice cream will berationed to one or two servings a week.From September 2006 head teachers willbe required to monitor the amount ofcarbohydrates, fat, protein and nutrients inschool dinners.

The poor quality of children's schoolmeals was recently put under the spotlightby Jamie Oliver, the ce1ebrity chef, in aChannel 4 series, Jamie's School Dinners.... (5) ...

A) France has already introduced a simi/ar ban.B) He revealed that as little as 37p was being spent on ingredients.C) Nobody is interested in what children would like to eat and drink.D) You have to remove them if you 're going to be serious about reforming the school

meals service.E) Supporters of the policy say that schools will not lose a lot from the change.F) Junk food and sweets currently sold in the machines will have to be replaced by fruit,

milk and bottled water.

Correct answers Dx2 LD46


Write the letter of the most suitable sentence (A-F) in the text below. There is one extrasen ten ce, which you do not need.


A SURVEY OF QUALITY OF LIFE

London has become a worse placeto live in the past 12 months because oftransport congestion, overcrowding, risingcrime, high prices and stress.

....(1) .... The study ranks 215 citiesbased on 10 criteria rang ing acrosspolitical, econormc and socialenvironment, health care, education,recreation and transport.

....(2) .... Bottom of the list are twocities in the Demoeratic Republic ofCongo, which has been devastated by civilwar. Ten EU capital cities inc1uding Paris,Berlin, Brussels rank higher than London,as do Los Angeles and San Francisco.Switzerland and Germany each have threecities near the top of the list.

Quality oflife is generally higher insmaller cities with efficient transportsystems. The 1arger urban areas havegenerally struggled to maintain the samedegree of efficiency despitetheir extensive metro, rail and bus

networks .....(3) .... Among the top-rankingcities differences in quality of life canbarely be seen. All score highly on thebasic comforts of life, with crime levelsand pollution having a moderate effect onthe scores.

There is better news for Londonerswhen it comes to recreation. ....(4) ....London lies ninth in the world on thismeasure. New York, Los Angeles andSydney are the top three. When measuredon transport alone, however, Londonplummets to 55th, behind Hong Kong aswell as nine other EU cities.

Ken Livingstone, London's mayor,said: "The fmdings of the survey aredisappointing but perhaps not surprising.My fIrst budget is primarily concernedwith reducing the rate of crime in ourcapital. ....(5) .... 1 have also produced atransport strategy which will improve theinfra structure that has been neglected overthe last decade."

A) Peak time congestion in particular has tended to lower their scores.B) It will bring an additionall,050 police officers on to the street.C) The capital has a wider choice of restaurants, theatres and cinemas than any other city

in Europe.D) A survey published recently shows the capital ranks 40th in the world when assessed for

quality of life, compared with 34th last year.E) The idea that councils create equal opportunities is nonsense.F) Vancouver camefirstfollowed by Zurich, Vienna, Copenhagen and Sydney.

DX2Correct answers [TI

47

Readiu2 Part 2

Gyakorlati tanácsokEbben a feladatban egy szöveget kell elolvasni, majd a kérdések segítségével a szöveg

információelemeit megtalálni. A kérdések száma 10. A kérdések a szöveg tartalmi sorrendjét

követik, azonban ha a cikkíró egy gondolatot több helyen is kifejt, ezeket egy kérdés köré

csoportosítjuk.

Hogyan dolgozzon?

• Először olvassa el a szöveget, hogy megismerje annak tart almát. (A cím értelmezése is

segítséget nyújthat.)

• Olvassa végig a kérdéseket is.

• Térjen vissza a szöveghez, és az ismételt olvasás során kérdésről kérdésre haladva

. keresse meg a választ tartalmazó információt.

• Ha megtalálta az információt, a kérdés újbóli elolvasása után eldöntheti, milyen hosszan

válaszoljon.

• Ne feledje, hogy válaszát röviden és tömören kell megfogalmaznia. Nyugodtan hagyja el

a válaszhoz szorosan nem tartozó elemeket.

• Válaszát igazítsa a kérdőszó hoz.

• Eldöntendő kérdéseknél csak YES/NO válasz szükséges.

• Rövid válaszait vezesse át a kidolgozási lapra.

Erre a feladatra körülbelül 40 percet szánjon.

Értékelés:

Mindenjó megoldás 2 pontot ér.


51


PREHISTORIC CAT LOVERS

Our love affair with felines may date to the first farmers

Among the many accomplishments ofancient Egypt, the domestication of catssurely ranks as one of the most important -at least to cat lovers. These slinky littlepredators carne in handy for controlling themice and rats that ravaged grain stores, butthey also stole Egyptian hearts. Often,when a beloved cat died, it wasmummified and interred on templegrounds. Grief-stricken owners shaved offtheir eyebrows and left small bowls of milkand toys at the grave so the cat could drinkand play in the other world. To this day,the cats of Cairo are many and adored.

New archeological findings nowsuggest that the Egyptians weren't theoriginal cat tamers after alI. For at least4,000 years before Egyptians built templesalong the Nile, primitive agricultural tribeshad made felines not only pets but also,possibly, objects of reverence. In lastweek's Science, researchers described acomplete cat skeleton found near the graveof a human in a Neolithic village on theisland of Cyprus. About 9,500 years old,the skeleton, they say, shows all the signsof having had a burial with some religioussignificance: the animaI had been placed inits own small pit, intact, with no sign ofhaving been mauled by a predator - orbutchered. A statue of a cat similar to stoneand c1ay figurines found at sites in Syria,Turkey and Israel also tumed up in thevillage.

It's unc1ear what prompted theseNeolithic farmers to domesticate cats

rather than eat them. The farmers probablycarne to Cyprus from Turkey and Syriaseeking fresh land. They built roundhouses of mud, buried their dead beneaththe floor, herded sheep and goats, andplanted grains, alI practic es imported fromthe Continent. They also brought cats,which aren't native to the island.

The measurements of the skeletonfound at the village suggest a type ofAfrican wildcat known as a Felis silvestrislybica. It may have looked like a tabby,with a striped brownish or sandy-yellowcoat and a ringed tail. Its face and teethwere bigger than those of the modemdomestic cat, Felis catus, and its limbswere longer. The skeleton belonged to aneight-month-old, probably a tom, so it mayhave been killed intentionally, to be buriedalong with its owner.

The cat was c1early important, as wasits owner: the grave contained polishedstone axes, ocher and flint tools - anabundance of objects unmatched by anyother grave of that time in Cyprus. "Therich offerings suggest a special socialstatus and, consequently, specialrelationships with the animals, " says thestudy's co-author, Jean-Denis Vigne,research director at the Centre National dela Recherche Scientifique in Paris. It'simpossible to tell much more about cat-people relationships in Neolithic times, butit's hard to imagine that it didn't involve awhole lot ofpetting.

52

After reading the text on the opposite page answer the following questions in English.Only include information from the text. Give short answers, write full sentences only ifnecessary.

1. Aceording to the article what was one of the most significant achievements in ancientEgypt in connection with animals?

f

2. What was the practical reason for keeping cats in ancient Egypt?

3. Besides burial rituals what show ed that cat lovers mourned their cats in ancient Egypt.

4. When did the cat whose bones have been found lately die?

5. Was the cat buried in a separate grave? (Write only YESINO.)

6. Name one country, besides Cyprus, where statues of cats were found.

7. Why did the ancient farmers move to Cyprus?

8. In what way was the ancient cat different from the modem one? (a, b)

9. How old was the cat at the time ofits death?

10. How many people contributed to the article in Science magazine?

Answers in English

1. 1 P

2. 1 P

3. 1 P

4. 1 P

5. 1 P

6. 1 P

7. 1 P

8. a) lb) 1 P

9. 1 P

10. 1 P

Correct answers LD ,O x2 LD

53


BENDY BUS VERSUS DOUBLE-DECKER

The red double-decker, one ofLondon'sbest-known icons, is to disappear frommuch of the capital, to be replaced bycontinental-style single-deck "bendy"buses.

More than half of London's bus routesuse roads suitable for the 18m(59ft)articulated buses, aceording to Transportfor London. They can carry 140 people, 60more than double-deckers - although mostpassengers must stand.

Joumeys are quicker becausepassengers enter through three doorssimultaneously, avoiding the long queuescaused by the single door on double-deckers. A fifth of joumey time ondouble-deckers is spent standing at busstops waiting for people to board and buytickets. Transport for London hopes toreduce waiting time to a few seconds ateach stop by forcing passengers to buy aticket before they travel.

A cashless system already operates onthe two existing bendy bus routes fromWaterloo, eliminating the fumble forchange to pay the driver. Tickets are soldat machines beside bus stops andinspectors carry out spot checks on board.

Transport for London will launeh 70bendy buses on two more routes in 2003.Bus No 436 from Lewisham to Marylebonewill replace 'hop-on, hop-offRoutemasters and bus No 453 fromDeptford to Marylebone will replacemodem double-deckers.

Peter Hendy, head of buses at Transportfor London, said: "Increasing use ofarticulated buses is likely to be necessarysimply because of increasing passengervolumes. They could be used on 50 to 60per cent of bus routes. 1would expect tosee hundreds of articulated buses in thefuture."

The National Federation of Bus Userswelcomed the move to bendy buses, sayingthey were safer and more accessible thandouble-deckers. Caro line Cahm, itschairman, said: "The driver can see thewhole length of the bus rather than relyingon a restricted view of the upper deckthrough mirrors. This makes the buses lessvulnerable to vandalism and also he1pspassengers feel safer. The tourist industrymight not like it because without double-deckers London could look much likeanywhere else. But people will have toovercome their attachment to the double-decker and accept that the bendy bus is thefuture."

Built by Mercedes- Benz, the bendybuses are part of the Mayor of London'sstrategy to expand public transport beforeintroducing a ES daily toll on motorvehic1es in Central London from February.The Mayor of London has promised toprovide room on buses for an extra 11,000passengers in the moming peak hour tocope with the number of car driversswitching to public transport each day.

A survey of passengers on the twobendy bus routes from Waterloo toVictoria and to London Bridge, has foundthat they are more popular than the double-deckers. They scored a higher satisfactionrating in every category, inc1udingaccessibility, comfort and smoothness ofthe ride.

Mr. Hendy rejected suggestions that thebendy buses could not get round tightcomers. "We have found that articulatedbuses are as manoeuvrable as regular full-sized buses, " he said.

Suzanne May, chairman of the LondonTransport Users Committee, said: "Bendybuses are a common sight in many citiesaround the world and their introduction toLondon is as overdue as it is welcome. "

54


1. What major change was planned to take place in London's public transport aceordingto the article?

2. How many of the bus routes in 2002 were not good for the new buses?

3. What makes boarding faster on the single-deck vehicles? Ca,b)

4. How many lines used articulated buses in September 2002?

5. What was the main reason for using the new bus type - aceording to Transport forLondon?

6. What can be the advantages ofbendy buses for passengers when they are already onboard? Ca, b)

7. Which field of the service industry seemed to be against the continental-style buses?

8. Give the other terminal of the bendy bus line starting from London Bridge.

9. Aceording to Peter Hendy which feature helps bendy buses to take tight comers?

10. Name the organizations - besides Transport for London - that welcomed thearticulated buses. Ca, b)

Answers in English

1. 1 P

2. 1 P

3. a) lb) 1 P

4. 1 P

5. 1 P

6. a) lb) 1 P

7. 1 P

8. 1 P

9. 1 P

10. a) lb) 1 P

Correct answers [lJ ,Ox2 [lJ

55


WHY THE COD ARE VANISHING?

For the past decade the North Sea codfishery has been shrinking - and everybodyknew, or should have known, that a disasterwas coming. Fishermen knew it was gettingharder and harder to find cod; most years theyhaven't even been able to catch theirgovemment-set quotas. Scientists wamedrepeatedly that the cod population wasdec1ining steadily, because most cod werebeing caught and eaten before they couldreproduce. And fish eaters knew that cod, oncethe hamburger of the sea, had become almost ade1icacy: in Britain an order of fish and chipsnow goes for as much as f4. Everybody knew,or should have known, that drastic measureswere called for.

Very late and a bit tentatively, some one hasfinalIy done something drastic. In December2000 the European Union and Norway, whichjointly manage the North Sea, announced a 40percent cut in the catch quota for cod, alongwith similar cuts for other endangered fish.

The process of fisheries managementbegins with science and ends with politics.Each year a committee of scientists from thenations that ring the North Sea meet inCopenhagen to assess the status of each fishstock. The scientists deliver advice on howmany fish should be caught in the folIowingyear - the Total Allowable Catch. The EU'sultimate decisions, though - which then haveto be negotiated with nonmember Norway -are made by fisheries ministers from themember states. Inevitably - though, listeningto fishermen lately, you might not guess it -those politicians tend to put the short-terminterests of their own fishing industry abovethe long-term demands of maintaining stocks.The ultimate decisions are taken on politicalgrounds to keep the industry alive.

But science, too, contributes to theproblem - because even very good scientistsaren't very good at counting the fish in the sea.The general state of North Sea cod has beenc1ear enough. "Essentially, it's been adownward trend for nearly 30 years", saysRobin Cook of the Fisheries Research Service

Marine Laboratory in Aberdeen, Scotland. Butin any given year the data are not preciseenough to command action.

As it happens, the scientific data for theNorth Sea have been especially unreliable inrecent years. Scientists have two ways ofcounting fish. They do their own researchsurveys, retuming each year to the same pointsto trawl with the same gear and see how manyfish they get. But they also rely heavily on themuch dodgier catch data supplied bycommercial vessels. Basically they try togauge the size of the stock from how hardfishermen are finding it to catch fish. If thereare fewer fish in the sea, the assumption is,fishermen will need more time to catch agivenamount.

That assumption proved badly wrong inNewfoundland, and last year it proved badlywrong in the North Sea, too. The problem is"technology creep": fishermen are alwaysgetting better at catching fish, by equippingtheir boats with better sonars or nets.

The scientific advice out of Copenhagenlast November was, essentially, to close thewhole North Sea to cod fishing. It may happenyet, unless European govemments can attackthe root of the problem: too many boatschasing too few fish.

The current crisis seems to have induced amood of resolution in Brussels. But inPeterhead, Scotland, the largest whitefish portin Europe, the mood last week was grim.Along the once prosperous fish docks, mendescended from generations of fishers talked ofnot taking their sons to sea, for fear they wouldget hooked on a career without a future.

Peterhead is building a new fish market onthe dockside, a sign of hope for the future - butin the old market the halls are half empty. "Weall want to conserve the fish, but they'reputting us out of business", said a Peterheadfisherman.

The sad thing is, that's exactly what needsto happen if the North Sea cod fishery is tosurvive at all. Everybody knows that now, orshould.

56


1. Give two groups of people who have recently reali sed that there are problems withfishing cod. (a, b)

2. What has happened to the market price of cod in the past few years?

3. Compared to 2000, what percentage of endangered fish may be caught in 2001?

4. What aspect do scientists and politicians take into consideration when makingdecisions about fishing quotas?

a) scientists:b) politicians:

5. When did the general state ofNorth Sea cod start changing for the worse?

6. What sources do scientists have in order to determine the number of fish? (a, b)

7. Are scientists right about the relation between the number of fish and the time neededto catch them? (Write only YESINO.)

8. Besides nets what equipment could be improved to increase the efficiency of fishing?

9. What is the core ofthe problem in fish ing cod?

10. What do fishermen think about their sons choosing the same job?

Answers in English

1. a) lb) 1 P

2. 1 P

3. 1 P

4. a) scientists: lb) politicians: 1 p

5. 1 p

6. a) lb) 1 P

7. 1 P

8. 1 P

9. 1 p

10. 1 P

Correct answers CD ,O x2 CD

57


REPAIRWORK

In 1996 Alan Watson Featherstone had anidea which made people smile at its simplisticaudacity: regenerate the Caledonian forests ofthe Scottish Highlands, which had beendenuded over the centuries of 99% of theirtrees. Since then, 1,000 volunteers in theorganisation he founded, Trees for life, haveplanted 500,000 Scots pines and nativebroadleaf trees, built fences to protect 150,000naturally regenerated native trees from grazingdeer, and won prizes for their efforts. NowFeatherstone has another idea: restore theEarth.

Ideally, he says, every country wouldlauneh projects to repair the damage sufferedover the decades by forests, lakes, oceans,marshes, urban and rurallandscapes. He wantsthe UN to declare this "the Century ofRestoring the Earth", inviting member states toearmark funds; employ rest oration workers,and order armies to plant trees and help cleanup the mess.

But Featherstone is not waiting for the UN.He and fellow members of the Findhorncommunity in Scotland, where he lives, willunilaterally declare the century of restoring theEarth on April 5 - the last day of aninternational conference which will launeh aglobal for est restoration information service.

About 150 activists and NGO* staff plan touse the conference to set up a network to linkexisting projects and make skills andexpenence available for new ones. Arestoration service will encourage volunteers tobecome involved. New projects will belaunched in places which have suffered theworst degradation, such as Madagascar, Haitiand the Sahel region of Africa.

Decades ago, while working amongdisplaced peasants in Latin America,Featherstone became a passionate opponent of

* NGO: non-governmental organization

conventional development and advocateddirect remedial action. His new project hasbeen endorsed by UNESCO and the UNEnvironment Programme (UNEP) and hehop es to get it on the agenda of theenvironment summit due to take place inJohannesburg next September.

Featherstone admits that his concerns haveless priority for govemments since the RioEarth Summit nine years ago. "People feel theworst predictions have come true," he says."Als o the corporate stranglehold overgovernments has tightened. So, while waitingfor governments and the UN to act, we've gotto get moving. Action and results willeventually be the most persuasive argument."

He is encouraged by success stories like thetropical dry evergreen forest established by theAuroville community in India, the subtropicalrainforest in northern New South Wales inAustralia and the reforestation in Costa Ricaand Vietnam.

The first application of Featherstone'sproject - the database of for est restoration - isdue to be aired at UNEP's World ConservationMonitoring Centre in Cambridge, and laterexpanded to include wetlands, mountainregions and oceans. Longer-term plans includea global resource base so that anyone can lookup their own country's needs, and opportunitiesfor voluntary action.

To Wlll high-profile UN support,Featherstone's project ne eds governmentsponsorship. Approaches have been made toSweden and Britain with no success.

Featherstone is undeterred and is nowarguing his case at international meetings.Setbacks have only strengthened his convictionthat fundamental change comes from thebotlom up.

58


1. What percentage of the original Caledonian forests has remained?

2. What is the name of the organisation Featherstone started ?

3. What endangers the new1y regenerated trees in Scotland?

4. Aceording to Featherstone shou1d the UN countries employ the military in forestrestoration? (Write only YES/NO.)

5. Besides starting a forest restoration information service mention another aim ofthe April conference.

6. Name a, one country with the biggest tree lossb, one country where the restoration work has had positive results.

7. Where will the next environment meeting be held?

8. Aceording to Featherstone what will surely convince people ofthe importance ofrestoration work? (a, b)

9. How many countries denied fmancial support?

10. How does Featherstone react to rejection?

Answers in English

1. 1 P

2. 1 P

3. 1 P

4. 1 P

5. 1 P

6. a) lb) 1 P

7. 1 P

8. a) lb) 1 P

9. 1 P

10. 1 P

Correct answers rn,Ox2 rn59

Reading Part 2 SET 5

CATCHING THE WINn

The natives of Lewis know wind -sometimes too weIL Every winter theAtlantic gales come blasting across thenorthern tip of Scotland's Outer Hebrides.The wind hardly slows down even afterstriking land; in the island's marshyinterior, gusts regularly exceed 160kph.Everyone keeps indoors but the sheep.Tourists arrive in summer, lured by mildtemperatures and unspoiled countryside;even so, there's rarely a calm day. "Theweather here is changeable", says NigelScott, spokesman for the local govemment."But the wind is constant."

The brutal elimate could fmally beLewis's salvation. The place has beengrowing poorer and more desolate forgenerations, as young people seek sunnierprospects elsewhere. But now the energyindustry has discovered the storm-sweptisland. The multinationals AMEC andBritish Energy are talking about plans toerect some 300 outsize wind turbinesacross a few thousand hectares ofmoorland and peat bog. If the 500-millionproject goes through, the array will beEurope' s largest wind farm, capable ofchurning out roughly 1 percent of Britain'stotal electrical needs - and generatingsome badly needed jobs and cash for thepeople of Lewis.

It sounds like the answer to a lot ofprayers - and not only on Lewis.Enthusiasts around the world call wind aperfect alternative to fossil fuels andnuclear power: safe, inexhaustible and free.For the last seven years the world marketfor wind turbines has grown by an averageof 40 percent annually. Last year alone,generating capacity worldwide jumped byaIrnost a third. Turbine makers are now

mass-producing giant machines. Today onestandard- issue turbine can produce at least1 megawatt of power, more than doublethe typical model's output of 20 years agoand enough to provide electricity for asmany as 800 modem households. And thenew turbines are not just bigger; they aresmarter. Best of aH for people who livenearby, improved design has cut noise to arelative whisper on the latest models.

Still, some nature lovers hate windpower. Turbines seem to hold a fatalattraction for birds, and the best sites forwind farms are often previously unspoiledhilltops. "We don't think aesthetics are anecological criterion", says Sven Tiske ofGreenpeace. "If we opposed a nuclearpower station just because it didn't lookgood, everyone would laugh.". Noteveryone. Ask Robert Woodward, a Britishart historian who campaigns against thespread of wind farming. His holidayresidence is in Wales, at the edge of theCambrian Mountains, and since the early1990s the view from the hillside above hishouse has encompassed more than 100turbines, all flailing out of sync. "Astaggeringly beautiful landscape is beingdevastated", says Woodward, who used tosupport environmentalist groups - untilwind power blew him away.

The people of Lewis are unmoved bysuch gripes. "This is all about preservingthe environment", says Nigel Scott, whomoved there seven years ago. "If we don'tgo down the wind energy road, in the longrun there won't be any habitats to protect."No one seems to be worried about turbinesspoiling the peat bog's vistas - or aboutwhat might happen if the winter galesshould ever tum gentle.

60


1. What is the most characteristic feature of the elimate of Lewis?

2. Why does the population of the island keep decreasing?

3. How much energy will the planned turbines be able to produce?

4. What will the project provide for the inhabitants of the island? (a, b)

5. Name two advantages ofwind energy. (a, b)

6. How much more energy can wind turbines produce now than in the 1990-ies?

7. How many families can a modem turbine serve?

8. Why are the latest turbines easier to tolerate for the people in their neighbourhood?

9. What are the disadvantages of even the most modem turbines? (a, b)

10. Which of the two environrnentalists do the inhabitants of Lewis agree with?

Answers in English

1. 1 P

2. 1 P

3. 1 P

4. a) b) Ip

5. a) b) Ip

6. Ip

7. Ip

8. 1 P

9. a) b) 1 P

10. 1 P

Correct answers IT] ,Ox2 IT]

61

Translation


Ebben a feladatban a közvetítői készséget mérjük. A feladat körülbelül 250 szavas angol

nyelvű cikk magyarra fordítása. Ez azt jelenti, hogy tartalmában és stílusában is

maradéktalanul vissza kell adni aszöveget.

A kulcsok között mindegyik szöveghez talál egy-egy fordítási mintát a 83-87. oldalakon.

Hogyan dolgozzon?

• Olvassa végig az egész szöveget, próbálja nagy vonalakban megérteni a cikk

mondanivalóját. Ehhez ne használjon szótárt.

• Olvassa el a szöveget még egyszer és közben húzza alá azokat a szavakat,

amelyeket később meg akar nézni a szótárban.

• Mondatról mondatra haladva fordítsa le a szöveget, a szótárban megnézett

szavakat ne írja ki külön lapra, hanem a feladatlapon a szóhoz kapcsolva írja fel a

jelentést. Így nem szakad el a szövegtől, a szótárban található számos jelentés és

árnyalat közül a leginkább odai11őttudja kiválasztani.

• Figyeljen az összetett mondatok tagolására, a fó- és mellékmondatokra.

• Ne feledje, hogya szöveg nem egymástól független mondatok halmaza, tehát az

angol szöveg összefüggéseit a magyar fordításnak is tükröznie kell.

• Az eredeti szöveg tagolását (bekezdéseit) őrizze meg a saját fordításában is.

• Ha befejezte a fordítást, nézze át egy magyar olvasó szemével. Ellenőrizze, hogya

szöveg könnyen olvasható, érthető legyen, és a gondolatok kapcsolódjanak

egymáshoz. Az elkészült szöveget ellenőrizze helyesírási szempontból is.

• Legalább egy fordításnál használja a vizsgán szokásos mintaválaszlapot, amit a

69-70. oldalon talál.

Erre a feladatra körülbelül 50 - 55 percet szánjon.

64

Értékelés:

Kommunikatív érték: a vizsgázó a szöveg et lényegi tartalmi veszteség nélkül

lefordította, fordításában nincs a szöveg nagyobb gondolati egységeit vagy egészét

befolyásoló félrefordítás vagy kihagyás. Maximális pontszám: 5 x 3 pont = 15 pont

Szöveghűség: a fordított szöveg részleteit tekintve is híven tükrözi az eredetit, a

fordításban nincs (általában) mondatrész vagy szó szintű, a szöveg egészét nem

befolyásoló félrefordítás vagy kihagyás. Maximális pontszám: 5 x 2 pont = 10 pont

Általános benyomás: a létrehozott szöveg milyen benyomást kelt a magyar

olvasóban. Maximális pontszám: 5 x 1pont = 5 pont


65

Translation Set 1

Translate the following text into Hungarian.

COUCH POTATO* CHILDREN RISKING HEAL TH

Young "couch potatoes"* are at risk of developing heart disease when they are older, the

British Heart Foundation** wams. It says unless children exercise more and foUow a

healthier diet, the number of people dying prematurely from coronary heart disease will rise in

the future. A report by the foundation reveals that more than a third of children in England

and Wales do not reach even minimum recornrnended exercise levels, with teenage girls being

particularly inactive.

Despite years of active campaigning to raise awareness of the risks, experts say the message is

still not hitting home. Obesity is recognised as a growing problem among youngsters, who

often spend hours in front of the TV or computer and have a passion for junk food.

Health Education Authority*** guidelines recornrnend that children between the ages of 5

and 18 should take at least one hour of moderately intense activity - such as cycling, running

or dancing - every day. But prirnary schools in England and Wales have halved the amount of

time aUocated to physical education in the last five years. Moreover, secondary schools in

Britain faU behind schools on the continent: only a third of children in secondary schools get

two or more hours a week of PE, compared to 46% in 1994.

The British Heart Foundation wams that unless children's habits change, the problem will be

exacerbated in the future.

*"couch potato": tohonya**British Heart Foundation: Brit Szív Alapítvány

***Health Education Authority: Egészségnevelési Hivatal

66

Translation Set 2


ICEMAN'S MYSTERIOUS DEATH

In 1991 a 5,300-year-old "Iceman" was discovered in the ltalian Alps. Scientists initially

presumed that the Stone Age man, nicknamed Otzi, was caught in a storm and froze to death.

But another team of scientists state that Otzi's case instead has become the world's oldest

murder case.

Otzi's frozen and naturally mummified body bec ame a worldwide sensation after two

mountain climbers stumbled upon it in a glacier on an Alpine pass joining ltaly and Austria.

Nearby artifacts included a copper blade axe, a bear skin cap, shoes of bear skin and woven

grass, and a quiver of arrows.

In 2001, an ltalian radiologist found an arrowhead embedded in Otzi's shoulder. He had been

shot from behind but the attackers managed to pull out only the shaft. This discovery led

researchers to look for more evidence of a fatal fight.

They examined his hand and found a deep gash that had been missed in previous

examinations. Then another cut was found on his left hand and bruises on the torso, as if Otzi

had been badly beaten.

ADNA specialist was also involved to look for microscopic blood samples that might belong

to the attackers. Blood from one person was found on the back of Otzi's cloak, and blood

from two other people was found on one of his arrows in his quiver. Blood from a fourth

person was found on the knife.

Scientists plan to look for more bodies where Otzi was found.

67

Translation Set 3


CLEVER THIEVES

Man's best friend is smarter than many people think, say researchers in Germany. Although

dogs can't quite read our minds, they seem to know what we can see.

Joseph Call and his colleagues in Leipzig tested dogs to see if they behave differently when

they are being watched. Researchers placed treats* in front of the dogs, and forbade each

animal to eat the food. As long as the person remained in the room, the dogs rarely went for

the food. But if the person left the room, the dogs scoffed** the treat within five seconds.

They tested the dog's behaviour in greater detaiL In tests on six dogs, they found that the dogs

stole twice as much food when the person was not looking directly at them. If someone was

keeping an eye on the dog, then in 75 per cent of cases the dog would take an "indirect"

approach - wandering around the room before eating it. If the human was distracted by a

computer game, the figure dropped to 24 per cent.

This may mean that dogs are able to figure out what humans can see, suggests Call. It's a far

cry from the belief that all dog behaviour is govemed by automatic, learned responses.

Instead, dogs may have flexible minds that can piece together past experiences and rules to

produce solutions to new problems.

*treats: ínyencfalat

**scoffed: mohón felfal

68

Translation Set 4


IS ATHLETICS SWALLOWING SUPPLlES OF VITAL DRUGS?

Drug abuse by sportsmen and women in the US is now so widespread that more human

growth hormone is sold on the black market than is used to treat people with congenital

dwarfism.

In a new report, the Association of Clinical Endocrinologists* estimates that 60% of the

human growth hormone sold in the USA is being siphoned off for illicit purposes. Most of

this abuse is by athletes, to boost their physiques. Other people are taking the drug in the hope

that it will delay ageing, while some parents are giving it to medically normal children to

boost their height.

The report was issued just days before the death, apparently from heart problems, of sprint

star Florence Griffith Joyner. Griffith Joyner, who was just 38, had been widely suspected of

using drugs.

Hossein Gharib of the Mayo Clinic, who wrote the report, wams that the high doses of growth

hormone taken by some athletes could cause heart disease.

Apart from the effects on their own health, athletes can cause difficulties for legitimate

patients. "We are afraid if growth hormone is used by people who do not need it, the supply

may not be adequate," says Gharib.

Currently, fewer than 10,000 people in the US are being legitimately prescribed human

growth hormone. Gharib estimates that a further 65,000 might benefit from it. The main

obstac1e is that doctors fail to put patients forward for this treatment, he says.

*Association of Clinical Endocrinologists: Klinikai Endokrinológusok Szövetsége

69

Translation Set 5


EVERGREEN

Global warming may be to blame for recent brutal heat waves and deadly storms. But at least

our plants have been enjoying the weather. Aceording to a study published last week in

Science, regional elimate changes over the past two decades have brought about a 6 percent

increase in plant growth around the world, from tropical plants in the Amazon* to tundra

shrubs in the colder parts of the world. Rising temperatures, increased rainfalI and decreased

cloud-cover all have played a part, explains the study's co-author, Ramakrisna Nemani of the

University ofMontana. "Climate completely changes how plants respond," says Nemani.

Sponsored by NASA and the U.S. Department** of Energy, researchers used nearly 20 years

of climatic and satellite data to chart the warming trend's effect on plant growth. As the world

baked - the '80s and '90s were the two warmest decades - the vegetation flourished. In the

Amazon*, for instance, decreased c1oud-cover alIowed more sunlight to reach plants like

periwinkle***, whose extract is used to treat cancer. In North America, warmer air

temperatures lengthened the growing season for tundra shrubs.

Despite these positive effects, c1imate change could well cast a shadow on plant life in the

long term. Scientists argue that continued growth could disrupt fragile ecosystems that have

existed for thousands of years; for example because of their increased growth climber plants

could entirely smother the taller trees they usualIy adom.

*Amazon: Amazonas-medence (itt)**Department: Ministry (US)

***periwinkle: meténg

70

Translation Candidate Answer Sheet

Date: ------------------

71

Communic

Content va

Overall im

ative value

x2=x3=

lidity

pression xl=

72

Keys

Writing Parts 1-2 SET 1

Part 1 - THE FLORA DANCE

1. who

2. until

3. this

4. such

5. however

6. is

7. of

8. their

9. most

10. its

11. alI

12. those

13. to

14. then

15. behind

16. through

17. like

18. has

19. every

20. even

Part 2 - MAISIE McDONALD ... / AN EXTREMELY ...

A B C A B C21. X 31. X22. X 32. X23. X 33. X24. X 34. X25. X 35. X26. X 36. X27. X 37. X28. X 38. X29. X 39. X

30. X 40. X

74

A B C41. X

42. X43. X44. X45. X

46. X47. X48. X49. X

50. X


Part 1 - A JOURNEY BY TUBE

1. as

2. had

3. to

4. never

5. therefore

6. after

7. both

8. from

9. who

10. however

11. several

12. was

13. but

14. so as

15. when

16. by

17. of

18. so that

19. that

20. in

Part 2 - GUINEA PIG / THE FIRST ... / WINDSURFING

A B C21. X22. X23. X24. X25. X26. X27. X28. X29. X

30. X

A B C31. X

32. X33. X34. X

35. X

36. X37. X38. X39. X40. X

75

A B C41. X

42. X43. X44. X45. X

46. X47. X48. X49. X50. X


Part 1 - DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING, JR.

1. that2. which

3. and

4. as

5. had6. to7. of

8. however

9. his

10. when

11. it

12. on

13. a

14. further

15. during

16. many

17. even

18. were

19. because of

20. was

Part 2 - FISH SCULPUTRES / SPAIN TREATS ...

A B C21. X22. X23. X24. X25. X26. X27. X28. X29. X

30. X

A B C31. X32. X33. X34. X35. X36. X37. X38. X39. X

40. X

76

A B C41. X42. X43. X44. X45. X46. X47. X48. X49. X50. X


Part 1 - MEN'S EASY GUIDE ....

1. one

2. of

3. there

4. their

5. any

6. is

7. into

8. your

9. doesn't

10. maybe

11. another

12. never

13. less

14. would

15. should

16. if

17. something

18. to be

19. like

20. yourself

Part 2 - A MICHIGAN TRUCK DRIVER ... / HEAL THY KIDS

A B C21. X

22. X23. X24. X25. X

26. X27. X28. X29. X

30. X

A B C31. X

32. X33. X34. X

35. X

36. X37. X38. X39. X40. X

77

A B C41. X42. X43. X44. X45. X46. X47. X48. X49. X50. X


Part 1- FAMILY TRADITION

1. at

2. has

3. is

4. whom

5. when

6. her

7. from

8. to

9. had

10. and

11. as

12. that

13. which

14. its

15. be

16. also

17. while

18. will

19. mu ch

20. alI

Part 2 - FIREMAN ... / US TE EN SAILOR ... / "PICK YOUR OWN" ...

A B C21. X

22. X23. X24. X25. X

26. X27. X28. X29. X30. X

A B C31. X32. X33. X34. X35. X

36. X

37. X38. X

39. X40. X

78

A B C41. X

42. X43. X44. X45. X

46. X47. X48. X49. X

50. X

Writing Part 3 Set O

MODEL 1 (BARÁTI LEVÉL)

09/0312009DearTom,

I'm sorry for not having written for so long. As you know, I spent four weeks

completing my practical training as a vet in January. I met a lot of experts in surgery. What's

more, I had the opportunity of getting to know one of the foremost Hungarian sportsmen.

You might have heard of András Hargitay, who won the gold medal in the 1964

Olympics. After retiring from competitive swimming he started work as a vet and he's been

working ever since at the Lehel Animal Clinic, where I met him. He is a good-looking man,

taU and weU-built. He usually wears jeans and T-shirts. He is an amusing person, and in spite

ofhis sporting successes he remains very modest. I've always admired people who can behave

in such a natural way. We could always tum to him if we had any professional queries and he

was always willing to help. If only you could meet him one day.

Do you think you'Il to be able to visit me this summer?

I'm looking forward to hearing from you and, hopefully, seeing you before too long.

Love

Juli

79

MODEL 2 (HIVATALOS LEVÉL)

Au -pair Agency25, Black Bridge RoadWS53HHLondon

Dear Sir or Madam,

8, Royal StreetWS45HHLondon

21 st April 2009

My name is Julia Balla and 1 have been working at the Pattersons for two months. 1 am

writing now because 1would like to change families.

When 1 got this job 1 was told that 1 would have to take care of two children: a 5-year-

old girl and a 7-year-old boy. However, by the time 1 arrived Mrs. Patterson had just had a

new baby. 1 was informed that my duties would include taking care of the baby, too. 1 know

nothing about babies. Nevertheless, 1 have been trying to do my best. Yesterday was the last

straw. The seven-year-old fell into the swimming pool while 1 was feeding the baby and the

parents were watching TV. The Pattersons blamed me for not taking proper care of the

children. 1 do not think it is fair.

1 have not been able to get on with Mrs. Patterson at all because she is always trying to

make me do things that are not in my job description; such as cooking or cleaning.

1 am asking you to help me fmd a new family. 1 just want to do the things an au-pair

usually has to do and to have my day off, which 1was unable to do over the past months.

1 should be grateful if you could fmd me a new position as soon as possible. 1 look

forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully

Julia Balla

80

Reading Part 1 Sets 1-5

MY SCOTLAND ...

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.E B F C D

KIDS ...

I ~ I ~ I ~ I :; I ~ I

COUPLES FREE ...

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.E F A D B

SCHOOL'S OUT ...

A SURVEY ...

81


PREHISTORIC CAT LOVERS

Answers in English

1. the domestication of cats Ip

2. to control rats and mice 1 p

3. owners shaved off their eyebrows Ip

4. about 9,500 years ago Ip

5. yes Ip

6. Syria / Turkey / Israel Ip

7. to find new land Ip

8. any two: face was bigger / teeth were bigger / limbs were long er Ip

9. eight months old 1 p

10. (min.) 2 Ip

BENDYBUS ...

Answers in English

1. double-deckers were to be replaced by bendy buses Ip

2. less than half / 40-50 % 1 P

3. a) 3 doors used for entering lb) tickets should be bought in advance Ip

4. 2 Ip

5. increasing passenger volumes Ip

6. any two: safety / less vulnerable to vandalism / comfort / smooth ride Ip

7. tourist industry Ip

8. Waterloo Ip

9. manoeuvrability / they are as manoeuvrable as double-deckers Ip

10. a) The National Federation of Bus Users lb) London Transport Users Committee Ip

82


WHYTHECOD ...

Answers in English

1. any two: fishermen! scientists/ fish eaters 1 p

2. it has increased 1 p

3. 60% 1 P

a) scientists: long-term interests / maintaining the stocks4. 1 P

b) politicians: short-term interests / keeping the industry alive

5. nearly 30 years ago 1 p

6. a) their own research surveys lb) catch data of commercial vessels 1 p

7. no 1 p

8. sonars 1 p

9. too many boats, too few fish 1 p

10. they are pessimistic about their sons' future 1 p

REPAIRWORK

Answers in English

1. 1% 1 P

2. Trees for Life 1 p

3. graz ing deer 1 p

4. yes 1 p

5. dec1aring the century of restoring the earth / setting up a network to link existing1 p

projects / making skills and experience available for new projects

6. a) Madagascar/Haiti/Scotlandb) India!Australia! Costa Rica!

1 pVietnamlScotland

7. Johannesburg 1 p

8. a) action b) results 1 p

9. 2 1 P

10. he is undeterredlhe is arguing his case at international conferences 1 p

83

--------------------------------------


CATCHING THE WIND

Answers in English

1. (constant) wind 1 p

2. because of poverty / young people leave the island 1 p

3. 1% ofBritain's (total electrical) needs 1 p

4. a) jobs lb) money 1 p

5. any two: safe / free / inexhaustible 1 p

6. (more than) twice as much 1 p

7. about 800 1 p

8. theyare less noisy 1 p

9. a) they kill birds lb) they spoil the countryside 1 p

10. Sven Tiske 1 p

84

Translation Set 1

A tohonya gyerekek veszélyeztetik az egészségüket

A Brit Szív Alapítvány arra figyelmeztet, hogy a fiatal, tohonya gyerekek annak a veszélynek

vannak kitéve, hogy idősebb korukra szívbetegek lesznek. Az alapítvány azt állítja, hogy

amennyiben a gyerekek nem végeznek több testmozgást, valamint nem táplálkoznak

egészségesebben, a jövőben növekedni fog a szívkoszorúér megbetegedésben fiatalon

elhalálozók száma. Az alapítvány által készített egyik jelentés feltárja, hogy Angliában és

Walesben a gyerekeknek több mint egyharmada nem végzi el az ajánlott testmozgás

minimumát sem, a tizenéves lányok pedig különösen keveset mozognak.

Az évek óta folyó aktív kampány ellenére, melynek célja, hogy felhívja a figyelmet a

(mozgásszegény életmódból eredő egészségügyi) kockázatra, a szakértők szerint a

figyelmeztetés még mindig nem ért célba. Jól ismert, hogy az elhízás egyre növekvő probléma

a fiatalok körében, akik gyakran órákat töltenek a televízió és a számítógép előtt, és nagyon

kedvelik az egészségtelen ételeket.

Az Egészségnevelési Hivatal irányelveiben azt javasolja, hogy az 5 és 18 év közötti gyerekek

naponta legalább egy órán át végezzenek mérsékelten megterhelő testmozgást, pl.

kerékpározzanak, fussanak vagy táncoljanak. Angliában és Walesben azonban az elmúlt öt

évben a felére csökkentették a testnevelési órákra szánt időt az általános iskolákban. Ráadásul

a brit középiskolák lemaradtak a kontinens iskolái mögött: a középiskolás tanulók csak 33

százalékának van heti két vagy több testnevelés órája, az 1994-es 46 százalékkal szemben.

A Brit Szív alapítvány arra figyelmeztet, hogy ha a gyerekek nem változtatnak a szokásaikon,

a jövőben a probléma csak súlyosabb lesz.

85

Translation Set 2

A jégbe fagyott ember titokzatos halála

1991-ben egy 5300 éves ,jégbe fagyott embert" találtak az olasz Alpokban. A tudósok

kezdetben azt feltételezték, hogya kőkorszaki ember, akit Otzinak neveztek el, viharba került

és halálra fagyott. De egy másik tudóscsoport azt állítja, hogy ami Otzival tötént, az inkább a

világ legrégebbi gyilkossági ügye.

Otzi megfagyott és természetes úton mumifikálódott teste világ szenzációvá vált, miután egy

Olaszország és Ausztria közötti alpesi átjáróban két hegymászó egy gleccserben rábukkant. A

test közelében talált tárgyak közt volt egy rézpengéjű balta, egy medvebőr sapka,

medvebőrből készült fiífonatos cipők és egy íjakkal teli tegez.

200l-ben egy olasz radiológus egy nyílhegyet fedezett fel Otzi vállába fúródva. Otzit hátulról

lőtték le, de a támadóknak csak a nyíl szárát sikerült kihúzniuk. Ez a felfedezés a kutatókat

arra ösztönözte, hogy további bizonyítékokat keressenek, melyek egy halálos kimenetelű

küzdelemre utalnak.

Megvizsgálták a kezét, és egy olyan mély vágást találtak rajta, mely a korábbi vizsgálatok

során elkerülte a figyelmüket. Aztán egy másik vágást találtak a bal kezén és olyan

zúzódásokat a testen, mintha Otzit súlyosan bántalmazták volna.

Ezután egy DNS specialistát is bevontak a kutatásba, hogy keressen olyan mikroszkópikus

vérmintákat, melyek a támadóktól származhattak. Egy ember vémyomát megtalálták Otzi

köpenyének hátán, két másik embertől származó vémyomot találtak a tokban levő egyik

nyílvesszőn. A késen egy negyedik ember vémyomát találták.

A tudósok azt tervezik, hogy további holttesteket keresnek ott, ahol Otzit megtalálták.

86

Translation Set 3

Ügyes tolvajok

Német kutatók azt állítják, hogy az ember legjobb barátja okosabb, mint sokan gondolnák.

Habár a kutyák nem tudnak olvasni a gondolatainkban, azt - úgy tűnik - tudják, hogy mit

látunk.

Joseph Call és kollégái Lipcsében kutyákon végeztek megfigyeléseket arra nézve, hogy vajon

máshogy viselkednek-e a kutyák, ha nézik őket. A kutatók egymás után tettek a kutyák elé

ínyencfalatokat, és megtiltották nekik, hogy megegyék azokat. Amíg valaki a szobában volt, a

kutyák csak ritkán mentek oda az ételhez. De ha a megfigyelő kiment a szobából, a kutyák 5

másodpercen belül mohón felfalták a fmom falatot.

A kutyák viselkedését részletesebben is megvizsgálták. 6 kutya vizsgálata azt az eredményt

hozta, hogya kutyák kétszer annyi ételt csentek el, ha nem néztek rájuk. Ha valaki figyelte a

kutyát, az esetek 75 százalékában a kutya elkerülő hadműveletet alkalmazott - először

körbejárt a szobában, s csak azután falta fel a finomságot. Ha a megfigyelő személy valami

komputeres játékkal foglalkozott, csak 24%-uk alkalmazta ezt a taktikát.

Call szerint ez azt jelentheti, hogya kutyák ki tudják következtetni, mit láthatnak az emberek.

Ez a megállapítás messze van attól a feltételezéstől, hogya kutyák viselkedését automatikus,

tanult minták irányítják. Ehelyett a kutyáknak valószínűleg rugalmas gondolkodásmódjuk

van, mely az új problémákat a múltból származó tapasztalatok és megtanult szabályok

összekapcsolásával oldja meg.

87

Translation Set 4

A sport felszippantja a fontos gyógyszerkészleteket?

Az USA-ban annyira elterjedt a sportolók körében az illegális szerek használata, hogy már

több humán növekedési hormont árulnak a feketepiacon, mint amennyit a veleszületett

törpeségben szenvedők kezelésére használnak.

Egy beszámolójában a Klinikai Endokrinológusok Szövetsége úgy becsli, hogy az USA-ban

eladott humán növekedési hormon 60 %-át meg nem engedett célokra használják. A legtöbb

visszaélést sportolók követik el azért, hogy erősítsék fizikumukat. Mások az öregedési

folyamat lelassítását remélik a szerektől, néhány szülő pedig azért szedeti orvosilag normál

fizikumu gyermekével, hogy magasabbra nőjön.

A beszámoló pár nappal azelőtt látott napvilágot, hogy elhunyt Florence Griffith Joyner

rövidtávfutó. Halálát minden bizonnyal szívproblémák okozták. Griffith Joyner csak 38 éves

volt és sokan gyanították, hogy doppingol.

A beszámoló szerzője, a Mayo klinikán dolgozó Hossein Gharib arra figyelmeztet, hogya

sportolók által nagy dózisban szedett növekedési hormon szívbetegséget okozhat.

A sportolók saját egészségük károsításán kívül a valódi betegeknek is nehézséget okozhatnak.

"Attól félünk, hogy esetleg nem lesz elég növekedési hormon, ha olyanok is szedik, akiknek

nincs is rá szükségük", állítja Gharib.

Az USA-ban jelenleg 10 ezer fó alatt van azoknak a száma, akiknek jogosan írnak fel humán

növekedési hormont. Gharib becslései szerint további 65 ezer embemek lenne szüksége erre a

szerre. Szerinte a legnagyobb problémát az okozza, hogy az orvosok nem ajánlják ezt a

kezelési módot a betegeknek.

88

Translation Set 5

Örökzöld

Az utóbbi időben előforduló hőhullámokért és halálos erejű viharokért a globális

felmelegedés okolható. De legalább a növényeink jól érzik magukat ilyen időjárásban. A múlt

héten a Science magazinban közreadott tanulmány szerint a regionális éghajlati változások

mintegy hat százalékos növekedést eredményeztek a növények fejlődésében az elmúlt két

évtized során az egész világon, az Amazonas-medence trópusi növényeitől kezdve a világ

hidegebb részein található tundrák cserjéiig. Az emelkedő hőmérséklet, a nagyobb

mennyiségű csapadék és a vékonyabb felhőtakaró mind közrejátszottak ebben, magyarázta a

tanulmány társszerzője, Ramakrisna Nemani a Montanai Egyetemről. ,,Az éghajlat teljes

mértékben megváltoztatja a növények reakcióit", mondta Nemani.

A NASA és az amerikai Energiaügyi Minisztérium által szponzorált kutatás során a kutatók

közel 20 évnyi éghajlati és műholdas adatot használtak fel arra, hogy feltérképezzék a

felmelegedési tendenciák hatását a növények fejlődésére. Mialatt a világ megsült a forróságtól

- a 80-as és a 90-es évek volt a két legmelegebb évtized - a növényzet buján fejlődött. Az

Amazonas-medencében például a vékonyabb felhőtakaró lehetővé tette, hogy több napfény

érje az olyan növényeket, mint a meténg, amelynek kivonatát a rák kezelésére használják.

Észak-Amerikában a melegebb levegő meghosszabbította a tundrán élő cserjék növekedési

időszakát.

Ezen pozitív hatások ellenére hosszú távon az éghajlat akár negatív hatással is lehet a

növények életére. A tudósok azzal érvelnek, hogy az évezredek óta létező törékeny

ökoszisztémákat a tartós növekedés szétrombolhatja; például a kúszónövények fokozott

növekedésük miatt teljes mértékben megfojthatják a magasabb fákat, amelyeket rendszerint

ékesítenek.

89

My Results

Writin Parts 1 and 2/ 1ELERT PONTSZAM RAFORDITOTT IDOFELADAT

Writing Parts 1 and 2/ 2Writing Parts 1 and 2/ 3Writing Parts 1 and 2/ 4Writing Parts 1 and 2/ 5

Readin Part 1/ 1Reading Part 1/ 2Reading Part 1/ 3Reading Part 1/ 4Reading Part 1/ 5

Readin Part 2/ 1Reading Part 2/ 2Readin Part 2/ 3Reading Part 2/ 4Reading Part 2/ 5

Writing Part 3/ 1BECSÜLT PONTSZAM RAFORDITOTT IDOFELADAT

Writing Part 3/2Writing Part 3/ 3Writing Part 3/4Writin Part 3/ 5

Translation 1BECSÜLT PONTSZAM RAFORDITOTT IDOFELADAT

Translation 2

Translation 4Translation 3

Translation 5

90

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