Boot Camp PPT August 21 - Provincial Health Services …€¢ Facilitate out exercise in larger group ... BootCamp Healthcare Education ... • Our desire to embark on a branding framework

Facilitator’s Overview

Overall Goals:

Participants will be taken through the following workshop sections: • The legal framework for Occupational Health and Safety (OHS), the Workers

Compensation Act (WCA), WorkSafeBC Regulation and Collective Agreements. • Clarify roles and responsibilities of a Joint Occupational Health and Safety

Committee (JOHSC) and its members. • Understand the joint process, the right to know, the right to participate, the right to

refuse unsafe work and the right to no discriminatory action. • Learn how to research information to support JOHSC activities. • Learn how to identify key OHS issues at your workplace and use this to develop a

JOHSC strategy with goals, objectives, and timelines. • Learn and use a 6 step problem-solving process • Inspection and Investigation overview • Learn how to facilitate actions to resolve OHS issues.

Glossary of Images: The following icons are found throughout the facilitator overview and guide:

Group Work

Video

Flip-charting

Lecture/ Discussion

Break Time

Agenda & Timing Introduction: 30 Minutes (08:30 – 09:00)

Slides Notes Special 1 2 3 4 5

Introduce self OHSAH’s Mission Introductions-expectations Housekeeping Go through binder, remember the personal action plan at the front of the book Guidelines for session

6,7

Learning objectives

8

Activity (15 min) • Divide participants into small groups • Have each participant using the body maps located on

page 5 of the participant guide mark where they individually hurt at the end of their personal work day.

• Have participants discuss there body maps with their group

• Have groups apply dots to the large body maps so that there is a body map for the whole workshop

• Facilitate out exercise in larger group discussion • *Keep participants in same groups for next

exercise

Health and Safety framework/Roles and Responsibilities, Rights 60 Minutes (09:00 – 10:00)

Slides Notes Special 9 Activity (20-30 minutes)

• In small groups • Have participants discuss 3 accomplishments for

committee • Have participants discuss 3 issues they are working on

• Select someone from your group to report the discussion. Accomplishments: • Go around the class and ask each group to report one accomplishment.

• Do the same for the 2nd and 3rd accomplishment • Flip chart answers

Issues or concerns: • Again go around groups to list one concern; continue

till all concerns listed • Flip chart answers – encourage discussion!

10 Historical perspective *keep this section short

11 Purpose of the Workers Compensation Act

12 WorkSafe website Multilayered slide, Click once to move ahead

13 Common themes in the regulations

14 Workers legal rights

15 OH & S Roles and Responsibilities

Understand the joint process, the right to know, the right to participate, the right to refuse unsafe work and the right to no discriminatory action. 60 Minutes (10:15 – 11:15)

Slides Notes Special 16 Attributes of an effective committee

17 Joint Committee has multiple roles

18-21 Activity (20 minutes) • Break into 4 groups or multiples or 4 • Assign each group a slide out of the 4 slides (18-21) for

section 130 to discuss • How do/could they accomplish the duty or functions,

and provide examples from own workplace – • Have each group report back

22 Activity (15 mins) • Divide participants into groups • Have them discuss the 3 questions • Have a recorder write ideas on a flip chart for

reporting back.

23-28 Highlights of the Act

29,30 Healthcare related regulations

Learn how to research information to support JOHSC activities. 45 Minutes (11:15 – 12.00)

Slides Notes Special 31 Practicing Research skills

Activity (30 min) • Have participants use the Common Resources and the Regulation Books provided to the class (participants can take home Reg Books but remind them they should consult Worksafe’s website for up-to-date regulations.)

• Have participants turn to page 22 and find 15 small scenarios in the Participant’s Guide

• Have participants use the sections outlined on page 16 and 21 Participant Guide for guidance. (Answers are on page 55-58 in the Resource Pages)

32 Questions and summary

Learn and use a 6 step problem-solving process 30 Minutes (13:00 – 13:30)

Slides Notes Special 33,34 6 Step problem-solving process

35 Step 1- OH & S issue identification Activity (15 min)

• Divide into 3 groups or multiples of 3 • Have each group discuss one of the questions. • Report back to whole group • Have full group discussion

36 Step 2- Hazard identification and Risk Assessment

37

Health Hazards and Safety Hazards

38 Accident Ration

39 Identify Hazard and Risk

Six steps to Problem Solving: 60 Minutes (13:30 – 14:30)

Slides Notes Special 40 Basic Elements of Risk Assessing

Activity (15 min)

• In groups have participants look at the list of hazards on page 31 of the Participant's Guide

• How would participants prioritize? high, medium or low.

• What other information do participants need? • What kinds of questions would be asked

• Factors that need to be looked at when assessing the risk? Refer to p. 30 PG for Regulations that require a Risk Assessment.

41,42 Step 3- Principles of Control

43 Generating Possible Controls

44 Activity (30 minutes) • Have participants break into groups • Assign one scenario to each group from the 8 scenarios

for hazard evaluation and control on page 33-34 Participants Guide .

• Using the Risk Reduction Planning worksheet: identify hazards, assess risks, and pick high risk situations to generate controls.

• Work as a group to devise solutions for each type of hazard

• Tell participants to be prepared to share their ideas • Brainstorm the best possible solutions. • Don’t get hung up on the “we don’t have enough

money to do that”. Explore all possibilities. Have a look at what would be practical and what would not.

• Have the groups report out on their ideas • Debrief as a large group

Implementation of Controls/Recommendations/ Resolving OH & S issues : 45 Minutes (14:45 – 15:30)

Slides Notes Special 45 Step 4- Implementation of controls

46-48 Recommendations

49 Activity (10 min) • Get participants to choose an appropriate control

from the previous exercise that the committee can implement itself.

• On the action plan worksheet, page 38, briefly describe the OHS issue and the solution/corrective action the committee would like implemented.

• Work as a group to determine the steps required to implement a solution.

• Have a brief larger group discussion

50 Writing Recommendations Activity (20mins)

• Have groups work through their scenario and write a formal recommendation to control the hazards

• Report back any issues or tips in writing the recommendations

• Use the sample sheet found on page 40 of the Participant Guide.

• Point out the guide located on page 41-42.

51 Recommendation review

52,53 Resolving OH & S issues

Follow up/Continues improvement/Investigations & Inspections/Goal setting/Summary/Closing: 60 Minutes (15:30 – 16:30)

Slides Notes Special 54 Step 5- Evaluation and follow up

55 Step 6- Continuous Improvement

56 What else does a joint committee do

57 Compare Investigations and Inspections

58,59 Goal setting Activity (30 min)

• In participant groups refer to accomplishment and issues activity on slide 9 (p. 6) or write three new concerns sheet located on page 47.

• Brainstorm goals use Possible Goals for our JOHSC worksheet, page 48.

• Complete the Goal Action Plan worksheet, page 49. • See example of a completed possible goals worksheet

and a completed action plan in on, page 68 and 70. • Report back to group if time permits.

60 Improving committee effectiveness

61 Summary

62,63 Evaluations and Closing

Occupational Health & Safety Agency for Healthcare in BC

“Making healthcare a healthier place to work.”

OH&S Joint Committee BootCamp

Healthcare Education & Learning Program (HELP)

• Welcome participants to BootCamp!

• Introduce yourself and give a brief history of your OHS and healthcare experience.

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Healthcare Education & Learning Program

OHSAH’s Mission

• To work with all members of the healthcare community to develop guidelines and programs designed to promote better health and safety practices and safe early return-to-work.

• To promote pilot programs and facilitate the sharing of best practices.

• To develop new measures to assess the effectiveness of programs and innovations in this area.

• For almost 10 years, OHSAH has remained committed to its mission, demonstrated leadership in the development of programs and innovations, and is currently embarking on new strategies to deepen its relationships with stakeholders, and increase its knowledge transfer activities to continue to deliver innovative approaches to workplace health and safety issues. It is also currently working monitor the state of healthcare in BC and measure the impact of its work. • Our desire to embark on a branding framework strategy is fuelled by the deliverable to measure OHSAH’s impact. • Thanks to you and those before you, OHSAH enjoys many successes and begins this project with strength, organizational focus and positive energy.

History of OHSAH• OHSAH is a non profit occupational health and safety agency for the BC healthcare sector which began in 1998 in a bipartite agreement between healthcare employers and unions.• Jointly governed by a Board made up of employers and healthcare unions including: BCNU, HEU, BCGEU, and the HSA• Gather, evaluate, and distribute workplace health and safety information and do research to identify best practices to enhanceworkplace health and safety.• OHSAH’s goal is to reduce workplace injuries and illnesses in healthcare workers and return injured workers back to the job in a timely and safe manner.

Instructors Note:Have samples/order forms available of OHSAH materials.Let participants know that they can order booklets and posters.Note OHSAH’s website: www.ohsah.bc.ca

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Healthcare Education & Learning Program 3

Introductions

• Your name• Your workplace and job• What OH&S courses have you taken

previously?• Comments about expectations for

the day

• Ask participants to introduce themselves• Have participants relate expectations for the day• Flip chart expectation responses

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Housekeeping• Washrooms and exits• Parking• Sign-in sheet• Cell phones/pagers• Name badges• Course materials• Emergency procedures • Breaks and lunch

Discuss slide

Review of course material• Review sections in Participants Guide• Point out Personal Action Plan, talk about its uses• Let class know that you will be asking them to talk about an item off of their personal action plan at the end of the day.

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Session Guidelines• Be on time, especially when returning from breaks. • Turn pagers and cell phones to vibrate or off.• We welcome and encourage your participation. • Respect the contributions of others. • Only one person speaks at a time.• Respect confidentiality. • Acknowledge and value diversity.• Feel free to move and stretch as needed. • There is no such thing as a stupid question.

Remember to have fun

• Review the ground rules if needed • Would participants like to add to this, flipchart responses if any.

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Learning Objectives• The legal framework for Occupational Health

and Safety (OHS), the Workers Compensation Act (WCA), WorkSafeBC Regulation and Collective Agreements.

• Clarify roles and responsibilities of a Joint Occupational Health and Safety Committee (JOHSC) and its members.

• Understand the joint process, the right to know, the right to participate, the right to refuse unsafe work and the right to no discriminatory action.

Discuss slide• Point out resources in binder etc

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Learning Objectives• Learn how to research information to support

JOHSC activities.

• Learn how to identify key OHS issues at your workplace and use this to develop a JOHSC strategy with goals, objectives, and timelines.

• Learn and use a 6 step problem-solving process

• Inspection and Investigation overview

• Learn how to facilitate actions to resolve OHS issues.

Discuss slide

8



Where Does it Hurt?

• What parts of the body are impacted by occupational injuries or diseases?

• Discuss what are some common and consistent problems?

Activity (15 min)• Divide participants into small groups• Have each participant using the body maps located on page5 mark where they individually hurt at the end of their personal work day.• Have participants discuss there body maps with their group• Have groups apply dots to the large body maps so that there is a body map for the whole workshop• Facilitate out exercise in larger group discussion•*Keep participants in same groups for next exercise

Supplies needed• large body maps drawn front and back for the whole class• coloured dots for each group

Instructors NoteBody maps can be made by pulling flipchart in front of projected body maps and tracing the outline onto the flip chart paper.

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• Assign a reporter/recorder for each group.

• Discuss the following and record:- 3 accomplishments or current committee activities - 3 specific OH&S or joint committee issues or concerns you would like to address during the session.

• Be prepared to report back when asked by facilitators.

JOHSC Activities

Activity (20-30 minutes)• In small groups• Have participants discuss 3 accomplishments for committee• Have participants discuss 3 issues they are working on • Select someone from your group to report the discussion.Accomplishments:• Go around the class and ask each group to report one accomplishment.

• Do the same for the 2nd and 3rd accomplishment • Flip chart answersIssues or concerns:• Again go around groups to list one concern; continue till all concerns listed• Flip chart answers – encourage discussion!

Instructors NoteIn this exercise we are going to take a look at what JOHSC have accomplished, what is working well for them and areas were they can improve.

Keep exercise for use at the end for use with JOHSC Planning exercise.

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• Pre 1917 Direct employee / employer interaction

• 1917 ‘The Historical Compromise’ first Workmen’s Compensation Act and beginnings of WCB established in BC

• 1960’s Compensation to preventive system • 1970’s Three ‘Rights’ were created• 1978 Industrial Health and Safety Regulation• 1998 Extensive Regulation changes• 1999 Workers’ Compensation Act

Historical Perspective

Historical Perspective• Provide a brief history lesson for context of how workers compensation

came about and the 3 rights. (3r’s)• Prior to 1917 Workers had the right to sue the employer for injuries and

illness. Workers exchanged the right to sue their employers in civil court for a no fault right to compensation for personal injury arising in and out of the course of employment. This Act established an accident fund to pay benefits, funded by assessments collected from employers subject to the Act.

• Meredith Royal Commission; 1910-1913 Justice William Meredith headed Royal Commission to study worker’s compensation schemes and make recommendation for an Ontario scheme. Meredith studied compensation laws in a variety of countries and his recommendations were followed by B.C.

• 1972 first WC Act was in Saskatchewan that entrenched 3 rights that are fundamental in BC today…

The right to knowThe right to participateThe right to refuse (Don’t discuss here - More later on slide 14) • 1999 with the Amendments to the WCA there was an addition to a fourth

right in BC ‘The right to no Discriminatory action. (Division 6 WCA)

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The Purpose of the Workers Compensation Act

(WCA)• Promote a safe work environment to:• prevent accidents, injuries, and illness• promote a culture of commitment to safety • encourage education in OH&S• foster cooperation, consultation, and

participation.

WorkSafeBC website: www.worksafebc.com

The Purpose of the Workers Compensation Act (WCA) helps promote a healthy and safe work environment.• Prevent incidents, injuries, and illness• Promote a culture of commitment to safety• Encourage education in OH&S• Foster cooperation, consultation, and participation

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WorkSafeBC Website Navigation

http://www2.worksafebc.com/publications/OHSRegulation/Home.aspOH&S Regulations

http://www.worksafebc.com/regulation_and_policy/default.asp

Regulation & Policy Index

http://www.qp.gov.bc.ca/statreg/stat/W/96492_00.htm

Workers Compensation Act

http://www.worksafebc.com/regulation_and_policy/default.asp

Regulation & Policy Index

http://www.worksafebc.com/Home Page

This slide has multiple layers to show the features of the WorkSafeBC website; click once to move ahead:• WorkSafeBC Website Navigation• WorkSafeBC Homepage• Red arrow points to where to find OHS Regulation• OHS Regulation page with parts• Red arrow points to show keyword search box• Red arrow points to Workers Compensation Act - use the Find function (CTRL F) to search for keywords in WCA• Returns to original Website Navigation slide

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Common Themes in the Regulation

• Hazard identification• Risk assessments• Risk control hierarchy• Exposure control plans• Education and training• Consultation

• Go through slides giving examples to demonstrate the common themes in the regulations• use Violence in the Workplace 4.27 -4.31 and Ergonomics 4.46-4.53 as good examples

Note: The focus of the regulations have shifted from prescriptive to performance base.

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Workers Legal Rights

• Right to know • Right to participate • Right to refuse • Right to no discriminatory action

Discuss slide• The right to know about potential hazards and training required on machinery, equipment, working conditions, processes and substances.• The right to participate in the process of identifying and resolving health and safety concerns.• The right to refuse work that they believe is dangerous to either their own health and safety or that of another person See Regulation 3.12 and 3.13 and the flowchart on page 136

Legal framework summary: See handout in participant’s guide: p. 8• Minimum standards for safe work in BC are prescribed in the Workers Compensation Act and the Regulation. Employers are encouraged to go beyond the minimum standards to further increase health and safety.• Collective agreements may exceed the minimum standards set forth in the WCA and the Regulation. • The Joint Committee needs to understand what is found in the WCA and Regulation as well as the OHS articles of the Collective Agreements in healthcare.

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OH&S Roles and Responsibilities

• Management• Supervisors• Joint Health and Safety Committee• Workers• Owners/prime contractors

Refer to handout in Participant’s Guide, p. 10• Clarifies the roles of the various parties in Health and Safety. • Review these essential program elements • Specific duties of each group may vary from one worksite to another.

Review JOHSC column: • JOHSCs roles are to advise re: safety needs, review documents, safety programs (including policies and procedure), make recommendations • Conduct inspections and participate in investigations and recommend corrective actions; • Review department activities, training needs, and incident reports and make recommendations for controls.

NOTE: • Beware of areas of role confusion, e.g., it is not the job of the JOHSC to write policies and procedures; JOHSCs can recommend the need for P & P’s, can give input and serve on a subcommittee of the employer to develop policies, can make suggestions for revisions, but it is the employer’s responsibility to develop policies and procedures to ensure safe workplaces and to implement them.• Discuss the responsibility of private owners and prime contractors to ensure safe worksites in this era of contracted services in healthcare.

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It’s proactive:solves problemsmakes recommendationsaccomplishes goalsinfluences othersimplements changescreates a sense of progress.

It’s solution oriented:All members work cooperatively.There is honest communication.People respect one another.Members resolve disputes amicably.

What are Some Attributes of an “Effective” Joint Committee?

Discuss slide (Click once to bring up the question)

• Brainstorm answers to the question and discuss as a group.• Discuss additional answers as presented on the slide. • Discuss joint process for committees• JOHS committee members are equal participants at the meeting table. • Speak to consultation and cooperation - ‘ The spirit of the act’

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A Joint Committee has Multiple Roles!

Monthly Meetings are just the beginning! • Communicate!• Listen to worker/employer OHS concerns. • Promote safe work practices.• Be a Health and Safety leader.• Recommend improvements.• Stay informed.• Use all available resources.• Monitor the OHS program.• Work together.

There are many opportunities to create a safety culture and make your work site a healthier place!

ASK- What kinds of things can you do to be a leader in health and safety?

Reinforce what a committee member can do such as:• Listen to workers’ and employer’s health and safety concerns• Bring issues to JOHSC• Act immediately if you see an unsafe condition• Know and understand the Act and the Regulations, as well as CA OHS articles• Help create an awareness of Health and Safety in the workplace

ASK-Do you understand the difference between a Health and Safety Program and a JOHSC?• Regulation 3.3

ASK-What could you do in your workplace as a committee member to create an awareness of Health and Safety?

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• To identify unhealthy or unsafe situations for workers and advise on effective systems for responding

• To consider and expeditiously deal with complaints relating to the health & safety of workers

• To consult with workers and the employer on OH&S issues and the occupational environment

Duties and Functions of a Joint Committee

Part 3 Division 4 – Section 130

Activity (20 minutes)• Break into 4 groups or multiples or 4• Assign each group a slide out of the 4 slides (18-21) for section 130 to

discuss• How do/could they accomplish the duty or functions, and provide

examples from own workplace –• Have each group report back

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• To make recommendations to the employer and worker for the improvement of OH&S issues and the occupational environment

• To make recommendations to the employer on educational programs and to monitor their effectiveness



Activity, as described on previous page for Bootcamp.

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• To advise the employer on programs and polices required and to monitor their effectiveness

• To advise the employer on proposed changes to the workplace or work process that may affect the health and safety of workers



Activity, as per previous slide for Bootcamp.

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• To ensure that accident investigations and regular inspections are carried out as required

• To participate in inspections, investigations and inquiries as provided by this part and the regulations

• To carry out other duties and functions prescribed by regulations



Activity, as per previous slide for Bootcamp.

Focus groups,

Surveys

Participating in investigations

Inspections / observations

interviews

Outside resourcesReviewing stats

OHSAHContinuing education

UnionsComplaints

OH & S advisorTalking to co-workers

SupervisorKnowing regulation – activity later in day

Find resourcesIdeas

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Joint Process/Right to Participate

1. What does the right to participate look like in your workplace?

2. What things are decided and done jointly?3. What positive steps can you take to expand the

participation of your JOHS Committee in Health and Safety decisions at your work place?

Activity (15 mins) • Divide participants into groups• Have them discuss the 3 questions • Have a recorder write ideas on a flip chart for reporting back.

Possible answers to question 3:• Build rapport with employer • Show JOHS Committee as a resource for problem solving • Inform employer of the role of the JOHS Committee • Promote safety

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Division 1- Section 106:Definitions

• Worker• Worker Representative (H&S Representative)• Workplace

Highlights of the ActPart 3-Occupational Health and Safety

• Have group move to the Common Resources page 87 WCA Definitions• Explain to the class the layout of the Act and how the numbering system will work.• As you go through sections have class turn to them so that they can become familiar with the words and layout .• Immediately point out that definitions are very important.• Go through the definition of worker, worker representative and workplace. Have a brief discussion• Review the list on this slide and the next one to see where to find information in the WCA.

Note• Move through next three slides at a moderate pace. • Easy to get slowed down in this section of the course. Participants will learn more by doing the Exercises with the scenarios! See Overview page 16

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Division 3, Sections 115 to 124:General Duties of Employers, Workers and Others:

Section 115 Employers

Section 116 Workers

Section 117 Supervisors

Section 118 Multiple – employer workplaces

Section 120 General duties of suppliers

Highlights of the ActPart 3-Occupational Health and Safety

Instructors Note:Move through next three slides at a moderate pace. It is very easy to get slowed down in this section of the course. Participants will learn more by doing the activities with the scenarios. See Overview page 16

• Have group move to page 87 WCA Definitions• Explain to the class the layout of the Act and how the numbering system will work.• As you go through sections have class turn to them so that they can become familiar with the words and layout .• Immediately point out that definitions are very important.• Go through the definition of worker, worker representative and workplace. Have a brief discussion• Review the list on this slide and the next one to see where to find information in the ACT.

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Part 3 Division 4 Section 125-140 Joint Committees

Joint committee procedure Section 131Disagreements 21 day recommendations

Section 132Section 133

Time for committee workSection 134

Establishing a joint committee, membership, & representative selection

Section 125 to 129

• Briefly continue with the highlights of the Act• Go through each section giving key points• When discussing section 128 and 129 discuss difference in how each union picks its worker representatives – this is where the process goes beyond the WCA and is defined bythe unions• Move over Section 130 Duties and Functions since it has already been discussed.• Point out Contractual language starting on page 113• Point out the common requirement of debriefing for unionized workers. Documentation can be found on page 112.

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Part 3 Division 4 Section 125-140 Joint Committees

Participation of worker representative in inspections

Section 140Worker H&S representativeSection 139Posting committee informationSection 138Committee reportsSection 137

Other employer obligations to support committee

Section 136

Discuss slide

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Highlights of the ActPart 3

Division 6 - Prohibition Against Discriminatory Action

Division 7 - Information and ConfidentialitySection 154 Posting of informationSection 156 Information that must be kept

confidential

• Division 6- Prohibition against Discriminatory Action – What does this mean-explain complaint process via WCB and if unionized they have the option to follow grievance procedure instead Refer to resource page titled Conflict Resolution.

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Highlights of the ActPart 3

Division 10 – Accident Reporting and Investigation

Division 15 – Offence

Section 215 Defense of Due Diligence

Section 22.1 (Bill C-45) Federal Legislation amended the Criminal Code of Canada

• Division 10 – Accident reporting/investigation requirements for WSBC – Highlight important parts on pp. 79 - 83; participants can get more detail in Investigations course! • Section 215 - Defense of Due Diligence.• Everything discussed in this workshop is “due diligence”. Further resources are provided in the back of the workbook. (138 – 146)

ASK -What is the definition of due diligence?• The hospital/organization has taken all steps necessary and reasonable under a set of circumstances to prevent injuries or incidents in the workplace.• Refer participants to the Due Diligence information and to Section 22.1 of the Criminal Code ( Bill C45) information on pp. 138 – 146)

Note• Reference to Master Agreement for how unions select worker representatives on a Joint Committee – an example of how CAs go beyond the WCA; • Mention secret ballot for selection of non-unionized workers’ representative. • Bring attention to PAID TIME for committee duties/ collective agreement

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Some sections of the Regulation related to Healthcare…

• Ergonomics • Violence and working alone or in isolation• WHMIS, cytotoxics, asbestos, hazardous waste • Biohazardous materials• Air quality, ventilation• Noise, vibration, heat and cold stress• Ionizing and non-ionizing radiation

Discuss slide• Refer to page 18 Participant’s Guide for list of Regulations and sections related to healthcare..

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Some sections of the Regulation related to Healthcare…

• Workplace conduct • Exposure control plans• Emergency preparedness procedures• Procedure for refusal of unsafe work • Young or new workers

Discuss slide

• Requirements for health and safety orientation of young or new workers, regulation 3.22-3.25• JOHSC should monitor that this is being done. This regulation is included in OHSAH’sprinted excerpt of the Regulations.

• Discuss jointly agreed checklist pages 20-21

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Practicing Research Skills

Find answers to OHS questions by consulting:

• Internal Safety Resources & Systems• Workers Compensation Act• OHS Regulation • Healthcare Collective Agreements

A key skill for JOHSC members is research.

ASK- How do you find out what the policies and procedures are at your worksite?

• Explain to participants that the exercise is to get them familiar with looking things up and realizing the number of Regulations that are in place.• The regulation is the minimal requirement• When looking at the Regulation as a Joint Committee member you must at least implement the minimum requirements. • You can recommend and go beyond the minimum requirement however the employer is only required to meet the minimum under the act and specifics in the CAs. Speak to increased standards

Activity (30 min)• Have participants use the Common Resources and the Regulation Books provided to the class (participants can take home Reg Books but remind them they should consult Worksafe’s website for up-to-date regulations.) • Have participants turn to page 22 and find 15 small scenarios• Have participants use the sections outlined on page 16 and 21 for guidance.(Answers are on page 55-58)

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Questions?

Take the opportunity to talk about:• The specific areas of the Act that outlines the general duties for the employer and worker is found in Division 3 Sections 115-117• JOHSC Committees, Division 4 Sections 125-140

ASK – What is the educational leave requirement for committee members?- Section 135 they are entitled to an annual educational leave totaling 8 hours.

ASK – Name 3 responsibilities of the joint committee that are required under the Act?• Identify situations that may be unhealthy or unsafe• Consult with workers and the employer on issues• Participate in inspections and investigationsMake recommendations to the employer, etc.

LUNCH

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Six Steps to Problem Solving1. OHS Issue Identification: Communication and

Support2. Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment3. Planning Intervention/Risk Controls4. Implementation of Controls*5. Evaluation: Follow-up and Monitor6. Continuous Improvement: Revise, Update and

Inform* JOHSC makes recommendations to employer of solutions to

hazards. Employer is responsible for implementation of these control recommendations.

Problem solving is one of the key functions of the JOHSC. The committee is asked by workers and employers to review safety issues and recommend solutions. This requires a thoughtful and systematic process.

ASK - Does the JOHSC DO all of these steps?

• JOHSC is involved with all steps except implementation of a control which is the responsibility of the employer. • JOHSCs make recommendations to the employer to solve hazards they identify or are brought to their attention.• The employer is responsible for implementing the controls.•JOHSCs have a big role in evaluation – follow-up and monitoring whether the control was implemented, were workers informed, was the control successful in dealing with the hazard?• JOHSCs also need to review OHS programs annually.

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Problem-solving ProcessOHS Issue

Identification: Communication

and Support Hazard Identification

and Risk Assessment

Planning Intervention/ Risk controls

Implementation of Controls

Evaluation: Follow-up and

Monitor

Continuous Improvement:

Review, Update and Inform

Too often we start problem-solving by jumping to the first action we can think of (let’s just fix it!) before doing a proper assessment. Before we can do anything at all, we need to start with buy-in from employers and workers.

Talking Points:Get Buy-in: describe buy-in and what a stake holder is. Key is to build commitment and

support by workers and employer (and other stakeholders, if appropriate, e.g., client, family members)– Culture of Safety and Team work

Learn how to identify hazards and assess the risks; how likely is the hazard to cause an injury?

Plan interventions – actions that can eliminate or minimize risks – also known as risk controls;

Implement the risk controls (interventions) – take action as a committee or make recommendations to employer who implements the control

Monitor & Evaluate: Watch what happens. Is the recommendation being acted on? Did it work?

Continuous improvement: Review and update OHS program. Revise what didn’t work so well and inject new energy into the process. Celebrate success/learn from failure; communicate to workers and employers to show that actions were implemented and made a difference – this will continue to build trust, confidence, and buy-in! Success goes to Increased Buy-in. Failure goes to getting proper resources. It’s all a part of the ongoing process!

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Step 1- OHS Issue Identification: Communication and Support

• What comes first – worker safety or patient safety?

• Why don’t people report health and safety issues?

• What are some communication strategies that encourage reporting of OHS issues?

Activity (15 min• Divide into 3 groups or multiples of 3 • Have each group discuss one of the questions.• Report back to whole group• Have full group discussion

Communication strategies: •suggestion box, •worker survey, •build relationships/trust, •bulletin board, •bipartite JOHSC-problem-solving, •worker’s choices in safety needles, •educate management about JOHSC roles •tell people what you are doing •know the members of the JOHSC, •celebrate successes, l•let workers know what happens, •positive safety behaviour and leadership

Worker vs. patient safety? •Attitude of care giving without concern for self •frequent MSIs with patient handling; potential for client’s aggressive behaviour with close personal care – violence is NOT a part of the job! •Can’t take care of client if you don’t take care of yourself – link between worker safety and client safety.

WHY don’t workers report?•WORKERS MAY THINK THAT GETTING HURT IS A PART OF THE JOB. Workplace culture – don’t report, be tough, don’t be a wimp •No serious injuries, so not reported – there was no lost time.•No action taken when incidents are reported.•If you report an incident, you might be blamed for being incompetent or causing it rather than learning from it!

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Step 2 – Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment

• A hazard is a thing or condition that may expose a person to injury or occupational disease.

• A risk is the likelihood that the hazard may expose a person to injury or occupational disease.

ASK- Who here has a formal plan of identifying hazards and analyzing their risks? What are some things that you do?• Flip chart responsesASK- Why do you think it is necessary to carry out a formal plan?

VIDEO-Play the video Identifying Hazard and Assessing Risk from WorkSafeBC (15 minutes) – if you wish

Note:Risk Assessment means comparing or measuring the suspected or identified hazard against standards and expectations. When assessing a hazard one needs to look at the exposure, probability and consequences of a hazard causing illness or injury.

37



Health & Safety HazardsA Health Hazard are agents that can cause or aggravate illness in humans:

• Biological• Chemical• Violence/stress• Ergonomics

• Machinery• Sips/trips• Material handling• Work practices.

A Safety Hazard is a force strong enough to cause injury to a worker:

Discuss slide in detail

38



The Accident Ratio

Incidents with

no visible Injury

or Damage

600600

Property Damage

Accidents

3030

Minor Injuries

1010Serious or Major Injury

11

Discuss the relevance

1969 US Ratio Study (Bird and Germain. 1985)“The 1-10-30-600 relationships in the ratio indicate quite clearly how foolish it is to direct our major effort only at a relatively few events resulting in serious or disabling injury when there are so many significant opportunities that provide a much larger basis for more effective control of total accident loss.”

This slide reinforces:•The reason for reporting even minor injury events or near misses.• The ability to use these numbers to the advantage of the committee when analyzing their own statistics

E.g. the importance of even reporting a paper cut

39



Identifying Hazards and RisksThe first step to hazard identification is to gather

information and recognize the hazards:

• Where could you get information?

• Risk assessments can help set priorities for action.

All hazards should be addressed.

Refer to information sources on page 30 and 31 Participant Guide: • Discuss ways to identify hazards• Brainstrom all ways to gain information • Flip chart responses

ASK- How many of your JOSHCs get injury stats?

ASK- How could you use these to determine priorities for action by your committee – either recommendations or safety campaigns?

Note:• Emphasize that when hazards are identified, controls need to be put in place. Don’t wait for an injury to occur!• Use the precautionary principle – workplace inspections identify hazards before an injury occurs – prevention• investigations of an accident recommend corrective actions to ensure it doesn’t happen again – response.

40



Basic Elements of a Risk Assessment

ConsequencesWhat are the most probable results of

injury/disease due to the hazard? Are workers suffering adverse effects?

ExposureAre workers exposed

to hazards that could result ininjury/disease?

HazardsWhat are the hazards

associated with the task?

ProbabilityWhat is the likelihoodthat the hazard will lead to the most

likely consequence?

ASK-Can any one give me an example of a hazard within their workplace?• Work with the group to decide if the hazards are of High, medium or low risk

Activity (15 min)• In groups have participants look at the list of hazards on page 31• How would participants prioritize? high, medium or low. • What other information do participants need? • What kinds of questions would be asked• Factors that need to be looked at when assessing the risk?Refer to p. 30 for regulations pertaining to risk assessments

Instructors Note:• Ensure a joint process to risk assessments. • This may not mean a worker representative does a RA at every home care site. What else could be done to ensure a joint process?• Performed jointly by worker/union OHS reps and employer OHS reps trained in this function. • Look for examples in other JOHS committees in same industry worksites

41



Step 3 - Planning Intervention/Risk Controls

• Maintaining control of workplace practices and conditions is the principle method of preventing injury or illness in people or damage to property.

• To prevent harm, control standards and activities must be established and maintained.

• Explain that we will now be discussing how to control the hazards that have been identified and rated for risk.• Not all controls are equally effective – how do we know what to recommend?

42



Principles of Control• At the Source

– ELMINATE– SUBSTITUTE

• e.g., less toxic chemical/product

• Along the Path– ENGINEERING

• e.g., ventilate, guard or barrier– ADMINISTRATIVE

• e.g., policies, procedures, training

• With the Worker– PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT

• e.g., gloves, respirators, gowns, footwear

Least

Most

Effective• Discuss each heading• Clearly show that the closer to the source that we deal with a hazard the more successful the outcome. Hence this is why this model has been so successful

43



Generating Possible Risk Controls

• Identify appropriate controls for the hazard/risk assessment

• What current policies/procedures already exist to address the risk?

• What risk controls (interventions) are possible? • What are the critical priorities?

Discuss slide

44



Risk Reduction Planning ActivityJob or Job Task:Hazards:List recommended control measures using the table and hierarchy below. If a control is not possible, move to the next category.

PPE

AdministrativeControl

Engineering Control

Substitution

Elimination

PracticableControl MeasureHazardCategory

Activity (30 minutes)• Have participants break into groups• Assign one scenario to each group from the 8 scenarios for hazard evaluation

and control on page 33-34• Using the Risk Reduction Planning worksheet: identify hazards, assess risks,

and pick high risk situation to generate controls. • Work as a group to devise solutions for each type of hazard• Tell participants to be prepared to share their ideas• Brainstorm the best possible solutions.• Don’t get hung up on the “we don’t have enough money to do that”. Explore all

possibilities. Have a look at what would be practical and what would not.• Have the groups report out on their ideas• Debrief as a large group

45



Step 4- Implementation of Controls

• JOHSCs can implement some control measures such as maintenance requests or safety campaigns by using an action plan.

• JOHSCs can write a formal recommendation to employer (21 day response), and if excepted the employer is responsible to implement the control in the workplace.

Discuss slide

46



Making Recommendations• Corrective actions will be:

– developed collaboratively– implemented without undue delay (immediate actions)*– reported to the joint committee*

• Preventative actions:– Prioritize recommendations for further action:

• short term measures – provide care in bed; work in pairs• long term measure – install ceiling lift

• Submit report to responsible manager for immediate action

• Copy sent to Safety Committee for review, comment and possible further recommendations

*WC Act Part 3 Division 10, Section 176

Discuss slide• Speak to long term recommendations as well as short term recommendations• Have participants review again WC Act Division 10 located on page 103• Be sure to clear up any confusion associated with making recommendations.

47



Writing a Recommendation

1. The Issue - Describe safety issue.

2. The Background - Include information to answer

who, what, when, where…

3. The Options - Explain recommended solution and

the reason it was chosen.

4. The Timeline - Suggest a time frame for

implementation.

Discuss slide• What key elements are needed in a recommendation, formal (21 day response) vs. informal• Who does a recommendation goes to• Response process. • Under Division 4 133 of the WCA if a written recommendation requiring a written response is submitted to the employer there is a process for action. • Review with the class• Refer participants to page 41-42 for steps for a Written Recommendation.

48



• Consider a variety of options.• Support proposals with reference to relevant

Regulation.• Find or suggest resources to assist with

implementation.• Relate directly to health and safety in the workplace.• Include all the information the employer will need to

make a decision.• Consider the consequences – impact on work and

process flow

Tips for Recommendations

• In large group brainstorm tips for writing and being successful in implementing recommendations in the workplace• Flip chart responses• Guidelines for Writing Recommendations, 41-42• Discuss the pro’s and cons of recommendations• Part of the evidence gathering process is to consider the impact of the recommendation you are making on the work process and work flow, e.g., locking a door may interrupt the work flow or cut off an escape route for a worker.• Investigate the feasibility of the recommendation – think of innovative solutions!

49



Action Plan

StatusResourcesRequired

PersonResponsible

CompletionDateActivity

OH&S Issue:

Corrective Action to be Implemented:

Activity (10 min)• Get participants to choose an appropriate control from the previous exercise that the committee can implement itself. • On the action plan worksheet, page 49, briefly describe the OHS issue and the solution/corrective action the committee would like implemented.• Work as a group to determine the steps required to implement a solution.• Have a brief larger group discussion

Note• a completed sample is on pg 62.

50



Written Recommendation

Committee Comments: (Note any follow-up or additional action required by the Committee.)

Employer Response: (attach a separate sheet if necessary)

Signature: ________________________________(Department Head or Designate)Date Return: _____________________________

Committee Recommendation:

cc: Appropriate Manager, Safety Coordinator, CEO, etc

OH&S Issue:

To: Date: From: Joint Health & Safety Committee________________________ ___________________________(Co-Chair Signature – Employer Rep) (Co-Chair Signature – Worker Representative)Please Respond by: ________________(within 21 calendar days.)

Activity (20mins)• Have groups work through their scenario and write a formal recommendation to control the hazards

• Report back any issues or tips in writing the recommendations

• Use the sample sheet found on page 40 of the Participant Guide.

• Point out the guide located on page 41 - 42

Note Blank form for written recommendation is located on page 63

51



Implementation of Controls

Develop Action Plan for committee to implement

solution.

Write Recommendation& submit to employer.

Discuss OH&S Issue to be corrected.Find solutions & agree on the action to take.

Can your committee employer representativeauthorize the work or make decisions to implement

the solution?

YES

ON

Review and reinforce

52



Resolving OHS Issues

• The JOHS Committee can resolve issues by using internal processes or making a formal recommendation to the employer.

• At any time, workers can refuse unsafe work or file a grievance.

ASK -What should the Committee do if they cannot agree on action to take to address OHS issues? See p.44• Joint Committee takes action on its own or makes recommendations to employer.• If Joint Committee feels employer’s response is inadequate or if they can’t agree as a committee on what action to take, there are resources available:• OHS professionals for advice

WorkSafeBC – discuss the details of what WorkSafeBC can doContact WorksafeBC Infoline for information and guidance on the issue at 1-888-621-7233; or the committee may also invite a WorkSafeBC board officer to attend the JOHSC meeting to provide information informally; or a co-chair can ask WorkSafeBC to “investigate and attempt to resolve the matter”(Section 132 WC Act)

UnionsWorker representatives may consult with their respective unions for additional advice. Healthcare collective agreements contain articles pertaining to Occupation Health and Safety that may provide additional guidance. The Workers Compensation Act and Regulation are minimum standards. OHS articles in collective agreements may exceed the minimum requirements.

53



Resolving OHS IssuesFollow the process set out in your workplace using the tools given to you in this course, speak to:• Supervisor• Contact your local OHS professionals• Worker Representatives may contact their

respective Union for advice.• Contact WorkSafeBC Info line or local officers

Discuss slide• At any time, workers can refuse unsafe work (which may involve the JOHSC) or they can file a grievance, which is outside of the JOHSC structure.

54



Step 5 – Evaluation: Follow-up and Monitor

• Did anything happen?

• Was the control implemented?

• Were workers informed?

• Did anything change?

• Discuss ways to monitor and evaluate…• Were workers consulted during inspection? • Were worker suggestions for controls considered?• Were final recommendations implemented?• Have controls eliminated/minimized risks?• Did implementation create another hazard?• Are new procedures being followed?• Is additional education/training needed or required?• Has a date been set for further follow-up?

55



Step 6 – Continuous Improvement:

Review, Update and Inform:• Revise plan based on outcomes.

• Conduct an annual plan review.

• Inform workers of interventions and outcomes

• Celebrate success

• Acknowledge your successes • recognize staff for making a positive difference• Conduct a formal review of your program • Check your objectives and action plans• Revise and up date them and set new priorities.• Continually monitor and evaluate your risk controls (interventions) • Adapt to changing conditions• Communicate results to staff • Build a caring and supportive organizational culture that subscribes to the care, welfare, safety and security of all concerned – clients and staff, visitors and volunteers.

56



What else does the Joint Committee do?

• Research• Problem solving• Inspections• Investigations• Goal setting• Improving Committee effectiveness

Discuss slide • Topics covered in more depth on following slides

ASK-Does your JOHSC do inspections? • Coach the participants with leading questions such as

- Are the inspections scheduled? - Are they done in partnership? - How often are they conducted?

ASK- Who has performed an investigation? • Coach the participant with leading questions

- when was it conducted after an incident? - Was there an injury? - Who was involved? - What was the outcome?

57



Recommendation process.Recommendation process.

Step 5Complete the report.Complete the report.Step 4

Develop corrective actions.Assess risks and identify controls.

Step 3

Conduct investigation –interview, examine facts, identify causes.

Conduct inspection.Step 2

Prepare - gather information.

Prepare - gather information.

Step 1InvestigationInspection

Step 6 Follow up & monitor. Follow-up & monitor.

Compare investigations and inspections• Discuss that inspections is proactive• Investigations are reactive• Stress the point – respond immediately - discuss what “respond immediately” means in different situations• Refer to pages 79 - 83, for further information about Inspections and Investigations• Suggest that participants should take a full day course on either subject to gain more skills

If someone is injured you need to:• Secure the area to prevent further injuries• Consider needs (first aid/medical aid/evacuation)• Keep area as undisturbed as possible• Identify injuries and/or damages• Identify witnesses• Direct staff as needed and get people back to work• Inform people who need to know

58



Goal Setting for your Joint Committee

• Choose goals that promote a healthier work site: - Determine the priority of work place health and safety issues and make recommendations. - Promote safe practices - Improve working relationships on the Joint

Committee - Recommend education and training

• Determine the priority of work place health and safety issues and make recommendations.

Committee effectiveness can improve with goal setting• Use incident stats and risk assessment to determine priority of work place safety issues that need to be addressed and take action or make recommendations and monitor their implementation. • Choose broader goals to help improve safety priorities above.

59



Goal Setting Process

• Choose 3 concerns for your JOHS Committee to address this year

• Brainstorm possible goals that address each of the concerns while building on your accomplishments. Set priorities.

• Choose one goal to develop a Goal Action Plan.

Activity (30 min)• In participant groups refer to accomplishment and issues activity on slide 9 (pg 6) or write three new concerns sheet located on page 47.• Brainstorm goals use Possible Goals for our JOHSC worksheet, page 48.• Complete the Goal Action Plan worksheet, page 49.• See example of a completed possible goals worksheet and a completed action plan in the Resources section, page 68 and page 70. • Report back to group if time permits.

60



Improving Committee Effectiveness

• Terms of reference

• Agendas

• Action-oriented minutes

Discuss slide

• See resource section for sample terms of reference, agenda, and minutes, page 71-78.• Discuss use of the JOHSC Self Assessment Checklist, pages. 84-85.

61



Summary• Clarified your roles, responsibilities, and functions as

a committee member

• Learned how to:− Identify hazards− Assess risk & apply the principles of control− Prepare action plans & write recommendations

• Increase effectiveness by setting annual goals.

ASK- Any questions regarding your role and responsibility as a committee member?

In summary the committee representatives can:• Identify workplace hazards• Obtain information (existing or potential hazards, standards in the workplace)• Take action and make recommendations to the employer• Increase committee effectiveness by setting annual goals.

ASK -Do you think you will be more comfortable when dealing with OHS issues in your committee now after this day of training?

ASK- Where do you still have questions?

Contact OHSAH at [email protected] with further questions.

62



Session Evaluation

Evaluations• Get participants to fill out the course Evaluation on Page 51-52• Collect Evaluation forms and hand out certificates. Return evaluation forms and extra books to OHSAH.

63



Thank You!For more information about OHSAH’s work, resources,

and programs:

Jolene SimpsonTraining Coordinator

Healthcare Education and Learning Program (HELP)[email protected]

Or visit OHSAH’s website:www.ohsah.bc.ca

Ask participants to give one thing off of their Personal Action Plan, close the class by making comments and thanking them for their time.

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