Cac Nguyen Tac QLDA,2015

1CC NGUYN TC

QUN L D N

Phan Th Thu Hng

[email protected]

1

2Vic qun l d n l mt nguyn tc. N bao gm

cc quy tc, cc phng php cng nh cc k thut

c xy dng mt cch chuyn bit nhm x l

nhng cng vic mang tnh thch thc i vi qu

trnh qun l d n t khi nim cho n khi hon tt.2

3MC TIU

Kt thc lm vic vi ch ny, bn s c kh nng tthn trong:

nh gi cc tng trc khi chng tr thnh d

n

S dng cc cng c v cc k thut hoch nh

mang tnh cu trc xy dng cc k hoach thc thi

d n vi s cn bng gia chi ph Thi gian cht

lng

Xy dng h thng kim sot o lng kt qu

thc hin d n tha mn cc bn c lin quan3

4D N TIN TRIN NH TH NO?

tng Gii hn c hi d n Tp hp d n gii hn

u tin D n

La chn d n

Thc hin d nQun l Danh mc

4

5 TNG:

D N BT NGUN NH TH NO?

5

6Thc hin thay i chin lc

Thc hin D n thnh cng l cha kho png mc tiu ca chin lc kinh doanh

M rng

Th trng

Chin lc u t

Gii thiu

Sn phm mi

Pht trin

H tng

Ci tin

Quy trnh

Sp nhp &

Mua li

D n

6

CSR

7 Cc cng ty phi pht trin cc chin lc nh gi v

ti nh gi vic s dng ngun lc

Mi cch s dng ngun lc chnh l mt qu trnh u

t cho tng lai

Mt s qu trnh u t hin hu trong cc d n

7

QUN TR DANH MC D N

8 TNG HNH THNH D N

Nhu cu th trng : Cc sn phm v dch v mi, th trng mi

Nhu cu kinh doanh mi: s m rng, hot ng kinh doanh mi, b tr li

hot ng kinh doanh

Nhu cu t chc

Li ngh hoc s t hng ca khch hng

Cc li th cng ngh

yu cu lut nh

Cc tc ng n mi trng sinh thi

S pht trin cc nhu cu x hi: Trch nhim x hi ca doanh nghip (CSR)

9MT VI D N M rng th trng

Xy dng h tng, Nh my mi

D n Kinh t

Nghin cu v trin khai (R&D)

Marketing GreenMarketing

Sn xut i mi cng ngh, i mi dy chuyn thit b sn xut

Ci thin Cht lng

Cp nht CNTT, sn xut sn phm mi

DANH MC D N9

10

DANH MC D N CC VN NI BT

Qu nhiu d n

D n sai

D n khng lin quan ti mc tiu chin lc

Danh mc khng cn bng

Qu nhiu bn cung m khng ch n bn cu

Trin khai qu nhiu, nghin cu cha

Qu nhiu d n ngn hn v khng d n di hn

10

11

NHIU HN KHNG C NGHA L TT HN. T HN I KHI L

TT HN

U TIN DANH MC D N

11

12

U TIN D N

Doanh nghip thc hin u tin d n nh th no?

Ti sao chng ta u tin Danh mc D n?

Yu cu ca u tin D n?

12

U TIN D N

iu hnh d n yu thch v ha hn qua loa

Cch tip cn v trnh by khng nht qun

Ko di s chp thun d n v nhm ln v n y trchnhim chnh tr

i khi doanh nghip thc hin u tin nh th no?

U TIN D N

V s cnh tranh gay gt cho ngun ti nguyn c hn

Doanh nghip thiu cc m hnh xp hng u tin d n

Doanh nghip lm th no a ra quyt nh thuyt phcv cc ngh d n u tin dnh s quan tm qun l

cho cc d n canh tranh nhau ny

Ti sao chng ta u tin Danh mc D n?

U TIN D N

Khng mang tnh chnh tr

Khng b sai lch chc nng

Quy trnh c chun ho

Khng mang tnh ch quan

Khng ngha Thng/ Thua

Khng mt thi gian

Khng nhm ln

Yu cu ca u tin D n:

U TIN D N

LA CHN D N V CC TIU CHUN CHN LA

Mt trong nhiu quyt nh lin quan n

qun l d n

Khi no cn n?

C nhiu d n mun thc hin nhng

ngun lc sn c l c gii hn

C nhiu phng n cnh tranh nhauc a ra thc hin d n

Cc loi m hnh la chn d n

Cc m hnh nh tnh

Cc m hnh nh lng

17

2. Cc tiu ch quyt nh mt m hnh la chn

d n (Souder-1973)

Tnh Thc t (realism)

Nng lc (Capability)

Tnh linh hot (Flexibility)

D s dng (Ease of use)

Chi ph thp (Low cost)

(Jack R.Meredith, Samuel J.Mantel, JR 2003)

D vi tnh ha (Easy computerization)

17

U TIN D NLa chn d n v cc tiu chun chn la

18

BN CHT CA CC M HNH

LA CHN D N

1. Cc m hnh khng thc hin vic ra quyt nh y chnh l

hot ng ca con ngi

Nh qun l ch khng phi m hnh chu trch nhim cho quyt

nh

Nh qun l c th giao ph cc nhim v ra quyt nh cho mt

m hnh, nhng trch nhim th khng th b chi b

2. Tt c cc m hnh, d l cng phu, cng ch th hin mt

phn thc t m n mun phn nh

Khng c mt m hnh no cho ra mt quyt nh ti u

Do xy dng mt m hnh la chn d n phi p ng

hai c tnh trn v phi nh gi c cc d n tim

nng vi mc m n p ng cc mc tiu ca cng ty18

19

Cc yu t nh gi d n

Cc yu t v sn xut

Cc yu t v tip th

Cc yu t v ti chnh

Cc yu t v nhn s

Cc yu t v hnh chnh v cc yu t khc

(MBA trong tm tay- Qun l d n- P94,95)

20

Cc bc chun b trong vic sdng mt m hnh bao gm:

1. Xc nh danh mc cc mc tiu ca cng ty

2. nh trng s cho cc mc tiu

3. Xc nh tc ng c th c ca d n i vi

kh nng cnh tranh ca t chc

21

CC LOI M HNH LA CHN D N1. Cc m hnh nh tnh

Con b thing (The Saccred Cow)

D n c ngh bi ngi c quyn lc cao nht trong t chc

S cn thit cho hot ng (The Operating Necessity)

Nu mt trn lt ang e da nh my, mt d n xy dng bao bo v khng yu cu nhiu nh gi chnh thc

i din vi cnh tranh (The Competitive Necessity)

D n c thc hin nhm duy tr v th cnh tranh ca cng ty trn th trng

M rng dy chuyn sn xut

Mt d n pht trin v phn phi cc sn phm mi s c nh gi theo mc m n p ng dy chuyn sn xut hin hu ca cng ty tc ng n kt qu thc hin tng th ca h thng

- 21

22

CC LOI M HNH LA CHN D N

2. Cc m hnh nh lng2.1. Li nhun: NPV, IRR, PP, B/C

Da trn vic phn tch ngn lu ca d n

Gi tr tin t theo thi gian: Sut chit khu

Cu hi c bn : D n c ng gi hay khng ?

Lm th no la chn d n tt nht t danh mc d n?

2.2. M hnh tnh im

M hnh khng dng trng s theo cc yu t 0-1

M hnh tnh im khng nh trng s

M hnh tnh im c trng s

22

MU NH GI D N -M HNH CHO IM 0 -1

D n

Ngi nh gi Ngy

STT Cc tiu ch tiu

chun

Khng

tiu chun

Khng yu cu tng nng lng s dng X

Khng yu cu XD nh my mi X

Khng yu cu cc chuyn vin k thut mi X

Khng suy gim cht lng sn phm cui cng X

C th qun l d n vi nhn s hin ti X

Khng yu cu ti c cu t chc X

T sut li nhun sau thu ln hn 15% X

c tnh li nhun hng nm ln hn $250.000 X

Ph hp vi vic kinh doanh hin ti X

Tc ng ln hnh nh cng ty

i vi khch hng X

i vi cng ty X

TNG CNG 7 4

24

MU NH GI D N

-M HNH CHO IM C NH TRNG S

25

QUY TRNH V DANH MC D N

1. Thnh lp hi ng d n

2. Nhn dng cc tiu ch v loi hnh d n

3. Thu thp d liu

4. nh gi v cc ngun lc sn c

5. Gim ti cc d n v cc tiu ch

6. Sp xp th t u tin i vi cc d n trong cc loi hnh

7. Chn d n s c cp vn v d n d phng

8. Trin khai d n

25

HAI TIN TRNH TRONG GIAI ON KHI S D

N NH NGHA D N

Pht trin Bn tuyn b d nNgay khi cc d n c la chn, mt s chp nhn

chnh thc i vi d n thng qua mt ti liu c

gi l bn tuyn b d n

Phn tch cc thnh vin c lin quan

Lp danh sch cc thnh vin c lin quan v chin lc qun l cc thnh vin c lin quan

BN TUYN B D N(PROJECT CHARTER)

n t bn ngoi d n v nh ngha d n

Ghi chp li cc nhu cu kinh doanh, s hiu bit hin c v cc nhu cu

ca khch hng v cc sn phm, dch v, kt qu mi c d kin

tha mn cc nhu cu ny

Mt vn bn c cha cc iu khon hp ng gia nh ti tr/Khch

hng v gim c d n

Cung cp nn tng, mc tiu, v ranh gii chung cho d n

m bo phm vi v cc li ch d kin c hiu bi c hai bn

Khng b thay i trong sut d n.

Phi ngn gn

BN TUYN B D N BAO GM: Mc tiu d n,

M t d n

Cc yu cu thc hin : cc sn phm, dch v hoc kt qu

hon thnh

Cc tiu ch c th chp nhn sn phm, dch v hoc kt qu

Ranh gii d n

Cc rng buc v gi nh; Cc ri ro c th c; Lch trnh; Gii hnngn sch; c tnh chi ph; Chi tit k thut.

Cc yu cu ph chun d n

Phn cng Gim c d n: Trch nhim v quyn hn

Tn v thm quyn ca Nh ti tr hoc nhng ngi ph

chun bn tuyn b d n

PHN TCH CC THNH VIN C LIN QUAN

Cc bn lin quan l cc c nhn, cc nhm lm vic v cc t

chc tham gia mt cch ch ng trong d n, hoc nhng

ngi c nhng mi quan tm c th nh hng tch cc hay

tiu cc n kt qu thc hin d n hoc s hon thnhd n.

Phn tch cc bn lin quan phc v hai mc ch:

xc nh nhu cu thng tin ca cc bn lin quan khc nhau.

a ra mt chin lc truyn thng s phc v tt nht cho d n.

Bn nn suy ngh k v cc bn c lin quan v bn s cn trao i

vi h trc, trong sut v sau d n.

29

Phan

Th Thu

Hng

30

NHNG IU QUAN TRNG CN XC NH V

CC BN LIN QUAN N D N

Lp danh sch cc thnh vin c lin quan Thng tin nhn dng: Tn, v tr trong t chc, v tr, vai tr trong d

n, thng tin lin h

Thng tin nh gi: yu cu chnh, k vng chnh, nh hng tim nng

ca d n, giai on trong vng i vi s quan tm nht, v

Phn loi cc bn lin quan: ni b / bn ngoi, ng h / trung lp/ cntr, v.v

Chin lc qun l cc bn c lin quan Cc thnh vin c lin quan quan trng Ngi c tc ng

ng k n d n

Mc tham gia vo d n c mong i i vi mi thnhvin lin quan c nhn dng

Cc nhm thnh vin c lin quan v s qun l ca h

31

MI QUAN H GIA D N V

CC THNH VIN D N

D n

Gim cDA

i QLDACc TV

i DA khc

Nhti tr

QL vnhnh

Cc G chc nng

Nh cungcp

Khchhng

Cc TV linquan khc

G cc danhmc u t

G chngtrnh

C quanQLDA

Cc thnh vin lin quan d n

i d n

DANH SCH THNH VIN C LIN QUAN

(STAKEHOLDER REGISTER)

Tn d n Ngy

Giai on d n

Gim c d n

TnChc

v

B phn/

Cng ty

Vai tr

trong

d n

Loi

Thnh

vin c

lin quan

Cch

thc

lin

h

Cc yu

cu chnh

Cc k

vng

S nh

hng

PHN TCH CC BN C LIN QUAN

Tn v

vai tr

ca cc

thnh

vin c

lin quan

Tm

quan

trng?

(Thp -

Trung

bnh

Cao)

Mc

h tr

hin ti?

(Thp

Trung

bnh-

Cao)

Bn

mun g

t cc

thnh

vin c

lin

quan?

iu g l

quan

trng i

vi cc

thnh

vin c

lin

quan?

TV c

lin quan

c th

cn tr

n lc

ca bn

nh th

no?

Chin

lc gia

tng s

h tr

ca cc

thnh

vin c

lin quan

34

XY DNG

K HOCH THC HIN D N

CU HI THO LuN

d n thnh cng chng ta c nht thit phi lp k hoch khng?

Ti sao?

34

XY DNG K HOCH D N ...

L vic to ra mt k hoch d n chi tit m nh

qun l d n s xem xt xuyn sut d n theo di v

kim sot thi gian, chi ph v cht lng

Cc tin trnh hoch nh pht trin mt k hoch qun l

d n v cc ti liu d n m n s c s dng

thc hin d n

1/19/2015

35

Th.s

Pha

n Th Thu

Hng

36

LI CH CA VIC HOCH NH DN

Thit lp mt chun mc cho cc thng tin d n

Tnh ton cho tng lai

Dn dt doanh nghip

Mi mt mc tiu gn vi mt hay nhiu d n

Cc phng php hoch nh th hin cc yu cu vngun lc cho mi d n ring l hnh thnh nn mt ccu d bo nhu cu v ngun lc cho ton th doanhnghip

Nu khng c cc thng tin ny doanh nghip s theoui nhiu d n hn so vi gii hn v ngun lc mh c 36

37

CC K HOCH D N HNH THNH NN YU CU NHN S

DOANH NGHIP

Tm nhn, S mnh

Mc tiu 1

D n A D n B

Mc tiu 2

Nhim v v tm nhn c chuyn

thnh mc tiu

D N A

D N B

D N C

YU CU V NHN S

Khoa hc

K thut

QL cht lng

Cc mc tiu t c

Cc k hoch thc hin

Ngun nhn s ti u c k vng

Yu cu nhn s

Cc mc tiu c u tin

Nhn s sn c

Cng vic

Mc tiu c phn thnh cc d n

YU CU V NHN S CA DOANH NGHIP

Thng 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 91

0

1

112

Khoa hc

K thut

QL cht

lng37

Th.s

Pha

n Th Thu

Hng

38

LI CH CA VIC HOCH NH D N

If you dont plan for the project, you are planning for

failure

Plans act as a road map of complicated process to manage

project

1/19/2015

39

CC BC HOCH NH D N

Xc nh phm

vi d n

M t cng

vic

T chc

d n

Hoch nh

ngun lc

Lp tin

Hoch nh

kim sot

39

40

1. PHM VI L G?

L cch thc m t gii hn ca mt d n.

Xc nh d n s chuyn giao v khng chuyngiao nhng g.

Nu bn khng bit ci m bn s chuyn giao vgii hn ca bn, bn s chng c c hi thnhcng.

Bn bo co phm vi d n xc nh nhng mc nmtrong gii hn ca d n v ci g nm bn ngoid n.

Bn nhn din c cng nhiu nhiu kha cnhca phm vi d n, d n s c kt qu tt hn.

40

41

XC NH PHM VI L G?

41

Trong bi cnh d n, thut ng phm vi c th k n

l:

Phm vi sn phm - kt qu cui cng ca d n:nhng c tnh v chc nng m n c trng cho

mt sn phm, dch v hoc kt qu; v

Phm vi d n. Nhng cng vic cn c hon

thnh to ra mt sn phm, dch v hoc kt qu

vi nhng c tnh v chc nng c th

42

XC NH PHM VI L G?

Ngun thng tin xc nh phm vi:

Hp ng

Bn xc nh cng vic

c tnh v K hoch cng vic cp cao

K vng ca cc bn tham gia

Trnh by phm vi nh thno:

Mt danh sch trong/ ngoi - xc nh/ cp nht cng vic/ nhim v(vd: Bn xc nh cng vic)

Danh mc sn phm chuyn giao v cc tham chiu cho vi bn xc nh cng vic

H s k vng ca cc bn tham gia sau khi sng lc

42

43

THC HIN CC BC SAU BT U

1. Hiu bit bc tranh tng th L ton b d n v nhng g xy ra chung quanh

d n

2. Nhn din k vng ca cc bn tham gia/ c lin quan v thm quyn quyt nh ca h.

3. So snh phm vi d n ca bn vi cc hot ng khc

Ghi nhn cc trng lp v cc lin i ph thuc

4. Xc nh hoc r sot danh mc sn phm chuyn giao h tr phm vi v yu cu.

Tham chiu cho vi bn xc nh cng vic. (Xc nh ngi ra quyt nh v nm gi vic xc nh)

43

44

BO CO PHM VI D N

Cung cp mt m t chi tit v cc kt qu chuyn giao ca d n v cng vic c yu cu to ra cc kt qu chuyn giao ny,

Cung cp mt s hiu bit cn bn v pham vi d n gia cc thnh vin c lin quan ca d n

L mt ti liu quan trng m bn s cp nht lin tc v s dng nh mt ti liu c bn cho d n ca bn

c vit trong giai on khi s d n

Ty thuc vo qui m v phc tp ca d n cng nh kin thc ca bn v lnh vc d n m bn cn tchc cuc hp vi cc thnh vin c lin quan hon chnh bo co phm vi v t c s chp thun 44

45

NI DUNG BO CO PHM VI D N

1. Mc tiu d n

M t mc tiu d n p ng tnh cht SMART

2. Cc kt qu k vng

Lit k cc kt qu k vng c to ra bi d n

3. Cc im mc

4. Cc yu cu k thut

5. Cc gi nh, cc ri ro/cc rng buc

6. Cc thnh vin c lin quan

45

46

TRCH NHIM CA TRNG D N

Hiu bit phm vi cng vic m bn chu trch

nhim c tnh v qun l.

Hiu bit v k vng ca cc bn tham gia/ c

lin quan. Hy trao i vi h sm hn v

thng xuyn.

Thng tin r rng v lp h s cc gi nh, ri

ro, vn , v tc ng ca chng ln phm vi.

Hiu bit khng ch v d n m cn phi ch

n tng th ton cnh/ mi trng chung

quanh.

46

47

CC BC HOCH NH D N

Xc nh phm

vi d n

M t cng

vic

T chc

d n

Hoch nh

ngun lc

Lp tin

Hoch nh

kim sot

47

48

2. M T CNG VIC D N

- PHT TRIN CU TRC PHN VIC (WBS)

WBS xc nh tt c cc cng vic trong mt d n

WBS chuyn mt cng vic ln, hay mt khi cng vic- d

n thnh nhng cng vic nh hn c th qun l c

WBS c th c thit lp bng dng ha hay biu mu

n gin

WBS lm r v cung cp cc chi tit v cc con s, cc hot

ng ca qun l d n. Xy dng WBS gip nh qun l:

Cung cp mt s minh ha chi tit v phm vi d n

Gim st quy trnh

Cho phep d bo chnh xc

Xy dng cc nhm d n48

CU TRC PHN VIC - WBS

Nhim v

1.1.1.0

Mc tiu d n

(Project Objective)

1.0.0.0

Hot ng

1.1.0.0

Hot ng

1.3.0.0

Hot ng

1.4.0.0

Hot ng

1.5.0.0

Hot ng

1.2.0.0

Nhim v

1.3.1.0

Nhim v

1.3.2.0

Nhim v

1.3.3.0

Nhim v

1.1.2.0

Cp 1

(D n hon thnh)

Cp 2

Cp 3

Cp 4

(Gi cng vic)

1.3.2.1

WP

1.3.2.2

WP

1.3.2.3

WP

50

CU TRC PHN VIC DNG S

D n lm p phong cnh

1.0 Thit k khung cnh

nh

2.0

Thit k bi c

2.1 Tp kt vt liu bi c

2.2 Lp t h thng ti

nc

2.2.1 Xc nh v tr lp

nc

2.2.2

o rnh

2.2.3 Lp t

ng nc v phn

cng

2.2.4 Che y h thng

phun nc

2.3

Trng c

2.4 Trng

cc loi cy bi

3.0

Xy dng hng ro

3.1

Tp kt vt liu cho hng ro

3.2

Thi cng hng ro

3.2.1 nh

du hng ro v cc ct

tr

3.2.2

t ct tr

3.2.3 Lp t cc hng

ro v cc cng

3.2.4

Sn/ Nhum hng ro

50

51

CU TRC PHN VIC DNG MC

1.0. Thit k phong cnh

2.0. Lm c2.1. Tp kt NVL lm c

2.1. Lp t h thng phun chng chy

2.2.1. Xc nh cc v tr t bnh phun nc

2.2.2. o rnh cha nc

2.2.3. Ci t cc phn cng v ng dn

2.3. Trng c

2.3.1. Loi cc mnh vn i

2.3.2. Chun b t trng, ht ging, co

2.3.3. Trng cc ht ging c

2.4. Trng cc cy bi

3.0 Xy dng hng ro3.1. Tp kt cc nguyn liu lm hng ro

3.2. Xy dng hng ro

3.2.1. nh du mc ro

3.2.2. ng cc ro

3.2.3. Lm cng v lm hng ro

3.2.4. Sn mu hng ro

D n lm p phong cnh

51

52

2. Phn chia cc mc tiu theo cng tc

1.1 Pht trin mt chng trnh1.1.1 Thit lp ch v ti

1.1.2 Tm kim ngi thuyt minh

1.1.3 Chun b cc ti liu ca hi ngh1.1.3.1 Nhn c ti liu t ngi thuyt trnh

1.1.3.2 Chun b v in n s tay hi ngh

1.2 Xc lp ni v ngy t chc hi ngh1.2.1 Xc lp ngy din ra hi ngh

1.2.2 La chn v giao ph cc cng vic cho ni t chc hi ngh

1.2.3 Xc nhn v cc cng vic sp xp

1.3 Thit k v thc hin k hoch tip th 1.3.1 Son tho v in n Brochure ca hi ngh

1.3.2 Qung co

1.3.3 Hp th ca hi ngh

1.3.4 Tip nhn v hi bo v vic ng k tham d hi ngh

V D V WBS T CHC MT HI NGH

52

53

T CHC WBS NHM GIAO TIP TT HN

WBS l nn tng cho vic truyn thng trong sut qu trnh ca d n

Cc nh cung cp v cc nh thu ph da vo WBS vi mc chi tit kt hp cc hot ng thng ngy

Cc khch hng v cc nh qun l theo di quy trnh thc hin v so snh vi cng vic tm lc

Cc cng vic trong WBS c th sp xp theo cc cch khc nhau

C hai loi cng vic trong WBS: cng vic tm lc v gi vic hay cng vic chi tit

Cng Vic tm lc ch nhm cung cp thng tin hay mt tm nhn. Mi cng vic tm lc phi c mt ngha i vi mt s bn tham gia. Nu mt s cng vic tm lc khng c ngi xem th nn xa n i, min l gi vic vn gi nguyn, phm vi d n khng thay i.

Gi cng vic l cp thp nht trong WBS53

54

QUY M CA GI CNG VIC

Mt s nguyn tc ph bin:

Nguyn tc 8/80

Nguyn tc v thi gian bo co

Nguyn tc nu nh l n hu ch

54

55

GI CNG VIC TRONG WBS(WORK PACKAGE IN WBS)

Gi cng vic l cp thp nht ca WBS. Mt gi cng vicc xc nh mt cch r rng s c nhng c im sau:

nh nghi c cng vic (Ci g What)

Ch ra thi gian hon thnh gi cng vic (Bao lu How long)

Ch ra ngn sch theo tng thi on hon thnh gi cng vic(Chi ph Cost)

Ch ra nhng ngun lc cn c hon thnh gi cng vic (Baonhiu How much)

Ch ra trch nhim cu tng ngi i vi tng cng vic (Ai Who)

Ch ra nhng im cn gim st i vi vic o lng tin trnh

55

T IN WBS - (WBS DICTIONARY)

L mt ti liu c to ra t qui trnh thit lp WBS nhm mc ch h

tr cho WBS v chi tit ha ni dung WBS

L s kt hp cht ch cch thc trnh by mt WBS di dng bng vi thng tin b sung v mi hot ng. Mt t in WBS in hnh c xy dng s dng mt bng tnh. Thng tin vWBS nm trong vi ct u tin ca bng tnh.

Cc ct b sung c thm vo cha ng c hai loi thng tin hoch nh v kim sot ca mi hot ng. Cc ct trong bng tnh WBS:

Kt qu chuyn giao t cc nhim v (Task Deliverable)

C nhn/t chc chu trch nhim

Thi gian thc hin (Duration)

Ngn sch

Cc yu t ri ro

T IN WBS

WBS CNG ViCKT QU

K VNG

NGI CHU

TRCH

NHIM

CHNH

THI

GIAN

THC

HiN

NGN

SCH

YU T

RI RO

59

CC PHNG PHP C LNG CC CNG VIC

Phng php tng t

M hnh thng s

c lng t di ln

M phng

59

60

NHN DNG MT WBSTT

Thc trng v s hon thnh cu d n c th c olng mt cch ddng

N quen thuc vi i d n. Thi gian, chi ph v nhngngun lc khc c thcc lng mt cch ddng

N bao gm cc cng vic m c th qun l, c th olng v cc cng vic ny c lp vi cc cng victrong nhng hot ng khc

Thng thng, n s to thnh mt dng cng vic lintc tkhi bt u n khi kt thc

60

61

CC BC HOCH NH D N

Xc nh phm

vi d n

M t cng

vic

T chc

d n

Hoch nh

ngun lc

Lp tin

Hoch nh

kim sot

61

62

3. LP K HOCH TCHC D N

Xc nh cc tng tc ca d n

Xc nh nhu cu nhn s

Tuyn dng gim c dn v i dn

T chc i dn

Phn cng cng vic/Trch nhim/Quyn hn chocc thnh vin trong i dn

Hoch nh s phi hp v s truyn thng vi ccthnh vin c lin quan n dn

Cng c : s trch nhim 62

63

CC TNG TC CA D N

Thng ri vo mt trong ba loi sau:

Tng tc t chc

Tng tc k thut

Tng tc gia cc c nhn

63

64

STRCH NHIM(RC - RESPONSIBILITY CHART)

RC l mt cng choch nh v qun l m n phn cngcho cc thnh vin i dn cc trch nhim khc nhauvi s ch n cc hot ng dn

Cu trc phbin ca RC l mt bn m cc cttngng vi tng thnh vin ring bit v cc dngtngng vi cc nhim vdn

Cc trch nhim quyc : quan trng nht , quan trngthhai (Trgip), chp thun, thng bo, gim st, kimtra,...

64

STRCH NHIM - RC

R = Responsible (Trch nhim)

S = Support (H tr)

C = Consult (T vn)

A = Approval (Chp thun)

WBSCng

vic

Thnh vin trong i d nThnh vin ch

cht bn ngoi

Gim

c d

n

Thnh

vin 1

Thnh

vin 2

Thnh

vin 3

Nh ti

tr

Chuyn

gia cht

lng

Bnh An Hoa Mai Tin nh

1.1.0 R S A

1.2.1 R S

1.2.2 R C

1.3.0 A R C

1.4.0 C S

66

HOT NG Tun ng Hng Hoa Tin

Nhn dng cc khch hng mc tiu R S S

Pht trin bn cu hi nhp S R S

Test th bn cu hi S R

Hon chnh bn cu hi cui cng R S S S

In bn cu hi R

Chun b cc a ch mail R

Mail bn cu hi R

Tip nhn v theo di bn cu hi tr v R S

Nhp d liu R

Phn tch cc kt qu R S S

Chun b bo co nhp R S S

Chun b bo co cui cng R S

R : Chu trch nhim S : H tr

i d n

Ma trn trch nhim mt d n NC th trng

66

67

CC BC HOCH NH D N

Xc nh phm

vi d n

M t cng

vic

T chc

d n

Hoch nh

ngun lc

Lp tin

Hoch nh

kim sot

67

68

4. LP TIN THC HIN DN

Mc ch

t cc hot ng d n vo khung thi gian c th trin khai thc hin v kim sot

Kt qu

Biu tin d n (Gantt, mng)vi cc hot ng ti hn

Cc im mc

Cc k hoch khc c lin quan n tin (biu khi lng ngun lc, d bo lung tin, k hoch cung ng,,)

68

69

CCTIN TRNH LP TIN DN

i. nh ngha cng vic

ii. c lng thi gian thc hin cc cng vic

iii. nh ngha cc mi lin h cng vic

iv. Pht trin lch trnh d n

69

70

I. NH NGHA CNG VIC

Vic lp tin d n bt u t ti liu c bn v khis mt d n

Tm tt d n bao gm thng tin v thi hn bt u,thi hn kt thc, cc kt qu chuyn giao v ngnsch d n

WBS gip xc nh vic g s c lm

nh ngha cng vic bao gm vic pht trin WBS chitit hn cng nhng li gii thch b sung hiu r ttc cc cng vic c lm, v vy bn c th pht trinc lng thi gian ph hp

70

71

II. C LNG THI GIAN THC HIN MI CNG VIC

Sau khi nh ngha cc hot ng v quyt nh sphthuc gia chng, bc k tip trong lp tin lclng thi gian thc hin ca tng hot ng

Thi gian thc hin (D) bao gm thi gian lm vic thct trn mi hot ng cng vi thi gian tri i

N lc l sngy lm vic hoc sgi lm vic c yucu hon thnh mt cng vic.

Mi ngi ang lm cc cng vic nn to ra nhngclng v mt chuyn gia nn tm tt li nhngclng ny

71

72

III. NH NGHA CC MI LIN H CNG VIC

Bao hm vic tm tt li cc cng vic v nh r s ph thuc

S ph thuc c tnh cht bt buc : logic cng

S ph thuc ty : logic mm

S ph thuc bn ngai : bao hm nhng mi lin h gia hat ng d n v hat ng khng phi d n

Bn phi nh r s ph thuc s dng phn tch l trnh ti hn

72

73

SMNG

S mng l k thut c a thch trnh by trnh tsp xp cc hat ng

S mng l s trnh by di dng biu cc mi linh logic trong s, hoc s sp xp theo trnh t ca, cchat ng d n

C hai quy lut khi thc hin th ha mi quan h giacc cng vic vi mt s mng:

nh ngha cc mi quan h cng vic ch c gia cc gi cngvic. Khng nh ngha mi quan h cng vic gia cng vic tmlc v gi cng vic ca n

Cc mi lin h gia cc cng vic ch nn phn nh cc rngbuc v trnh t gia cc gi cng vic

74

S MNG:

MT VI KHI NIM C BN

Hot ng v skin (Activity & Event)

Biu hot ng theo smng : AON (Activity-on-node)

AOA (Activity-on-arc)

Mi lin h logic gia cc hot ng Finish-to-start (FS)

Start-to-start (SS)

Finish-to-finish (FF)

Start-to-finish (SF)

ng gng (Critical paths)

Cc hot ng ti hn (Critical Activities)

S tr hon (slacks) hoc s chi (Floats) 74

75

SMNG AOA

Lu : ginh thi gian thc hin cc hat ng tnh theo ngy; A=3 c ngha l hat ng A c thi gianthc hin l 3 ngy

1 2

3

4

5

6

7 8A (3) C (4)

E (3)

J(2)

75

76

SMNG AOA

Hat ng c biu din bng mi tn

Skin c biu din bng im nt

Ch c th trnh by mi lin hkt thc-Bt u(Finish to start)

76

77

SMNG AON CA DN X

Lu : ginh thi gian thc hin cc hat ng tnh theo ngy; A=3 c ngha l hat ng A c thi gian thc hin l 3 ngy

A(3)

B(5)

C(4)

D(5)

E(3)

F(2)

G(3)

H(5)

I(3)

J(2)

77

78

SMNG AON

Hat ng c biu din bng im nt/hp

Mi tn cho thy mi lin hgia cc hot ng

Cho thy nhiu loi lin hph thuc gia cc hotng

Phbin hn smng AOA v c sdng bi ccphn mm qun l dn

78

79

SMNG : MT VIKHI NIM CBN

Hot ng v skin (Activity & Event)

Biu hot ng theo smng : AON (Activity-on-node)

AOA (Activity-on-arc)

Mi lin h logic gia cc hot ng Finish-to-start (FS)

Start-to-start (SS)

Finish-to-finish (FF)

Start-to-finish (SF)

ng gng (Critical paths)

Cc hot ng ti hn (Critical Activities)

S tr hon (slacks) hoc s chi (Floats) 79

80

MI LIN H PH THUC GIA CCCNG VIC D N

Bn lin kt cc cng vic d n bng vic nh ngha s ph thuc gia cc thi hn bt u v kt thc ca cc cng vic vi nhau

C 4 loi lin h ph thuc gia cc cng vic trong Microsoft Project: FS; SS; FF; SF

80

81

CC LOI LIN HPHTHUC GIACCHOT NG

A BFSKet thuc Bat au

(Finish -to-start)B khong the bat au cho en khi A ket thuc

Loai phu thuoc V du Mo ta

FF

AB

SSBat au Bat au

(Start -to-start)B khong the bat au cho en khi A bat au

AB

Ket thuc Ket thuc(Finish -to-Finish)

B khong the ket thuc cho en khi A ket thuc

A BSF

Bat au Ket thuc(Start -to-Finish)

B khong the ket thuc cho en khi A bat au

81

Pht trin lch trnh

l g?

Pht trin mt k hoch m n m t th t v thi gian ca tt c cc hot ng cng vic v ai chu trch nhin thc hin cc cng vic

Mc ch Xc nh khi no cng vic s c thc hin

Nhn dng ai s thc hin cng vic

Phn tch s ph thuc v cc chui hot ng

nh gi cc yu cu v ngun lc, s sn c v tnh hu dng ca ngun lc

Nhn dng cc im mc

1/19/2015

82

Th.s

Pha

n Th Thu

Hng

NH NGHA CC IM MC (MILESTONES)

im mc l g?

im nhn dng m n cho thy s yu cu hoc s

hon thnh mt lot cc hot ng quan trng trong

d n.

Ti sao s dng cc im mc?

Gip trnh by tin trnh d n

Gip xc nh cc quan h ph thuc

Cung cp kh nng hin th cc thi im chuyn

giao kt xut quan trng

83

CC CNG C V K THUT QUAN TRNG

S Gantt

S mng

Phng php CPM hoc PERT

Thng s s mng

Phn tch l trnh ti hn

1/19/2015

84

85

PHT TRIN LCH TRNH D N THEO

S MNG

Cc nguyn tc pht trin s mng

Phng php PERT v CPM

Hp cng vic v cc thng s s mng

Kim sot sm v trnh thi gian d tr m

85

86

CC NGUYN TC CBN TRONG VICPHT TRIN SMNG

Cc hot ng trong s mng hng t tri sang phi, khngc to thnh vng lp

Mt hot ng khng th bt u cho n khi hot ng linquan c trc c hon thnh

Mi tn trn s mng ch ra mi lin h c trc hoc tiptheo sau hot ng

Mi hot ng nn c mt s nhn dng duy nht

S nhn dng ca mt hot ng s ln hn bt k s nhn dngca hot ng no ng trc n

Kinh nghim ch ra rng khi c nhiu hot ng bt u th mtim nt bt u c s dng ch r s bt u; tng tmt im nt kt thc ch r s kt thc d n 86

87

CC PHNG PHP PHN TCH S MNG

Phng php CPM (Critical Path Method)

Thi gian hon thnh mi cng vic l hng s

Nhn mnh n s nh i gia thi gian v chi ph

Phng php PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique)

Nhn mnh n vic c lng thi gian hon thnh cng vickhng chc chn

CPM v PERT ging nhau v phng php xc nhng gng vi nhng hot ng khng th b chm trnn thng c gi chung l CPM/PERT nhng khcnhau v vic c tnh thi gian thc hin ca cc cngvic

87

88

LTRNH TI HN(CRITICAL PATH)

L trnh l ng dn ni tip cc hot ng c linhph thuc nhau thot ng bt u n hotng kt thc ca smng

L trnh ti hn l l trnh di nht xuyn sut smng v l l trnh xc nh thi gian ngn nht hon thnh dn

Cc hot ng nm trn l trnh ti hn gi l hotng ti hn, cc hot ng ny c thi gian d tr(Foat/Slack) bng 0

88

89

S MNG AON : HP CNG VIC

ES (Early Start)

EF (Early Finish)

LS (Late Start)

LF (Late Finish)

D (Duration)

F/SL (Foat/Slack)

TFi (Total Float)

FF (Free Float)

D

ES EF

LFLS

F/SL

M T

CNG VIC

89

90

SMNG AON : TNH TON CC THNG SCBN

Xc nh ES v EF (Forward Pass)

i xui dng smng tnh ESj

Bt u thot ng u tin, ta c

ES1= 1

EFi = ESi + Di - 1

Ti mt hot ng ch c mt hot ng n

ESj = EFi + 1

Ti mt hot ng c nhiu hot ng n (Merge activity)

ESj = Max{EFi} + 190

91

SMNG AON : TNH TON CC THNG SCBN

Xc nh LS v LF (Backward pass)

i ngc dng smng tnh LFj

Bt u thot ng cui cng, ta c

LFcui = EFcui

LSi = LFi - Di + 1

Ti mt hot ng ch c mt hot ng tip sau : LFi = LSj - 1

Ti mt hot ng c nhiu hot ng tip sau (Burstactivity)

LFi = Min{ LSj } 1

Thi gian d tr : TFi = LSi - ESi = LFi EFi

FFi = ESj EFi -1

91

92

MIN

SMNG AONCA DN XMAX

C 4

4 7

96

2

D 5

4 8

139

5

E 3

9 11

119

0

F 2

8 9

1110

2

G 3

8 10

1311

3

H 5

12 16

1612

0

I 3

11 13

1614

3

J 2

17 18

1817

0

A 3

1 3

31

0

B 5

4 8

84

0

D

ES EF

LFLS

F/SL

92

93

S MNG AON D n ci to v trang tr nh ca

15 2

6 7

76

0

13 6

6 11

2116

10

11 4

8 11

1411

3

5 1

6 6

1414

8

10 4

1 4

107

6

D

ES EF

LFLS

F/SL

93

1 5

1 5

51

0

17 1

6 6

77

1

18 5

8 12

128

0

19 6

13 18

1813

0

20 3

19 21

2119

0

3 2

6 7

109

2

6 2

12 13

1615

3

7 3

14 16

1917

3

8 1

17 17

2020

3

12 1

18 18

2121

3

94

KIM SOT SM V TRNH D TR M

Khng phi mi d n u c ng ti hn

Nu mt d n c ngy hon thnh c p t t bn ngoi v

cho php c nhiu thi gian hn hon tt th tt c cc cng

vic u c thi gian d tr

Khi tt c cc ngy d tr c s dng ht, mt thut ng mi

xut hin l thi gian d tr m

Thi gian d tr m xut hin khi ngy hon tt c p t

bn ngoi l khng th no thc hin c.

Khi thi gian d tr l m, nhng s iu chnh phi c

thc hin nhm a cc k hoch tr li vi ng gng94

95

V D: D TR M

STT CNG ViCHoT NG

TiN NHIM

THI GIAN

THC HiN (D)

1 A - 2 ngy

2 B - 4 ngy

3 C A, B 4 ngy

4 D C 1 ngy

5 E B 12 ngy

6 F E 5 ngy

95Thi gian hon thnh d n l bao lu?

96

GHI CH

A 2

1 2

109

8

B 4

1 4

-2-5

-6

C 4

5 8

1411

6

D 1

9 9

1515

6

F 5

17 21

1511

-6

E 12

5 16

10-1

-6

Bt u

Kt thc

D

ES EF

LFLS

F/SL

M T

CNG VIC

Thi gian p t hon thnh d n l 15 ngy

96

97

PHT TRIN LCH TRNH D N THEO SGANTT

S GANTT c t theo tn ca ngi phttrin n vo nhng nm u ca thp nin 1900 -Henry L.Gantt

Mi hot ng c biu din bng mt thanh nmngang vi thi im bt u v kt thc sm nht

L mt phng php ph bin nht trong vic hin thcc k hoch ca mt d n.

u im: Tnh minh bch. Trc honh trnh by cc khoch, trc tung th hin cc cng vic trong cu trcphn vic

97

98

SGANTT CA DN X

98

99

CC BC HOCH NH D N

Xc nh phm

vi d n

M t cng

vic

T chc

d n

Hoch nh

ngun lc

Lp tin

Hoch nh

kim sot

99

100

5. HOCH NH NGUNLC

Mt k hoch d n tt nht khng th c hon

thnh nu nh khng c ng ngun lc vo ng lcv ng ni m n c cn n

100

101

HOCH NH NGUN LC

Bao gm:

Nhn dng v d bo cc ngun lc m bn cn thc hin cc cng vic d n

Phn b v cn bng cc ngun lc

Xy dng cc d bo chi tit v ngn sch

101

102

NHN DNG V D BO

CC NGUN LC CHO D N

1. D bo v lao ng

Chng ta cn bao nhiu cng lao ng cho mi cng vic c

tnh theo gi cng hay ngy cng

Chng ta cn bao hiu nhn cng tin hnh mi cng vic

Cc i hi v k nng i vi cc lao ng

2. D bo v cc thit b

Thit b bao gm cc cng c cn thit thc hin cng vic

Khng nn lit k cc cng c thng thng

Vic s dng thit b cng nn c tnh theo gi hay ca my

3. D bo v nguyn vt liu

4. Cc chi ph c nh102

103

1. D bo v lao ng

2. D bo v cc thit b

3. D bo v nguyn vt liu

C th l mt ngun chnh tiu tn ngn sch d n hoc cng c

th hu nh khng tn ti

Tng chi ph ca cc loi vt liu nn c d tnh t cc chi tit ca

sn phm

Tnh ton theo tng gi vic gip xc nh chnh xc thi im cn

n mi loi vt liu, t xc nh ngy t hng v giao hng

4. Cc chi ph c nh

C th thay th ba ngun chi ph trc

Khon chi ph cho nh thu/ngi bn

Chng ta cn xc nh tt c cc yu cu v ngun lc cho

mi gi cng vic

103

NHN DNG V D BO

CC NGUN LC CHO D N

104

PHN B V CN BNG CC NGUN LC

Phn b ngun lc cn thit cho cc cng vic v lp biu

khi lng ngun lc

Khi ngun lc yu cu vt qu ngun lc sn c th m

bo k hoch d n kh thi chng ta phi tin hnh cn bng

ngun lc

Cn bng ngun lc nhm ti u ha vic s dng nhn lc v

cc thit b c phn phi cho d n

104

105

CN BNG NGUN LC V D

M t hot ng

Hot ng c trc

Thi gian thc hin

(ngy) Nhn lc yu cu

(ngi)

A --- 2 3

B --- 6 5

C --- 4 4

D A 3 2

E C 5 4

F A 4 2

G B,D,E 2 6

- Nhn lc sn c l 10 ngi

- Tin kh thi ca d n l bao nhiu ngy?105

LCH TRNH BAN U

Cng vic

Cng vic tin nhim

Thi gian thc hin

(ngy)

S nhn cng yu cu

Thoi gian

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

A --- 2 3 3 3

B --- 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

C --- 4 4 4 4 4 4

D A 3 2 2 2 2

E C 5 4 4 4 4 4 4

F A 4 2 2 2 2 2

G B,D,E 2 6 6 6

Nhu cu nhn lc 12 12 13 13 13 11 4 4 4 6 6

107

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

Biu khi lng nhn lc

Kh

i

l

ng

nh

n

l

c (n

g

i)

Thi gian (ngy) 107

108

Cc vn m nh QLDA phi i mt

trong quy trnh cn bng ngun lc

Vn hn ch v nhn s v cc trang thit b

Vn s phn b ngun lc di mc nh.

Nu mi ngi lm vic trong d n ny cng hot ng trn

mt s d n khc ti cng mt thi im

Cc nh QLDA phi trnh tnh trng khng cn bng ngun lc khng ch m bo tnh thc t ca d n m cn mang

li hiu qu cho d n bi v mi s dch chuyn ngun lc

u c chi ph ca n

108

109

QUY TRNH CAN BANG NGUON LC D AN

1. Thc hin lp tin c bn khng c gii hn v ngun lc

v chun b d Gantt vi tt c cc hot ng c bt u

thi im sm nht

2. D on nhu cu ngun lc xuyn sut d n, xc nh nh

ca nhu cu v ngun lc s dng biu khi lng cho mi ngun lc

3. Chn ngun lc no dao ng nhiu nht v vt qu ngun

lc sn c. Dch chuyn cc cng vic c s dng ngun lc

trong thi gian d tr ca chng cn bng ngun lc

trong sut thi gian s dng ca d n.

4. V li s khi lng cho tt c cc ngun lc. Chn ngun

lc k tip v lp li bc trn 109

110

Chng ta phi lm g nu nh k hoch cn

bng ngun lc khng thc tin?

110

111

LCH TRNH SAU KHI CN BNG

Cng vicThi gian

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13A

3 3B

5 5 5 5 5 5C

4 4 4 4D

2 2 2E

4 4 4 4 4F

2 2 2 2G

6 6

Nhu cu nhn lc 7 7 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 4 4 8 6 111

112

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Cn bng nhn lc

112

113

HOCH NH NGUN LC

Bao gm:

Nhn dng v d bo cc ngun lc m bn cn thc hin cc cng vic d n

Phn b v cn bng cc ngun lc

Xy dng cc d bo chi tit v ngn sch

113

114

D BO CHI TIT V NGN SCH

D bo chi tit v ngn sch l tin trnh nh gi cc ngun

lc yu cu thng tnh bng tin hon thnh d n K hoch chi ph chi tit

D bo chi tit v ngn sch thng theo tin trnh tdiln, bt u vi WBS v yu cu ngun lc cho cc gicng vic v chi ph ngun lc.

Khnng leo thang chi ph nn c xem xt v s chophp ph hp nn c b sung c lng chi ph ban

u

To ra v hoch nh v lu chuyn tin mt114

115

CCLOI CHI PH CA DN

1. Chi ph trc tip :

Thng tnh theo tng gi cng vic

2. Chi ph qun l dn (Project overhead costs)

Phc v cho hot ng dn tng th

3. Chi ph qun l chung (G&A overhead costs)

Phn bmt phn cho dn theo t l thchhp

Ngun gc d liu cho vic d bo ngn sch chi tit: chi ph

lao ng ni b, chi ph thit b ni b, d bo cc thit b c

s dng trong nhiu d n, chi ph lao ng bn ngoi v thit

b, chi ph nguyn vt liu

115

116

MT K HOCH NGN SCH N GIN- BAO GM:

Cc bng tnh c bn

Bng tnh cc chi ph tch ly

th ng chi ph c bn (Baseline Cost)

116

117

TH NG CHI PH C BN

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

0 5 10 15 20

Thi gian (ngy)

Chi p

h t

ch l

y ($)

117

118

CC BC HOCH NH D N

Xc nh phm

vi d n

M t cng

vic

T chc

d n

Hoch nh

ngun lc

Lp tin

Hoch nh

kim sot

118

119

LM THA MN CC BN THAM GIA

THNG QUA VIC KIM SOT D N

Thit lp nn tng v cc bn tham gia

Dn dt d n lm tha mn cc bn tham gia

Xy dng mt k hoch kim sot

119

120




Xc nh v phn tch cc bn tham gia

m bo s cam kt ca cc bn tham gia

Dn dt cc bn tham gia



120

121

Tn V tr Vai tr Yu cu Mong inh

hngNhm

Nguyn

Vn A

G Quyt nh p

dng

Trn Vn B Ph

G

T vn gim

c thng

qua

Nguyn

Ngc C

TP

Nhn

s

Trc tip trin

khai

DANH SCH CC BN C LIN QUAN

Tn d n: __________________ Ngy chun b: ________

122






o lng cc quy trnh bao gm bng phn tch gi

tr thu c

Cc ty chn v hnh ng iu chnh

Cc cm by v nguy c ca vic kim sot d n

Xy dng mt k hoch kim sot122

123

XY DNG K HOCH KIM SOT DN

Xc nh nhu cu thng tinXc nh c chgim st : Ai, khi no, lm thno gim st tintrnh v kt qu thc

hin Nhng tiu chun i vi vico lng tintrnh, cht lng v

kt qu thc hin

Phng php thu thpd liucho vic o lng v nh gi

Tn sut thu thp d liu

Chun b v np cc bo co C ch cho cc hot ng iu chnh

Hoch nh ngun lc i vi cc hot ng gim st

Thc hnh qun tr ri ro : Phn tch v nhn dng nhng riro c linquan, v phc tho nhng chin lc i ph vi ri ro

123

124

K HOCH GIM ST D N

Kt qu

Ch s

o

lng

Ngun

d liu

Phng

php thu

thp d liu

+ Do ai tin

hnh

Cng

thu

thp d

liu

Cng

v cch

thc bo

co

Ai s

nhn bo

co

Mc tiu

tng th

Mc tiu

Kt qu

(u ra)

Hot ng

Ngun lc

(u vo)124

CH S O LNG (INDICATORS)

Nh l mt cng c qun l

L mt bin s c dung nh gi mc thay i

ca mt hin tng hay mt quy trnh

L yu t cha ng tt c nhng thng tin cn cung cp

cho cng tc qun l di dng con s

CH S C TH KIM CHNG KHCH QUAN(OBJECTIVELY VERIFIABLE INDICATOR OVI)

OVI nn miu t mt tnh hung r rang ca mc tiu mun t

c cui mt giai on nht nh

OVI c nh ngha tt bao gm cc im sau:

Variable : Thnh t mun o lng

Quantity : Tnh trng thc t v tnh trng mun t c (nh lng?)

Target group : Nhng ngi b tc ng bi d n(Ai?)

Place : Ni thu thp d liu/thng tin ( u?)

Period : Thi hn c lin quan (Khi no?)

OVI cn c gi l ch bo hoch nh

LA CHN CH S O LNG

Ch s o lng phi:

1. SMART

2. C gi tr (Valid)

3. Nhy (Sensitive)

4. n gin(Simple)

la chn cc ch s o lng thch hp, bn nn thit k

bn cu hi dnh cho nh qun l ( cc bn c lieu quan quan

trng) m n nhn mnh mt cch chnh xc iu g lin

quan n d n m h quan tm

128

T C S CHP THUN V CHUN HA BN TUYN B D N

iu ha cc mc tiu d n

So snh v m phn cc iu chnh

t c s chp thun v s cam kt

bng vn bn

To ra mt bn tuyn b d n

c chnh thc ha bng vn bn v c lu gi

c cp nht v c ci tin khi cn thit

128

129

BN TUYN B D N

L mt tp hp cc ti liu m ch r mc ch v cc yu cu ca d n, bao gm cc ph chun biCC BN THAM GIA D N: khch hng, qun l cp cao, v quyn hn ca gim c d n i vi cc ngun lc c tiu dng.

129

Documents

Cac Nguyen Tac QLDA,2015