Upload
undpenvironment
View
217
Download
0
Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
1/12
Equator Initiative Case StudiesLocal sustainable development solutions for people, nature, and resilient communities
Nicaragua
FARMER-TO-FARMERPROGRAM (PCAC), SIUNA
Empowered live
Resilient nation
Empowered live
Resilient nation
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
2/12
UNDP EQUATOR INITIATIVE CASE STUDY SERIESLocal and indigenous communities across the world are advancing innovative sustainable development solutions that wo
or people and or nature. Few publications or case studies tell the ull story o how such initiatives evolve, the breadth
their impacts, or how they change over time. Fewer still have undertaken to tell these stories with community practition
themselves guiding the narrative.
To mark its 10-year anniversary, the Equator Initiative aims to ll this gap. The ollowing case study is one in a growing ser
that details the work o Equator Prize winners vetted and peer-reviewed best practices in community-based environmenconservation and sustainable livelihoods. These cases are intended to inspire the policy dialogue needed to take local succ
to scale, to improve the global knowledge base on local environment and development solutions, and to serve as models
replication. Case studies are best viewed and understood with reerence to The Power of Local Action: Lessons from 10 Years
the Equator Prize, a compendium o lessons learned and policy guidance that draws rom the case material.
Click on the map to visit the Equator Initiatives searchable case study database.
EditorsEditor-in-Chief: Joseph CorcoranManaging Editor: Oliver Hughes
Contributing Editors: Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Erin Lewis, Whitney Wilding
Contributing WritersEdayatu Abieodun Lamptey, Erin Atwell, Toni Blackman, Jonathan Clay, Joseph Corcoran, Larissa Currado, Sarah Gordon, Oliver Hughe
Wen-Juan Jiang, Sonal Kanabar, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Rachael Lader, Patrick Lee, Erin Lewis, Jona Liebl, Mengning Ma,
Mary McGraw, Gabriele Orlandi, Brandon Payne, Juliana Quaresma, Peter Schecter, Martin Sommerschuh, Whitney Wilding, Luna Wu
DesignOliver Hughes, Dearbhla Keegan, Matthew Konsa, Amy Korngiebel, Kimberly Koserowski, Erin Lewis, John Mulqueen, Lorena de la Pa
Brandon Payne, Mariajos Satizbal G.
AcknowledgementsThe Equator Initiative acknowledges with gratitude the Farmer-to-Farmer Program (PCaC) o Siuna, and in particular the guidance a
inputs o Manuel Morales Navarro. All photo credits courtesy o PCaC. Maps courtesy o CIA World Factbook and Wikipedia.
Suggested CitationUnited Nations Development Programme. 2012. Farmer-to-Farmer Program (PCaC), Siuna, Nicaragua. Equator Initiative Case Study Ser
New York, NY.
http://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/events/2012events/Book_Launch/power%2520of%2520local%2520action%2520final%25202013%25208mb.pdfhttp://equatorinitiative.org/index.php?option=com_winners&view=casestudysearch&Itemid=8587/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
3/12
PROJECT SUMMARYThe Farmer-to-Farmer Program (Programa de Campesinoa Campesino - PCaC) has operated throughout Nicaraguasince the post-war period o the early 1990s, as part o theworldwide Via Campesina movement which advocatesor ood sovereignty, agrarian reorm, and democraticgovernance o ood production systems.
The Farmer-to-Farmer Program in the northernmunicipality o Siuna is one o sixty-ve such programsin Nicaragua which provide technical assistance to small-scale agricultural producers. The network began its work
in 1992 with the goal o controlling the rapidly expandingagricultural rontier within the Bosaws Biosphere Reserve,while aiming to enhance ood security, increase householdincomes, and strengthen regional governance throughoutNicaraguas newly designated North Atlantic AutonomousRegion. Three hundred volunteer extension ocers work inover 80 communities and serve more than 3,000 subsistencearming amilies.
KEY FACTS
EQUATOR PRIZE WINNER: 2002
FOUNDED: 1992
LOCATION: Siuna Municipality, Nicaragua
BENEFICIARIES: 3,000 families
BIODIVERSITY: Bosaws Biosphere Reserve
3
FARMER-TO-FARMERPROGRAM (PCAC), SIUNANicaragua
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Background and Context 4
Key Activities and Innovations 7
Biodiversity Impacts 9
Socioeconomic Impacts 9
Sustainability 10
Replication 10
Partners 11
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
4/12
4
he Farmer-to-Farmer Program (Programa de Campesino a Campesino
PCaC) operates in the municipality o Siuna, Nicaragua, through a
rowing network o socially-driven, environmentally-minded armers.
he program was ounded in 1992 with the aim o controlling the
apidly expanding agricultural rontier within the Bosaws Biosphere
eserve, while enhancing ood security, increasing household
ncomes, and strengthening regional governance throughout
Nicaraguas newly designated North Atlantic Autonomous Region.
CaC Siuna is a member o the worldwide Via Campesina (Farmers
Way) movement which advocates or ood sovereignty, agrarian
eorm, and democratic governance o ood production systems.
o achieve its goals, PCaC employs a armer-to-armer inormation-
haring methodology to promote sustainable soil use practices ando raise awareness o sustainable arming and ranching practices.
Over the past two decades, PCaC Siuna and its growing network o
edicated volunteer promoters have contributed not only to the
evelopment o an eective resource management ramework or
he region, but also to the social integration and reconciliation o
his war-torn rural population.
Programa de Campesino a Campesino in Nicaragua
CaC Siuna is one o sixty-ve municipal PCaC arming programs
n Nicaragua which provide technical assistance to small-scale
gricultural producers. The program builds producer capacity
with direct technical assistance or sustainable soil management,aying specic attention to soil conservation, rehabilitation, ertility,
nd erosion control, and drawing heavily rom local expertise
n ormulating their arm planning and management strategies.
heir most successul initiative has been the introduction o the
elvet bean and other leguminous crops or soil rehabilitation and
management.
Civil war and its impact on agriculture
he nationwide movement emerged during the turbulent post-war
period o the early 1990s, ollowing almost a decade o erce
war. The confict ractured the country, polarized communities
amilies, and drew much o the countrys population rom the
agricultural sector into combat. The Siuna region endured som
the ercest ghting between Sandinista and Contra orces. A
imposed trade embargo, coupled with the Sandinista governm
adoption o Soviet-style economic policies served to cripple
economy and compelled the Nicaraguan government to im
Background and Context
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
5/12
55
trict austerity measures upon an impoverished populace already
acking in ood and basic services. The country also experienced an
larming depreciation o its currency that reached 30,000 per cent
y the end o the decade. The protracted nature o the confict and
ontinued economic deterioration caused agricultural production
n Nicaragua to decline drastically in the 1980s. Total agricultural
roduction dropped by over 40 per cent in 1980 ollowing the
nset o war, and continued to decline by an estimated ve per cent
er year until 1993. During this period arm incomes in Nicaragua
eached their lowest levels in modern history. Siuna and Bosawsontinued to experience a high level o confict ater the 1987
Central American Peace Agreements, as armed movements sought
eparation or civil war losses. Inhabitants o the newly designated
utonomous region were largely let to govern themselves in this
solated yet resource-rich territory, which included the poorly
managed Bosaws Biosphere Reserve.
Bosaws Biosphere Reserve
osaws was established in 1979, partially in response to a growing
worldwide recognition o the need to conserve critical ecological
ones. The reserve covers approximately 14 percent o Nicaraguaserritory, or 2,800,000 ha, with the core zone covering close to one
million hectares. Together with the three neighboring protected areas
Honduras Ro Patuca National Park, Tawhaka Anthropological
eserve, and Ro Pltano Biosphere Reserve Bosaws constitutes
he so-called Heart o the Mesoamerican Biocorridor and represents
he largest protected tropical mountain moist orest north o the
Amazon basin. Biodiversity within the reserve is extremely rich, with
many rare or endangered species. As well as an estimated 100,000
o 200,000 insect species, the reserve is also home to notable bird
pecies such as Quetzals, Guacamayas, and the Harpy Eagle (Harpia
arpyia).
There are also around 130,000 people living within the res
Occupation within the core zone is limited primarily to the Mi
and Mayangas indigenous groups who number approxim
25,000. Another 100,000 mestizos, mainly subsistence armers
estimated to inhabit the buer zone. In 1997, Bosaws becam
biosphere reserve under the UNESCO Man and Biosphere Prog
joining a world network o reserves that are home to both wi
and local human populations.
As a national reserve, Bosaws is legally the property oNicaraguan government. However, given the variety o ethnic gr
living within and around the reserve, the diversity o interests
many natural and mineral resources, and its geographic loca
control and management o the reserve has been a complex is
Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the combined lack o a un
management authority, a poorly articulated management stra
and the ongoing armed confict in the region resulted in unche
use o the reserves resources and led to unsustainable agricul
encroachment deep into the reserves buer zone.
UNAG and origins of farmer-to-farmer exchange, 1980s
In 1981 the Sandinista government established the National Far
and Ranchers Union (UNAG) in order to orge a populist agr
ront. It was rom UNAG that the Nicaraguan PCaC movem
emerged in 1987, in an attempt to provide relie to rural popula
suering rom the eects o war. UNAG believed that a arme
armer exchange program which ocused on the improveme
agricultural production would help to ameliorate the deteriora
situation acing Nicaraguan armers and would contribut
the stabilization o the agricultural sector. This was also the
concrete assistance available to small-scale armers in an unst
political and institutional climate that avored state agricul
Fig. 1: Gross per capita Agricultural Production Index, Nicaragua,1975-2010 (2004-2006=100)
ource: FAO Statistics Division, 2012
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
6/12
6
enterprises and the ormation o inecient arming cooperatives or
ural producers.
PCaC initiated in Siuna, 1992
The initial PCaC Nicaragua proposal ocused on promoting a
oil conservation program aimed at small-scale hillside armers,
mplemented primarily in the dry areas o Nicaraguas Pacic and
central regions. In 1992, UNAG rst promoted PCaC activities in
Siuna to slow the advancing agricultural rontier within the newly
created Bosaws Nature Reserve buer zone, increase local ood
ecurity, and to begin restoring deorested areas in the southeastern
part o Bosaws. However, UNAG was unamiliar with the regions
humid tropical conditions and lacked a technology and resource
management plan or the specic conditions in Siuna. Slash-and-
burn arming was widely practiced in Siuna and contributed to a
variety o environmental problems: unsustainable hillside arming
damaged soils and accelerated erosion and nutrient loss, leading to
decreased crop yields. This compelled armers to penetrate urther
and urther into the poorly managed Bosaws reserve where they
could reely clear orested land in search o ertile soils. In responseo this situation, UNAG and PCaC Siuna developed an innovative
arming methodology which centered on promoting armer-to-
armer inormation sharing in order to help stabilize the agricultural
rontier and develop a resource management strategy attuned to
he diverse interests in the region.
An approach rooted in local capacity
The armer-to-armer inormation sharing exchange methodology
s one o the most salient eatures o the PCaC Siuna initiative. This
methodology involves the direct horizontal sharing o inormation
and experiences between armers, without the intermediary
ntervention o proessional sta. The approach representedan important departure rom traditional vertical pedagogical
elationships prevailing in Nicaragua regarding the transer o
knowledge and technology. Many armers have attributed their
uccess to the act that the transer o conocimiento, or knowledge,
s more eective when it comes rom people they can understand
and whose agricultural lexicon is similar to their own. Initially, there
was a great deal o skepticism rom a number o sectors, including
organizations that worked with rural armers, as well as rom
tate entities that oversaw agrarian development in the country
at the time. Some o these institutions believed that the methods
ntroduced by PCaC signaled a reversion to archaic agricultural
practices which the government had been attempting to modernize.
Despite this initial skepticism, PCaC Siuna continued promotingarmer exchange programs with great success.
Evolution of the PCaC Siuna approach, 1990s
n August 1993, three armers rom the Rosa Grande community
o Siuna participated in an exchange program in the community
o Can, in the municipality o Boaco, where velvet bean (Mucuna
pruriens) had been used to help restore and conserve soil ertility.
Velvet bean is a nitrogen-xing plant species that has been widely
used or improving degraded soils, as well as or human and animal
consumption, crop rotation and weed control. As a ertilizer, it
be incorporated into the soil at the fowering stage. Its biom
decomposes rapidly, releasing nitrogen into the soil. As a cover
it can remain in the eld until harvest. The bean is also a sourc
human ood and can be roasted and mixed with coee or maiz
Siuna, it is used as an ingredient in cajeta, atole, rice and beans
mixed with meat in meals. Velvet bean also provides erosion co
benets. The dense ground cover provided by the plant reduce
erosive orces o rain, improves rainwater inltration into the
and helps to preserve soil humidity. On steep slopes, especia
areas with high precipitation and soils with low inltration cap
the velvet bean methodology can mean the dierence betw
meager or healthy harvests.
The Rosa Grande armers were enthusiastic about what they
observed in Can and were eager to see i they could achieve si
results on their own arms. Between 1993 and 1994, 13 Rosa Gr
armers began experimenting with velvet bean, with word o
successes quickly spreading to ve other communities o S
From this beginning, PCaC in Siuna has grown into a movem
consisting o more than 300 innovative agricultural producersare experts in arming techniques suited or the humid tro
These armers work voluntarily in over 80 communities to tra
their knowledge to more than 3,000 amilies engaged in subsist
agriculture within the municipality o Siuna. Their eorts have
instrumental in developing a transormative vision o agricul
production rom traditional slash-and-burn to a sustainable sys
using green ertilizers and cover crops. Through their innov
resource management ramework, PCaC has helped to limit
advance o the agricultural rontier into the Bosaws Biosp
Reserve. The group has also made signicant contribu
towards the reconciliation o war-torn rural populations, which
strengthened systems o regional governance and awakened a
campesino social awareness.
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
7/12
77
Key Activities and Innovations
n a relatively short period o time, PCaC armers achieved remarkable
esults through the strategic planting o leguminous crops. During
he rst exchange between the armers o Rosa Grande and Can,
armers learned how the velvet bean could improve soil ertility, as
well as about the benets o intercropping, using organic insect-
epellents and ertilizers, minimum tillage, and contour arming
echniques. Since implementing these practices, soil quality and
arvest yields have improved dramatically.
Strategies for improving agricultural productivity
ntercropping the practice o mixing several crop species into
one planting parcel yields several notable benets. Farmers caniversiy their crops with complementary species such as cacao,
oee, peppers, and soil-enhancing legumes. This technique also
provides habitat or a variety o insects and soil organisms that would
ot be present in a single-crop environment, thereby enhancing
biodiversity. This biodiversity can in turn help to limit outbreaks o
rop pests. Farmers also produce natural pest repellents made o
on-arm items such as chili peppers, garlic, onion, and tobacco. As
he ocus is on repelling instead o killing, the shit rom chemical
nsecticides to natural insect repellants illustrates another strategy
n the eort to conserve biodiversity.
armers have also experimented with minimum tillage and contour
arming. Minimum tillage is a technique which involves tilling onlyhe specic portion o land in which a seed is planted. This allows
he majority o biomass covering the soil to remain intact, providing
protective covering o vegetation on the topsoil which would
otherwise be exposed to the powerul erosive orces o wind and
ain. Contour arming is a strategy well-suited to hillside arming,
nd is less labor intensive and more easible or subsistence armers
han terracing. Crops are planted in concentric rows perpendicular
o the slope o the hill and there they orm a live, natural barrier to
low the fow o run-o water and soil erosion.
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
8/12
88
Holistic farmland management
The success o arm management strategies has also allowed
armers to intensiy cattle ranching on existing ranchland without
having to expand their ranches in search o more productive soils.
There are signicant economic benets to be derived rom cattle
anching, but traditional ranching methods oten entail high-impact
and use. Previously, armers needed almost two acres o land per
ow or grazing; since the introduction o PCaCs arm management
echniques, around 0.5 acres per cow is required or grazing. This
s especially important given the continued surge in interest in
attle ranching. By demonstrating the eectiveness o their armmanagement methods, PCaC plays an important role in developing
basis or the integration o cattle ranching into a sustainable arm
management ramework.
arm mapping is also proving to be a valuable tool or land use
planning. Where armers may have once treated their elds uniormly,
hey are now seeing benets rom the more precise management
decisions that arm mapping and planning allow them to make. For
xample, problem areas on the arm can be pinpointed and mapped
or uture management decisions and input recommendations.
Also, the velvet bean arming method enables armers to plant
on the same land year ater year and thus to make longer-term
management decisions.
Communication methodologies
PCaC promoters use a variety o methods to teach others about the
benets o their arming techniques. Promoters use demonstrations
nd photo expositions to get their message across, and also make
use o more creative tools such as radio programs, olk music, and
heatre to convey their ideas. They also organize exchanges between
armers involving workshops, videos, photo presentations, poems,
ongs and drama to communicate experiences. The active role
that the armers have taken has created an environment o mu
respect and support and motivates others to contribute to the e
The PCaC has solved signicant problems with sustain
alternatives, the velvet bean having been especially pivot
helping to stabilize crop production and relieve pressure on
Bosaws reserve. The program helps to bring together dispe
arming households and create a basis or a healthy, se
community. It succeeds because it addresses not just the sympt
o deorestation but the causes, driven by the people who dev
and promote methods appropriate or the local customs
environment.
Fig. 2: PCaC Siuna, number of promoters and farmers (1993-2000)
ource: Cullar, N., and Kandel, S., 2007
34 76305
1,030 1,100
1,677
2,105
3,000
10 25 43 37 80 88158
300
1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000
Farmers Promoters
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
9/12
9
Impacts
BIODIVERSITY IMPACTSince the beginning o the project, PCaC has protected approximately
20,000 hectares o land orming an important watershed rom
deorestation. This has led to an increase o species whose habitats
were previously threatened by the encroachment o agriculture.
Biodiversity in the area has also benetted rom active reorestation.
Recent internal PCaC reports state that an estimated 3,000 armers
n 80 communities use the velvet bean cover crop on more than
,000 ha rather than relying on burning practices. Some 300
amilies have seen their agricultural production stabilized with
planned and diversied arms. By increasing amily ood security,
PCaCs participants have greatly reduced the impetus or new landlearance. Their actions have protected 2,500 ha o orest rom tree
elling, while 15,000 ha o orest have been set aside or restoration
n those 80 communities.
PCaC contributes to the eective management o Bosaws by helping
educe pressure on the reserve and promoting new conservation
wareness and attitudes among armers and ranchers. Tree nurseries
have been established in many communities and PCaC has helped
o plant approximately 25,000 allspice trees (Pimienta doica) and
n additional 10,000 trees o other species in agroorestry systems.
PCaC and its participants have created 1,000 ha o corredores
biolgicos campesinos (Farmer Biological Corridors) which serve as
buer zones to Bosaws. Three hundred producers have each putside between 3.5 and 14 hectares o protected orest. Thousands o
rees have been planted along regeneration corridors that link their
ands to the biosphere reserve with plans to plant a urther 10,000
rees rom 20 dierent species.
A project is also being explored to install a processing plant or
he extraction o essential oils rom dierent species, including
llspice, ginger, lemongrass and cinnamon. The goal or PCaC and
ts extensive network o agricultural producers is to be able to derive
ncome rom the orest without destroying it.
SOCIOECONOMIC IMPACTSThrough their work with PCaC, the volunteer promoters have sh
that the cultivation o a variety o crops can increase the er
o the land when it is undertaken hand-in-hand with impro
agricultural practices. These eorts are already bearing ru
the orm o generating ood or both consumption and sale.
3,000 producers have experimented with the velvet bean ert
on their arms with impressive results. In 32 communities o S
participating armers have proven that corn, rice, beans, plan
yucca, pineapple, sugar cane, and taro root can be planted wit
slash-and-burn techniques, while the use o leguminous cover c
improves soil ertility. This has enabled amilies to meet their
ood needs and sell their extra produce at market, even dudrought years. All o this has had a direct positive impact on qu
o lie and has contributed to improved diets o producer amili
Social stability is also being strengthened in the region as a r
o PCaCs eorts. Farmers play a leading role in training, organ
and executing activities carried out by PCaC in the commun
where it operates. Such participation enables communities to
the lead in ostering the development o local processes tha
beyond agricultural production and into the social, political
organizational spheres at the community level.
Another impact o the new techniques is that armers are no lo
orced to travel long distances to nd ertile lands to cultiThey are able to enhance the productivity o lands closer to h
making their eort more ecient. They can now dedicate more
to production and can better saeguard their crops against p
animals, and thieves. This also enables amilies to save valuable
rom long hikes to their arms, and allows more armers to
together on smaller plots. This has also had the eect o increa
participation in domestic chores such as etching water, chop
rewood, raising animals, and ood preparation. Another advan
o the amily arms is that it reduces the amount o time that chil
must help out on the arm, allowing them more time to at
school.
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
10/12
10
Sustainability and Replication
SUSTAINABILITYhe PCaC program, which began as an experimental soil and
water conservation project with a simple communication strategy,
as scaled up to become a diverse, holistic movement seeking to
onstruct an alternative strategy or the development o Nicaraguan
griculture. PCaC Siuna has become a well-known reerence point
n the eld o rural development programs currently operating in
Central and South America and the Caribbean. Results achieved
ntil now show that the program in Siuna has transcended its status
s a soil and water conservation pilot project to become a broad
gricultural movement through which small armers are adapting to
he challenges conronting rural areas and stimulating bottom-upgricultural sector development. PCaC encourages experimentation
nd participation by armers while strengthening their organizational
nd technical capacity and spurring the accumulation o armer
nowledge. The program is a driving orce in the development o
ocial and human capital in Siuna and contributes greatly to the
management and governance o the regions resources. This has
pened armer communities to the prospect o introducing new
echnologies into their arming systems and has achieved positive
hanges in social and environmental awareness.
REPLICATION
CaC has evolved rom a pilot project to an alternative developmentnitiative at the local, national, and international level. Successul
esults spoke volumes and interest in the program grew steadily,
with the network o PCaC promoters growing rom just ten armers
n 1993 to over 3,000 armers by 1999. With support rom the
Agricultural Frontier Program, PCaC Siuna acquired technologies
uch as televisions, video cameras, and motorcycles that enabled the
rganisation to expand its reach into other communities. Thousands
armers have now attended workshops ocusing on seed
election, the use o natural insecticides, and alternative techniques
or plowing, planting and ertilizing. From this, an extensive and
cohesive network o armer promoters continues to grow, expan
their knowledge o sustainable resource management practice
In 1998, the initiative was visited by a World Bank representati
investigate the potential or extraction and commercializatio
essential oils rom crops such as allspice. This sparked the int
o 15 communities and led to the ormation o the Siuna Mul
Services and Essential Oils Extraction Cooperative (COOPESIU
Several universities across Nicaragua have also incorporated
armer-to-armer horizontal inormation sharing methodology
their graduate programs in rural development.
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
11/12
1111
y 1999, PCaC Siuna had expanded into over 60 per cent o the
ommunities in the municipality. Knowledge o sustainable
griculture techniques has now been passed on to more than
,000 amilies in over 80 communities in the region. The group has
metamorphosed urther with several cooperatives undertaking
rojects in housing, water and sewage acilities, education,
eorestation and re prevention with other communities. Seventy-
hree associations aliated with PCaC Siuna are currently seeking
egal status in Matagalpa, Santa Rosa del Pen, Masaya, Siuna,oaco, Chontales, Madriz, Managua, Rivas, Nueva Segovia, Rio San
uan and Carazo.
ommunities rom several countries are now also learning rom
he PCaC Siuna experience. During the late 1990s and early 2000s,
he organization began conducting exchange visits throughout
entral America and joined the Central American Indigenous and
easant Coordinator o Communal Agroorestry (ACICAFOC), based
n Costa Rica. ACICAFOC is a non-prot organization that convenes
associations, cooperatives, ederations and organized group
small- to medium-scale agroorestry producers, indigenous pe
and peasant communities throughout Central America wor
to manage natural resources and achieve ood security and
sustainable economic development o their communities.
PARTNERS
PCaC has worked with a variety o partners including the NatiFarmers and Ranchers Union o Nicaragua (UNAG), the
Foundation, the Interchurch Organisation or Developm
Cooperation, Oxam Great Britain, Agricultural Frontier Prog
(PFA) Central American Indigenous and Peasant Coordinato
Communal Agroorestry (ACICAFOC), Promocin de Equ
Mediante el Crecimiento Economico (PEMCE), Lutheran World R
Echanges et Solidarit 44, Brot fr die Welt (Bread or the World)
MS America Central.
7/27/2019 Case Studies UNDP: FARMER-TO-FARMERS PROGRAM (PCAC) SIUNA, Nicaragua
12/12
Click the thumbnails below to read more case studies like this:
Equator Initiative
Environment and Energy GroupUnited Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
304 East 45th Street, 6th Floor
New York, NY 10017
Tel: +1 646 781 4023
www.equatorinitiative.org
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the UNs global development network, advocating or change
onnecting countries to knowledge, experience and resources to help people build a better lie.
The Equator Initiative brings together the United Nations, governments, civil society, businesses and grassroots organizati
o recognize and advance local sustainable development solutions or people, nature and resilient communities.
2012 by Equator Initiative
All rights reserved
FURTHER REFERENCE
Cullar, N., and Kandel, S. 2007. The Campesino to Campesino Program of Siuna, Nicaragua: Context, Accomplishments and Challenges.
ter or International Forestry Research (CIFOR), Indonesia. http://www.cior.org/acm/download/pub/grassroot/Siuna_eng%20All.p
PCaC PhotoStory (Vimeo) http://vimeo.com/24481441
PCaC Video (Vimeo) http://vimeo.com/27255314
http://www.cifor.org/acm/download/pub/grassroot/Siuna_eng%20All.pdfhttp://vimeo.com/24481441http://vimeo.com/24481441http://www.cifor.org/acm/download/pub/grassroot/Siuna_eng%20All.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348151615.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348151517.pdfhttp://www.equatorinitiative.org/images/stories/com_winners/casestudy/case_1348261012.pdf