CEMENT DE-NOx APPLICATION IN EUROPE

欧洲水泥工业脱硝应用介绍

1) The European Cement Industry欧洲水泥工业现状

Manufacturing Technologies生产技术

Capacity from 1 000 to 5500 t/d

处理能力从 1000 到 5500 t/d

SNCR technology for NOx reduction is applicable on these technologies both dry and wet.

SNCR 脱硝技术同时适用于干法和湿法

Technology 技术类别 Pre Heater Towers 预热塔 Pre Calciner Towers 预分解窑 Lepol Gates 立波尔窑 Long kilns 长转窑

DENOX STATUS行业脱硝现状

• 283 Cement Manufacturing lines (2009)

283 家水泥生产线

• The majority of the plants in West Europe are equipped with SNCR technology

西欧大部分水泥厂都配备 SNCR 系统

• First installations made 20 years ago.

20 年前安装了第一套 SNCR 系统

• One SCR installation

目前仅有一套水泥 SCR 系统

2) The European NOx Legislation欧盟关于 Nox 排放的相关规范

EU directive for Cement Plants not using waste as fuel以非废弃物作为燃料的水泥厂的欧盟指令

1. For plants using dry technology with heat recovery

工厂采用干法（带余热回收）

• 1 200 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

2. For plants using half dry technology

工厂采用半干法

• 1 500 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

3. For plants using wet or dry technology without heat recovery

工厂采用湿法和干法（不带废热回收）

• 1 800 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

EU directive 2000/76/EU for Waste incineration in Cement Plants

2000/76/EU 以废物焚烧水泥厂的欧盟指令FOR PREHEATER & PRE-CALCINER TECHNOLOGY

• For older plants using maximum 40% waste as fuel

使用 40% 以下废物作燃料的现有工厂

• 800 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

• Locally more strict rules 当地更严格的法规

2. For newer plants using maximum 40% waste as fuel

使用 40% 以下废物作燃料的新建工厂

• 500 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

• Locally more strict rules 当地更严格的法规

3. For all plants using more than 40% waste as fuel

使用超过 40% 以上废物作燃料的工厂

• Local rules pointing at 200 mg/Nm3 as 24 hours average

局部地区更严格规定 24 小时的平均值是 200 mg/Nm3

Typical Type of Waste used使用废物的典型类型

1. Tires

轮胎

2. Plastic fluff

塑料绒毛

3. Waste oils

废油

4. Animal fat

动物脂肪

5. House hold waste

生活垃圾

6. Wood

木材

Future Trend未来的趋势

• Long kilns shall apply 800 mg/Nm3

长转窑应采用 800 mg/Nm3

• Pre heater and Pre calciner Towers shall apply 500 mg/Nm3

预热器和预分解窑应采用 500 mg/Nm3

• Locally more strict rules pointing at 200 mg/Nm3

局部更严格的法规是 200 mg/Nm3

3) The SNCR Process in Cement Plants水泥厂 SNCR 工艺

Two reagents compare 两种还原剂对比

Ammonium hydroxide (NH4OH)氨水• Reaction is more direct

反应更直接• Higher NOx reductions

高效的去除率• Lower ammonia slip

较低氨逃逸• Higher chemical reaction

efficiency较高的化学反应效率

Urea solution ((NH2)2CO)尿素 • Reaction more complex

反应更复杂• Formation of laughing gas （ N2

O ）形成笑气 ( 温室气体）

• Lower NOx reductions较低的去除率

• Higher ammonia slip较高的氨逃逸

• Higher CO formation较高的 CO 形成

Effect of the temperature温度的影响

Injection locations is key喷射位置至关重要

Injector itself is key 喷枪的重要性

4) What NOx reduction can be achieved?

能达到的 NOx 去除率？

Urea or ammonium hydroxide?尿素或氨水？

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Reduction of the Petro SNCR system with 25% NH4OH / urea solution

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Efficiency (AUF) of the Petro SNCR system with 25% NH4OH / urea solution

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– 70-90 % NOx reduction possible with SNCR technology using ammonium-hydroxide.

– SNCR 用氨水可达到 70-90% 的 NOx 去除率– 30-40 % NOx reduction possible with SNCR

technology using urea.– SNCR 用尿素可达到 30-40% 的 NOx 去除率– 60-85% chemical efficiency possible with SNCR

technology using ammonium-hydroxide.– SNCR 用氨水可达到 60-85% 的化学效率– 20-40 % chemical efficiency possible with SNCR

technology using urea– SNCR 用尿素可达到 20-40% 的化学效率

Cost saving – example 费用对比 - 举例

Evaluation of the difference in cost using 40% urea / 25% ammonium hydroxide as reagent:40% 的尿素和 25% 的氨水的使用耗量评估•Flue gas flow （烟气流量） : 300.000 Nmc/h @10% O2, dry•NOx baseline （基准值） : 1000 mg/Nmc @10% O2, dry•NOx target （目标值 1 ） : 750 mg/Nmc @10% O2, dry (25% reduction)•NOx target （目标值 2 ） : 450 mg/Nmc @10% O2, dry (55% reduction)•Hours / year （年运行时间） : 7200 hours /year•Cost of reagent （还原剂单价） : 160 Euro/ton (for each reagent)

Reagent还原剂 Reduction

Consumption year [ton]

每年耗量Estimated cost /

year

Urea 40% 25% 3168 € 506.880,00

Urea 40% 55% 7524 € 1.203.840,00

NH4OH 25% 25% 1029 € 164.586,24

NH4OH 25% 55% 2424 € 387.878,40

ReductionCost

saving/year

25% € 342.293,76

55% € 815.961,60

6) DENOX TECHNOLOGY脱硝技术选择

CONCLUSION结论

• SNCR technology with ammonium-hydroxide capable to meet

most stringent NOx reduction needs

使用氨水的 SNCR 技术能够满足最严格的 NOx 的降低需求

• SCR much more expensive. Only a few installations in the world

SCR 投资和运营成本过高。全球范围内仅仅有少量的安装

China representation大中华区全权代表

Petro Miljö AB(SNCR)

TECHSPRAY (Coopertor in China)

上海泰欣（ PM 大中华区 SNCR 唯一技术集成商）

HK香港

PRC大陆 ·

MACAO澳门

TAIWAN台湾

THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION

Xiamen 29 October 2011Bengt Hellmansson

Petro Miljö AB