Ch06 Nonverbal Comm

7/23/2019 Ch06 Nonverbal Comm

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Nonverbal Communication

The World Beyond Words


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What is Nonverbal

Communication?

Messages expressed by nonlinguisticmeans

!"ncludes silent behaviors# environment#

arti$acts# and vocal intonation!"s a po%er$ul mode o$ communication


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Characteristics&'rinciples o$Nonverbal Communication


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(ll Behavior has

Communicative )alue Because %e cannot not communicate

May be intentional# but is o$ten unconscious

(lthough %e*re al%ays sending messages

through our nonverbals# these messages

aren*t al%ays received

We especially pay attention to nonverbals

%hen they contradict verbal

communication


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Nonverbal Communication is

'rimarily +elational +esponsiveness

! Communicates our interest in others* communication

! Women are generally more responsive than men! 'eople in lo%er,po%er positions tend to be better at reading

nonverbals

-i.ing ! 'ositive or negative $eelings about others

'o%er! Touch

)iolence and (buse

! /pace

! /ilence


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0( little more about the relational

nature o$ nonverbals1 Nonverbals are especially important2

!3or identity management

!"n de$ining our relationships 0eg# level o$

intimacy1

!3or expressing emotions %e don*t %ant to

express# can*t express# or don*t .no% %e*re$eeling


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Nonverbal

Communication

is (mbiguous

The same nonverbal can have multiple

meanings 3or example2

!"*m $eeling content smiles

!"*m $eeling a little stressed smiles!"*m a bit sad smiles

!" can*t believe you 4ust did that smiles

!5o% do " get out o$ this conversation? smiles


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Nonverbal Communication

+e$lects Cultural )aluesSome Examples

/pace

! (mericans tend to value more personal space than many other cultures

! Men tend to value more personal space than %omen Touch 06napp# 789:1

! (mericans ! : touches per hour

! British ! ; touches per hour

! 'arisians ! 77; touches per hour

! 'uerto +icans ! 7 disrespect$ul

! "n Brail2 more intense eye,contact is the norm


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Nonverbal Communication !

0Continued1


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The "nterplay Bet%een )erbal

and Nonverbal Communication

+epeating! @our nonverbals simply repeat %hat you*ve said

/ubstituting! @our nonverbals replace language

! =mblems 0eg# nodding1

Complementing > (ccenting! @our nonverbals add depth and meaning to your language

! "llustrators&($$ect displays

+egulating! @our nonverbals help regulate the conversation

Contradicting

! @ou say one thing# but your nonverbals say another


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Aeception

Nonverbals are under less conscious control# sodeception is more li.ely to be revealed throughour nonverbals

5igh sel$,monitors and people %ho have lots o$practice in deception are most success$ul at it

Women tend to be better at detecting deception

Aeceivers tend to ma.e more speech errors# tohesitate# to have higher vocal pitch# to $idget# blin.their eyes more# and shi$t their posture more


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Ai$$erent Types o$ NonverbalCommunication


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3ace and =yes


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3ace and =yes

ver 7;;; distinct $acial expressions =yes can be especially expressive

!Windo%s to the soul

Men and %omen have been $ound to beeually expressive!Men sho% the most emotion in the lo%er le$t

uadrant o$ their $ace

!Women sho% emotion over their %hole $ace


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Body Movement&6inesics

Body posture

Destures

Manipulators&3idgeting

An aside


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Touch

Touching is considered essential and

therapeutic

Touching can in$luence li.ing and

compliance

"s used to sho% intimacy or po%er&control

'eople %ith high status touch others&invade

others* spaces more than people %ith lo%er

status


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)oice&'aralanguage

Consists o$ vocal tone# speed# pitch# volume#number and length o$ pauses# and dis$luencies0ums# ahs1# etc

'aralanguage tends to be more po%er$ul thanlanguage

($$ects ho% other*s perceive us

! /tereotyping 0eg# accents# vocabulary# grammar "n$luenced by culture# gender# class 0intentionally or

unintentionally1

An illustration


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Try saying @ou love me to convey the $ollo%ing meanings2

71 @ou really do? " hadn*t realied that

:1 That ploy %on*t %or. " told you %e*re through

E1 @ou couldn*t possibly love me a$ter %hat you didF

G1 Me? "*m the one you love?

H1 @ou? " didn*t thin. you loved anyone


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/ilence

Can communicate contentment#

a%.%ardness# anger# respect#

thought$ulness# empathy

Can also be discon$irming


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/pace&'roxemics

'ersonal /pace

"ntimate distance

'ersonal distance

/ocial distance 'ublic distance

Barrier behaviors and territory

@ou

are

here


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Time&Chronemics

ur use o$ time re$lects2

!'o%er&status

!Cultural norms

!=xpectations

!"nterpersonal priorities


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'hysical (ppearance

Beauty is in the eye o$ the beholder

We tend to notice obvious things $irst 0gender#

race1# then note attractiveness 'hysically attractive people generally are

perceived better

"mportance placed on physical appearance can bevery damaging

"t*s %hat %e do %ith it that*s most important


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(rti$acts

"nclude clothing# 4e%elry# personal belongings#

accessories# etc

Communicate economic level# educational level#trust%orthiness# social position# level o$

sophistication# economic bac.ground# social

bac.ground# educational bac.ground# level o$

success# moral character# masculinity&$emininity

"mportant part o$ $irst impressions


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=nvironment

Communicates something about you

!We surround ourselves %ith things that are

important&meaning$ul to us!Ise arti$acts to de$ine our territory

Can in$luence interactions

5o% people use an environmentcommunicates something about them


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/ome Duidelines $or "mprovingNonverbal Communication


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Monitor @our Nonverbal Communication

Be Tentative When "nterpreting thers*

Nonverbal Communication!Nonverbals are personal and ambiguous

!'ersonal Juali$ications2

Ta.e responsibility $or your interpretations Ise " language to chec. your perceptions o$ nonverbals

!Contextual Juali$ications2 Be a%are o$ ho% the context might be in$luencing others*

nonverbals Be a%are o$ ho% di$$erent cultural norms might in$luence

others* nonverbals

Be care$ul not to 4ump to conclusions based on your o%ncultural norms

Documents

Ch06 Nonverbal Comm