Chapter 15 Section 2

The Great Depression and the Rise of Dictators

Fascism

• To put the needs of a nation above the needs of an individual.

Dictator• Absolute or total ruler• A country ruled by a

dictator is called a dictatorship

http://www.planetrulers.com/

current-dictators/

Communism• When property is shared by all.

Everyone is equal.

Expansion of Communism.██ 1920s and 1930s██ 1940s and 1950s██ 1960s and 1970s

A map showing the current (2011) states with self-declared communist governments. They are China, Cuba

, Laos, Vietnam, and North Korea

Police State

• Government has complete control and uses secret police to find and punish people who rebel or protest

What happened to farms after WWI? • During the war farmland in

Europe was destroyed. Farmers all over the world planted more food to sell to Europe. Some farmers bought additional farm machinery and land to up their production. When the war ended less food was needed, prices fell for the farmer. Farmers could not pay off their debts and sometimes lost their land and farms.

What did some governments do to help their countries during the depression?

• The governments began to limit the number of imports coming into their country. This encouraged people to buy products made by businesses in their own country. They were trying to increase the money in their countries, but this did not work. The U.S. created the New Deal plan which helped some but did not end the crisis.

• Leader of the Nazi/Fascist party in Germany• Promised to break the Treaty of Versailles• Restore economy• Rebuild military• Take back lost territory• Superior to other people

Adolf Hitler

Joseph Stalin • Communist leader in the Soviet Union • Took farmers land forced to work collective farms• Industrialize the country• Forbid religious worship• Secret police

Benito Mussolini• Fascist leader in Italy• Promised to keep

communism out • Return to glory of

Rome• Secret police

Why was it easy for dictators to take control?

• They would promise more money and better lives to the people during the depression, so in return people would support them to run their countries.

Fascist countries became strong through ______.

• Militarism

Militarism is the use of force or threat of strong armies to gain power

In 1924, who took control of Italy?

• The Fascist party, Mussolini.

How did many Germans feel after WWI?

• They felt as if their government had betrayed them.

• Blamed the govt. for the unemployment and inflation

What 3 things did Hitler promise Germans?

• He would restore the economy• He would rebuild the military power• He would take back territory they had lost due to

the Treaty of Versailles

What did Hitler and the Nazi Party do to Germany?

• They turned Germany into a police state.

What was the Rome-Berlin Axis?

• A partnership between Hitler (Germany) and Mussolini (Italy).

What did the Russian Communist party promise?

• They promised the Russian people an ideal society where people would share wealth and live well.

When did Russia’s name change and what was it changed to?

• During the 1920s and the name was changed to: U.S.S.R.

• Soviet Union.

What 4 things did Stalin’s government do in the Soviet Union?

• Took land from farmers• Religious worship was

forbidden• Told artist what they

could/ could not paint• Spied on people with

secret police

What was a result of Stalin’s government policies?

• Many people were arrested, deported, or even killed.

What did the U.S. do to aid the country during the Great Depression, and did it work?

• President FDR put his New Deal into place; this helped people throughout the country find jobs and gave government aid to the states. This plan did help some, but it was not enough to solve the economic crisis completely.

President Franklin D. Roosevelt

• President of the United States and started the New Deal programs to try to end the Great Depression

Explain the Stock Market Crash.

• During the 1920’s prices rose and many people borrowed money to buy stock, when prices began to fall people rushed out to sale their shares. The prices continued to go further down and eventually on October 29, 1929 the stock market crashed.

Bankrupt

• To have no money

Stock Market

• Organization in which shares of stock in companies are bought and sold

New Deal

• The program that President Franklin D. Roosevelt put into action to help put an end to the Great Depression

Great Depression

• After the stock market crash in 1929; business slowed, banks closed, prices and wages dropped, and many people were out of work