Pronunciation ( pht m)

TI LIU N THI TT NGHIP TING ANH 12 2013 - THPT HIP HA S 4 MR TRUONG

Ph lc

Page1. Pronunciation.........................................................................

1

2. Tenses ...................................................................................

4

3. Verb form ( Gerund and infinitive).......................................

8

4. Subject Verb agreement ....................................................

12

5. Reportsd speech ....................................................................

16

6. Passive voice ........................................................................

20

7. Relative clause .....................................................................

24

8. condition sentences ...............................................................

27

9. Prepositions and Articles .......................................................

32

10. Word forms .........................................................................

40

11. Clause and phrases of causes and effects............................

43

12. Clause of purpose ................................................................

47

13. Clause of concession ...........................................................

50

14. Com parisons........................................................................

53

15. Phrasal verbs . 56 16. PRONOUNS (I T TRONG TING ANH)............................. 59 17. (irregular verbs) .. 62 Pronunciation ( pht m)

I. L thuyt

A. Cc m hu thanh v v thanh trong ting Anh:

* Hu thanh /b, d, g, v, , z,,, m,n, (,l,r,,j,w/ + ton b nguyn m a,e,o,u,i.

* V thanh /p,t,k,f,,s,,t,h/1. Quy tc c bn ca vic pht m cc t tn cng vi s:

- s c pht m l /z/ khi theo sau cc m hu thanh( tr 3 m /z, ,/)- s c pht m l /s/ khi theo sau cc m v thanh tr 3 m/ s,,t /- s c pht m l / iz/ khi i sau cc m / z, ,, s,,t /2. Quy tc c bn ca vic pht m cc t tn cng vi ed:

- ng t tn cng bng ed c pht m l /d/ khi theo sau cc m hu thanh ( tr m /d/ )

- ng t tn cng bng ed c pht m l /t/ khi theo sau cc m v thanh ( tr m /t/ )

- ng t tn cng bng ed c pht m l /id/ khi theo sau cc m /t, d/

3. PHT M (PRONUNCIATION) : CCH PHT M S / ES V -EDT tn cng lThng pht m lThm S/ES c lV d

-p, -pe/ p // s /Stops, hopes, develops, copes

-t, -te/ t /Bats , hats, hates, writes

-k, -ke/ k /Books, looks, breaks, makes

-gh, -ph/ f /Laughs, photographs

-th/ /Lengths, deaths

-x, -s, -ce, -se/ s // iz /Boxes, kisses, pieces, houses

-se/ z /Uses (v), browses

-sh/ /Washes, smashes

-ge/ dz /Languages, bridges, ranges

-ch/ t /Watches, matches, catches

Trng hp cn li/ z /Pens, tables, disappears

T tn cng lThng pht m lThm ED c lV d

-d, -de/ d // id /Decided, needed

-t, -te/ t /Wanted, dedicated

-k, -ke/ k // t /Looked, caked,

-gh, -ph/ f /Laughed, paragraphed

-x, -s, -ce, -se/ s /Mixed, missed, pronounced

-p, -pe/ p /Dropped, developed, roped

-sh/ /Established, finished

-ch/ t /Scratched, stretched

Trng hp cn li v cc nguyn m/ d /Used (v), prepared, cleaned, stayed

B. Stress1. T c hai m tit( Two-syllable words)

- i vi t c hai m tit, trng m c th ri vo m tit u hoc m tit th hai.

i vi ng t, tnh t, trng t, v gii t c quy lut c bn sau: nu m tit th hai c cha nguyn m di hoc nguyn m kp ( tr ) th trng m ri vo m tit th hai.

Vd: arrive(v), attract(v), correct(a), perfect(a), alone(adv), inside(pre)... Nguc li nu m tit th hai c cha nguyn m ngn hoc nguyn m kp ...., hoc c kt thc bng mt ph m th trng m ri vo m tit u.

Vd: open(v), borrow(v), lovely( a), sorry(a), rather(adv).............

i vi danh t, nu m tit th hai c cha nguyn m ngn th trng m ri vo m tit u.

Vd: money, product....

Ngc li, nu m tit th hai c cha nguyn m di hoc nguyn m kp th trng m ri vo m tit th hai. Vd: balloon, design, estate...2. T c ba m tit( three -syllable words)

i vi ng t , nu m tit cui l m tit mnh, n s c trng m. Vd: entertain, resurrect...

Nu m tit cui l m tit yu, trng m ri vo m tit ng ngay trc n,vd: encounter, determine.... Nu c m tit th hai v th ba l m tit yu th trng m s ri vo m tit u tin.

Vd: advertise, speculate.....

i vi danh t, nu m tit cui cng yu hoc tn cng bng /u/, v m tit th hai mnh, trng

m s ri vo m tit th hai .

Vd: statistics, potato, diaster.....;

Nu m tit th hai v th ba cng l m tit yu,th m tit u tin s mang trng m.

Vd: quantity, cinema, emperor......TENSES ( Cc th )

1. SIMPLE PRESENT: (HT)Affir : S+V1 /Vs, esEx : Water boils at 100o c.

Neg: S+ do/ does + not+ V1Ex : Tom doesnt feel hungry.

Inter: Do/ does+ S + V1 ?Ex : How often do you go to school?

*(Be):am, is, are not ; (have):has/ have not +got = do / does + not + have

Din t : ( Tnh cm, cm gic, nhn thc hng.

( Thi quen, phong tc, tp qun.

( Chn l, s tht hin nhin.

Vi : EVERY (day, year), ALWAYS, OFTEN, USUALLY, SOMETIME, SELDOM, RARELY, NEVER, EVER, ONCE / TWICE / THREE TIMES + ( a day/ week/ month), all the time, now and then . . ..

Notes : Qui tc thm es i vi ng t c S s t :

- Cc ng t tn cng l : o, sh, ch, x, s, v z .

- Cc ng t tn cng l y m ng trc y l mt ph m ta i y ( i + es

( She studies, Tom tries, He plays . . .)2. PRESENT CONTINUOUS ( HTTD)S + am/ is/ are + VingEx: We are studying English now.

S + am/ is/ are + not + VingEx: She isnt writing when he comes.

Am/ Is/ Are + S + Ving ?Ex: What are you doing while I am doing?

Din t : ( Hng ang xy ra Hti vo lc ni vit.

( 2 hng ang ko di // Hti (while: trong khi).

( 1 hng ang ko di Hti th c 1 hng ngn t ngt xy ra(S+ V1/ Vs, es)Vi : AT PRESENT , AT THE MOMENT , NOW, RIGHT NOW, JUST NOW, !,3. PRESENT PERFECT: (HTHT)

S + has/ have + V3edEx: Ive just opened the door.

Ex: We have studied English for many years.

S + has/ have + not + V3edEx: Jack hasnt come recently.

Has/ Have + S + V3ed?Ex: How long have you studied English?

Din t: ( Hng Qk ko r tg.

( Hng va mi xy ra.

( Hng bt u trong Qk, vn cn tip tc Hti & c th tip tc Tlai.

Vi: BEFORE, ALREADY, RECENTLY= LATELY, EVER, NEVER, YET , JUST, TWICE, SEVERAL TIMES, SINCE + mc TG, FOR + khong TG, UP TO NOW=UP TILL NOW=SO FAR4. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS: (HTHTTD)S + has/ have + been + Ving.

Ex: We have been studying English for many years.

S + has/ have + not + been + Ving.

Has/ Have + S + been + Ving?

Din t: - Hng bt u trong Qkh, tip tc Hti & c th n Tlai

( nhn mnh tnh lin tc) - since + mc TG ; for + khong TG.

5. SIMPLE PAST (QK)S + V2edEx: I saw him yesterday.

S + did + not + V1Ex: She didnt come last week.

Did + S + V1 ?Ex: Did Mr. Lee phone an hour ago?

*(Be) : was / were ( wasnt, werent

Din t: - Hng xy ra & chm dt hon ton trong Qk ( xc nh r TG)

Vi: - YESTERDAY, AGO ,LAST (night, week, year)

6. PAST CONTINUOUS (QKTD)S + was/ were + VingEx: We were watching TV at 7 pm yesterday.

S + was/ were + not + VingEx:I was writing while my father was reading.

Was / were + S + Ving ?Ex: She was sleeping as the telephone rang.

Din t: ( Hng xy ra 1 gi / khong gi Qk xc nh ( at 7pm, from 6 to 7, )

( 2 hng din ra // Qk. (while: trong khi)

( 1 hng Qk ang ko di th 1 h ngn ngt xy ra (S + V2ed)

Vi: AT THAT TIME, AT THAT MOMENT7. PAST PERFECT (QKTD)

S + had + V3ed Ex: Last night I went to bed after I dad done my homework.

S + had + not + V3ed

Had + S + V3ed ?

Din t: - Hng xy ra trc 1 mc TG Qk hoc trc 1 h Qk

Vi : ( trc: S+ had +V3ed ; sau: S + V2)

8. SIMPLE FUTURE (TL)S + will / shall + V1

Ex: Ill buy it tomorrow.

S + will / shall + not + V1

Will / Shall + S + V1?

*Note: will not =wont ; shall not =shant.

Din t: ( H s xy ra trong tlai.

( Li yu cu (Will you + V1? ); ngh ( Shall I / we + V1 ?)

Vi: TOMORROW, SOON, NEXT (week, month,)

9. FUTURE PERFECT (TLHT)

S + will / shall + have + V3ed .

Ex: Well have already finished the work by the time you get back tomorrow.

Din t: ( Hng s hon tt trong tlai.

* Notes:

1) Near future: (Tlai gn) S + am/ is / are + going to + V1 : s, sp sa, d nh Ex: Im going to buy it tomorrow.

2)Mt s ng t sau y thng khng dng vi th tip din

- Be : Ex: I am a student now.

- Nhng ng t ch v gic quan: see, hear, feel, look (trng c v), smell, taste, recognize.

- Nhng ng t ch v cm xc: like, dislike love, hate, want wish, desire, refuse, forgive.

- Nhng ng t ch v l tr: understand, know, think, realize, suppose, believe, remember, forget, mind, expect, recollect.

- Nhng ng t ch s bt u, tip tc, kt thc: begin, continue, finish

Exercise:1. When I got home I found that water...............................down the kitchen walls

A. ran B. was running C. has run D. had been running

2. After he.......................his English course, he went to England to continue his study

A. has finishB. had finishedC. was finishedD. would finish

3. How.........................since we .....................college?

A. are you- leftB. were you- left C. have you been- have left D. have you been- left

4. I..................much of you lately. We..........................three months ago

A. havent seen- last meet B. didnt see- met C. havent seen- have meet D. didnt see- have met

5. The Chinese.......................spaghetti dishes for a long time before Marco Polo.................back to Italy

A. made- brought B. have made- brought C. made- had brought D. had been making- brought

6. When I arrived at the meeting the first speaker.................speaking and the audience...................

A. just finished- were clappingB. had just finished- had clapped

C. had just finished- were clappingD. just finished- had clapped

7. He.............................his job last month and then he..................out of work

A. lost- wasB. was lost- had beenC. has lost- wasD. lost- has been

8. In the last hundred years, travelling.......................much easier and more comfortable

A. becomeB. has becomeC. becameD. will became

9. In the 19th century, it.............two or three months to across North America by covered wagon

A. tookB. had takenC. had been takenD. was taking

10. In the past, the trip...................very rough and often dangerous, but things..........a great deal in the last hundred and fifty years

A. was- have changedB. is- changeC. had been- will changeD. has been- changed

11. She................Hanoi last year

A. wentB. goC. goesD. is going

12. Now you ..................from New York to Los Angeles in a matter of hours

A. are flyingB. would flyC. will flyD. can fly

13. When Carol....................last night, I................my favorite show on television

A. was calling- watchedB. called- have watchedC. called- was watchingD. had called- watched

14. By the time next summer, you....................your studies

A. completesB. will completeC. are completingD. will have completed

15. Right now, Jim.................the newspaper and Kathy...............dinner

A. reads- has cooked

B. is reading- is cooking

C. has read- was cooking

D. read- will be cooking

16. Last night at this time, they................................the same thing. She.................and he............the newspaper

A. are doing- is cooking- is readingB. were doing- was cooking- was reading

C. was doing- has cooked- is readingD. had done- was cooking- read

17. Sam..............to change a light bulb when he................and.........................

A. was trying-slipped- fellB. tried- was slipping- falling

C. had been trying- slipped- was fallingD. has tried- slips- falls

18. Every day I ______up at 6 oclock, ____breakfast at seven oclock and_____for work at 8 oclock

A. get- eat- leave B. have got- eating- leaving C. got- ate- left D. will get- have eaten- left

19. I_____ for this company for more then thirty years, and I intend to stay here until I_____next year

A. am working- will retireB. am going to work- am retiring

C. work- am going to retireD. have been working- retire

20. My mother is the first.................up and the last......................to bed

A. getting- goingB. to get- goingC. getting- to goD. to get- to go

21. I must have a bath. I ......................all the afternoon

A. was gardeningB. have gardened C. have been gardening D. had been gardening

22. The team.................a single match so far this season

A. doesnt winB. didnt winC. hasnt wonD. hadnt won

23. By the time you receive this letter, I ................for the USA

A. have leftB. will leaveC. will have leftD. am leaving

24. Up to now, the manager ..a lot of information about his secretary.

A. learned B. has learned C. had learnedD. learns

25. Where is Mary? _ She her homework in her room.

A. is performingB. is makingC. is doing D. is learning

26. While I .along the road, I saw a friend of mine.

A. was cyclingB. have cycled C. cycledD. am cycling 27. By the time I . . . . . . . . . . this report, I will give you a ring.

A. typeB. will typeC. have typedD. will have typed

28. While my mother ________ a film on TV, my father was cooking dinner. It was March 8th yesterday.

A. watched B. was watching C. had watched D. watches

29. The plane from Dallas ________ two hours late, so I missed my connecting flight from Frankfurt to London.

A. took on B. took in C. took overD. took off

30. When we came, a party _________ in the hall.

A. is being heldB. had being heldC. will be heldD. was being held

31. He .. in the same house since 1975.

A. has lived B. is living C. lived D. had lived

32. When I came to visit her last night, she ________ a bath.

A. is having B. was having C. has D. had

33.When we arrived at the restaurant, the others __________ .

A. leftB. have leftC. had leftD. are leaving

34. By the end of 2010 we_______ in Ho Chi Minh City for 30 years.

A. work B. will work C. have worked D. will have worked

35. I learned that the college ________ in 1900

A. found B. was founded C. founded D. had been founded

36. If I ________ 10 years younger, I _________ the job.

A. am/ will take B. were/ would takeC. would be/ took D. had been / would take

37. By the time he _____________ to the meeting, it had begun for 15 minutes.

A. had goneB. has goneC. went D. was going

38. He began to feel ill while ___________________.

A. he is doing the exam B. he did the exam C. he would do the exam D. he was doing the exam.

39. Since 1980, scientists the world over _____ a lot of things to fight against AIDS.

A. have done B. are doing C. didD. had done

40. Now my sister _____ a bicycle of her own.

A. is havingB. are having C. hasD. had

41. Last week, my professor promised that he _____ today.

A. would comeB. will come C. comesD. coming

42. My girl friend arrived after I _____ for her about half an hour.

A. was waitingB. had been waiting C. have been waitingD. have waited

43. I _____ in Quang Ngai before I moved to Binh Thuan.

A. have been livingB. have lived C. had livedD. had been living

44. There are many ways _____ to Rome.

A. is leadingB. are leading C. leadingD. led

45. While I ____________ T.V last night, a mouse ran across the floor.

A. watch B. watchedC. am watching D. was watching

46. I still cant believe it! My bicycle _________ last night.

A. was stolen B. had been stolen C. stoleD. was being stolen

47. While they were ________tables, he was _________ the radio.

A. arranging - listening to B. arranging hearingC. laying -listening to D. making- hearing

48. I suddenly remembered that I ........to bring my keys.

A. having forgotten B. have forgotten C. had forgotten D. forgot

49. By the year 2010 many people currently employed ________their jobs. A. will have lostB. will be losingC. have lostD. are losing

50. By September next year I_______ here for ten years. A. will be workingB. work C. will have been working D. have been working

(VERB FORM) - GERUNGS AND INFINITIVES (l thuyt)

I) VERB + GERUNDS

go+Ving

mind

ngi, n h

advise

khuyn

miss

nh, nh (tu,xe)

anticipategi cao, trn trgpostponehon li

avoid

trnh

practiceluyn tp

be/get used toquen vi

quit/give upb

cant helpko th ko

object toght,ko thch

cant standko chu c

recall

nh

cease

chm dt

recollecthi tng

completehon thnh

resent

ganh t

considerxem xt

resist

cng li

delay

hon li

risk

mo him

deny

t chi

suggest ngh

dread

kinh s

tolerate

dung th

discuss

bn bc

understandhiu

dislike

ko thch

theres no point in v ch

endure

chu ng

sit/stand/lie + t/ng ch ni chn

enjoy

thch, tn hngIts no use

ko ch g

escape

trn thot

Its no good

ko tt

excuse

bo cha

Its (not) worth

chng xng ng

face

i mt

spend/waste(time/$...)(on)tri qua,tiu tn (tg/$)

finish

xong

lool forward to

trng i

forgive

tha th

with a view to

c quan im

imagine/fancytng tng

have (difficult/trouble/fun) gp kh khn

involve

i hi

a waste of $/time lng ph tin bc/tg

keep

c, lin tc

mention cp

* Cc t theo sau gii t u chia V_ING

Ecxercise

S HO HP GIA CH NG V NG T

(SUBJECT- VERB AGREEMENT )

Theo lut chung mt ng t bao gi cng ha hp vi ch ng ca no - tc l nu ch ng s t th

ng t theo sau cng s t v ngc li nu ch ng s nhiu th theo sau l ng s nhiu. Tuy nhin, ta hy

ch 10 lut c bit sau:[1] : Hai hay nhiu ch ng s t c ni bi lin t AND th i hi mt ng t s nhiu - The boy and the girl love their parents dearly.

- Tom and Mary were late yesterday.

Tuy nhin, nu hai ch t ny din t mt ngi, mt vt hay mt tng chung th ng t vn s t.

- Bread and butter is my daily breakfast.

- To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in life.

[2] : Hai ch ng c ni vi nhau bng AND m trc ch ng c EACH, EVERY, MANY A, NO th ng t phi s t.

- Each boy and girl has a textbook.

- No teacher and student is present.

[3] : Khi hai ch ng c ni bi OR,NOR, BUT, NOT ONLY BUT. ALSO ,EITHER OR, NEITHERNORth ng t ho hp cng vi ch ng gn n nht

- He or you are the best student in this class.

- Neither Jack nor I am willing to do that.

[4] : Khi hai ch ng c ni bi AS WELL AS, NO LESS THAN, WITH th ng t ha hp vi ch ng th nht.

- John, as well as you, is responsible for this act.

- Tom, with his friends, is in the car.

[5] : Mt danh t tp hp ( collective noun ) cn 1 ng t s nhiu khi ta ng ni ti tng

c nhn to nn tp hp y,nhng ng t vn l s t nu ta ng ni chung chung coi c tp hp

nh mt n v - The family of this dead soldier is noble.

- The family go to the movies every Sunday morning.

Cac t thng gp nh: jury, commitee, crowd, team, group, majoriry

Lu y trng hp: The number of + Danh t s it

A number of + Danh t s nhiu

[6] : Khi ch ng l danh t c hnh thc l s nhiu nhng ngha li l s t th ng t chia s t.

- No news is good news.

- Physics is more difficult than chemistry.

cc danh t th ng gp nh : news, physics, mathematics, politics, gymnastics, phonetics, measles, mumps, rickets, the United States, the Philippines, billards, dominoes

[7] : Khi ch ng l danh t ch trng lng, o lng, gi c hay gi tin th c coi l s t, ng t theo sau cng s t.

- Ten thousand dollars is a big sum of money.

- Five hundred miles is a long distance.

[8] : Khi ch ng l i t bt nh nh : everyone, something, nobody,anything, any body, every thing, no oneth ng t theo sau phi s t - Nobody has opened the door.

- Is everyone present ?

Lu Y : 1) Khi each theo sau chu ng thi each khng con anh hng ti ng t na. Nu chu ng la danh t s nhiu thi ng t chia s nhiu , chu ng s it thi ng t s it

- Big cities each have their own special problem

2) Cac ai t both, several, few,many, others oi hoi ng t i theo phai hinh thc s nhiu

- Both were small

- Many of her books are in English

3) Mt s ai t bt inh nh: all, any, some, none, co th i vi s nhiu hay s it tuy thuc vao ng nghia ma danh t no thay th.

- All of the money is reserved for emergencies

-All of the candidates promise to improve the educational system

[9] : Trong cu bt u bng THERE th ng t ha hp vi ch t theo sau n.

- There stands a pagoda facing the little lake.

- There were a lot of people at the meeting.

[10] : ng t c ch t l i t quan h th phi ho hp cng ngi v s vi ti n v t ca i t y

- He works for the factory which makes cars.

- The man who is living near my house teaches us English.

[11]: Mt s t nhue paints, trousers, pliers, scissors, shears (keo ln), tong (cai kep), shoes, glasses, gloves la danh t s nhiu va cn ng t s nhiu i cung. Tuy nhin, khi co t pair (of) i trc cac danh t nay ng lam chu ng thi ng t theo sau la s it.

- The scissors are very sharp

- A pair of scissors was left on the table.

[12] : Khi chu ng la mt phn s , phn trm, hay cac t nh: half, part, plenty va rest thi ng t phu thuc va danh t b ng cho gii t i theo sau phn s hay phn trm o

- Sixty percent of his house is painted blue

-Half of thier relatives live abroad

[13]: Khi dien giai cac bai toan n gian nh cng tr nhn chia ta cn lu y. Khi cng hay nhn, ta co th dung ng t s it hay s nhiu u c

-Two and two is/ are four

-Three times three is/ are nine

Nhng vi tr va chia thi lun lun dung ng t s it.

- Nine minus four is five hoc nine minus four leaves five

-Fifteen divided by five is three

[14] Khi chu ng la ta sach tn cac tac phm ngh thut thi ng t lun chia s it.

- The Moon and Six Pence is for the Art for Art sake

Exercise:

Multiple choice: choose the best answer.

1. Each student to answer three questions.

A. have B. has C. having

D. to have

2. Plenty of milk consumed everyday.

A. are B. were C. is

D. was

3. SARS an epidemic that kills many people in china.

A. are B. were C. have been

D. is

4. The little girl with her friends coming here.

A. be B. is C. are

D. to be

5. The United States between Canada and Mexico.

A. lying B. lies C. lain

D. lie

6. The book for my English courses 25 dollars

A. costed B. costing C. cost

D. costs

7. Jane as well as both of you finished it.

A. doesnt B. dont C. havent

D. hasnt

8. Everyone in both cars injured in the accident last night.

A. was B. is C. are

D. were

9. Ten years of waiting nothing to those who are in love.

A. means B. mean C. to mean

D. meaning

10.The students in the next classroom very loudly everyday.

A. talk B. talked C. are talking

D. talks

11. Several of students absent yesterday.

A. has been B. had been C. were

D. was

12. A book or a newspaper precious for me when I am free.

A. be B. is C. are

D. to be

13. None of the students the test yet.

A. have finished B. has finished C. finished

D. is finishing

14. The cattle in the field now

A. grazing B. grazes C. has grazed

D. are grazing

15. Not only his friends but also Tom soccer.

A. likes B. like C. is liking

D. does like

16. The news so bad that she collapsed.

A. are B. was C. were

D. have been

17. The police for the thieves at the moment.

A. is looking B. are looking C. have been lookingD. will be looking

18. John nor his friends are going with us.

A. Either B. Together with C. Neither

D. Along with

19. The classroom with 10 tables 20 chairs in it.

A. has B. have C. is

D. are

20. Two tons of coal required.

A. are B. is C. have been

D. were

21. Economics me as much as literature does.

A. interest B. do not interest C. does not interestD. have interested

22. Not only his friends but also Tom soccer.

A. likes

B. like C. is liking

D. does like

23. A number of students in my class good at English.

A. is not B. are not C. was not

D. has not been

24. Both of the computers not working.

A. were B. is C. was

D. has been

25. Learning foreign languages necessary at all time.

A. are B. will be C. were

D. is

26. Money, nor fame, nor wealth brought happiness to everybody.

A. has B. have C. are

D. were

27. Most of the rooms in the hotel where we are staying air conditioning.

A. have B. had C. has had

D. has

28. The bottles of wine on the shelf.

A. is B. are C. was

D. has put

29. I think the teacher as well as his students good.

A. is B. are C. be

D. to be

30. None of the students the vice principal.

A. has seen B .have seen C. is seen

D. was seen

31. There a lot of expensive furniture in our uncles house.

A. have been B. are C. is

D. were

32. Each of you responsible for this.

A. are B. being C. is

D. be

33. Bill together with his brothers to the beach every morning.

A. going B. goes C. are

D. gone

34. Either the monitor or the athletes to blame for the bad result.

A. be B. are C. is

D. to be

35. Everyone with me about my plans.

A. agree B. agreeing C. disagree

D. agrees

36. Tim as well as his relatives safe from the hurricane.

A. be B. is C. are

D. being

37. The little boy with his friends coming here.

A. be B. is C. are

D. to be

38. Neither Jane nor her classmates nor her boy friend the problem .

A. understands B. understand C. not understand D. understand not

39. The results of Dr. Franks experiment announced on TV last night.

A. is B. are C. was

D. were

40. Fifty minutes the maximum length of time allowed for the exam.

A. is B. be C. are

D. were

41. Each of the teachers a timetable.

A. to have B. have C. having

D. has

42. The cost of living over 10% in the last few years.

A. rises B. has risen C. rose

D. is rising

43. Neither the teacher nor the students happy about the test results.

A. are B. is C. has

D. have

44. A number of sheep eating grass now.

A. is B. are C. was

D. were

45. Measles sometimes a serious disease.

A. is B. are C. being

D. be

46. The effects of cigarette smoking been proven to be extremely harmful.

A. has B. have C. is

D. are

47. The number of students who withdrawn from class this semester appalling.

A. has/is B. have/are C. have/is

D. has/are

48. The exercise on agreement of subjects and verbs easy.

A. are B. have C. has

D. is

49. Making cakes and pies Mrs. Reeds specialty.

A. are B. were C. is

D. be

50. The United Nations about 160 nations.

A. consist of B. consisting C. consist D. consists of

THE END ----------------------------------------------------------------REPORTED SPEECHA. PHN L THUYT Khi chuyn t cu trc tip sang gin tip cn ch nhng thay i sau y:

V i t ( ch ng, tn ng, s hu) v tnh t s hu.

Thay i v th ca ng t.

Thay i v trng t (thi gian v ni chn).

Quy tc thay i nh sau:

1. Th ng t:

ONE TENSE BACKDIRECTINDIRECT

a. Simple present : S + V (s / es)

b. Present continuous: S + am / is /are + V-ing

c. Past simple : S + V2 / V-ed

d. Past continuous: S + was / were + V-ing

e. Present perfect: S + have / has + V3/V-ed

f. P. Perfect continuous: S + have / has been + V-ing

g. Must / have to

h. Can / May / Will / Shalla. Past simple : S + V2 / V-ed

b. Past continuous: S + was/were + V-ing

c. Past perfect : S + had + V3 / V-ed

d. Past perfect continuous : S + had been + V-ing

e. Past perfect : S + had + V3 / V-ed

f. Past perfect continuous : S + had been + V-ing

g. Had to

h. Could / Might / Would / Should

2. Trng t:

DIRECTINDIRECT

- yesterday

- last night

- two years ago

- today

- tonight

- tomorrow

- next year

- this

- these

- here

- now - the previous day/ the day before

- the previous night/the night before

- two years before

- that day

- that night

- the / next/ following day/

- the following year/ the next year

- that

- those

- there

- then

3. i t v tnh t s hu:

Ph thuc vo ngi tng thut

Eg: I will give you a lift to your home, Ba Nga said.

Nga said to me that she would give me a lift to my home

Nga said to Ba that she would give him a lift to his home

CC LOI CU GIN TIP:

A. STATEMENTS

Ex 1: She is going to America for six months

( They say ( that) she is going to America for six months

I went home early

( She told me she had gone home early

Note: Nu ng t tng thut th hin ti (say)( ng t trong mnh tng thut khng c s thay i v th

Nu ng t tng thut qu kh (said / told) ( th ng t trong mnh tng thut phi li mt th.

B. QUESTIONS 1. YES / NO questions

Ex: She said , Are you thirsty , Peter ? . ( She asked Peter if (whether) he was thirsty.

He asked me, Did you go to school yesterday ?( He asked me if (whether) I had gone to school the day before2. WH QUESTIONS

Ex: He asked , What have you got in your bag ? ( He asked (me) what I had got in my bag

He said , Mary , when is the next train ? ( He asked Mary when the next train wasC. IMPERATIVE (Mnh lnh)1. AFFIRMATIVE (khng nh)Ex : Stay in bed for a few days. The doctor said to me ( The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days

2. NEGATIVE (Ph nh)Ex : Dont wait, he said to me ( He asked me not to wait Never do that again , she said to her son ( She told her son never to do that

CCH DNG KHC:

1. Lets + V0 . // Why dont we + V1 .. // What about + Ving .

S + suggested + Ving

Ex: He said, Lets have a drink. He suggested having a drink.

Timmy said, Why dont we go on a picnic Timmy suggested going on a picnic.

2. Why dont you + V1 . ? // S + should + V0 ..

S + advised + O + to + V0

Ex: She said to him, Why dont you go to the doctor?

She advised him to go to the doctor.

3. Yes, lets do agree

No, lets not do be against the idea.

Eg: Lets eat out tonight said the mother

Yes, lets said the son

No, lets not said the father

The mother suggested eating out that night and the son agreed but the father was against the idea. CC TRNG HP KHNG I THa) khi ng t tng thut v ng t chnh cng th.

Ex: My mother says to me, you are my little pet.

My mother tells me that I am her little pet.

b) S tht hin nhin

Ex: Galileo said, The earth goes around the sun.

Galileo said (that) the earth goes around the sun.

c) Th qu kh n nu r thi gian c th.

Ex: Tom said to me, My grandfather died in 1990.

Tom told me that his grandfather died in 1990.

d) Cu iu kin loi 2,3 v cu trc used to:

Ex: If I had much money, I would have travel around the world. Said the boy.

The boy said if he had much money he would travel around the world.EXCERCISE1. Julia said that she ___________ there at noon.

A. is going to beB. Was going to beC. will beD. can be

2. He _______ that he was leaving way that afternoon.

A. told meB. told to meC. said meD. says to me

3. She said to me that she __________ to me the Sunday before.

A. wroteB. has writtenC. was writingD. Had writing4. I _________ him to sell that old motorbike.

A. said toB. suggestedC. advisedD. recommended

5. My parents reminded me ________ the flowers.

A. remember to plantB. not to plant to plantC. To plantD. planting

6. I asked Martha ______ to enter law school.

A. are you planningB. is she planningC. was she planning D. If she was planning7. Nam wanted to know what time ________.

A. does the movie beginB. did the movie beginC. the movie begins D. The movie began8. I wondered_______ the right thing.

A. wether I was doingB. if I am doingC. was I doingD. am I doing

9. The scientist said the earth ________ the sun.

A. go aroundB. is going aroundC. went around D. was going around

10. Peter said that if he ________rich, he _________ a lot.

A. is will travel

B. Were would travel

C. had been would have travelledD. was will travel

11. They said that they had been driving through the desert__________.

A. the previous dayB. yesterdayC. the last day D. Sunday previously

12. He asked the children _________too much noise.

A. not to makeB. not makingC. dont make D. if they dont make

13. The man said that the days _________longer in summer.

A. will beB areC. wereD. can be

14. The teacher said Columbus _________America in 1942.

A discoveredB. had discoveredC. was discovering D. would discover

15. John said he _________ her since they ________ school.

A. hasnt met leftB. hadnt met - had left C. hadnt met - left D. didnt meet has left

16. The woman asked __________get lunch at school.

A. can the childrenB wether the chidren couldC. if the children can D. could the children

17. Laura said that when she_________ to school, she saw an accident.

A. was walkingB. has walkedC. had been walking D. has been walking

18. He asked, Why didnt she take the final exam? - He asked why __________ the final exam.

A. she tookB. did she takeC. she hadnt takenD. she had taken

19. Ba said he__________ some good marks last semester.

A. gets B gotC. getting D. have got

20. They told their parents that they___________ their best to do the test.

A. try B. will try C. are trying D would try21. She asked me where I___________ from.

A. come B. coming C. to comeD. came22. She_________ me whether I liked classical music or not.

A. ask B. asks C askedD. asking

23. He asked me who____________ the editor of that book.

A. wasB. were C. is D. has been

24. He wants to know whether I ___________ back tomorrow.

A. come B. came C. will come D. Would come25. I wonder why he___________ love his family.

A doesntB. dont C. didnt D. hasnt

26. They asked me how many children___________.

A. I hadB. had I C. I have D. have I

27. Thu said she had been___________ the day before.

A. here B. thereC. in this place D. where

28. The student said that the English test_______ the most difficult.

A. is B was C. will be D. have been

29. He wanted to know _______ shopping during the previous morning.

A. if we had been going B. that if we had been goingC. we were going D. that we were going

30. He asked me _______ Robert and I said I did not know _______.

A. that did I know / who were Robert B. that I knew / who Robert were

C.If I knew / who Robert wasD. whether I knew / who was Robert

31. The mother asked her son _______.

A. where he has been A. where he had been C. where has he been D. where had he been

32. Martin asked me _______.

A. how is my father B. how my father isC. how was my father Dhow my father was33. The host asked Peter _______ tea or coffee.

wether he preferredB. that he preferredC. did he prefer D. if he prefers

34. She asked me _______ my holidays _______.

A. where I spent / the previous year C.where I had spent / the previous year

C. where I spent / last year D. where did I spend / last year

35. He advised _______ too far.

A. her did not go B. her do not go C. her not to go D. she did not go

36. John often says he _______ boxing because it _______ a cruel sport.

A.does not like /isB. did not like / wereC. not liked / had been D. had not liked / was

37. Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer _______.

A. beforeB. ago C. lastD. previous

38. He asked _______ him some money.

A. her to lendB. she to lend C. she has lent D. she lends

39. Andrew told me that they _______ fish two _______ days.

A. have not eaten / ago B had not eaten / previousC. did not eat / before D. would not eat / last

40. Jason told me that he _______ his best in the exam the _______ day.

A. had done / following B. will do / previous C.would do / following D. was going / previous

41. John asked me _______ in English.

A. what does this word mean B. what that word means

C. what did this word mean D .what that word meant42. The mother told her son _______ so impolitely.

A. not behave B. not to behaveC. not behaving D. did not behave

43. She said she _______ collect it for me after work.

A. wouldB. did C. must D. had

44. She said I _______ an angel.

A. am B.wasC. were D. have been

45. I have ever told you he _______ unreliable.

A. is B. were C. had been D. would Be

46. I told him _______ the word to Jane somehow that I _______ to reach her during the early hours.

A. passing / will try B. he will pass / tried C. to pass/ would be trying D. he passed / have tried

47. Laura said she had worked on the assignment since _______.

A. yesterday B. two days ago C. the day beforeD. the next day

48. John asked me _______ interested in any kind of sports.

A. if I were B. if were I C. if was I D. If I was49. John asked me _______ that film the night before.

A. that I saw B. had I seen C. If I had seen D. if had I seen

50. The guest told the host that _______.

A. I must go now B. he must go now C. he had to go now D.he had to gone thenPASSIVE VOICE( Ch ng v Th ng Cch)

A: S + V + O

P: S + BE + V3ed + by O

(chia th theo ng t ca cu Active)

(A : Active P : Passive)

Ex: 1/ A: Tom eats apples every day.

P: Apples are eaten by Tom every day.

2/ A: They saw him in the shop.

P: He was seen in the shop ( by them )

ACTIVEPASSIVE

V1 / Vs/es V2ed Am/ is /are

Was / were + V3ed+ V3ed

Am/ is /are

+ VingWas / were Am/ is /are

+ being Was / were

Has / have

+ V3ed Had Has / have

+ been Had

Will (would)

Shall (should)

Can(could)

May (might)

Must + V1Be going to

Be able to

Have to

Ought to

Used toWill (would)

Shall (should)

Can(could)

May (might)

Must + be Be going to

Be able to

Have to

Ought to

Used to

Notes:

A: S + V + OI + OD

P: S + BE + V3ed + OD + by + O

OR:( S + BE + V3ED + for/ to + OI + by + O)

1/

Ex: A: Lan gave Mary some books.

OI OD P: Mary was given some books by Lan.

OR:(Some books were given to Mary by Lan.)

2/

A: S + V( + (THAT) + S + V .

P: S + BE + V3ed + TO + V1

OR: IT + BE + V3ed + by + O + (THAT) S + V

V(: SAY KNOW THINK

BELIEVE REPORT RUMOUR

TELL CLAIM

PROVE

CONSIDER

Ex : A : They say that they has been ill.

P : He is said to have been ill. (or : It is said that he has been ill.)

CC DNG C BIT

1. active: S1 + V1 + that S2 + V2(present) + O( or noun phrase)

- cch 1: It + be + V1-ed3 + that S2 + V2(present) + O( or noun phrase)

- cch 2: S2 + be + V1-ed3 + to V2 infinitive + O( or noun phrase)

example: People say that Herry eats 20 eggs a day.

- cch 1: It is said that Herry eats 20 eggs a day.

- cch 2: Herry is said to eat 20 eggs a day.

2. active: S1 + V1 + that S2 + V2(past) + O( or noun phrase)

- cch 1: It + be + V1-ed3 + that S2 + V2(past) + O( or noun phrase)

- cch 2: S2 + be + V1-ed3 + to have +V2-ed3 + O( or noun phrase)

example: People said that he was very rich

- cch 1: It was said that he was very rich.

- cch 2: Herry is said to have been very rich

3. active: S1 + V1 + O 1 + to V2 infinitive + O2- passive: S1 + V1 + O 1 + that + O2 + should be + V2-ed3

Example: She advised me to sell that house.

She advised me that that house should be sold.

4. active: V + O

passive: let + O + be + V-ed3

Example: Open the book , please

Let the book be opened.

5. active: S+ have + Sb + V( bare infinitive) + O

get

passive: S + have + O + V-ed3 + by O(Sb)

get

Example: He wants to have someone post these letters

He wants to have these letters posted.

EXERCISES (PASSIVE VOICE)

I/ Change these sentences into the passive voice

1. Somebody has robbed the bank near our house.

(.

2. Somebody told me to wait outside.

(.

3. Somebody has driven them to the airport.

(.

4. They will complete the new high way from north to south next year.

(.

5. My aunt made this sweater for her son.

(.

6. The television station has broadcast all the 22nd Sea-Games competitions.

(.

7. My teacher asked me to be here at 10 am.

(.

9. Thomas Edison invented the electric light bulb.

(.

10. She makes coffee for her parents every day.

(.

PASSIVE OF MODAL VERBS + EXERCISES

Passive Voice of Modal Verbs

Cc ng t khim khuyt (Modal verbs) nh: can, could, will, would, shall, should, may, might, must, had better, would rather, have to, be going to, used to, ought to, .

Active: S + Modal Verbs + Vo + O + .

Passive: S + Modal Verbs + be + V3/ed + (by O) +

Ex: - Active: Nam can do this exercise right now.

S M.V Vo O

( Passive: This exercise can be done by Nam right now.

S M.V be V3 by O

- Active: People are going to solve the problem next month.

S modal verb Vo O

( Passive: The problem is going to be solved (by people) next month.

S modal verb be V-ed by O

EXERCISES

Change these sentences into the passive voice

1. People should send their complaints to the main office.

(.

2. Somebody might steal your car if you had left the keys in it.

(.

3. A short circuit could cause the fire.

(.

4. Lan is going to invite her friends to her birthday party.

(.

5. Lien couldnt open the door of the classroom.

(.

6. They should announce that news as soon as possible.

(.

7. Phong has to return the scientific book to the library.

(.

8. People must repair that old building.

(.

9. The government will rebuild the memorial monument.

(.

10. The students may elect Phong their leader.

(.

11. The teacher wont accept papers written in pencils.

(.

12. The athletes might visit some interesting places after Sea-Games.

(.

13. Lans parents have to clean up their house before Tet holidays.

(.

14. The principal might interview her.

(.

15. They must keep fruit in the fridge for long.

(.

EXCERCISE1. We cant go along here because the road........................

A. is repairingB. is repairedC. is being repairedD. repairs

2. The story Ive just read...................Agatha Christie

A. was writtenB. was written byC. was written fromD. wrote by

3. Im going to go out and.................................................

A. have cut my hairB. have my hair cutC. cut my hairD. my hair be cut

4. Something funny ...........................in class yesterday

A. happenedB. was happenedC. happensD. is happened

5. Many US automobiles........................in Detroit, Michigan

A. manufactureB. have manufacturedC. are manufacturedD. are manufacturing

6. A lot of pesticide residue can.........................................unwashed produce

A. findB. foundC. be findingD. be found

7. We..................by a loud noise during the night

A. woke upB. are woken upC. were woken upD. were waking up

8. Some film stars...................difficult to work with

A. are said beB. are said to beC. say to beD. said to be

9. Why did Tom keep making jokes about me? I dont enjoy........................at

A. be laughedB. to be laughedC. laughingD. being laughed

10. Today, many serious childhood diseases...........................by early immunization

A. are preventingB. can preventC. preventD. can be prevented

11. Do you get your heating..........................every year?

A. checkingB. checkC. be checkedD. checked

12. Bicycles.......................in the driveway

A. must not leaveB. must not be leavingC. must not be leftD. must not have left

13. Beethovens Fifth Symphony.......................next weekend

A. is going to be performedB. has been performed

D. will be performing

D. will have perform

14. All bottles......................................before transportation

A. frozenB. were frozeC. were frozenD. are froze

15. ...............................................yet?

A. Have the letters been typedB. Have been the letters typed

C. Have the letters typed

D. Had the letters typed

16. English has become a second language in countries like India, Nigeria or Singapore where.................for administration, broadcasting and education

A. is usedB. it is usedC. usedD. being used

17. The telephones..............by Alexander Graham Bell

A. is inventedB. is inventingC. inventedD. was invented

18. Lots of houses...................by the earthquake

A. are destroyingB. destroyedC. were destroyedD. is destroyed

19. Gold.........................in California in the 19th century

A. was discoveredB. has been discoveredC. was discoverD. they discover

20. The preparation.......................by the time the guest............................

A. had been finished- arrivedB. have finished- arrived

C. had finished-were arrivingD. have been finished- were arrived

21 The boy_____ by the teacher yesterday.

A. punish B. punished C. punishing D. was punished

22. Ms Jones, please type those letters before noon_ Theyve already ______, sir. Theyre on your desk.

A. typedB. been being typed C. being typed D. been typed

23. Sarah is wearing a blouse. It___________ of cotton.

A. be made B. are made C. is made D. made

24. They had a boy _______ that yesterday.

A. done B. to do C. did D. do

25. We got our mail ______ yesterday.

A. been delivered B. delivered C. delivering D. to deliver

26. James..the news as soon as possible.

A. should tell B. should be told C. should told D. should be telled

27. My wedding ring ______ yellow and white gold.

A. is made B. is making C. made D. make

28. Mr. Wilson is _______ as Willie to his friend.

A. known B. knew C. is known D. know

29. References _____ in the examination room.

A. not are used B. is not used C. didnt used D. are not used

30. Laura ______ in Boston.

A. are bornB. were born C. was born D. born

31. His car needs ________.

A. be fixed B. fixing C. to be fixing D. fixed

32. Her watch needs _______.

A. repairing B. to be repaired C. repairedD. A and B

33. My mother is going _____ this house.

A. sold B. sell C. to be soldD. to sell

34. Theres somebody behind us. I think we are _______.

A. being followed B. are followed C. follow D. following

35. Have you _____ by a dog?

A. bite B. bit C. ever been bittenD. ever been bit

36. The room is being _____ at the moment.

A. was cleaned B. cleaned C. cleaningD. clean

37. It _____ that the strike will end soon.

A. is expected B. expected C. are expectedD. was expected

38. It is _____ that many people are homeless after the floods.

A. was reported B. reports C. reportedD. reporting

39. He was said _____ this building.

A. designing B. to have designed C. to designD. designed

40. Ted ______ by a bee while he was sitting in the garden.

A. got sting B. got stung C. get stungD. gets stung

41. These tennis courts dont _____ very often. Not many people want to play.

A. got used B. used C. get usedD. get use

42. Ill get Minh _____ do this for you.

A. do B. done C. didD. to do

43. Those letters ________ now. You can do the typing later.

A. need typing B. needn't be typed C. need to type D. needn't typing

44. What a beautiful dress you are wearing- thanks, it_____ especially for me by a French tailor.

A. is made B. has made C. made D. was made

45. Somebody cleans the room every day.

A. The room everyday is cleaned. B. The room is every day cleaned.

C. The room is cleaned every day. D. The room is cleaned by somebody every day.

46. People dont use this road very often.

A. This road is not used very often. B. Not very often this road is not used.

C. This road very often is not used. D. This road not very often is used.

47. How do people learn languages?

A. How are languages learned? B. How are languages learned by people?

C. How languages are learned? D. Languages are learned how?

48. Over 1500 new houses _______ each year. Last year, 1720 new houses _______.

A. were built/ were built B. are built/ were built

C. are building / were builtD. were built/ were being built

49. Tom bought that book yesterday.

A. That book was bought by Tom yesterday. B. That book was bought yesterday by Tom.

C. That book yesterday was bought by Tom D. That book was bought yesterday.

50. The new computer system _____ next month.

A. is be installed B. is being installed

C. is been installed D. is being installed by people

------------------------------------------------------------------RELATIVE CLAUSES( Mnh Quan H)Relative Pronouns & Adverbs:

Functions

AntecedentsSubject

ObjectPoss.Adv

ThingsWhichWhichWhose + n

(of which)

PeopleWhoWhomWhose + n

PlaceWhere

TimeWhen

ReasonWhy

Notes: *Where = prep + nplace *When = prep + ntime *Why = for + the reason

*THAT thay th cho WHO, WHOM, WHICH trong mnh c gii

hn (khng ng sau du phy, v gii t).

*Dng 1 hoc 2 du phy tch mnh quan h ra khi mnh chnh

khi tin danh t l:

- Danh t ring

- Danh t c b ngha = THIS, THAT, THESE, THOSE

- Danh t c b ngha = s hu (MY, YOUR, ,TOMS HOUSE,)

- Danh t c b ngha = 1 nhm t ( EX: The man from Hanoi,)

Ex: They wanted to see my manager, who was away.

Relative Clauses:

Rel. Cl.

Ant.Relative clause

Relative pronoun / adverbThe other parts

Things+ which / that+ V ( + O)

+ S + V

People+ who / that

+ whom /that+ V( + O)

+ S + V

People/ things+ whose

V ( + O)

+ n +

S + V

Place

Time

Reason+ where

+ when

+ why + S + V (+ O)

Ex: a/ Could you iron the trousers? Theyre hanging up behind the door.

( Could you iron the trousers which/that are hanging up behind the door?

b/ She showed me the radio. She had bought it

( She showed me the radio which/ that She had bought.

c/ I dont like the people. People lose their temper easily.

( I dont like the people who /that lose their temper easily.

d/ The man works here. I saw him yesterday.

( The man whom/ that I saw yesterday works here.

e/ The house is very large. Its door is green.

( The house whose door is green is very large.

f/ Have you seen the girl? Im keeping her bicycle.

( Have you seen the girl whose bicycle Im keeping?

g/ Vietnam is beautiful. We live in vietnam.

(Vietnam, where we live, is beautiful.

EXCERCISE:

1. The man ________ spoke to John is my brother.

A. whomB. whoC. whoseD. which

2. I must thank the man from _____ I got the present.

A. who B. whomC. thatD. which

3. It is a car ______ I bought last year.

A. whomB. whoC. whichD. whose

4. He is the man _______ son is a doctor

A. whomB. whichC. whoD. whose

5. I come from a city _______ is located in the southern part of the country.

A. who B. whomC. thatD. whose

6. The film about _____ they are talking is fantastic.

A. who B. whichC. whom D. that

7. That s the woman to _______ Jim used to be married.

A. who B. whomC. whichD. that

8. The people who are waiting for the bus in the rain are getting well

A. waitingB. to waitC. waitedD. wait

9. He is the boy _______ is my best friend

A. thatB. whomC. whoD. A& C

10. I have a message for people __________ by the traffic chaos.

A. to delay B. who delay C. delayed D. who delaying

11. I live in a pleasant room ____________ the garden.

A. to overlook B. overlooking C. overlooked D. which overlooking

12. Melanie was the only person __________ a letter of thanks.

A. wrote B. written C. to write D. writing

13. The pilot was the only man __________ after the crash.

A. was rescued B. rescued C. rescuing D. to be rescued

14. I met a lot of new people at the party ________ names I cant remember.

A. whoseB. whichC. whoD. whom

15. I talked to a woman __________ car had broken down on the way to the party.

A. whichB. whoC. whose D. whom

16. Vicky, __________ name was missed off the list, wasnt very pleased.

A. whichB. whoseC. who D. whom

17. The picture was painted by Laura, ____________ is being shown in an exhibition.

A. whichB. whoseC. who D. whom

18. The concert ___________ we are looking forward is next Saturday.

A. whichB. thatC. whom D. A & B

19. Ill see you near the post office ___________ we met the other day.

A. whichB. whereC. whenD. why

20. The success of shared holidays depends on __________ you shared it with.

A. whoseB. who C. whomD. which21. The sun, ____ is one of millions of stars in the universe, provides us with heat an light.

A. which B. that C. who D. A & B are correct

22. Tom made a number of suggestions, most of ____ were very helpful.

A. them B. which C. that D. B & C are correct

23. Alaska, __________ my brother lives, is the largest state in the United States.

A. which B. where C. w ho D. All are correct

24. Tell me the reason ____________ you were absent yesterday.

A. where B. whenC. why D. that

25. There was a time __________ dinosaurs dominated the earth.

A. which B. when C. that D. A & B are correct

26. The house in ___________ I was born and grew up was destroyed in an earthquake ten years ago.

A. which B. whereC. that D. All are correct

27. Summer is the time of the year _________ the weather is the hottest.

A. when B. which C. that D. B & C are correct

28. Sunday is the day on ___________ I am least busy.

A. where B. when C. which D. that

29. Do you know the man about ___________ theyre talking?

A. whom B. whose C. that D. A & C are correct

30. Whats the name of the blonde girl ___________ just came in?

A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & B are correct

31. I dont like people ___________ lose their tempers easily.

A. who B. whose C. that D. A & C are correct

32. Mexico City, _________ has a population of over 10 million, is probably the fastest growing city in the world.

A. which B. whoseC. that D. A & B are correct

33. This is Henry, __________ sister works for my father.

A. whoB. whose C. that D. A & C are correct

34. Hes the man ___________ people like at first sight.

A. who B. whom C. that D. All are correct

35. Could you iron the trousers ___________ are hanging up behind the door?

A. who B. which C. that D. B & C are correct

36. Where is the girl _________ sells tickets?

A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & C are correct

37. The man _________ we consider as our leader had much experience in climbing mountains.

A. who B. whose C. whom D. A & C are correct

38. The artist _________ name I couldnt remember was one of the best I had ever seen.

A. who B. whose C. that D. A & C are correct

39. Frank invited Janet, __________ he had met in Japan, to the party.

A. whoB. whose C. that D. A & C are correct

40. The girl __________ design had been chosen stepped to the platform to receive the award.

A. whose B. whom C. thatD. which

41. I need to find a painting ________ will match the rest of my room.

A. whoseB. whom C. who D. which

42. There are too many poor people ________ do not have enough to eat in the world.

A. whose B. whom C. who D. which

43. The trees __________ have the beautiful flowers grow near the gate of the garden.

A. whose B. whomC. who D. which

44. The teacher ___________ teaches us French is coming today.

A. whom B. who C. that D. B & C are correct

45. Whats the music to ___________ you are listening?

A. whose B. which C. that D. B & C are correct

46. I dont like the stories __________ have unhappy endings.

A. whoB. which C. that D. B & C are correct

47. The students __________ dont have library cards cant borrow books from the library.

A. who B. which C. whom D. A & C are correct

48. The dress __________ she bought last week doesnt fit her well.

A. whom B. which C. whose D. B & C are correct

49. Do you know a shop ___________ sells good coffee?

A. which B. that C. whose D. A & B are correct

50. The teacher punished the student _________ was naughty.

A. whomB. who C. which D. A & B are correct

--------------------------------------------------------CONDITIONAL SENTENCES( Cu iu Kin)

Types and Use(Loai va Cach dung )If Clause ( M IF)Main Clause ( M chnh)

1. Future Possible

( K c th xy ra HT&TL V1 /s /esIF + S + do /does +not + V1 *BE: am, is ,are

will

S + shall + V1 can

may

2. Present Unreal:

( K khng th xy ra HT&TL V2edIF + S + did not + V1

*BE: were would

S+ should + V1 could might

3. Past Unreal:

( K khng th xy ra QK.IF + S + had + V3ed would

S+ should + have + V3ed

could

might

Ex: 1. If it is fine, we will go.

2. Id fly everywhere if I were a bird.

3. If you had met the president yesterday, what would you have done?

1. Mnh iu kin c th ng trc hoc sau mnh chnh.

2. Would have been doing c th dng thay th cho would have done mnh chnh

Eg : At the time of the accident. I was sitting in the back of the car because Toms little boy was sitting beside him in front.If Toms boy hadnt been there I would have been sitting in front

*Had been doing c th dng thay th cho had done mnh iu kin

-I was wearing a seatbelt .If I hadnt been wearing one, Id been seriously injured.

3. Trong mnh iu kin, ta c th thay lin t If bng Unless (nu .....khng,tr phi). Unless tng ng vi If not

-If you dont study hard, youll fail in the exam

--->Unless you study hard, youll fail in the exam

-If she doesnt water these trees, they will die

--->Unless she water these trees, they will die.

4. Khi ta i mt cu iu kin vi t ni IF sang UNLESS, nh lu trng hp mnh IF th khng nh khng c i sang th ph nh khi dng Unless m phi i mnh chnh sang th ngc li

-If I have time, Ill help you

---> Unless I have time, I wont help you

-If we had more rain, our crops would grow faster

--->Unless we had more rain, our crops wouldnt grow faster

-If I won a big prize in a lottery, I wouldnt build a school for the poor

--->Unless I won a big prize in a lottery, I wouldnt build a school for the poor

Ta c th rt gn cng thc sau:

IF - clause ---->unless

Th ph nh --->khng nh (mnh chnh khng i)

Th khng nh --->khng nh (i ng t trong mnh chnh sang th ngc li)

5.Ta cng c th din t cu iu kin m khng cn If hay Unless bng cch o ch ng ra sau ng t Were hoc Had (trong loi 3). Lu khng c lm vi ng t khc

-If they were stronger, they could lift the table.

---> Were they stronger, they could lift the table.

-If the had studied hard ,he would have passed his exam

---> Had studied hard ,he would have passed his exam

6.Provided (that), On condition (that), as long as , so long as ( min l ,vi iu kin l) :Suppose, supposing (gi s nh) ,In case ( trong trng hp), Even if (ngay c khi, d cho)....c th dng thay cho if trong cu iu kin,

Ex:In case I forget,please remind me of my promise.

7. AS if v as though

Ch hnh ng c th xy ra hin ti

Subject +Verb (present) +As if /As though +Subject +verb (presen)

Ex:

-Do you hear that music next door ? It sounds As if they are having a party.

*Ch hnh ng hay s kin khng c tht hin ti

Subject +Verb (present) +As if /As though +Subject +verb (past)

-Ann walks as if she studied modeling

-He acts as though he were rich

* Ch hnh ng hay s kin khng c tht qa khSubject +Verb (past) +As if /As though +Subject +verb (past perfect)

Ex :

-Barbara looked as if she had seen a ghost

-Jonh looked as though he had run ten miles.

8.Cu iu kin loi 0 (Zero conditional sentences)

+ Cu iu kin loi 0 din t nhng gi thit lun ng hin ti hoc qu kh + Trong c 2 mnh ng t dng th hin ti n (hin ti) hoc qu kh n( qu kh)

-If you cook water, it boils at 100 C

-If you heat ice ,it turns to water.

-If anyone interrupts him, he gets angry

-If you didnt know any English, why did you offter to give him English lessons?

-If you knew the mushrooms were poisonous, Why did you still eat it?

9.Cu iu kin hn hp(mixed type)a.If +had done, would do/would be doing

-If I had worked harder school, I would be siting in a comfortable office ,I wouldnt be sweeping the streets

-The plane I intended to catch crashed and everyone was killed. If I hadcaught that plane, I would be dead now.

b.IF +qu kh n gin ,Would have done

-If I were as intelligent as you ,I would have passed the entrance examination last year

-If my son were as well-qualified as yours ,he would have applied for the job

10.Mnh iu kin c thay th bng BUT FOR

But for +(n)=Ifwerent +for+(n)

V-inghadnt beenV-ing

the fact thatthe fact that

-If the salary were not high ,the job wouldnt be worth doing

=-But for the high salary, the job wouldnt be worth doing

=-If it werent for the high salary , the job wouldnt be worth doing

-If the weather hadnt been so bad , we would have enjoyed the journey

=-But for the bad weather ,we would have enjoyed the journey

=-If hadnt been for the bad weather ,we would have enjoyed the journey

11.Cu iu kin c Otherwise/Or/Or else (Nu khng th)

-Give me the money or/ or else Ill kill you.

=- If you dont give me the money,Ill kill you.

-You should come back before 10.00 pm. Otherwise, youll be locked outside

=If you dont come back before 10.00 pm. Youll be locked outside.

-I used my fathers car .I would have been late, otherwise

=-If I hadnt used my fathers car .I would have been late.

12.Cu iu kin c Should/will mnh iu kin

-If you should see Ann ,could you ask her to ring me

-If you will wait here, Ill see if Mr.Smith is free

-If you will stay out (=insist on staying out) late,you will get tired.

13.Mnh iu kin c th rt gn thnh without/thank to +cm danh t

- Without water , we couldnt exist= If there werent any water, we couldnt exist.

-If I hadnt lent us the money, we wouldnt have been able to buy the house

=- Without his money, we wouldnt have been able to buy the house

+If b lc b

+Should thng c dng u cu iu kin o ngEg

-If there is a delay, there will be an announcement

---> Is there a delay, there will be an announcement

--->Should there be a delay, there will be an announcement

Exercises: 1. Would you mind if we ___you by your first name?

Not at all. Please call me Tom.

A. calledB. callC. callingD. want to call

2. She cant get home ___ she has no money.

A. unlessB. ifC. untilD. without

3. If I had known your new address, we ___to see you.

A. cameB. will comeC. would come D. would have come

4. If we took the 10:30 train, ___.

A. we would arrive too earlyB. we should arrive too early

C. we will arrive too early

D. we may arrive too early

5. Its very crowded here. I wish there ___ so many people.

A. arent B. werent C. havent beenD. isnt

6. I wouldnt go there at night if I ___ you.

A. amB. wasC. wereD. had been

7. If I ___ get a pole, Ill go fishing.

A. canB. couldC. mayD. might

8. If they had enough time, they ___ head south.

A. willB. canC. mustD. might

9. If you ___ a choice, which country would you visit?

A. haveB. hadC. have hadD. will have

10. Trees wont grow ___ there is enough water.

A. ifB. whenC. unlessD. as

11. ___ she agreed, you would have done it.

A. IfB. HadC. ShouldD. Would

12. If you ___ to be chosen for the job, youll have to be experienced in the field.

A. wantB. wantedC. had wantedD. wants

13. If the doctor had arrived sooner, the boy ___.

A. might be savedB. have been saved C. was saved D. might have been saved

14. If there ___, the rice fields could have been more productive.

A. had been enough water B. were enough water C. would be enough water D. are enough water

15. The patient could not recover unless he ___ an operation.

A. had undergoneB. would undergoC. underwent D.was undergoing

16. If she ___ him, she would be very happy.

A. would meetB. will meetC. is meetingD. should meet

17. If he ___ a thorough knowledge of English, he could have applied for this post.

A. had hadB. hadC. hasD. has had

18. If I had enough money, I ___ abroad to improve my English.

A. will goB. would goC. should go D. should have to go

19. If it ___ convenient, lets go out for a drink tonight.

A. beB. isC. wasD. were

20. If you ___ time, please write to me.

A. haveB. hadC. have hadD. has

21. If it ___ tomorrow, we may postpone going on a picnic.

A. rainsB. will rainC. shall rainD. raining

22. If you hadnt watched that late mivie last night, you ___ sleepy now.

A. wouldnt have beenB. wouldnt be C. might have not been D. wouldnt have been being 23. If you ___ as I told you, you ___ sorry now.

A. did- would not be B. had done- had not been C. do would not be D. had done would not be

24. If only I ___ him now.

A. seeB. sawC. have seenD. seen

25. If I ___, Ill let you know.

A. am stayingB. will stayC. do stayD. would stay

26. If only I ___ you wanted to invest money in business.

A. had knownB. knewC. have knownD. know

27. Linda wishes she ___her car.

A. hasnt soldB. hadnt sold C. doesnt sellD. wont sell

28. He looked frightened as if he___a ghost.

A. had seenB. sawC. would seeD. was seeing

29. I wish it ___ a holiday today.

A. wereB. will beC. isD. had been

30. My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus.

___, we would have picked you up.

A. Had we knownB. If we have knownC. We had known D. If we did know

31. If I ___ as young as you are, I ___ in a boat round the world.

A. were- would sailB. would be would sailC. were- will sail D. would- would sail

32. If he___tickets yesterday, he ___ on the beach now.

A. had booked- would be lyingB. had booked- would have lied

C. booked would lie

D. books- will lie

33. If you ___ less last night, you ___ so bad today.

A. had drunk- would not have feltB. drank- would not feel

C. had drunk- would not feelD. would have drunk- would not feel

34. It seemed as if he ___ of it before.

A. would never hearB. has never heardC. never heardD. had never heard

35. ___ today, she would get home by Friday.

A. Would she leaveB. Was she leavingC. Were she to leaveD. If she leaves

36. Hes a very brave man. Yes, I wish I ___ his courage.

A. haveB. hadC. will haveD. would have

37. ___he___ hard last year, he would have lost the first prize.

A. Hadnt studiedB. Had- studiedC. Didnt studyD. If had studied

38. Were going to be late if ___.

A. we not leave right now

B. we didnt leave right now

C. we wont leave right nowD. we dont leave right now

39. I wish this city___ so noisy. I know. I wish we ___ in the countryside.

A. isnt liveB. wasnt liveC. werent- liveD. werent lived

40. He acted as though he___ for days.

A. not eatB. hasnt eatenC. hadnt eatenD. didnt eat

41. We ___ the game if wed had a few more minutes.

A. might have wonB. wonC. had wonD. will win

42. I ___ William with me if I had known you and he didnt get along with each other.

A. hadnt broughtB. didnt bringC. wouldnt have brought D. wont bring

43. If you ___ to my advice in the first place, you wouldnt be in this mess right now.

A. listenB. will listenC. had listenedD. listened

44. ___ interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it.

A. Were IB. Should IC. I wasD. If I am

45. I ___ you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital.

A. would have visitedB. visitedC. had visitedD. visit

46. ___ then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.

A. Had I knownB. Did I knowC. If I knowD. If I would know

47. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people ___ the same language?

A. spokeB. speakC. had spokenD. will speak

48. Unless you ___ all of my questions, I cant do anything to help you.

A. answeredB. answerC. would answerD. are answering

49. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I ___ it.

A. would never have believed B. dont believeC. hadnt believed

D. cant believe

50. If Jake ___ to go on the trip, would you have gone?

A. doesnt agreeB. didnt agreeC. hadnt agreedD. wouldnt agree

-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PREPOSITIONS and ARTICLES* prepositions( gii t)A. COMMON PREPOSITION:

I. Preposition Of Place:

1. IN: trong ( 1 ni/ vng/ khu vc/ quc gia/ thnh ph/ )

Ex: in the room/ Asia/ Britain/ London/

in bed/ newspaper/ magazines/ the world/

2. ON: trn

Ex: on the table/ the board/ the floor/

on TV/ the radio/ telephone/ the way/ the street/ horse back/

3. AT : ti (a im nh).

Ex: at the desk/ the station/ the airport/ 72 Pham Ngu Lao street.

at home/ school/ work

4. FROM : t (ni xut pht).

Ex: Mr. Mac Donald is from Scotland.

5. TO: n (ch) .

Ex: Elizabeth went to the store.

6. BETWEEN : gia (2 ngi / vt). Ex: Mai is sitting between Nam and Nga.

7. AMONG: gia , trong s

Ex : The letter is somewhere among these papers.

II. Preposition Of Time1. IN: -1977( 1890, 2008)

-the summer (winter)

-April (May, August) -the morning (afternoon, evening)

-time: kp lc

-an hour - Ex : I will arrive in an hour2. ON : -holiday

- weekend

- Monday

-15, October

- October 15th 1977

- Monday morning

- Christmas day

- time : ng lc

- fire : ang chy

3. AT:-7 oclock

- night

- midnight

- noon

- (the) weekend

- Christmas

- the end of

- the moment

B. MT S GII T CN CH :

Gii t i vi tnh tGii t i vi ng t

- interested in

- fed up with

- bored with

- different from

- tired of

- crowded with

- surprised at

- similar to

- fond of

- aware of

- afraid of

- frightened of

- capable of

- responsible for

- composed of

- suitable for / to- give up

- influence on

- take care of

- apply for (a job)

- grow up

- depend on

- carry out

- look for / after / at

- get rid of

- agree with

- succeed in

- consist of

- attempt at

- confide in

- wipe out

- result in

C. VERB + NOUN ( PHRASE) + PREPOSITION:

1. catch sight of : trng thy

2. give place to

: nhng ch cho

3. give way to : nhng b ,trnh ng cho

4. keep pace with : theo kp, snh bc

5. lose sight of : mt ht, khng thy

6. lose touch with: mt lin lc vi

7. lose track of : mt du vt ca

8. make allowance for: chiu c c bit

9. make fun of : ch nho

10.make a fuss over/ about:

cung qut v vic g

11. make room for : dn ch cho

12. make use of : s dng

13. pay attention to : ch n

14. put a stop to : lm dng li

15. put an end to : chm dt

16. set fire to : chm la, t

17. take account of : ch n

18. take advantage of : li dng

19. take care of : chm sc

20. take note of : ch n

21. take notice of : ch ti

D. GO + PREPOSITION:

1. after: ui theo

3. down: gim gi ( up: tng gi 2. ahead: c tin hnh

4. on: tip tc

5. along: tin trin

9. off: n6. away: ra i, ri khi ni no

10. out: tt

7. back: tr v

11. over: xem xt k8. by: tri qua( thi gian)

E. CC TRNG HP KHC

1. belong to

: thuc v2. on the contrary : ngc li

3. on the whole : ni chung

4. be up to = depend on : tu thuc vo

5. listen to

: lng nghe

6. suffer from

: b, chu

7. free from

: gii phng khi

8. write to

: vit cho

9. wait for..

: ch10. ask for..

: hi xin

11. look at

: nhn

12. look after

: chm sc13. look up

: tra t in

14. look out

: nhn ra ngoi

15. look for

: tm kim

16. laugh at

: ci nho

17. good at

: gii v ci g18. good for

: tt cho ci g19. prevent from : ngn khng cho

20. be in bed

: nm trn ging

21. regard as : xem nh22. be divided into : c chia thnh

23. take part in : tham gia vo

F. ADJECTIVES + PREPOSITIONS

- TO:

1) Acceptable to someone: c th dc ai chp nhn2) Accustomed to something: quen vi vic g3) Addicted to something: am m iu g, nghin ci g 4) Agreeable to someone: ph hp vi ai5) Contrary to something: tri ngc vi iu g6) Delightful to someone: th v vi ai7) Familiar to someone: quen thuc vi ai8) Generous to some one:rng lng vi ai9) Harmful to someone: c hi cho ai10) Important to someone/ something:quan trng vi ai/ vi vic g11) Kind to someone: t t vi ai12) Lucky to someone: may mn cho ai13) Lucky to do something: may mn lm iu g14) Nice to someone: tt p vi ai15) Necessary to something/ someone:cn thit cho vic g/ cho ai16) Open to someone :m lng vi ai17) pleasant to someone: d chu vi ai18) Responsible to someone: c trch nhim vi ai19) Similar to something: tng t vi iu g

-OF:

1. Afraid of someone/ something: s ai/ s iu g2. ahead of someone/ something: dng trc ai/ ci g3. ashamed of something: xu h v vic g4. aware of something:bit, hiu bit v iu g5. capable of something: c kh nng v vic g6. confident of something: tin tng iu g7. fond of something: thch iu g

8. full of someone/ something: y viai/ ci g

9. independent of someone/ something: c lp vi ai/ vi iu g

10. proud of someone/ something: t ho v ai/ v iu g

11. tired of someone/ doing something: chn nn/ chn lm iu g

-FOR:

1) Available for someone/ something: sn sng cho vic g/ cho ai

2) Difficult for someone: kh khn cho ai

3) Famous for something: ni ting v ci g

4) Good for something:tt, c li cho vic g

5) Late for something: tr vic g

6) Perfect for something: hon ho vic g

7) Ready for something: sn sng lm vic g

8) Responsible for something:c trch nhim v vic g

9) Sorry for someone: hi tic cho ai

10) Useful for someone/ something:c ch cho ai/ v vic g

-AT:

1. amzed at something:ngc nhin v iu g

2. angry at something:tc gin v iu g

3. bad at something: xu d v iu g

4. brilliant at something: gii, xut sc v iu g

5. good at something:tt gii v iu g

6. present at a place:c mt ti mt ni

7. quick at something: nhanh tr v iu g

8. skillful at something:kho lo v iu g

9. surprised at something: ngc nhin v iu g

-WITH:

1. accquainted with someone: quen vi ai

2. angry with someone for doing something: gin ai lm iu g

3. bored with something: chn nn v vic g

4. busy with something: bn cng vic g

5. concerned with something: c lin quan n cng vic g

6. contrasted with something: tng phn vi ci g

7. Crowded with someone/ something: ng c vi.

8. friendly with someone: thn thin vi ai

9. pleased with someone/ something: hi long vi ai/ vi iu g

10. popular with someone:c ai bit/ ai yu mn

-IN:

1. Confident in someone: tin cy vo ai

2. interested in something:thch, quan tm iu g3. rich in something: giu, di do v4. successful in something: thnh cng v iu g -FROM:

1. absent from a place: vng mt ni no

2. different