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CIVILCIVIL AVATIONAVATION IN IN JAPANJAPAN
Development of Future Air Traffic Systems in Japan
5 March 2009 ATS Systems Planning Division
JCABJCAB
航空局Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism Japan Civil Aviation Bureau (JCAB)1
2
Out line
1. Policy Review ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)
2. Aviation Council ReportAviation Council Report (2007)
3. Long-term Vision3.1 Background3.2 Policy Targets3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM
1990 2000 2010 2025
21
3
★★ ★
3
Narita Airport 【Image of Extension】
Tokyo Airport 【Image of Re-expansion】
N
Tokyo BayTam
a River
A R/W3,000m C R/W
3,000m
B R/W2,500m
International A
rea
New Runway 2,500m
滑走路(3,500m)旅客ターミナルビル
空港連絡橋
Extension to 2,500m toward North will increase slots from 200,000 to 220,000
New 4th runway will increase slots from 296,000 to 407,000 (1.4 times)
23000ft
23000ft
18000ft
横田空域
羽田空域
百里空域
18000ft
14000ft
欧州方面 北海道方面
韓国方面
成田空域
北米方面
アジア方面
西日本方面
17000ft
西日本方面
23000ft
23000ft
18000ft
横田空域
羽田空域
百里空域
18000ft
14000ft
欧州方面 北海道方面
韓国方面
成田空域
北米方面
アジア方面
西日本方面
17000ft
西日本方面
Image of Current Metropolitan Airspace
Issues for Metropolitan Airspace
4
Trend and Forecast of Air Traffic Demand in Japan
431533
668716
825888 893 898
1768(296)1637
(274)1542(258)
1399(234)
1162(194)
1005(168)
755(126)
598(100)
4346(109)
4386(110)
4315(108)
4001(100)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025
Annual
Flig
hts
(×
1,0
00)
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
2012 2017 2022 2027
167
222
258
331
420470
521600
79
115
154
184223
270
Num
ber
of
ATS s
taff
Domestic Flights
International Flights
Over Flights
33% increase
Number of ATS staff
5
1. Policy Review ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)
To date, JCAB has proactively implemented various systems and procedures in accordance with the ICAO FANS (CNS/ATM) concept. For examples, the ATM Center was commissioned first in Asia/Pacific in 2005, and RNAV and aeronautical satellite communications/navigation systems became operational in 2007, and consequently airspace capacity enhancement and significant reduction of ATC separation were realized. As the first step of future air traffic systems development, JCAB has reviewed relevant policies and programs in light of achievements and outstanding issues.
1990 2000 2010 2025
21
3
★★ ★
6
Aeronautical Satellite System
RNAV
AMSS/ADSGNSS(MSAS)
Air Traffic Management (ATM)
Airspace ManagementAir Traffic Flow ManagementOceanic Control
MTSAT
GPS
地上施設に依存しない自由な経路設定による経路短縮効果
GPS全空港にVOR/DME同等以上の就航率向上効果
従来型経路
MSAS経路RNAV(GNSS)route
Legacy route
Improving airport service rate
Free route not to dependon navaids on ground.
ICAO/FANS Concept (1991) / Council Report No.23 (1994)【Example】
50NM
50NM
30NM
30NM( )
120NM
50NM
7
150169
185202
226
283315
334 343359 367 364
381399
431453 463 465 466 468 479 492 503
521553
581598
634 649 660
705
759784
891909
934
10141019
10831086
1142
1185
1243
1281
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
80 90 00 07(FY)
Tota
l flig
hts
(×1,
000)
Over FlightInternational (Departure/Arrival)Domestic (Arrival)
70646. International contribution and cooperation (Common item)
⑬Number of ATFM
⑫Reduction of CO2 by shortening of flight route
Reduction of CO2
5. Environment friendly (Consideration of environment)
⑪Construction cost / a flight
⑩ Number of Flight / a controller Progress of efficiency improvement of ATS
4. Improve the efficiency of the ATS (Improvement of ATS efficiency)
⑨Airport access rateFlight without flight cancelation
⑧On Time flightSecure the punctuality
3. Arrival on schedule (Improvement of convenience)
⑦Desired height level in the oceanic airspace
⑥Shortening of flight routeContribution to the reduction of operational cost
⑤Capacity in congested airspace
④Number of FlightCorrespondence to the increasing service frequency in the expansion of capacity
2. Operation of aircraft any time efficiently (Increase of capacity to meet air traffic growth)
③Datalink utilization
②Number of Severe Incident
①Number of AccidentPrevention measures for accidents
1. Usage of air transportation safely (Enhancement of safety )
IndicatorViewpoint (Target) Review (Draft)
7
13
5
10 9
3 3
1
5
1
3
1
1
24
132
4
21
12
9
6
3
0
3
6
9
12
(Calendar year)
(ATM
/CN
S re
latio
n)
Near missRunway Incursion OthersOverrunning/R/W Deviating etc.Aircraft material breakdown etc.
20012002
20032004
2005
2006
((E
xclu
ding
ATM
/CN
S. )
【Number of Severe Incident】
【Number of Flight】
【Example】
2007
8
Enhance SafetyEnhance Safety Increase CapacityIncrease Capacity Increase EfficiencyIncrease Efficiency Environmentally FriendlyEnvironmentally Friendly
RNAV will be implemented in most of domestic route in Japan by 2011, 2% reduction of total flight distance ⇒155,000 ton CO2 reduction
Implementation of RNAV Satellite based Navigation
RNP AR
ILS
ウェイポイント
旋回の中心
ウェイポイント
旋回の中心
RF
Introduction of RWSL, etc.
【Example】
Enhance Safety
Introduction of Advanced RNAV (RNP-AR)
Facilitate of Implementation of RNAV in Asia
Introduction of CDA
Introduction of DCL from 2012 at Haneda and Narita
CDA
runway
⇒Increase Capacity, Reduction of Noise
⇒Increase Capacity,Reduction of CO2in Asia
RNAV
Conventional
RNAV
⇒Reduction of Cancel, Diversion
⇒Enhance Safety
⇒Reduction of CO2, Noise
datalink
Achieve the smooth air traffic by same level RANV across adjacent FIRs
【Airport
【Datalink】
Enhancement of ATM
⇒Increase air space capacity, Reduction of CO2
Flexible air space management
×
×
○ ×
○
○
○
×
MSAS GPS
GBAS
GPS
Future Air Traffic Systems in JAPAN (Short Term)
9
1990 2000 2010 2025
21
3
★★ ★
2. Aviation Council ReportAviation Council Report (2007)
In 2007, The Civil Aviation Council analyzed problems that the present ATS systems were facing, and examined future needs in CNS/ATM. The Council, in its report, formed various recommendations aimed at enhancing safety, capacity, efficiency, human resource development and R&D. These recommendations in the Council report are incorporated into the 5-Year National Plan of Social Infrastructure Construction from 2008 to 2012.
10
1 How to prevent accidents and major incidents2 How to strengthen contingency management against natural disaster etc.3 How to cope with high traffic volume due to re-expansion of Tokyo
airport and Narita and downsizing of fuselage4 How to improve flight efficiency such as reduction of flight hour and fuel
consumption5 How to harmonize international and domestic traffic in accordance with
increase of international flights and over-flights6 How to strengthen irregular situation such as bad weather etc.7 How to improve usefulness of air transportation such as reduction of
cancellation rate
○Strengthen systematic safety measures via introduction of Safety Management System etc.○In order to handle increasing air traffic, Reorganize airspace and airways, and Strengthen Air Traffic Management.○Provide safer and more efficient ATC services using RNAV and other new technology such as satellite based navigation etc.○Secure necessary personnel, and further improve skill in addition to efficient operation.○Promote industry-academia-government partnership for future issues.
Points of Argument for Future System
Summary of Future System
11
Introduction of Safety Management System (SMS)
Safety Measure for Airport Surface Operation
ATS offices
Correct information
Finding, Evaluation and Reduction of risk
planning for safety
Execution safety plan
Evaluation safety plan
feedback
Basis of risk reduction・technology・education, training・rule, management
Proactive risk-based safety(SMS)
Enhancement of ATC Contingency Management
Safety improvement of General aviation
VFR
sub(relay station site)
receiving site
(main) Low altitude blind area
【Example】
Maintaining High Safety Level including Disaster Risk Management
Sapporo ACC(Hokkaido)
Fukuoka ACC(Fukuoka)
Naha ACC(Okinawa)
Continuity of ATS
Disaster
SDECC
※※ Cross Cross support support between between
ACCsACCs
Departures Arrivals entering approaching
Alarm (Red light Blinking)
RWSL (Runway status lighting system)
R/W occupancy monitoring
ASDE
C D
BAmode-s signal
Use of Multi-lateration Technology
12
Based on safety verification, to resolve bottleneck through optimum design of airspace and route
Advanced Airspace Management Advanced Air Traffic Flow Management
Optimum Design of Airspace Configuration and route
Quantity analysis vis simulation tool
Airlines(2008~)
Traffic concentrate
specific sector
Separate sector with altitude and reduce pilot /controller workload
After
Before
A REA : T2 7 03:5 1T IME : 03 50-0 640
03 04 04 04 04 04 04 05 05 05 05 05 05 06 06 06 06 06 HH50 00 10 20 30 40 50 00 10 20 30 40 50 00 10 20 30 40 MM
■
■
TOTA L 28 29 29 30 32 36 37 38 39 40 39 38 34 32 29 29 30 31
CAPA
37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37 37
10
20
30
40
50
A REA : T27 03: 51T IME : 035 0-06 40
030 40 40 40 40 40 40 50 50 50 50 50 50 606 06 06 06
HH500 01 02 03 04 05 00 01 02 03 04 05 00 010 20 30 40 MM
■ PLAN 0 1 1 3 51 01 31 51 72 01 81 91 81 716 15 16 17
■ IN-FL 282 82 82 72 72 62 42 22 11 91 91 71 41 210 8 7 7
TOTA L 282 92 93 03 23 63 73 83 94 03 93 83 43 229 29 30 31CAPA 373 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 73 737 37 37 37
0
10
20
30
40
50
NO RT H A RE AEA ST A RE AWE ST A RE A
SO UT H A RE A
VL AD IV OS TO K FIR
P YO NG YA NG F IR
TA RG U FI R
TA IP EI FI R
N 07
N06
N 02
N 01N 02
N0 1
F05
F 03
F0 6F0 7
F0 1
F 02
F0 8
T 16
T 31T 32
T 19
T 11
T 09T 10T 24T2 2
T2 1T 26
T 27
S2 1
T0 1
S0 1
T 03T0 4
T 02
S 02
S 03
S0 4
T0 5
T29
T2 0
T 08
N 05
T 12
T 17T 18
ATMCー
Air Traffic Metrological Center
Strategic Avoidance with bad weather
Provide more chance for landing with use of high accurate weather information
Short term forecast for blast and thunderstorm
Strengthen irregular situation
Reduce waiting time by improving forecast accuracy of bad weather etc
Detouring
CDMairlines
CollaborationIntroduction of Next Generation ATC System
Advanced Oceanic Control
International Data exchange
Introduction of height allocation program for oceanic operation
Coordination to utilize airspace
Flexible operation in accordance with traffic volume
Improvement of Air Traffic Flow Prediction
【Example】Handle Increasing Volume of Air Traffic
13
Improve Airport Access Rate Architect Safe and Efficient Operative Organization
Secure Necessary Personnel
Improve Efficiency
In ATS Operation
Human Development
for ATS Personnel
Ex.) Air Safety Academy
Ex.) System Operation
Human Development for ATS Personnel
Training at Airport offices etc
Implementation of high categories of ILS
CATⅢaの場合
DH 0mRVR 50m
ALS RWL
約300メートル
CAT-Ⅰ
CAT-Ⅱ
CAT-Ⅲ
DH 30mRVR 350m
DH 60mRVR 550m
Shortening CAT-Ⅲ300m
Introduction of RNAV (GNSS)
Snow Removal
Runway Improve
【Example】 【Example】
Improve Usefulness of Air Transportation System High Quality of Service
14
AustraliaNew Zealand
Hong Kong
China
Russia
Philippines
NextGenNextGen
South East Asia
Europe
SESARSESAR
USA
Support to implement new technologies and provide training and assistance.・ASEAN-Japan Project・Human Resource Development
Regular bi-lateral/multi-lateral meetings with China and Korea to harmonize procedures and systems for further improvement of ATS.
IPACG for short/mid-term planning and problem solvingInternational ATFM between Japan and USHarmonization of future air traffic systems concept
Develops Global ATM Concept and leads globally harmonized and seamless air transportation system.
ICAO
Civil Aviation Safety College will accept Asian countries’ ATS personnel training
Korea
Fukuoka FIR
Strengthen International Partnership & Cooperation
【Example】
15
1990 2000 2010 2025
21
3
★★ ★
3. Long-term Vision JCAB plans to develop a long-term vision of future air traffic systems in Japan around 2025.
3.1 Background3.2 Policy Targets3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATM
16
3.1 BackgroundAs air transport demands increase, airspace congestion has become more serious concern. For example, JCAB expects the air traffic demand in Japan around 2025 to be approximately 1.5 times of 2005, and IATA also anticipates a rapid growth in the East Asia region in their “IATA Vision in 2015”. This situation requires JCAB to make our continuous efforts to change ourselves for the purpose of ensuring safety and capacity.
8
Physical InterconnectednessMajor traffic flows-ATM Homogeneous ATM areas
NextGen SESAR
Increased future demand
431533
668 716825 888 893 898
1768(176)1637
(163)1542(153)1399
(139)
1162(111)1005
(100)
755
598
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
Flig
hts
per
Yea
r (x
1000)
2012 2017 2022 2027
167222
258331
420470 521
600
79115
154
184223
270
Domestic Flights
International FlightsOverflights
TotalAverage rate of growth
from 2005 to 2017 (Estimated)Overflights 4.0%International Flights 2.9%Domestic Flights 2.0%
Year
International trendNew operational concept with technical revolution
Diversified needs of operators and users
such as operational efficiency, on-time operation, global environmental issue, etc.
Such as Information sharing, responsibility sharing, decision support, etc.
Need to establish the future air traffic system with long term vision
IATA Vision 2015
17
PolicyTargets
Operational Concept
Enabling Technology
Implementation Plan
Performance Indicators
Near-term Mid-term Long-termProgram
s
Future V
ision・Set up the Policy Targets around 2025, which is also the target year of ICAO ATM concept, based on international trend and social needs.
・Organize ATM Operational concept and Enabling Technology in order to achieve the goals.
・Based on the operational concept and enabling technology, sketch the Future Vision of Air Traffic Systems around 2025 and build up the Implementation Plan, in view of technical feasibility and cost-benefit efficiency.
・Set up the Performance Indicators to measure the achievement.
Conceptual out line
18
3.2 Policy TargetsThe following areas are identified as policy targets of future air traffic systems around 2025:
(1) Enhancement of safety①accidents ②service continuity ③security
(2) Increase of capacity to meet air traffic growth①capacity ②operational cost
(3) Improvement of convenience①punctuality ②airport access rate ③fast arrival
(4) Improvement of ATS efficiency①service productivity
(5) Consideration of environment①CO2 ②noise
(6) Strengthening of the presence in the international aviation ①int’l contribution ②int’l competitiveness
Performance indicatorswill be developed for respective areas because it is considered essential for JCAB to continuously monitor the progress and assess outcomes in order to maximize benefits.
19
3.3 Future Operational Concept and Programs in CNS/ATMJCAB has been developing a future operational concept and detailed programs in CNS/ATM, taking into account development of relevant operations and technologies in other countries as well as ICAO.
Key Areas:(1) Air Space Management (ASM)
ASM for 4DT, int’l CDR & RNAV route, training airspace, low altitude
(2) Air Traffic Flow Management (ATFM) and Capacitydesign / evaluation / calculation, prediction, optimization, planned formation
(3) Air Traffic Control (ATC)・・・Oceanic, En-routeautomation / remote, intent / maneuver / met information, ASAS / TIS
(4) Airport Operationposition / foreign objection debris detection, airport CDM
(5) Information Servicesinformation sharing, monitoring / analysis / evaluation, visualization, common infrastructure
20
Common issues:(1) Technology
com datalinknav satnavsur grand / air to airdata continuity / extensibility / sustainability
(2) Human Factorhuman / machine, human resource
(3) Safety Managementevaluation, monitoring, natural disaster / jamming / accident prevention, crisis management
(4) EnvironmentRNAV / RNP / VNAV / CDA, ACFT renewal
21
Partners:(1) A/Ls(2) R&D Institutes(3) Industries
etc.
Others:(1) Business case (B/C)(2) Financial resources(3) Institutional issues (Regulation)
etc.
22
Key words:・Trajectory / performance - Based Operation (TBO / PBO)・Ability of prediction (met / ops / traffic flow / capacity)・SATNAV / SWIM・Real time situational awareness between ACFTs・Automated support system・Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) / Capacity (Congested / HD)
Safety is at the core of our missionWe promote the collaborative actions for renovation of ATS
23
JCAB will continue the development of the vision and its implementation, in concert with relevant parties.
24
Thank you for your attention !!