costos laborales

Per Laboral 2006: Lo que se nos viene

Jorge Toyama MiyagusukuSocio de Miranda & Amado, Abogados.Miembro de las Juntas Directivas del Comit de RRHH de AMCHAM y APERHUProfesor de la PUCP, UDEP y UPC

Proyecciones 2006

Grfico1

9.935.2

13.818.1

1526

11.224489795926.5306122449

9.278350515524.7422680412

21.649484536121.6494845361

22.680412371116.4948453608

7.142857142926.5306122449

1921

2116

2514

23.211.6

3816

2615

348

3411

414

375

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2004

Fuente: Sondeos realizados a clientes de APOYO Consultora

Incorporacin

Reduccin

RESPECTO DEL PERSONAL QU MEDIDAS REALIZAR SU EMPRESA EN LOS PRXIMOS SEIS MESES? (%)

P.Empleada

POBLACION OCUPADA DE LIMA METROPOLITANA SEGN TRIMESTRE MOVIL MARZO 2001 - ABRIL 2003

(miles)

TrimestreRamas de ActividadCategora de OcupacinTamao de la Empresa

Mvil(Nmero de Trabajadores)

TotalManufacturaConstruccinComercioServiciosTotalIndependienteDependienteTotalDe 1 a 10De 11 a 50De 51 a ms

Mar01 - May013,4654841518741,9563,3091,2652,0443,5272,372325830

Abr01 - Jun013,4185051528561,9043,2511,2472,0043,4702,340320811

May01 - Jul013,4165181608501,8893,2451,2302,0153,4702,359320791

Jun01 - Ago013,3885281628321,8653,2181,2072,0113,4422,337323783

Jul01 - Sep013,3705241618281,8573,2081,2012,0073,4272,321319787

Ago01 - Oct013,3615261638291,8423,2001,2091,9913,4132,311306796

Sep01 - Nov013,3965341548471,8613,2291,2351,9943,4472,338312798

Oct01 - Dic013,4565491718661,8713,2821,2402,0423,5092,398313799

Nov01 - Ene023,4605611678611,8703,2781,2452,0343,5182,425312782

Dic01 - Feb023,4615671758731,8463,2811,2372,0443,5212,430311780

Ene02 - Mar023,4705831778931,8173,2771,2692,0083,5262,465311750

Feb02 - Abr023,5125871899141,8213,3201,3012,0193,5632,486322756

Mar02 - May023,5175762039091,8293,3301,3132,0183,5672,504320743

Abr02 - Jun023,5315692049241,8343,3501,3202,0303,5782,519311748

May02 - Jul023,5785652029241,8883,4041,3222,0813,6272,528311789

Jun02 - Ago023,6145702009101,9343,4391,3452,0933,6532,556306791

Jul02 - Sep023,6235701899161,9473,4501,3582,0923,6632,558328777

Ago02 - Oct023,6135841999211,9093,4491,3472,1033,6572,530348779

Sep02 - Nov023,5995841969171,9033,4391,3382,1013,6462,514361771

Oct02 - Dic023,6105861939441,8883,4341,3302,1053,6642,491359815

Nov02 - Ene033,6415881819431,9283,4491,3282,1213,6982,526339833

Dic02 - Feb033,6835921859511,9553,4711,3462,1253,7442,559323861

Ene03 - Mar033,6645681859211,9893,4571,3472,1103,7222,564323835

Feb03 - Abr033,5995421899131,9563,3961,3552,0413,6482,552302794

Mar03 - May033,5405251839061,9253,3511,3212,0313,5862,496305785

Abr03 - Jun033,5455261899081,9223,3561,3242,0323,5802,509291780

May03 - Jul033,5745351948981,9483,3891,3262,0633,6102,496312801

Jun03 - Ago033,5455221988901,9353,3611,3092,0523,5802,491313775

Jul03 - Sep033,5315251978851,9253,3501,3012,0493,5752,463320792

Ago03 - Oct033,5285291928871,9203,3611,2872,0743,5812,464317800

Sep03 - Nov033,5565341968861,9393,3921,3122,0813,6092,492310807

Oct03 - Dic033,5305401858921,9133,3841,3042,0813,5902,478315797

Nov03 - Ene043,5265411659031,9173,3441,2832,0613,5802,478312790

Dic03 - Feb043,5765581689161,9333,3711,2932,0783,6282,492323813

Ene04 - Mar043,6385561919281,9623,4031,2842,1193,6872,537333817

Feb04 - Abr043,6385491979271,9663,4151,2732,1423,6882,506349834

Mar04 - May043,6455501979161,9823,4441,2822,1623,6992,501353845

Abr04 - Jun043,6395631818912,0033,4491,2862,1633,6962,490351855

May04 - Jul043,6915681898872,0473,5121,3172,1953,7432,514348882

Jun04 - Ago043,6865771908792,0393,4991,3002,1993,7402,524341875

Jul04 - Sep043,6665691948662,0373,4811,2982,1833,7132,484334895

Ago04 - Oct043,6525712068562,0193,4781,3222,1563,7032,511329863

Sep04 - Nov043,6805732078712,0293,5091,3392,1703,7262,512342873

Oct04 - Dic043,7195722168952,0363,5641,3682,1953,7732,535356881

Nov04 - Ene053,6685742098911,9943,5061,3412,1653,7222,502353867

Dic04 -Feb053,6585692139171,9603,4831,3602,1233,7102,528336847

Ene05 -Mar053,6445742289191,9243,4461,3252,1213,6922,532339821

Feb05 - Abr053,6975862369361,9393,5121,3292,1833,7442,550348846

Mar05 - May053,6835962339141,9403,5131,2952,2183,7312,497354881

Abr05 - Jun053,6635842169031,9593,5051,2762,2293,7142,476334905

May05- Jul053,6685772168901,9843,5131,2672,2463,7262,462349915

Jun05- Ago053,6545782268611,9883,4991,2362,2633,7062,434368904

Jul05 - Set053,6675742288622,0023,5201,2462,2743,7172,428379911

Ago05 - Oct053,6675852218472,0143,5061,2352,2713,7062,431371904

Set05 - Nov053,7085962168622,0343,5521,2422,3103,7482,453370925

Oct05 - Dic053,7456012228962,0263,5761,2762,3013,7782,483375919

nov05 - ene063,7255952279171,9863,5401,2812,2583,7602,477355928

Var. %1.63.68.62.9-0.40.9-4.54.31.0-1.00.77.0

Elisa Seguin:Cuadro 12


P.Empleada

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2001 2002 2003

De 11 a 50

NMERO DE OCUPADOS EN EMPRESAS DE 11 A 50 TRABAJADORES (miles)

PET

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2001 2002 2003

De 1 a 10

NMERO DE OCUPADOS EN EMPRESAS DE 10 A 50 TRABAJADORES (miles)

Personal SAE

POBLACION ECONOMICAMENTE ACTIVA E INACTIVA DE LIMA METROPOLITANA SEGN TRIMESTRE MOVIL MARZO 2001 - ABRIL 2003

(miles)

Poblacin Econmicamente Activa (PEA)Poblacin Econmicamente Inactiva (PEI)

AuxiliarSexoEdadNivel de educacinSexoEdadNivel de Educacin

(mes central)TrimestreTasaPETPEAOcupadosDesempleadosHombreMujer14 a 24 aos25 a 44 aos45 y ms aosPrimaria 1/Secundaria IncompletaSecundaria CompletaSuperior No UniversitariaSuperior UniversitariaPEI14 a 2425 a 4445 y msPrimaria 1/SecundariaSecundariaSuperiorSuperior

MvildesempleoHombreMujeraosaosaosIncompletaCompletaNo Universit.Universit.

(% de la pea)TotalAspirantes 2/Cesantes 3/TotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleadaTotalOcupadaDesempleada

Abr01Mar01 - May019.25,7013,8893,5303591934021681,9951731,7211,5351861,0278781491,9801,833147882819641,8125851,227747436629

May01Abr01 - Jun019.55,7093,8363,4723642034421441,9631811,6911,5081839908391511,9741,825149872808641,8736131,261786445642

Jun01May01 - Jul019.25,7173,8223,470351183342,1371,9581791,6851,5121739768351411,9841,834150861801601,8966241,271803438655

Jul01Jun01 - Ago019.55,7263,8033,442361213402,1361,9561801,6681,4871819608141461,9851,831154859798611,9226301,293822441659

Ago01Jul01 - Sep019.55,7343,7883,426362193432,1291,9481811,6591,4781819458001451,9771,824153867802641,9466401,306839453654

Sep01Ago01 - Oct019.75,7423,7803,413367193482,1271,9381891,6541,4751799317891421,9801,824156869800691,9626461,315855453654

Oct01Sep01 - Nov019.55,7503,8073,447360143462,1431,9591841,6641,4881769277911361,9981,841157883815671,9436341,309862439642

Nov01Oct01 - Dic018.95,7583,8503,50934193332,1681,9941751,6821,5161679568241332,0111,861150883824591,9086131,295835430644

Dic01Nov01 - Ene029.35,7673,8803,51836273542,1882,0081801,6921,5101829938391542,0031,851152883819641,8875971,290801440646

Ene02Dic01 - Feb0210.05,7753,9113,52139073832,2032,0101941,7081,5111961,0338691641,9921,831161886821651,8645861,278764455645

Feb02Ene02 - Mar0210.65,7833,9463,527419104092,2172,0082081,7291,5192111,0548741802,0011,834167891819721,8375761,261745449643

Mar02Feb02 - Abr0210.75,7913,9913,565426114152,2252,0192061,7661,5462201,0488691792,0311,861169912834781,8015721,229753423624

Abr02Mar02 - May0210.25,8003,9743,569405103952,2102,0092021,7631,5602031,0158581562,0481,8841649118268557752453660598621,5021,33117156250854668604641,8265901,236790409627418487599134185

May02Abr02 - Jun029.95,8083,9723,580392113822,1922,0031891,7801,5772039868441422,0771,9111669098258557952355642583591,4641,30016460054455687628591,8366131,223821384631403511581142198

Jun02May02 - Jul028.95,8163,9853,62935783482,1882,0161721,7971,6121859888591292,0861,9321539128387456752443655599551,4621,31414959054050710652591,8316211,210822379631393520582140195

Jul02Jun02 - Ago028.75,8254,0053,65634993402,1832,0181651,8231,6381859918551362,1011,9591429148437157553837656600551,4481,30114759854850729670591,8206301,189822367631391518554144213

Ago02Jul02 - Sep028.55,8344,0083,66634283332,1822,0161661,8261,6511759988601382,0951,9631329158447254851930674618561,4611,31914258453747739673671,8266351,190817377631395506569143212

Sep02Ago02 - Oct028.55,8423,9993,66034093312,1882,0231651,8111,6371759948501442,0941,9671279118436954551134676618581,4431,31213160354756732671611,8436331,210824382638398509563152221

Oct02Sep02 - Nov028.55,8513,9843,647337123252,1852,0251601,7991,6221779898441452,0811,9511309158526354150635668612561,4551,32313260454856716658591,8666401,226832398636386512583160224

Nov02Oct02 - Dic028.75,8594,0123,665347163322,2132,0461661,7991,6191811,0128581542,0881,9551329128516154751136658602561,4771,33913861755661712656561,8486171,231811395641379498579162230

Dic02Nov02 - Ene039.35,8684,0763,698378193582,2462,0651811,8311,6331971,0658981672,0941,9521429178486955150843666609571,5061,35415262156358732664681,7925881,204760392639373453575160231

Ene03Dic02 - Feb039.55,8774,1363,744392213712,2752,0881861,8621,6562061,1119361752,1001,9461539258626355151240675615601,5121,36215063857761761679821,7415641,177717391633372423578149218

Feb03Ene03 - Mar0310.05,8864,1383,723415203952,2792,0851941,8591,6382211,1099301792,0971,9261709328676557052743684615691,4851,33315264958267752668841,7485631,185722398629371419590154215

Mar03Feb03 - Abr039.95,8944,0483,649400163832,2252,0381871,8241,6112121,0518851662,0821,9111719158526355252132662597651,4411,28815365458767738656821,8466221,224782416648384476609149228

Abr03Mar03 - May039.85,9033,9763,587389113782,2002,0071931,7761,5801969978521452,0821,9061768978286853650432652585671,4181,26715165358766717643741,9286511,276840419669405518609154242

May03Abr03 - Jun039.35,9123,9473,58136683582,1791,9951841,7681,5861829728391332,0841,9201648918226952749631632563691,4221,28313964659055720649711,9666761,289867421677419554596151247

Jun03May03 - Jul038.95,9213,9613,61035283432,1832,0031811,7781,6071719658381272,0971,9361618998366454550937633565681,4201,29312765259359711650611,9606761,283877412671408561602155233

Jul03Jun03 - Ago039.35,9303,9453,58036683572,1862,0011851,7601,5791819758381372,0791,9231568918197254650244638569691,4151,28413164758759700637631,9856781,307870434681419576598166226

Ago03Jul03 - Sep039.05,9393,9273,575352123412,1852,0031821,7421,5721709678381292,0721,9161568898226753148744639580591,4251,28913664058456692635572,0116831,328881445686416598603165229

Sep03Ago03 - Oct039.25,9483,9453,581365123532,2152,0231921,7311,5581739848431412,0681,9121568938256852948049647581661,4611,32313862757354680623572,0026571,345866542684427589575176234

Oct03Sep03 - Nov038.95,9573,9613,609352133392,1972,0141831,7641,5951699738281452,0881,9421459008396152647946634572621,4801,34413663357954689635541,9956791,316880436679431603549171242

Nov03Oct03 - Dic039.45,9653,9623,589372113612,1902,0001891,7721,5891839708171532,0961,9451518968276951847146636568691,4871,35013763457460687627612,0046911,313886432686439595561170240

Dic03Nov03 - Ene0410.15,9743,9823,580402113912,1951,9942021,7871,5862011,0008401602,0981,9341648848156949745345659583761,4841,32615863857960704639641,9936901,30385843470044055580171247

Ene04Dic03 - Feb0410.55,9834,0533,628425164092,2482,0362111,8051,5922141,0408701702,1161,9441728978158349745641685600851,5071,33517363957663725662641,9306421,289821420689412497605178238

Feb04Ene04 - Mar0410.65,9924,1263,687439204192,2942,0772171,8321,6102221093.0909.4183.62120.61945.2175.4912.38328050546639697611861,5291,34618464958466746681651,8666001,266771419677397442606181240

Mar04Feb04 - Abr0410.56,0014,1203,688432244092,271.32,061.0210.31,849.01,626.9222.11,066.4882.8183.62,139.81,965.4174.4914.1839.774.4510.0469.240.8661.2580.580.71,515.11,332.4182.7652.6588.064.6781.5717.963.61,881.1626.91,254.2800.5403.3677.2405.8474.2580.7172.1248.2

Abr04Mar04 - May0410.06,0104,1103,699411213902,263.12,062.7200.41,847.11,636.5210.61,052.7882.8169.92,135.01,962.6172.4922.5853.968.6514.8471.743.1635.2559.176.11,522.21,357.2165.0654.4590.863.6783.6720.463.21,900.2639.41,260.8817.1411.8671.3419.3490.1582.5159.8248.5

May04Abr04 - Jun049.56,0194,0823,696386193682,246.42,062.0184.41,835.91,634.2201.71,023.6873.2150.42,134.51,970.4164.1924.3852.771.6522.5476.046.5598.1531.666.51,523.01,366.7156.3662.4604.857.6776.3717.259.11,937.0660.41,276.6849.0416.2671.8408.3514.5592.4163.3258.6

Jun04May04 - Jul048.66,0284,0953,743352183342,280.02,112.3167.71,815.21,631.0184.21,025.7885.3140.42,136.31,985.2151.1933.3873.060.3523.6480.143.5580.7520.060.71,550.81,415.4135.4647.6595.052.6792.6732.859.81,933.2631.21,302.0849.7418.2665.3380.2514.0604.2162.4272.4

Jul04Jun04 - Ago048.76,0374,0973,740357193382,281.92,115.4166.51,814.91,624.4190.51,034.1887.5146.62,136.81,985.1151.7925.9867.258.7506.8467.739.1590.3531.059.31,583.11,436.7146.4620.4572.747.7796.2731.764.51,940.6633.71,306.9844.1421.5675.0391.7510.5597.4163.1278.0

Ago04Jul04 - Sep048.96,0474,0753,713362203422,278.82,106.8172.01,796.21,606.0190.21,027.5871.6155.92,133.61,979.9153.7913.9861.352.6485.8451.134.7589.9529.160.81,561.41,415.8145.6627.7573.654.1810.2743.167.11,971.5641.21,330.3853.5428.6689.4413.2525.7584.8175.6272.2

Sep04Ago04 - Oct049.36,0564,0813,703378163622,282.92,108.1174.81,798.11,595.0203.11,015.0852.9162.12,143.61,986.6157.0922.4863.558.9486.6455.231.4589.9530.059.91,607.91,443.0164.9613.0558.554.5783.5716.367.21,974.7641.51,333.2868.9422.4683.4429.3546.1577.3170.8251.2

Oct04Sep04 - Nov048.96,0654,0893,726362153472,283.92,112.9171.01,804.71,613.4191.3998.8838.4160.42,173.02,031.2141.8916.9856.860.1498.5463.035.5585.6527.558.11,614.81,460.4154.4623.5567.456.1766.3708.058.31,976.0644.81,331.2887.9396.9691.3412.1567.0570.6168.4257.9

Nov04Oct04 - Dic048.76,0744,1343,773361163452,282.72,116.4166.31,851.61,656.6195.01,015.2847.8167.42,189.82,054.5135.3929.2870.658.6512.4472.440.0597.0535.761.31,620.21,469.5150.7622.7570.552.2781.9724.757.21,939.6650.51,289.1874.3383.9681.3401.5556.7573.5160.8247.1

1/ Incluye Sin Nivel e InicialNov04 - Ene0510.06,0834,1353,722414253892,283.22,091.5191.71,852.21,630.1222.11,046.0849.8196.22,165.22,007.5157.7924.2864.359.9511.4470.341.1633.3554.279.11,573.01,414.9158.1636.8574.862.0780.4706.873.61,947.4654.31,293.1846.4412.9688.7399.0506.2630.0168.4243.9

Dic04 - Feb0510.86,0924,1583,710448284202,290.62,078.5212.11,867.41,631.7235.71,072.4871.4201.02,164.91,979.6185.3920.7859.361.4513.6473.140.5641.9555.986.01,565.11,392.7172.4658.2594.963.3779.2693.585.71,933.9651.31,282.6822.8416.5694.6386.4464.9657.6182.7242.3

Ene05 - Mar0511.36,1014,1633,692471314402,308.62,084.9223.71,854.81,607.4247.41,090.7883.0207.72,155.81,957.9197.9916.9851.465.5522.8482.040.8637.5546.890.71,580.21,399.8180.4664.1595.868.3758.8667.990.91,937.7637.71,300.0807.3429.5700.9391.4435.5677.9182.1250.8

Feb05 - Abr0510.26,1104,1703,744426273992,309.12,104.3204.81,860.91,639.8221.11,061.4882.4179.02,189.32,007.4181.9919.3854.365.0524.6483.341.3613.5540.672.91,601.21,432.2169.0679.8611.568.3750.9676.574.41,940.3641.71,298.6839.5399.9700.9401.2459.9638.6183.7256.9

Mar05 - May0510.16,1204,1513,731420253952,303.52,100.2203.31,847.21,631.0216.21,039.6862.1177.52,173.82,000.2173.6937.4869.068.4519.8477.542.3578.2513.964.31,603.21,428.2175.0682.2617.564.7767.4694.273.21,968.8651.71,317.1864.1419.3685.3406.4485.3641.6178.9256.5

Abr05 - Jun059.76,1294,1123,714397213772,283.32,084.3199.01,828.21,629.9198.31,013.9846.3167.62,170.92,010.7160.2926.8857.369.5507.4465.941.5571.2515.555.71,590.81,422.0168.8691.3630.361.0750.9680.570.42,017.1676.31,340.8892.7426.1698.3418.4525.8631.0177.0264.9

May05- Jul059.36,1384,1073,726382163662,276.22,083.1193.11,831.11,642.6188.51,013.3851.6161.72,157.72,010.2147.5936.3863.972.4506.9467.039.9561.5500.860.71,604.51,441.9162.6677.6627.650.0756.8688.568.32,030.5687.91,342.6896.1443.1691.2409.8531.6646.9178.2264.0

Jun05- Ago059.26,1474,0813,706376133632,271.02,091.5179.51,810.31,614.0196.31,013.9854.6159.32,143.31,998.3145.0924.1852.671.5496.9460.836.1572.1503.568.61,598.21,445.2153.0660.5603.157.4753.6692.860.82,065.7697.51,368.2898.3461.4705.9423.4541.5652.0182.7266.2

Jul05 - Set059.36,1564,0983,71738183722,283.32,101.7181.61,814.51,615.5199.01,010.6852.0158.62,150.02,000.2149.8937.2865.072.2497.3462.834.5575.5509.066.51,582.01,425.9156.1660.9596.864.1782.1722.759.42,058.5689.71,368.8904.6458.6695.2417.4548.6644.1185.6262.8

ago05 - oct059.16,1664,0763,70637093612,274.42,093.1181.31,801.71,613.0188.71,008.8855.2153.62,143.11,992.3150.8924.1858.565.6482.4449.832.6567.6511.156.51,579.31,427.2152.1658.8588.570.3788.0729.658.42,089.4703.01,386.4909.2469.5710.7417.0575.0644.8183.6269.1

set05 - nov058.66,1754,1013,748353103432,282.52,111.9170.61,818.01,635.7182.31,011.8865.6146.22,166.22,023.3142.9922.6858.763.9485.1451.833.3583.4535.847.61,571.81,425.6146.2675.1609.565.6785.2725.060.22,074.1699.31,374.8909.2450.3714.7417.1580.3632.3182.6262.0

oct05 - dic058.06,1844,1083,778330133172,282.12,125.7156.41,825.51,651.9173.61,019.7884.9134.82,159.42,020.9138.5928.5871.856.7485.9451.934.0580.6529.351.31,577.21,445.1132.1672.9617.355.6790.7733.856.92,076.5704.31,372.2904.1461.1711.3411.8580.1637.7190.5256.5

nov05 - ene068.96,1934,1263,760366133532,290.02,120.0170.01,836.21,640.1196.11,049.2889.7159.52,155.52,006.9148.6921.5863.558493.6459.733.9607.6544.363.31,570.61,424.4146.2676.7617.759.0777.8714.063.82,067.2700.91,366.3877.5468.9720.7413.4529.3660.6204.7259.2

Var. %0.0Var. %1.8-0.21.0-11.5-48.0-9.20.31.4-11.3-0.90.6-11.70.34.7-18.7-0.4-0.0-5.8-0.3-0.1-3.2-3.5-2.3-17.5-4.1-1.8-20.0-0.20.7-7.56.37.5-4.8-0.31.0-13.3

Elisa Seguin Zanabria:Cuadro 12

Mara Pa Lindley:Cuadro 09





Elisa SeguinCuadro 22


Elisa SeguinCuadro 22






Mara Pa Lindley:Cuadros 19 y 20

Personal SAE

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2001 2002 2003

Fuente: INEI

Ocupada

OCUPADOS CON SECUNDARIA INCOMPLETA LIMA METROPOLITANA (miles)

ingresos

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

2001 2002 2003

Fuente: INEI

Ocupada

OCUPADOS CON EDUACIN SUPERIOR NO UNIVERSITARIA EN LIMA METROPOLITANA (miles)

INDICCA

RESPECTO DEL PERSONAL,

CULES DE LAS SIGUIENTES MEDIDAS APLICAR

SU EMPRESA EN LOS SIGUIENTES SEIS MESES?

(%)

20012002200320042005

EJSDJDMJSDMJSDMJSD

Incorporacin1014151192223719212523382634344137

Similar556859626657616660636165475958555559

Reduccin351826272522162721161412161581145

Fuente: Reuniones SAE, APOYO Consultora

Shizuo Sakaguchi:Cuadro 21

Shizuo Sakaguchi:Cuadro 22

2001 2002 2003 2004

Fuente: EPE (INEI)

1/ PEA ocupada sobre PET

TASA DE OCUPACIN EN LIMA METROPOLITANA 1/(%)

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

INDICCA

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

00

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2004

Fuente: Sondeos realizados a clientes de APOYO Consultora

Incorporacin

Reduccin

RESPECTO DEL PERSONAL QU MEDIDAS REALIZAR SU EMPRESA EN LOS PRXIMOS SEIS MESES? (%)

exceso de oferta

INGRESOS LABORALES EN LIMA METROPOLITANA

(S/. Mensuales)

Jan-05Jan-06Var. %

Total8098302.6

Segn nivel educativo

Primaria4674731.3

Secundaria incompleta4804912.2

Secundaria completa6156231.2

Superior tcnica8138180.7

Superior universitaria1,6131,7085.9

Segn tamao de empresas

De 1 a 10 trabajadores6006091.6

De 11 a 50 trabajadores9921,0192.8

De 51 a ms trabajadores1,2901,3131.8

Segn zonas

Cono norte6546915.8

Cono este735728-1.0

Cono centro1,1151,1614.1

Cono sur8098494.9

Callao702675-3.8

Fuente: INEI

CMO ESTN LAS CONDICIONESCMO ESPERA LAS CONDICIONES

PARA ENCONTRAR TRABAJOPARA ENCONTRAR TRABAJO

RESPECTO DE HACE DOCE MESES?DENTRO DE DOCE MESES?

(% que seal "mejor")(% que seal "mejor")

Feb-05Feb-06DiferenciaFeb-05Feb-06Diferencia

A92819A16171

B6148B153621

C4117C122311

D8113D162711

E7103E132512

Total6126Total142612

Fuente: APOYO ConsultoraFuente: APOYO Consultora

133203113316

235282215015

341153311112

436212612416

531154113013

0

Total36193112214

EXCESO DE OFERTA LABORAL ESTIMADO SEGN NIVEL EDUCATIVO

PrimariaSecundaria incompletaSecundaria completaSuperior no universitariaSuperior universitariaTotalPrimariaSecundaria incompletaSecundaria completaSuperior no universitariaSuperior universitariaTotal

20020975.459.448.738.634.649.8

20021070.059.745.538.830.747.6

20021175.256.547.737.630.248.4

20021272.462.947.837.829.048.5

20030171.855.748.737.136.449.0

20030274.261.850.840.229.950.1

20030372.361.150.040.235.851.0

20030474.461.749.440.536.850.9

20030572.662.749.937.228.048.7

20030672.067.247.237.434.349.8

20030775.463.247.543.330.050.3Total

20030875.461.649.739.130.750.0A73.461.148.639.032.249.5

20030975.163.547.638.330.149.1200373.461.548.539.031.849.5

20031074.662.546.337.528.748.7O73.861.748.538.931.749.5

20031176.458.850.038.529.449.1N73.961.948.738.931.649.6

20031270.961.547.937.230.248.2D73.761.848.738.931.749.6

20040177.565.051.838.031.651.7E74.262.649.038.931.349.8

20040273.761.552.336.727.149.2F74.262.549.138.731.149.7

20040370.262.250.536.930.549.1M74.062.649.238.430.649.6

20040472.863.852.935.129.549.6A73.962.849.537.930.049.4

20040573.760.649.940.628.648.9M74.062.649.538.230.149.5

20040677.159.047.933.532.548.1J74.461.949.537.929.949.3

20040774.062.846.836.026.146.5J74.361.949.537.329.649.0

20040868.660.549.336.033.748.3A73.761.849.437.029.848.9

20040970.061.448.237.632.347.7200473.361.649.537.030.048.8

20041071.762.148.436.428.847.9O73.161.649.736.930.048.7

20041174.259.347.135.629.747.4N72.961.749.436.630.148.5

20041271.461.947.636.829.347.1D72.961.749.436.630.048.5

20050171.765.051.342.134.151.5E72.461.749.336.930.248.4

20050276.661.051.841.230.750.8F72.761.649.337.330.548.6

20050369.363.448.338.832.248.6M72.661.749.137.530.648.5

20050472.256.947.239.427.947.1A72.661.248.637.830.548.3

20050571.558.850.832.730.447.4M72.461.048.737.230.648.2

20050672.061.147.633.528.246.5J71.961.248.737.230.348.1

20050771.059.445.136.825.645.5J71.760.948.637.230.248.0

20050871.358.047.531.730.345.9A71.960.748.436.930.047.8

20050972.556.545.835.629.545.5200572.160.348.236.729.747.6

Setiembre 2005

Superior universitaria29.7

Superior no universitaria36.7

Total47.6

Secundaria completa48.2

Secundaria incompleta60.3

Primaria72.1

SubempleoExceso de oferta laboralSubempleoExceso de oferta laboral

200356.34956.249.838.9

200455.74955.647.539.4

200555.34854.745.738.3

VARIACIN DEL EXCESO DE OFERTA LABORAL (Var. en puntos porcentuales de la PEA)

0

0

0

0

0

0

1/ Promedio mvil doce meses.

Fuente: INEI, APOYO Consultora

Setiembre 2005

EXCESO DE OFERTA LABORAL EN LIMA METROPOLITANA EN SETIEMBRE DEL 2005 1/(% de la PEA)

00

00

00

1/ Periodo julio - setiembre.

Fuente: INEI

Subempleo

Exceso de oferta laboral

SUBEMPLEO Y EXCESO DE OFERTA LABORAL EN LIMA METROPOLITANA 1/(% de la PEA)

Perspectivas en Gestin Humana 2006(Gerentes de RRHH, DBM)

TemasDescripcin

Mayor retoDesarrollo y capacitacin (19%), procesos de RRHH (12%), cambio organizacional (11%), clima laboral (11%)

CambiosOrganizacionales80% introducir cambios (83%: 2005): estructuras, gestin y productividad

PolticasSalariales64% incrementar sueldos (50%: 2005)

Polticas deContratacin50% contratar ms personal (71%: 2005), 15% reducir personal

II. Costos Laborales

* Calculado tomando en cuenta gratificaciones y vacaciones. Tomado de Saavedra y Maruyama (2000), con actualizacin de los datos a diciembre de 2001. Fuente: Miguel JaramilloCostos laborales no salariales en Per (1987-2002)

Costos laborales comparados(nmero de beneficios)Elaboracin: Miguel Jaramillo

Ecuacin de costos

Desde el cuarto ao. Para obreros, es 0.71%Tributo aplicable para industriasPromedio aplicable para actividades riesgosas.Si est afiliado a la ONP, la retencin es 13%

ConceptoRemuneracionesAportes a ESSALUD 9,00%Seguro de Vida Ley(1)0,53%Contribucin SENATI(2)0,75%Gratificaciones legales 16,67%CTS9,72%ESSALUD sobre gratificaciones1,50%Vacaciones8,33%ESSALUD sobre vacaciones0.75%Seguro Complementario de Trabajo de Riesgo(3)1.89%SUBTOTAL49,14%Retencin a empleados(4)13,19%TOTALES62,33%

La informalizacin de lo formalFuente: MTPE (1990-2003). Encuestas de Hogares Especializadas en Empleo. Lima: MTPEElaboracin: Juan Chacaltana.

Cada vez ms los empleos duran menos (de 8 a 4 aos en 15 aos)

Per Urbano: Distribucin del ingreso respecto al Salario Mnimo de los Asalariados privados( en empresas de 2 a ms trabajadores por categora ocupacional, 2001)

Competitividad y costo laboral unitarioFuente: WEF (2002), Global Competitiveness Report 2001-2002; KILM (OIT)Nota: En el eje vertical se presenta la posicin de cada pais en el ranking de competitividad. Los pases ms competitivos tienen los primeros lugares, por ejemplo USA aparece en el 2do lugar del ranking

Hay soluciones?Ley General del Trabajo: No promocin de cumplimiento laboral; mayora de costos se mantienen otros se incrementan; no incentivos de capacitacin ni formacin profesional ni buenas prcticas.TLC con EEUU: incidencia en probable mayor fiscalizacinTributarizacin laboral: Actuacin de SUNATConsejo Nacional del Trabajo?: Polarizacin ideolgica

Qu hacer?: FLEXISEGURIDAD

FLEXISEGURIDAD: Legislacin promotora, con reduccin de ciertos costos pero maximizando sistemas de cumplimiento de normas laborales.Compromiso de empresasCompromiso de Trabajadores Compromiso del EstadoDIALOGO SOCIAL

Compromisos del EstadoPlan Nacional Laboral de corto, mediano y largo plazoNormas: tcnicas + respeto del dilogo socialBeneficios de buenas prcticas: licitaciones, contratacin de estables, inversin en capacitacin, premios, empresas VIP, etc.Poltica Nacional de Cumplimiento de la Normativa Laboral: descentralizar fiscalizacin, inversin en inspecciones.Moderacin de costos diferenciados para nuevos trabajadores (Ej. Vacaciones).Norma de transicin de formalidad: aplicacin de costos y beneficios progresivas

Compromisos de los trabajadoresDiscusin tcnica de normas + respeto del dilogo socialPaz laboral: huelgas y marchas por razones tcnicas y espacios diferenciadosApuesta por productividad y capacitacin laborales: sueldos, ius variandi y cesesAceptar moderacin de ciertos costos para nuevos trabajadoresAsistencia tcnica

Compromisos de los empleadoresDiscusin tcnica de normas + respeto del dilogo socialCumplimiento y respeto de normas laborales Contratacin de personal en planillasInversin en capacitacin y productividadPago de beneficios sociales + tributos laborales

Flexiseguridad LaboralApuesta por dilogo socialRegulacin a largo plazoFlexibilidad + ProteccinCultura de formalidad

III. Regulacin Laboral 2006 y Estrategias Empresariales

Regulacin laboral: la tendencia pro trabajador y fiscalizacin

TemasDescripcin

TC + PoderJudicialReposiciones por despido sin causa, actuacionessindicales, lentitud y no especializacin

CongresoNormas sociales: LGT, Inspecciones, empleopblico, etc. Nuevo Congreso: normas laborales sociales (no flexibilizacin)

SUNATPlanillas electrnicas (agosto 2006), mayores ins-pecciones laborales, intento frustrado de utilidades

Ministerio deTrabajoMayor intervencin laboral, NEC rama (estibadores), Nueva Ley de Inspecciones, citaciones por problemas de contratas

Presiones laborales, sindicales y sociales

TemasDescripcin

SociedadSindicales + pueblo: presiones mayores

SindicatosSigue aumentando tasa sindical (8,5%), participacin de federaciones, huelgas

ReclamacionesMayores reclamaciones, denuncias laborales,Incremento de juicios laborales

Las propuestas Laborales de los principales candidatos Aprobar LGT, fortalecer inspecciones, promover a las PYMES, revisar CTS, aprobar libre desafiliacinUPPFlexibilidad laboral para nuevos, productividad, incentivos para buenas prcticas, aumento empleo formal, reforma de pensionesUnidad NacionalServices, ms inspecciones, jornada de 8 horas, vigencia de derechos laboralesPartido ApristaReforma laboral en PYMES, cadenas productivas laboralesFrente de Centro DESCRIPCINTEMAS

ContratacinCompensaciones y beneficiosContratacin temporal (plazos cortos + perodos de prueba, inclusin de clusulas en todos los Contratos (obligaciones) Utilizacin de conceptos no remunerativos (tickets de alimentos, escolaridad, movilidad). Bonos de productividad, Utilidades y productividad Estrategias Laborales Empresariales 2006 OutsourcingConcentracin en core Business, preocupacin por empleo adecuado de outsourcings, control y auditoras de services y contratas

Normas InternasBuenas PrcticasLaboralesReglamentacin y difusin de polticas: RIT, salud y seguridad, horas de trabajo y vacaciones, Buena fe laboral (confidencialidad, no competencia, tica, etc.)Involucramiento en gestin empresarial, voluntariado, portales B2EEstrategias Laborales Empresariales 2006 Fiscalizaciones yReclamacionesCentralizacin de responsabilidades, difusin de normas laborales

ConclusionesConyuntura electoral: casi no afectara crecimiento de empleo + polticas de gestin humana

Ms conflictos laborales + ms fiscalizaciones laborales + leyes laborales + mayores juicios

Qu hacer?: Prevencin de conflictos + Autorregulacin + Buenas Prcticas Laborales y en Gestin Humana

Muchas GraciasJorge Toyama [email protected]

Cada vez ms los empleos duran menos (de 8 a 4 aos en 15 aos)

Documents

costos laborales