Đếm sản phẩm truyền thông RF hiển thị máy tính

7/30/2019 m sn phm truyn thng RF hin th my tnh

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Trng H CNTT & TT Bo co tiKhoa CNT & TT NCKH cp Sinh VinL i ni u ............................................................................................ 2

Ch ng I ................................................................................................ 3

1.3 Kh o st th c t v gi i php thi t k .............................................................. 4

1.3.1 Kh o st th c t .......................................................................................... 4

Ch ng II ............................................................................................... 7

2.1 Cc linh ki n s d ng ........................................................................................ 7

2.1.1 Vi i u khi n PIC 16F877 ............................................................................ 7

2.1.2 IC MAX 232 .................................................................................................. 9

2.2.2 Module thu RF RX11 .................................................................................. 15

Ch ng III ............................................................................................ 16

3.1 S kh i ch c n ng h th ng ....................................................................... 16

3.1.1 S kh i h th ng ................................................................................... 16

3.1.2 Nguyn l ho t ng ................................................................................. 16

3.2 S m ch i n t ....................................................................................... 17

3.2.1 S kh i c m bi n .................................................................................. 17

3.2.2 S kh i x l pht ................................................................................ 18

3.2.3 S kh i x l thu: .................................................................................. 22

4.1.2 Ch ng trnh truy n .................................................................................. 26

4.2.2 Ch ng trnh nh n ..................................................................................... 33

CH NG V ........................................................................................... 37K T QU T C .............................................................................. 37

4.1 K t qu t c ............................................................................................. 37

4.2 Th o lu n v h ng pht tri n ........................................................................ 39

Sinh vin thc hin : Nghim Hu TonBi Duy Tin


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Trng H CNTT & TT Bo co tiKhoa CNT & TT NCKH cp Sinh Vin

Li ni u

Ngy nay vi s pht trin mnh m ca khoa hc k thut, i km theo lnhng ng dng ca vic ng dng nhng tin b ca khoa hc k thut vo trongcuc sng cng nh sn xut pht trin kinh t l rt cn thit. Chng ta c th thyrng, t nc ta ang trn pht trin tr thnh mt nc cng nghip theohng hin i, v vy vic ng dng cc nghin cu khoa hc nng cao nngsut lao ng l vic rt quan trng phc v cho yu cu pht trin.

Vi mong mun ng dng nhng kin thc hc v nghin cu c vothc t, chng em mnh dn xut ti Ch to b m sn phm trong

khun kh thc hin ti NCKH cp sinh vin Trng H Cng Ngh ThngTin v Truyn Thng.

Mc d c nhiu c gng nhng chc chn ti khng trnh khi thiuxt. Chng em xin chn thnh cm n s hng dn tn tnh ca Th.S V ThnhVinh gip chng em hon thnh ti mt cch tt nht.

Thi Nguyn ,ngy 29 thng 11 nm2011

Nhm thc hin ti



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Chng I

Phn tch h thng1.1 Gii thiu ti

ti Ch to b m sn phm l ti nm trong k hoch ti nghincu khoa hc cp Sinh Vin nm 2011 Trng i Hc Thng Tin v TruynThng. Nhm xy dng mt h thng c kh nng m sn phm trn cc bngchuyn, hay x nghipNgoi tnh nng m chnh xc s sn phm v hin thchnh xc B m sn phm cn gip ngi vn hnh n d dng kim sot haytruy xut thng tin lin quan n d liu c thu thp.

ti ny mang tnh cht nghin cu cc k thut lin quan phc v cho qutrnh m sn phm nh cc k thut giao tip phn cng, k thut truyn dn d

liu ni tip , song song, k thut lp trnh vi iu khin1.2 Mc ch yu cu ca bi ton

Mc ch ca bi ton l xy dng thnh cng b m m sn phm thngqua b cm bin v hin th ra led 7 on v trn giao din mn hnh my vi tnh.

T yu cu ca bi ton nh sau :

Cm bin chnh xc s sn phm i qua h thng.

Truyn thng v m ha ti module pht sng v tuyn.

Thu sng , gii m v truyn thng ni tip v cng ni tip ca my tnh.

Hin th bng giao din phn mm trn mn hnh my tnh..



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1.3 Kho st thc t v gii php thit k

1.3.1 Kho st thc t

B m sn phm c ch to v ng dng cng kh ph bin trong cc

dy chuyn sn xut cng nghip cc nc pht trin trn th gii. Vit Namcng pht trin v ng dng trong cc dy chuyn sn xut trong cc cngty, x nghip nh my nh nh my xi mng, dy chuyn sn phm cc cng

Hnh 1: H thng cn m sn phm

Trong cc trng i hc, cc c s nghin cu vic nghin cu ch to bm sn phm hoc nng cao cht lng c nghin cu cc ti nghincu ng dng ca cc sinh vin hay cc ging vin. Do ty vo cc tnh nng

ca h thng m c th khc nhau. ti Ch to b m sn phm ca chng em tuy rng khng mi, nhng

c ci tin nng cao tnh nng cng nh cht lng ca h thng vi cc yucu t ra.

S quy trnh m sn phm :


Sn

Phm

Cm

Bin

Vi iu

Khin

Hin

Th


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Hnh 2: S quy trnh m sn phm Quy trnh m sn phm :

S sn phm c kim sot bi b cm bin, cm bin ny c nhim v gimst s sn phm i qua n, sau thng bo v vi iu khin. Vi iu khin lmchc nng x l d liu chuyn sang mch hin th v truyn v my tnh. Mchhin th nh n d liu t vi iu khin x l v hin th chnh xc s sn phm.

1.3.2 Cc gii php thit k

Thng qua qu trnh phn tch cng nh kho st bn trn c th ara cc gii php thit k nh sau:

S dng vi iu khin PIC16F877A xy dng cc module iu khintruyn nhn d liu.

S dng cm bin ca hng Om-Zon cm bin mc tn hiu( s sn phmi qua cm bin).

S dng cc linh kin in t v cc IC chuyn dng phc v cho cctnh nng ca mch nh m ha, gii m, chuyn i mc tn hiu..

S dng cc cng c thit k phn mm, chng trnh ,m phng nh:Proteus, Orcad, CCS . xy dng chng trnh iu khin v giao din hinth trn mn hnh my vi tnh.

S dng module thu pht c sn , thu pht di tn xc nh d dng tchhp cho vic thit k mch.



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Hn ch ca h thng trong thc t:

H thng lm vic trong h thng dy chuyn do sinh vin t thit k.

Do s dng truyn sng v tuyn nn vic b nhiu l khng th trnh khi.

h thng c th a vo ng dng trong thc t cc dy chuyn snxut cc cng ty x nghip th cn thm cc cm bin chuyn dng, phi hp vicc h thng cng sut v c kh khc h thng hon thin hn.

Ngoi ra do kin thc cn hn ch v k nng c hn nn khi thit k vncha hon ton ti u.



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Chng II

Tng quan v linh kin

2.1 Cc linh kin s dng

2.1.1 Vi iu khin PIC 16F877Hnh nh ca pic trong thc t nh sau:

Hnh 3: Hnh dng thc t ca Pic 16F877A

y l Vi iu khin ca hng Microchip tch hp nh gn, vi y cc tnhnng phc v cho cc yu cu trong bi, hn na n c cc cng c phn mm csn h tr gip d dng trong vic lp trnh .

Hnh 4:S chn ca Pic 16F877A



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Cc tnh nng Pic16F877A h tr:

Tp lnh, cu trc c ti u ha theo ngn ng C

B nh chng trnh ln ti : 8K x 14 words B nh d liu : 368K RAM, 256K EEPROM

u vo dao ng thch anh ln n 20 MHz

Gm 35 tp l nh c di 14bit

H tr cc cp u tin ngt

Tnh nng ngoi vi:

Dng pht/ht cao: 25 mA/25 mA

1 chn ngt ngoi

Timer0 : 8-bit

Timer1 : 16-bit timer/counter

Timer2 : 8-bit timer/counter

Hai b Capture/so snh/iu ch rng xung.

Capture input: capture is 16-bit, max. resolution 12.5 ns

Compare is 16-bit, max. resolution 200 ns (TCY)

PWM output: PWM resolution is 1- to 10-bitax

Khi truyn thng ni tip ng b (Master Synchronous Serial Port -MSSP)

Hai ch hot ng:

3-dy SPI (H tr c 4 ch SPI)

I2C c ch Master v Slave

H tr RS-485 v RS-232

Khi cng song song (Parallel Slave Port - PSP)Tnh nng tng t:

Khi chuyn i tng t sang s phn gii 10-bit:

Chu k ly mu nhanh

Pht hin reset do st ngun lp trnh c (BOR)



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2.1.2 IC MAX 232

Hnh 5: S chn ca Max 232

y l IC chuyn dng phc v cho vic giao tip gia thit b ngoi vi vi mytnh v mc in p khng tng thch nn phi chuyn i mc in p.

Hnh 6: S u ni IC Max232



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Bng trng thi:

Hnh 7: Bng trng thi truyn v nhn d liu ca IC MAX232

2.1.3 IC m ha PT2262

Hnh 8: S chn ca PT2262

Chc nng :

IC PT2262 dng m ha tn hiu iu khin.

Cc chn A0 n A7 : 8 chn a ch m ha vi 3 trng thi, v vy n cth m ha c 3 m 8 (6561) a ch.

Chn D0 n D3 : l u vo 4 bt d liu cn m ha.

Chn TE : chn cho php truyn

Chn DOUT : chn ra nhng xung lin tip d liu c m ha.

Cc chn OSC1 , OSC2 : dng thit lp tn s xung m hot ng ca IC.



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Vcc , Vss : Chn cp ngun cho IC hot ng n trong khong t 4V n

15V.

2.1.4 IC gii m PT2272

Hnh 9: S chn ca PT2272

Chc nng:

IC PT2272 dng gii m tn hiu iu khin ca PT2262.

Cc chn A0 n A7 : 8 chn a ch m ha vi 3 trng thi, v vy n cth m ha c 3 m 8 (6561) a ch.

Chn D0 n D3 : l u vao 4 bt d liu c gii m.

Chn VT : chn bo nhn ng d liu.

DIN : chn nhn d liu cn gii m.

Cc chn OSC1 , OSC2 : dng thit lp tn s xung m hot ng ca IC.



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Vcc , Vss : Chn cp ngun cho IC hot ng n trong khong t 4V n15V.

2.1.5 Cm bin Om-zon

Hnh 10: Hnh nh ca Cm bin Om-ZonChc nng:

y l loi cm bin ca hng OM-Zon dng cm bin chnh xc theo mc

tn hiu. Ngoi cc tnh cm bin chnh xc, n cn c n nh rt cao thch hp

s dng trong cc mi trng khc nhau.



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Hnh 11: Cu to bn tr

Cu to bn trong gm led pht hoc thu, mch iu khin v ngun hot ng

12 n 24 V. Trong bi chng em dng ngun 12 V.

2.1.6 Cc linh kin in t c bn khc

Ngoi cc linh kin trn, trong bi cn s dng cc linh kin in t c bn nh :

in tr, t in, cc transistor v led 7 on hin th.

2.2 Module chuyn dng2.2.1 Modul pht RF TX11



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Hnh 12: Module pht TX11

M t chc nng:

y l module dng iu ch sng mang ca tn hiu sau khi m ha tPT2262 v truyn ra anten pht i.

Khong cch thu pht 100m

in p cung cp 2,5 12V

Gm 3 chn: VCC, GND, DATA.

Tn s hot ng 315MHz

Data input: TTL ph hp vi mc d liu ca cc IC hin nay.

Hot ng -10 n 60 C.



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2.2.2 Module thu RF RX11

Hnh 13: Hnh nh Module RX11

Hnh 14: S mch chi tit ca module RX11M t chc nng:

y l module chuyn dng dng gii iu ch sng mang t anten thu, sau a v IC gii m PT2272.

in p s dng DC 5v (0.5V).

Dng in 4mA.

Tn s hot ng 315MHz Mc in p ng ra tng thch chun TTL.

Tc ti a 4800 baud

Hot ng -10 n 60 C.



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Chng III

Thit k phn cng3.1 S khi chc nng h thng

3.1.1 S khi h thng

Hnh 15: S khi h thng

3.1.2 Nguyn l hot ngKhi c sn phm i qua h thng cm bin th Khi cm bin s bo v Khi

x l pht. Khi ny lm nhim v nhn tn hiu t cm bin ng thi x l truyn ti Khi x l thu. Khi x l thu sau khi nhn c tn hiu t Khi x l

pht, n s truyn ti Khi hin th. Khi hin th chnh l my vi tnh n s nhntn hiu qua cng ni tip v x l hin th.

Khi ngun lm nhim c cung cp ngun n nh cho h thng hot ng ninh, chnh xc


Khi

x l

pht

Khi

x l

thu

Khi

Cm

Bin

Khi

hin

th

Khi

ngun


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3.2 S mch in t

3.2.1 S khi cm bin

Hnh 16: S mch khi cm bin

Nguyn l hot ng:

Khi cm bin s dng 2 cm bin Om-zon kim sot sn phm. Mt cmbin kim tra s sn phm i qua, mt cm bin kim tra c sn phm chngln nhau hoc dnh nhau hay khng( tnh nng ti u). C 2 u ra cm bin cni vo chn PB0 v PB1 ca PIC16F877A.



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3.2.2 S khi x l phtS khi ca khi x l pht:

Hnh 17: S khi x l pht

a, Mch Reset

Hnh 18: Mch Reset

Nguyn l:

Khi nhn cng tc BUTTON SW1 h thng s c thit t li trng thi banu, u ra ca mch s c ni vo chn MCLR ca Vi iu khin



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b, Mch vi iu khin A

Hnh 19: Mch Vi iu khin A

Nguyn l:

Khi Vi iu khin A l vi iu khin PIC16F877A lm nhim v nhn tn hiu

t cm bin ng thi x l hin th ra led 7 on v truyn ti b m ha truynRF. Cc bc x l do ngi lp trnh phi lp trnh.

c, Mch ngun

Hnh 20: Mch ngun



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Nguyn l: Mch s dng IC7805 chuyn i t 12V xung mc 5V viiu khin hot ng.

d, Mch hin th led 7 thanh

Hnh 21: Mch hin th led 7 thanh

Nguyn l:

Mch s dng led 7 on v transistor kch dng cho led sng u p.

S hin th s sn phm c x l t vi iu khin gi ra,

e, Mch truyn RF

Hnh 22: Mch truyn RF

Nguyn l:



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Nhn d liu t vi iu khin m ha 4 bit d liu bi IC PT2262 v bc xthnh sng in t ra mi trng.

S chi tit c khi x l pht:

Hnh 23: S mch in t ca khi x l pht

Nguyn l hot ng : Cm bin Om-Zon pht hin sn phm i qua v truynxung n chn nhn ngt INT ca PIC16F877A. Vi iu khin m tng bin m



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khi c xung vo. ng thi x l lu gi tr s ca mi con led vo mt bintng ng v hin th ln led 7 thanh, cc gi ny c xut ln lt ra Port D. ICPT2262 nhn 4 bit d liu t Port B m ha chng v a ra module RF Tx11truyn i di dng sng v truyn.

3.2.3 S khi x l thu:

Hnh 24: S khi x l nhn

a, Mch nhn RF



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Hnh 25: S mch nhn

Nguyn l: Thc hin chc nng gii iu ch sng mang v a vo IC gii mPT2272 sau a vo vi iu khin.

b, Mch truyn RS232

Hnh 26: Mch truyn RS232

Nguyn l:



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S dng IC chuyn i d liu ni tip mc TTL sang chun in p RS232 truyn v my tnh. S dng cng ni tip ca my tnh.

S chi tit c khi x l thu:

Hnh 27: S mch in t khi x l thu

Nguyn l hot ng :



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Module RF Rx11 thu sng in t v d liu c a vo IC PT2272 giim ra c 4 bit truyn tng ng (D0 n D3) bi module Tx11. Bn bt d liuny c a ti Port D ca PIC16F877A ng thi a ti chn bo nhn VT lnmc 1. Vi iu khin nhn d liu t Port D phc v truyn thng ni tip qua

chn TX , RX. IC MAX232 nhn tn hiu t chn TX , RX v chuyn i in pmc TTL sang chun in p RS232 ri a n cng COM ca my tnh.

Chng IV

Xy dng chng trnh

4.1 Chng trnh iu khin PIC

4.1.1 Lu truyn:



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Hnh 28: Lu thut ton truyn

4.1.2 Chng trnh truyn

#include


Begin

Khi to ngt, cc gitr ban u, thit lpthng s truyn RF

Kimtra ngt

(sp)( ch

C

Thc hin m sn

phm, hin th ra led7 on v truyn ra

b truyn RF

khng


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#fuses

HS,NOWDT,NOPUT,NOPROTECT,NOBROWNOUT,NOLVP,NODEBUG

#use delay(clock=20000000)

#use fast_io(a)

#use fast_io(c)

#use fast_io(d)

#use fast_io(e)

#byte RA=0x05

#byte RB=0x06

#byte RC=0x07

#byte RD=0x08

#byte RE=0x09

#bit B1=0x06.1

int8 maled[]={0b10000000,0b11110010,0b01001000,0b01100000,

0b00110010,0b00100100,0b00000100,0b11110000,0b00000000,0b00100000};

int8 sp[]={15,0,0,0,0},i=0;

int16 dem,n=0;

#INT_EXT

void int_0()

{

if(B1==0) dem+=2;

else dem++;



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if(dem>9999) dem=0;

sp[4]=dem/1000;

sp[3]=(dem%1000)/100;

sp[2]=(dem/10)%10;

sp[1]=dem%10;

i=0;

}

#INT_TIMER0

void timer_0()

{

n++;

if(n==625)

{

if(i


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i++;

}

n=0;

}

set_timer0(131);

}

void main()

{

set_tris_e(0);

output_high(pin_E0);

set_tris_a(0);

set_tris_b(0b00000011);

set_tris_c(0);

set_tris_d(0);

enable_interrupts(INT_EXT);

enable_interrupts(INT_TIMER0);

setup_timer_0(RTCC_INTERNAL|RTCC_DIV_8);

set_timer0(131);

enable_interrupts(GLOBAL);

ext_int_edge(0,L_TO_H);

RC=0;



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RD=0;

RA=0;

//===========================================

while(true)

{

RD=maled[sp[4]];

output_high(pin_B7);

delay_ms(3);

output_low(pin_B7);

RD=maled[sp[3]];


delay_ms(3);

output_low(pin_B6);

RD=maled[sp[2]];


delay_ms(3);

output_low(pin_B5);

RD=maled[sp[1]];




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delay_ms(3);

output_low(pin_B4);

}

}

4.2 Chng trnh nhn v truyn thng ni tip n my tnh

4.2.1 Lu nhn:



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Begin

Thit lp gi tr ban u,cc thng s truyn nhn,

gi v my tnh

Kim tratn hiu

nhn bthu

C

Thc hin nhn v gid liu v my vitnh.My tnh thc hinhin th

khng


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Hnh 29 : Lu thut ton nhn d liu

4.2.2 Chng trnh nhn

#include

#fuses

HS,NOWDT,NOPUT,NOPROTECT,NOBROWNOUT,NOLVP,NODEBUG

#use delay(clock=20000000)


Begin

Thit lp gi tr ban u,cc thng s truyn nhn,

gi v my tnh

Kim tratn hiu

nhn bthu

C

Thc hin nhn v gi

d liu v my vitnh.My tnh thc hinhin th

khng


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#use fast_io(a)

#use fast_io(b)

#use rs232(baud=9600,parity=n,xmit=pin_c6,rcv=pin_c7)

#byte RA=0x05

#byte RB=0x06

char sp[]="@0000";

int8 kt=1,i=5,a;

#INT_EXT

void ngat()

{

a=RA&0b00001111;

if(a==15) i=4;

else

{

if(i!=5)

{

sp[i]=a+0x30;

i--;

if(i==0)

{

i=5;



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kt=1;

}

}

}

}

void main()

{

printf("$");

set_tris_a(0b111111);

set_tris_b(0b00000001);

enable_interrupts(int_ext);

ext_int_edge(0,L_TO_H);

enable_interrupts(global);

while(true)

{

if(kt==1)

{

printf("%s",sp);

kt=0;

}

}



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}



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CHNG V

KT QU T C

4.1 Kt qu t cSau mt nm tm hiu v nghin cu, chng em xy dng hon chnh B

m sn phm, vi c module truyn , module nhn v phn mm hin th my

vi tnhHin th chnh xc s sn phm, p ng c cc yu cu qun l nh

lu file v truy xut file. Mch lm vic n nh .

Mt s hnh nh v sn phm:

Hnh 30: Hnh nh thc t ca khi nhn RF



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Hnh 31: Hnh nh thc t ca Mch cm bin v truyn RF

Hnh 32: Giao din phn mm hin th my tnh



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4.2 Tho lun v hng pht trinTuy hon thnh sn phm nhng tnh ng dng ca sn phm trong thc t

cn cha cao do cc linh kin cha n nh cao, phn phi hp cng sut , c kh

cha ng b. Mt khc do kinh nghim, cng nh vn kin thc thc t chaton din do chng em rt mong c s gip ca thy c v bn b ..

Da trn nhng g tm hiu c, chng em c hng pht trin cao hn l

iu khin khng ch m sn phm m cn thm chc nng nhn dng, kim sot

an ninh. iu khin Robot bng my tnh



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KT LUN V KIN NGH



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Ti liu tham kho :

Programming and Customizing the PIC Microcontroller by Myke Predko - ThirdEdition

1. Trng CNTT v TT TN K thut truyn s liu.

2. Trng CNTT v TT TN K thut vi x l.

3. http://www.picvietnam.com CCS C cho PIC16F877A 2008

4. http://www.ccsinfo.com

5. http://www.dientuvietnam.net

6. http://www.microchip.com

7. http://www.google.com.vn

http://www.picvietnam.com/http://www.ccsinfo.com/http://www.dientuvietnam.net/http://www.microchip.com/http://www.google.com.vn/http://www.picvietnam.com/http://www.ccsinfo.com/http://www.dientuvietnam.net/http://www.microchip.com/http://www.google.com.vn/


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Đếm sản phẩm truyền thông RF hiển thị máy tính