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2002, Ver1.0 任任任 任任任任任任任任任任 1 Digital Image Processing Dr. Ren Mingwu Lab 603, Department of computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China Tel: 025-4315751-724 Email [email protected]

Digital Image Processing

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Digital Image Processing. Dr. Ren Mingwu Lab 603, Department of computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China Tel: 025-4315751-724 Email:[email protected]. Reference books in Chinese : 《图象工程》上下册,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 《图象分割》,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

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Page 1: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 1

Digital Image Processing

Dr. Ren MingwuLab 603, Department of computer Science and Engineering,Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, ChinaTel: 025-4315751-724Email : [email protected]

Page 2: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 2

Reference books in Chinese : 《图象工程》上下册,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 《图象分割》,章毓晋,清华大学出版社。 《计算机视觉》,吴立德, 复旦大学出版社。 《图象处理与分析》, 徐建华, 科学出版社。 《计算机视觉与模式识别》郑南宁,国防工业出版社。

Reference journals in Chinese 《计算机研究与发展》 《中国图像图形学报〉 《计算机工程 》 《模式识别与人工智能 》 《电子学报》

Page 3: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 3

References in English (can be found in library or Lab 603, in NUST)

《 IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence 》 , Abbreviated by T-PAMI

《 IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 》 ,T-IP

《 Pattern Recognition 》 ,PR

《 Image and Vision Computing 》 ,IVC

《 Optical Engineering 》 ,OE

《 Artificial Intelligence 》 ,AI

《 Computer Vision and Image Understanding 》 ,CVIU

《 Graphical Models and Image Processing 》 ,GMIP

《 Machine Vision and Applications 》 ,MVA

《 Pattern Recognition Letters 》 ,PRL

Page 4: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 4

Chapter.1 Preface

1.1 Intruduction Digital Image processing, that is, the manipulation of images by computer, has been playing a more and more important role in today’s computer field. Four factors stimulate its development as the following:

(1) Declining cost of the computer equipment required.

(2) Increasing availability of equipment for digitizing and displaying images.

(3)New technology, such as inexpensive charge-coupled device (CCD), new memory technologies for large low-cost image storage arrays, and inexpensive, high-resolution color display systems, trends to further the growth of the field.

(4)Widely applied in commercial, medical application, industrial and in scientific research. <some examples>

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 5

1.2 The Elements of Digital Image processing System

Fig.1 A physical image and a corresponding digital image

Page 6: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 6

1)-n1,-f(m 1,1)-f(m 1,0)-f(m

1)-nf(1, f(1,1) f(1,0)

1)-nf(0, f(0,1) f(0,0)

F

Fig.2 Digitizing an Image

Page 7: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 7

TmfffF ,,, 110

)1,(,),1,(),0,( nifififfi Here,

Page 8: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 8

Fig.3 A digital image processing system

There are two popular input devices: Camera and Scanner

Page 9: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 9

A line CCD device 2048x1

The Curve of

wavelength response

A digital CameraA normal

anolog

camera

A pinhole camera

Page 10: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 10

A dome camera

Technical Specipications

A IP Camera

传统摄像机 + 内置服务器 + 内置网卡,通过以太网或互联网进行访问,支持远程控制 ( 云台 + 解码器 + 镜头 ) ,支持客户端多路同时录像,远端的浏览者不需任何专业软件,只要标准的网络浏览器 (Microsoft IE 或Netscape)

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 11

常用的摄像机与计算机的接口方式 :(1) 模拟摄像机 + 专业图像卡(2) 模拟摄像机 + 多媒体卡(3) 数字摄像机 +USB 接口(4) 数字摄像机 +1394 接口 ( 或接口卡 )(5) 高分辨率数字摄像机 + 专业的数字接口卡 (RS644 、 LVDS 卡 )

摄像机 价格模拟摄像机 800˜4000 元

电脑眼 200 ˜500 元IP 摄像机 4000 ˜8000 元红外热象仪 20-50 万元100 万象素以上的数字摄像机 3 ˜8 万元

A simple camera

Usually called PC Eye

Page 12: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 12

B_ORION (AGP)

ICOLOR (PCI)

带 CPU 的 Odyssey Xpro

Page 13: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 13

扫描仪与计算机的接口方式(1) 扫描仪 + 并口(2) 扫描仪 +SCSI 卡(3) 扫描仪 +USB 接口(4) 扫描仪 +1394 接口 ( 或接口卡 )

克里奥 iQSmart 扫描仪 传感器: CCD 平台式最大分辨率 ( 光学 ): 5,500×10,000dpi最大分辨率 ( 插值 ): 10,000dpi颜色深度 : 16bit最大密度: 4.1密度范围: 3.9接口方式: IEEE1394

Panasonic 2045c 高速扫描仪传输速度: 20MB/s接口方式: Ultra SCSI耐久度:大约 500 万张最大扫描幅面: A4扫描速度: 200dpi 时, A4 双面/ 2 秒钟

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 14

一种 1394卡

一种多媒体卡

一种电视台专用编辑卡

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 15

美国 Coreco公司BanditII图像卡

加拿大Matrox公司B_Orion图像卡

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 16

1.3 The Terminology of Digital Image processing

Fig.4 Types of Images

A digital image is now a two-dimensional rectangular array of quantized sample values

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 17

IR(Infra-red) : Temperature

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 18

Output

Image Descriptive Data

I

N

P

U

T

Image Image Processing Image Analysis and Recognition

Descriptive Data

Image Synthesis(computer graphics)

Non-image-related uses of computers

Tab.1 The differences Between Image Processing, Image Analysis, and computer graphics

However, digital image processing usually covers both digital image processing and image analysis.

Page 19: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 19

1.4 The Tasks/Contents of Digital Image processing

1.4.1 Three Levels

Low( 低 )

Large( 大 )

Abstract degree

( 抽象程度 )

High Level ( 高层 )

图象理解

图象分析

图象处理

Symbol

( 符号 )

Targets

( 目标 )

Pixels

( 象素 )

Semantic

( 语义 )Middle Level( 中层 )

Low Level( 低层 )

High( 高 )Small( 小)

quantity of data

( 数据量 )

Page 20: Digital Image Processing

2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 20

A : Image Processing A1 Acquirement and Sampling( 图象采集与获取 ), Camera Calibrating( 成象方法、摄象机校正等 )

A2 Image Restoration( 图象重建 ), epically from camera, such as CT.

A3 Image Transform, Filtering, Enhancement, and Recovery( 图象变换、滤波、增强、恢复或复原等 )

A4 Image Compression and Coding( 图象压缩编码 )

B : Image Analysis B1 Edge Detection, Segmentation( 边缘检测、图象分割 )

B2 Target Expression, Description, and Measurement( 目标表达、描述、测量 )

B3 Target Shape, Texture, movement( 目标形状、纹理、空间、运动等的分析 )

B4 2-D Target recognition, classification and extraction(2 维目标的识别、分类和提取 )

C : Image Understanding C1 Image match, console point match ( 序列、立体 ) 图象 ( 特征点 ) 匹配 C2 3-D Model, scene recovery ( 建模、客观场景恢复 )

C3 scene understanding

1.4.2 Contents

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2002, Ver1.0 任明武,南京理工大学计算机系 21

1.4.3 An example

Image Processing

(Median Filter)

Original Image

Image Analysis

(Edge Detection)

Image Analysis

(Segmentation)

Image Understanding

(There are a table near middle and a desk on up-right corner)