Diode Familys

8/11/2019 Diode Familys

1/17

NRI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT,

GWALIOR

Seminar

On

Diode Family

Submitted to Submitted by

Mr! "i#e$ %raa'ati %ra(oon %ara()ar

H.O.D. of EC 3rd sem (EC)

Department 0937ec131039


2/17

CONTENTS

1) Diode

2) Zener diode

3) Avaanc!e diode

") #aractor diode

$) %c!ott&' diode

) *nne diode

7) +in diode

,) -ED

9) +!otodiodes


3/17

DIODE

A diode is an eectronic component it! to eectrodes

caed t!e anodeand t!e cathode. /ost diodes are made it!

semicond*ctormaterias s*c! as siicon ermani*m or

seeni*m.

!e f*ndamenta propert' of a diode is its tendenc' to

cond*ct eectric c*rrentin on' one direction.

Diodes can e *sed as rectifiers sina imiters votae

re*ators sitc!es sina mod*ators sina miers sina

demod*ators and osciators
http://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/definition/semiconductorhttp://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/definition/currenthttp://searchtelecom.techtarget.com/definition/switchhttp://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/definition/semiconductorhttp://searchcio-midmarket.techtarget.com/definition/currenthttp://searchtelecom.techtarget.com/definition/switch


4/17

Ty'e( o* diode

Zener diode

Avaanc!e diode

#aractor diode

%c!ott&' diode

*nne diode

+in diode

-ED

+!otodiodes


5/17


6/17


7/17

!e *nction of an avaanc!e diode is desined to prevent c*rrent

concentration at !ot spots so t!at t!e diode is *ndamaed ' t!e

rea&don.

!e avaanc!e rea&don is *niform across t!e !oe *nction

t!e rea&don votae is more near' constant it! c!anin

c*rrent compared to a non8avaanc!e diode.

!e votae after rea&don varies on' si!t' it!

c!anin c*rrent. !is ma&es t!e avaanc!e diode *sef* as a

t'pe of votae reference.

A common appication is protectin eectronic circ*its

aainst damain !i! votaes.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche_diode#cite_note-1%23cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_referencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overvoltagehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche_diode#cite_note-1%23cite_note-1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_referencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_circuithttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Overvoltage


8/17

Avaanc!e diodes enerate radio fre5*enc'noise. !e' are

common' *sed as noise so*rces in radio e5*ipment and

!ardare random n*mer enerators.

"arator Diode

A varactor diode is specia' man*fact*red +8: *nction it!

s*itae imp*rit' concentration profie and operated *nder reversed

iased conditions so as to 'ied a variae *nction capacitance.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_random_number_generatorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radio_frequencyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hardware_random_number_generator


9/17

#aractor diodes or varicap diodes norma' enae m*c! !i!er

ranes of capacitance c!ane to e ained as a res*t of t!e a' in

!ic! t!e' are man*fact*red. !ere are a variet' of t'pes of

varactor diode ranin from reative' standard varieties to t!ose

t!at are descried as ar*pt or !'perar*pt varactor diodes.

Voltage controlled oscillators, VCOs: #otae controed

osciators are *sed for a variet' of appications. One maor area is

for t!e osciator it!in a p!ase oc&ed oop 8 t!is are *sed in

amost a radio ce*ar and ireess receivers. A varactor diode is

a &e' component it!in a #CO.

RF filters: ;sin varactor diodes it is possie to t*ne fiters.

rac&in fiters ma' e needed in receiver front end circ*its !ere

t!e' enae t!e fiters to trac& t!e incomin received sina

fre5*enc'. Aain t!is can e controed *sin a contro votae.

'pica' t!is mi!t e provided *nder microprocessor contro via

a diita to anao*e converter.


10/17

S)ott$y Diode

%c!ott&' diode is a ne etension of point contact diode. !is

diode is aso &non as !ot carrier diode a !ot eectron diode.

6t is a semicond*ctor diodeit! a o forard votae drop and a

ver' fast sitc!in action.

4!en c*rrent fos t!ro*! a diode t!ere is a sma votae drop

across t!e diode terminas. A norma siicon diode !as a votae

drop eteen 0.


11/17


12/17

=eca*se of t!is t'pe of dopin t!e depetion a'er is reative'

ide and t!ere eists a potentia arrier across *nction. D*e to t!is

potentia arrier !oes from + to : reion and eectrons from : to

+ reion cannot cross t!e *nction

+in Diode

A %IN diodeis a diodeit! a ide i!t' doped >near> intrinsic

semicond*ctorreion eteen ap8t'pe semicond*ctorand an n8

t'pe semicond*ctorreion. !e p8t'pe and n8t'pe reions are

t'pica' !eavi' dopedeca*se t!e' are *sed for o!mic contacts.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doping_(semiconductor)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmic_contacthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N-type_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doping_(semiconductor)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohmic_contact


13/17

!e ide intrinsic reion ma&es t!e +6: diode an inferior

rectifier(one t'pica f*nction of a diode) *t it ma&es t!e +6:

diode s*itae for atten*ators fast sitc!es p!otodetectors and

!i! votae poer eectronics appications.

A +6: diode oe's t!e standard diode e5*ation for o fre5*enc'

sinas. At !i!er fre5*encies t!e diode oo&s i&e an amost

perfect (ver' inear even for are sinas) resistor. !ere is a ot of

stored c!are in t!e intrinsic reion.

At o fre5*encies t!e c!are can e removed and t!e diode

t*rns off.

At !i!er fre5*encies t!ere is not eno*! time to remove t!e

c!are so t!e diode never t*rns off. !e +6: diode !as a poor

reverse recover' time.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reverse_recovery_time&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intrinsic_semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Reverse_recovery_time&action=edit&redlink=1


14/17

LED

A li-)temittin- diode(LED) is a to8ead semicond*ctori!t

so*rce. 6t is a asicpn8*nctiondiode !ic! emits i!t !en

activated.

4!en a fittin votae is appied to t!e eads eectronsare ae to

recomine it! eectron !oesit!in t!e device reeasin ener'

in t!e form ofp!otons. !is effect is caed eectro*minescence

and t!e coor of t!e i!t (correspondin to t!e ener' of t!e

p!oton) is determined ' t!e ener'and apof t!e

semicond*ctor.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pn-junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_holeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroluminescencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band_gaphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semiconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pn-junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_holeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electroluminescencehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Band_gap


15/17

An -ED is often sma in area (ess t!an 1 mm2) and interated

optica components ma' e *sed to s!ape its radiation pattern.

-ED *ses fa into fo*r maor cateories?

#is*a sinas !ere i!t oes more or ess direct' from t!e

so*rce to t!e !*man e'e to conve' a messae or meanin.

6*mination!ere i!t is refected from oects to ive

vis*a response of t!ese oects.

/eas*rin and interactin it! processes invovin no

!*man vision.

:arro and i!t sensors !ere -EDs operate in a reverse8

ias mode and respond to incident i!t instead of emittin

i!t.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_patternhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lightinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Radiation_patternhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighting


16/17

%)otodiode

A ')otodiodeis a semicond*ctor device t!at converts i!tinto

c*rrent.

!e c*rrent is enerated !en p!otons are asored in t!e

p!otodiode. A sma amo*nt of c*rrent is aso prod*ced !en no

i!t is present.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_currenthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lighthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_current


17/17

. /an' diodes desined for *se specifica' as a p!otodiode *se a

+6: *nctionrat!er t!an ap8n *nction to increase t!e speed of

response. A p!otodiode is desined to operate in reverse ias.

+8: p!otodiodes are *sed in simiar appications to ot!er

p!otodetectors s*c! asp!otocond*ctors c!are8co*ped devices

andp!otom*tipiert*es.

+!otodiodes are *sed in cons*mer eectronicsdevices s*c! as

compact discpa'ers smo&e detectors and t!e receivers for

infrared remote contro devices*sed to contro e5*ipment from

teevisionsto air conditioners.

+!otodiodes are often *sed for acc*rate meas*rement of i!t

intensit' in science and ind*str'. !e' enera' !ave a more inear

response t!an p!otocond*ctors.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIN_diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_biashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodetectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge-coupled_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photomultiplierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_dischttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_detectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Televisionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIN_diodehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-n_junctionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reverse_biashttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodetectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photoconductorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charge-coupled_devicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photomultiplierhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Consumer_electronicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compact_dischttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_detectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smoke_detectorhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Remote_controlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television

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Diode Familys