n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 1Li m uNhngnmgny,chngtacth
nhnrarngtrnth giiangcs phttrinmnh m trong lnh vc khoa hc k thut cng
ngh ni chung v t nc ta niring.Chnhvvy,vic ngdngkhoahc kthut cngngh
votrongqutrnhsn xut lmt xu hng ttyukhng th b qua c trong thi i ngy
nay. cnhiu cng ty, nhiu nh cung cp cng ngh v ang pht trin tora nhiu
thit bhini tintin,phnmm,chngtrnh
iukhinnhmnngcaoqutrnhtnghahntronglnhvcsnxutsnphm - hnghap
ngcnhucuphttrin kinh t v x hi ca bt k mt quc gia no.V vic ng dng
nhng cng ngh tin tin, thit b - dy chuyn sn xut hin i to ra hng lot
nhiu sn phm, hng ha hin i p ng nhu cu s dng, tiu dngca x hi loi ngi
nhm nng cao gi tr i sng vt cht trong x hi loi ngi
thihini.Tuynhin,ngnghavivicnhiusnphmvhnghacsnrahnglot th nhu cu v
vic sp xp hng ha trong kho bi l mt vn cp thit ca bt
kmtcngtynotronglnhvcsnxuthngha hngtiudng.Chnhvl ,vinhngkinthccbn
trngv lptrnht ngtrnb iukhinlptrnhkhcPLC(Mitsubishi)vdatrnmhnhkhohng
phngthchnhX5.12(khoain TrngihcCngnghipTpH
ChMinh).Nhmchngemquytnhchn ti Lp trnh PLC Mitsubishi FX1N iu khin
sp xp hng trong kho theo vtrcit sn lm ticanhm.Vcngt tiny,mtphnnoth
hinc nhng kin thc m nhm chng em t c sau nhng nm hc ti
trng.Mcdvy,vis hnch nhtnhtrongkinthcvcngnhkinhnghimnncng khng th
trnh khi nhng sai xt trong qu trnh tm hiu v thc hin ti ny.Knh mong
thy c v cc bn thng cm cho nhm. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
2Li cm nLi u tin nhm chng em mun ni l li cm n ti trng i cng nghip
TpH Ch Minh l ngi nh cho chng em c hc tp v rn luyn bn thn. Trng
tomiiukinthunlichochngemhonthnh n1A. Nhm
chngemxincgilicmnchnthnhtikhoaKhoa in.Khoa cng toiukinchonhm chng
em hon thnh n 1A trong thi gian sm nht.Nhm chng em xin c cm n th
vin trng i hc Cng Nghip TP. HCM cung cp ti liu v to iu kin cho chng
em tho lun v trao i kin vi nhau hon thnh n ny.Trong thi gian thc
hin v hon thin n ny, nhm chng em nhn rt nhiu sng vin hng dn tn tnh
ca cc thy c trong Khoa in. V c bit l thy oDuyKhng
lgiovintrctiphngdnnhmchngemhonthnh nny.Nh s hng dn tn tnh ca thy m
nhm chng em c s chnh sa kp thi, hiurhnv timnh
anglmvgipchngemhonthin n1A nycnhmong mun v trong thi gian sm
nht.Cuicng,bcuivonghincu tmhiuv tinynhmkhng th trnhkhinhngthiust
xuynsutqutrnhphntchtmhiuv ngdng caPLC(MiSuBiShi ), rt mong thy c v
cc bn gp thm kin ti chng em tm hiuc hon thin tt hn.Nhm xin chn thnh
cm n Thy c!e.e n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 3NHN XTCA GIO VIN
HNG DN................................................ n hc phn 1A
GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 4NHN XTCA GIO VIN PHN
BIN................................................ n hc phn 1A
GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 5Mc LcLi m
u...........................................................................................................................
1Phn 1.Tng quan v b iu khin
PLC.......................................................................
71.1. Gii thiu chung v PLC.
...........................................................................................
71.1.1. u im ca vic s dng PLC so vi cc h thng iu khin
khc................. 71.1.2. ng dng ca
PLC...............................................................................................
81.2. Cu trc PLC.
.............................................................................................................
91.3. Cc hot ng x l bn trong PLC.
........................................................................
121.4. Ngn ng lp trnh PLC.
.......................................................................................
141.5. Gii thiu vi nt PLC FX1N ca hng Mitsubishi.
............................................. 171.5.1. Gii thiu s
lc.
..........................................................................................
171.5.2. c tnh k
thut.............................................................................................
181.5.3. Mt s loi PLC
FX1N...................................................................................
221.5.4. Kt ni vi thit b ngoi vi.
...........................................................................
231.5.5. Ngun cp cho PLC
FX1N.............................................................................
231.6. Cc thit b v lnh c bn dng trong lp trnh.
.................................................. 261.6.1. Cc thit
b......................................................................................................
261.6.2. Mt s lnh c bn.
........................................................................................
28Phn 2. Gii thiu s lc v m hnh kho hng
........................................................... 452.1.
B phn di chuyn hng.
.......................................................................................
452.1.1. ng c khng ng b xoay chiu 1 pha.
.................................................... 462.1.1.1. Khi
nim.................................................................................................
462.1.1.2. Cu to ng c khng ng b mt pha.
............................................... 46 n hc phn 1A
GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 62.1.1.3. Nguyn l hot ng c khng ng b 1 pha.
....................................... 472.2. B phn ly ct hng.
.........................................................................................
512.2.1.
Pitton...............................................................................................................
512.2.1.1. Nguyn tc hot ng:
.............................................................................
512.2.1.2. Nguyn l v cu to:
..............................................................................
522.2.2. Van o chiu 5/2.
..........................................................................................
532.2.3. My nn kh.
...................................................................................................
542.3. B phn cm bin.
.................................................................................................
542.3.1. Cc thng s c bn ca cm bin.
................................................................
552.3.2. Cc loi cm bin trong m
hnh....................................................................
572.3.2.1. Cm bin quang.
......................................................................................
572.3.2.2. Cm bin
t..............................................................................................
59Phn 3. S gii thut v chng trnh lp trnh cho PLC FX1N (60MR-ES/UL)
623.1. a ch ng vo - ng ra.
......................................................................................
623.2. Nguyn l hot ng.
............................................................................................
643.3. S gii
thut......................................................................................................
663.4. Chng trnh lp trnh.
..........................................................................................
72Phn 4. Kt
lun................................................................................................................
854.1. Kt qu thu c.
.....................................................................................................
854.2. ng dng n.
.......................................................................................................
854.3. Gii hn ca
n....................................................................................................
854.4. Hng pht
trin.......................................................................................................
85Ti liu tham kho
............................................................................................................
86 n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 7Phn 1. Tng quan v b iu khin
PLC1.1. Gii thiu chung v PLC.PLC l ch vit tt ca Programmable Logic
Controller, l thit b iu khin logic lptrnh
c,chophpthchinlinhhotccthutiukhins thngquamts ngnng lp trnh, thay
cho vic phi th hin cc thut ton bng mch s.PLC l b tchhp, c tnh nng
nhmtmytnh, ngha l c b vi x l (CPU), cmt h iu hnh, c b nh lu chng
trnh iu khin d liu v cc cng ra vo giao tip vi i tng iu khin, c th
kt ni mng gia cc PLC vi nhau cng nhgiao tip vi my tnh thc hin cc
chc nng iu khin. Ngoi ra PLC cn c chacckhichcnngcbitkhcnhb
m(counter),b nhthi(timer)...vnhiukhi hm chuyn dng khc.1.1.1. u im
ca vic s dng PLC so vi cc h thng iu khin khc.+ PLC vi h thng diu
khin bng relay:Cnnhc lachngiacch thngiukhinlptrnhthngcs dngthay cho
h thng bng relay do cc nguyn nhn sau:- Thay itrnh t iu khin mt cch
linh ng.- C tin cy cao.- Khongkhng lp t thit b nh, khng chim din
tch.- C kh nng a tn hiu iu khin ng ra cao.- S chn la d lu mt cch
thun li, d dng.- Thay i trnht iu khin mt cch thng xuyn.- D dng thay
i vi cu hnh (h thng my mc sn xut) trong tng lai khi cnhu cu m rng
snxut.c trng cho h thng iu khin chng trnh l ph hp vi nhng nhu cu
nutrn, ng thi v mt kinh t v thi gian th h thngiu khin lp trnh cng
vt trihnh thngiukhinc in(relay, contactor...).H thngiukhin
nycngphhp vi s m rng h thng trong tng lai do khong phii,b h thng dy
ni giah thng iu khin v cc thit b, m ch n gin l thay i chng trnh trn
my tnhv np vo b PLC. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 8+ PLC vi my
tnh c nhn (PC: Personal Computers):i vi mt my tnh c nhn (PC), ngi
lp trnh d nhn thy c s khc bit giaPLC v PC, s khc bit c th bit c nh
sau:KhngnhmtmytnhPLCcthitk dcbit hotngtrongmitrngcngnghip,mtPLCcth
clpdt nhngnic nhiuincao(Electricalnoise) vng c t trng mnh, c cc chn
ng c kh , nhit mi trng cao...iu quan trng th hai lmt PLCc thit k vi
phn cng v phnmmsaocho d lp t (i vi phn cng) ng thi v mt chng trnh
cng phi d dng chongi s dng (k s, k thut vin) thao tc lp trnh mt cch
nhanh chng, thun li.My tnh khng c cc cng giao tip trc tip vi cc
thit b iu khin, ng thi mytnh cng hot ng khng tttrong mi trng cng
nghip.Ngnng lptrnhtrnmytnhkhngphidnghnhthang,mytnhngoivicsdng cc
phn chuyn bit cho PLC, cn phi thng qua vic s dng cc phn mm khclm
chm i qu trnh giao tip vi cc thit b c iu khin.+ Li ch ca vic s dng
PLC:H thng iu khin ch cn lp t mt ln (i vi s h thng, cc ng ni dy,cc
tn hiu ng ra/vo...), m khng phi thay i kt cu ca h thng sau ny, gim
chiphphithayilptkhiith t iukhin(ivihtthngiukhinrelay..)kh nng chuyn
di h iu khin cao hn, h thng c iu khin linh hot hn.PLCcth d
dnglptdochimmtdintchkhnggian nh hnnhngiukhin nhanh, nhiu hn cc h
thng khc. iu ny cng t ra thun li hn i vi cch thng iu khin ln, phc
tp, v qu trnh lp t h thng PLC t tn thi gian hnc h thng khc.1.1.2.
ng dng ca PLC.Hin nay PLC tr thnh mt h thng khng th thiu trong ngnh
t ng ha v cclnhvctruynngin,cngnhmts ngnhdndngkhc. Nc
ngdngrngritrongcngnghipnh: iukhinh thngngiaothng; h thngnngvnchuyn;
dy chuyn ng gi; cc robot lp rp sn phm; iu khin bm; cng ngh sn n hc
phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 9xut giy; sn xut xi mng; cng ngh ch
bin thc phm; dy chuyn ch to linh kinbn dn; qun l t ng bi u
xe...1.2. Cu trc PLC.Tt c PLC u c thnh phn chnh l:+ Mt b nh chng
trnh RAM bn trong (c th m rng thm mt s b nh ngoiEPROM).+ Mt b vi x
l c cng giao tip dng cho vic ghp ni PLC.+ Cc Module vo/ra.Hnh 1.1.
H thng iu khin s dng PLC. n v x l trung tm (CPU).L b vi x l, lin kt
vi cc hot ng ca h thng PLC, thc hin chng trnh, xl tn hiu nhp xut v
thng tin lin lc cc thit b bn ngoi. B nh (Memory). n hc phn 1A GVHD:
o Duy KhngTrang 10 C nhiu b nh khc nhau. y l ni lu gi trng thi hot
ng ca h thngv b nh ca ngi s dng. m bo cho PLC hot ng, phi thc cn c
bnh lutr chngtrnh, ikhicnm rngb nh thchinccchcnng khc nh:-
Vngmtmthilutr trngthicaccknhxut/nhpcgilRamnhp xut.- Lutr
tmthicctrng thicaccchcnngbntrong:Time,Counter,Relay.B nh gm nhng
loi sau:*B nh ch c (Rom: Read only memory): Rom khng phi l b nh kh
bin, nc th lp trnh ch mt ln. Do khng thch hp cho vic iu khin mm ca
PLC.Rom t ph bin so vi cc loi b nh khc.*B nh ghi c Ram (Random
access memory): Ram l b nh thng c dng lu tr d liu v chng trnh ca
ngi s dng. D liu trong Ram s b mt i nungun in b mt. Tuy nhin, vn ny
c gii quyt bng cch gn thm vo Ramngunind
phng.Ngynay,trongkthutphttrincaPLC,ngitadngCMOSRAM nh tiu tn nng
lng kh thp ca n v cung cp pin d phng cho Ramny khi mt ngun in. Pind
phng c tui th t nht mt nm trc khi cn thay th,hoc ta chn pin sc gn
vi h thng, pin s c np khi cp ngun cho PLC.*B nh ch c chng trnh xa c
EPROM (Eresable programmable read onlymemory): EPROM lu tr d liu
ging nh ROM, tuy nhin ni dung ca n c th bxa i nu ta phng tia t ngoi
vo, ngi vit phi vit li chng trnh trong b nh.*B nh ch cchngtrnhx
cbngin EEPROM
(Electriceresableprogrammablereadonlymemory):EEPROMkthpkh
nngtruyxutlinhngcaRamvtnh kh bincaEPROM,nidungtrnEEPROMcth b
xavlptrnhbng in tuy nhin ch c mt s ln nht nh.Mitrngghid liuth
tlacnghocammcs dngtrongmylptrnh. a cng v a mm c dung lng ln nn c
dng lu cc chng trnh lntrong thi gian di. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy
KhngTrang 11Kch thc b nh+ Cc PLC loi nh c th cha t 300 - 1000 dng
lnh ty theo cng ngh ch to.+ Cc PLC loi ln c kch thc t 1K -16K c kh
nng cha t 2000 - 16000 dnglnh.Ngoi ra cn cho php gn thm b nh m rng
nh RAM, EPROM. H thng Bus:L tuyn dng truyn tn hiu, h thng gm nhiu
ng tn hiu song song:+ Address bus: bus a ch dng truyn a ch ti cc
module khc nhau.+ Data bus: bus dng truyn d liu.+ Control bus: bus
iu khin dng truyn cc tn hiu nh th v iu khin ng bcc hot ng trong
PLC.TrongPLCccs liuctraoigiaccb vix lvccmodulevorathngqua data bus.
Address bus v data bus gm 8 ng, cng thi im cho php truyn 8bit ca mt
byte mt cch ng thi hay song song.Nu mt module u vo nhn c a ch ca n
trn Address bus, n s chuyn tt ccc trng thi u voca n vodata bus.Numt
a ch byteca 8 u ra xut hintrn Address bus. Module u ra tng ng s nhn
c d liu t data bus. Control buss chuyn cc tn hiu iu khin vo theo di
chu trnh hot ng ca PLC. Cc a chv s liu c truyn ln cc bus tng ng
trong mt thi gian hn ch.H thng Bus s lm nhim v trao i thng tin gia
CPU, b nh v I/O. Bn cnh CPU c cung cp mt xung clock c tn s t 1,8
Mhz. Xung ny quyt nh tc hot ng ca PLC v cung cp cc yu t v nh thi,
ng h ca h thng. Cc ng vo ra I/O .Cc ng tn hiu t b cm bin c ni vo cc
modul (cc u vo ca PLC) ccc cu chp hnh c ni vi modul ra (cc u ra ca
PLC). Hu ht cc PLC c inp hot ng bn trong l 5V, tn hiu x l l
12/24VDC hoc 100/240VAC.Minv I/Ocduynhtmtach,cchinth
trngthicaccknhI/Occung cp bi cc n LED trn PLC, iu ny lm cho vic kim
tra hot ng nhp xuttr nn d dng v n gin. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy
KhngTrang 12B x l c v xc nh cc trng thi u vo (ON,OFF) thc hin vic
ng ngtmch u ra.1.3. Cc hot ng x l bn trong PLC.+ X l chng
trnh.Khichngtrnh cnpvob nh caPLC,cclnhs clutrongmtvng a ch ring l
trong b nh.PLC c b m a ch bn trong vi x l, v vy chng trnh bn trong
b nh sc b vi x l thc hin tun t tng lnh mt, t u cho n cui chng trnh.
Milnthchinchngtrnht uncuicgilmtchuk thchin.Thigianthc hin mt chu k
ty thuc vo tc x l ca PLC v ln ca chng trnh. Mtchu k thc hin bao gm
ba giai on ni tip nhau:+ u tin, b x l c trng thi ca tt c u vo. Phn
chng trnh phc v cngvic ny c sn trong PLC v c gi l h iu hnh.+ Tip
theo, b x l s c v x l tun t tng lnh mt trongchng trnh. Trongkhi c v
x l cc lnh, b vi x l s c tn hiu cc u vo, thc hin cc php tonLogic v
kt qu sau s xc nh trng thi ca cc u ra.+ X l nhng yu cu truyn thng:
trong sut thi gian CPU x l thng tin trong chutrnh qut, PLC x l tt c
thng tin nhn c t cng truyn thng hay cc module mrng.+ Cui cng b vi x
l s gn cc trng thi mi cho cc u ra ti cc modul u ra.+ X l xut nhpGm
hai phng php khc nhau trong vic x l I/O trong PLC :+ Cp nht lin tc:
iu ny i hi CPU qut cc lnh ng vo (m chng xut
hintrongchngtrnh),khonthigianDelaycxydngbntrong chcchnrngch c cc tn
hiu hp l mi c c vo trong b vi x l. Cc lnh ng ra c lytrc tip ti cc
thit b. Theo hot ng logic ca chng trnh, khi lnh OUT c thchin th cc
ng ra ci li vo n v I/O, v th chng vn gi c trng thi cho ti khiln cp
nht k tip. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 13+ Chp nh qu trnh xut
nhp: Hu ht cc PLC loi ln c th c vi trm I/O, v thCPU ch c th x l mt
lnh mt thi im. Trong sut qu trnh thc thi, trng thing nhp phi c xt n
ring l nhm d tm cc tc ng ca n trong chng trnh.Do chng ta yu cu
relay 3ms cho mi ng vo, nn tng thi gian cho h thng ly mulin tc tr
nn rt di v tng theo s ng vo. lm tng tc thc thi chng trnh, cc ng I/O
c cp nht ti mt vng cbit trong chng trnh. y, vng RAM c bit ny c dng
nh mt b m lutrngthicclogiciukhinvccnv I/O.Mingvo ucmtach I/ORAM ny.
Sut qu trnh copy tt c cc trng thi vo trong I/O RAM. Qu trnh ny xyra
mt chu k chng trnh (t Start n End).Khi chng trnh c thc hin, trng
thi ca cc ng ra vo c lu trong b nhRam c c ra. Cc tc v cthc hin theo
cc trng thi trn kt qu trng thi caccngra cluvoRamngra.Sau vocuichuk
qut,qutrnhcpnhttrng thi vo/ra chuyn tt c cc tn hiu ng ra t Ram vo
khi ng ra tng ng, kchcc ng ra trn khi vo/ra. Khing ra c cht nn chng
vn duy tr trng thi chon khi chng c cp nht chu k qut kt tip.Tc v cp
nht trng thi vo/ra trn c t ng thc hin bi CPU bng mt onchng trnh con
c lp trnh sn bi nh sn xut. Nh vy, chng trnh con s cthc hin t ng vo
cui chu k qut hin hnh v u chu k k tip. Do , trng thica cc ng vo/ra
c cp nht.Lu rng,dochngtrnhconcpnhttrngthicthchintimtthiimxc nh ca
chu k qut, trng thi ca cc ng vo v ng ra khng thay i trong chu kqut
hin hnh. Nu mt ng vo c trng thi thay i sau thc thi chng trnh con
hthng, trng thi s khng c nhn bit cho n qu trnh cp nht k tip xy
ra.Thi gian cp nht tt c cc ng vo/ra ph thuc vo tng s I/O c copy tiu
biulvims.Thigianthcthichngtrnhph thucchiudichngtrnh iukhintng ng mi
lnh mt khon 1-10s. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 141.4. Ngn ng
lp trnh PLC.C 5 loi ngn ng dng lp trnh cho PLC: Ngn ng lp trnh ST
(Structure text) hoc STL (Statement list).L ngn ng lp trnh cp cao
gn ging nh Pascal, thc hti cc cng vic sau:+ Gn gi tr cho cc bin.+
Gi hm vo FunctionBlock.+ To v tnh ton cc biu thc.+ Thc hin cc biu
thc iu kin.V d: IF(I:000/00 = 1) THENO:001/00 : -1;ELSEO:000/01 =
0;End_IF; Ngn ng lp trnh IL (Instruction List).L ngn ng lp trnh cp
thp, gn ging nh ngn ng my Assembler, thng cdng lp trnh cho vi x l.
Cu trc ca chng trnh bao gm mt lot cc cu lnh,mi cu lnh nm trn mt dng
v c kt thc bng k t xung dng. Mi cu lnhbaogmmttont
vnhiutonhng.Tonhnglitngcatont vlccbin s hoc cc hng s.Ngn ng IL ph
hp cho cc ng dng nh, gii quyt cc vn c th t trc sau.Nu c lp trnh tt,
chng trnh vit bng IL c tc tnh ton nhanh nht. Ngn ng lp trnh FBD
(Function Block Diagrams).L ngn ng l trnh kiu ha, bng cch m t cc qu
trnh di dng dng chy tnhiu gia cc i khi hm vi nhau. N ging nh vic i
day trong cc mch in t.V d: k hiu cc cng Logic. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o
Duy KhngTrang 15Mt chng trnh hot ng: Ngn ng lp trnh SFC (Sequence
Function Charts).L ngn ng lp trnh theo kiu tun t, chng trnh SFC bao
gm mt chui cc bcc th hin di dng cc hnh ch nht v c ni vi
nhau.Mibcidinchomttrngthic th cnciukhincah thng.Mibc c th thc hin
mt hoc nhiu cng vic ng thi.Mi mt mi ni c mt hnh ch nht gia, i din
cho iu khin chuyn i giacctrngthitrongh
thoongd.KhiiukinchuynitcTruethchophpchuyn sang trng thi tip theo.V
d: n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 16 Ngn ng lp trnh LD (Ladder
Diagram).Cn gi l ngn ng bc thang l mt kiu ngn ng lp trnh ha. Lp
trnh theo LDgn ging nh khi cc k s in thit k v i dy cc bng mch in iu
khin logic:R le, contactor, khi ng t...V d: mt on chng trnh dng LD:
n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 171.5. Gii thiu vi nt PLC FX1N ca
hng Mitsubishi.1.5.1. Gii thiu s lc.PLCMitsubishiMELSECFX1N
thucdngPLCnhgn(CompactPLC)caMitsubishi Electric.PLC FX1N kt hp nhng
li ch ca b PLC nh gn tit kim kinh ph vi kh
nngmrnglinhhotcahthngiukhinkiu
module.FX1Ncthmrngnnn128uvoraviymoduleFX1Nchcnng.Ncngctnhnngcamtbiu
khin nh v tch hpmnhm.Khnng kt nivid liu v thng tin lin
lclmchoFX1Ntrnnltngvinhngngdngktniviphncngiukhin.m bo v tnh nng
chuyn thng, chc nng c bit, tc x l.Kh nngtruynthngvtraoid
liucaPLCFX1Nltngchonhng ngdngm phn cng b iu khin, tnh nngtruyn
thng, chc nng c bit v tc x l l then cht.Nhng im ni bt ca h PLC
Mitsubishi FX1N:- Di cng vo ra t 14 n n 128 vo ra.- Tc x l
cao(0.55s mi bn ghi).- Dung lng lu tr chng trnh phong ph vi
8000steps, phm vi kt nithit b rng.- Trung tm iu khin tch hp.-
ychcnngcbitv module mrngchonhngnhucuringbit.- B iu khin tch hp PID
(Integrated PID controller).- H tr cho kt ni mng open networks.-
Tch hp ng h thi gian thc.- Lp trnh thn thin vi ngi dng.- X l tn hiu
analog vi b bin i xung m rng. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
181.5.2. c tnh k thut.MC C IM GHI CHX l chng trnh Thc hin qut chng
trnh tun honPhngphpxlvo/ra(I/O)Cp nht u v cui chu kqut (khi lnh END
thi hnh)Clnhlmting raThi gian x l lnhi vi cc lnh c bn: 0,55 0,7si
vi cc lnh ng dng: 3,7 khong 100 sNgn ng lp
trnhNgnngLaddervInstructionCthtochngtrnh loi SFCDung lng chng trnh
8000 bc EEPROMCthchntybnh(nhFX1N-EEPROM-8L)S lnhS lnh c bn: 27S lnh
Ladder: 2S lnh ng dng: 89Ctia177lnhngdngcthihnhCu hnh
Vo/Ra(I/O)Phncngctia128ng Vo/Ra,tythucvongi s dng chn(Phn mm c ti a
128 u vo, 128 u ra)Rlephtr (M)Thng thng S lng: 384 T M0 M383Cht S
lng: 1152T M384 M1535c bit S lng: 256TM8000 M8255Rletrngthi(S)Cht S
lng: 1000 T S0 S999Khi to S lng: 10 (tp con) T S0 S9 n hc phn 1A
GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 19BnhthTimer(T)100 mili giyKhongnhth:0
3276,7giyS lng: 200T T0 T19910 mili giyKhongnhth:0 327,67giyS lng:
46T T200 T2451miligiyduy trKhongnhth:0 32,767giyS lng: 4T246
T249100miligiyduy trKhongnhth:0 3276,7giyS lng: 6T250
T255Bm(C)Thngthng16 bitKhong m: 1 n 32767S lng: 16T C0 C15Loi: b m
ln 16bitCht 16 bit S lng: 184T C16 C199Loi: b m ln 16bitThngthng32
bitKhongm: -2.147.483.648n 2.147.483.647S lng: 20T C200
C219Loi:bmln/xung 32 bitCht 32 bitKhongm: -2.147.483.648n
2.147.483.647S lng: 15T C220 C234Loi:bmln/xung 32 bitBm 1 pha
Khongm: -2.147.483.648 TC235 C240 n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
20tccao(HSC)1phahotngbngngvon
2.147.483.6471pha:Tia60kHzchophncngcaHSC(C235,C236,
C246)Tia10kHzchophnmmcaHSC(C237 C245, C247 C250)2pha:Tia30kHzchophn
cng ca HSC (C251)Tia5kHzchophnmmcaHSC(C252 C255)TC241 C2452 pha
TC246 C250Pha A/B TC251 C255Thanhghi d liu(D)Thng thngS lng: 128T
D0 D127Loi:cpthanhghilutr d liu16bitdngchothitb 32bitCht S lng:
7872T D128 D7999Loi:cpthanhghilutr d liu16bitdngchothitb 32bitTp
tin S lng: 7000T D1000 D7999Loi:thanhghilutr d liu 16 bit n hc phn
1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 21ciuchnh bn ngoiTrong khong: 0 255S lng:
2Dliuchuyntbintriuchnhin p tngoi vothanhghiD8030vD8031c
bitSlng:256(kcD8030,D8031)T D8000 D8255Loi:thanhghilutr d liu 16
bitCh mc S lng: 16TV0 V7vZ0 Z7Loi:thanhghidliu 16 bitCon
tr(P)DngvilnhCALLS lng: 128 T P0 P127DngviccngtS lng: 6100
n150(kchcnhln =1,kchcnhxung=0)Smclngnhau(N)DngvilnhMC/MCRS lng: 8 T
N0 N7Hng sThp phn(K)16 bit: -32768 n 3276732 bit: -2.147.483.648 n
2.147.483.647Thp lc phn(H)16 bit: 0000 n FFFF32 it: 00000000 n
FFFFFFFF n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 221.5.3. Mt s loi PLC
FX1N.Ngun AC, u vo 24 VDCFX1NTngcc ngVo/RaNg vo Ng ra Kch thc(Di
Rng Cao) (mm)SlngLoiSlngLoiFX1N-14MR-ES/UL14 8 Sink/Source 6R
le907590 FX1N-14MT-ESS/ULTransistor(Source)FX1N-24MR-ES/UL24 14
Sink/Source 10R le907590
FX1N-24MT-ESS/ULTransistor(Source)FX1N-40MR-ES/UL40 24 Sink/Source
16R le1307590 FX1N-40MT-ESS/ULTransistor(Source)FX1N-60MR-ES/UL60
36 Sink/Source 24R le1757590
FX1N-60MT-ESS/ULTransistor(Source)FX1N-14MR-DS14 8 Sink/Source 6R
le907590 FX1N-14MT-DSSTransistor(Source)FX1N-24MR-DS24 14
Sink/Source 10R le907590 FX1N-24MT-DSSTransistor(Source) n hc phn
1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 23FX1N-40MR-DS40 24 Sink/Source 16R
le1307590 FX1N-40MT-DSSTransistor(Source)FX1N-60MR-DS60
36Sink/Source24R le1757590 FX1N-60MT-DSSTransistor(Source)1.5.4. Kt
ni vi thit b ngoi vi.Khi vo ra l mch giao tip gia mch vi in t ca
PLC vi cc mch cng sut bnngoi kch hot cc c cu tc ng: thc hin s chuyn
i cc mc tn hiu v cch
ly.Tuynhinkhivo/rachophpPLCktnitrctipviccutcngccngsutnh 2A tr xung,
khng cn cc mch trung gian hay relay trung gian.Tt c cc ng vo/ra u c
cch ly vi cc tn hiu iu khin bn ngoi bng
mchcchlyquang(opto-isolator)trnkhivora.Mchcchlyquandungmtdiodephtquang
v mt transistor quang gi l b opto-coupler. Mch ny cho php cc tn hiu
nhi qua v ghim cc tn hiu in p cao xung mc tn hiu chun. Mch ny c tc
dngchng nhiu khi chuyn contact v bo v qu p t ngun cung cp in thng
ln n1500V.1.5.5. Ngun cp cho PLC FX1N.u dy ng vo: Ngun xoay chiu:
in p t 100 240V AC (+ 10%, - 15%), tn s 50
60HZ.Dngkhing15Atrong5msiviinp100V,25Atrong5msiviinp200V. n hc phn
1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 241. Ngun cp AC.2. Nt nhn (contact).3. MPU
(main processing unit).Hnh 1.2. S u ngun AC cho PLC. Ngunmtchiu:
inp12VDC - 15%,24VDC+20%.Dngkhingcci 22A trong 0.3ms i vi 12V, 25A
trong 1 ms i vi 24V.1. Ngun cp DC (24V).2. Nt nhn (contact).3. MPU
(main processing unit).Hnh 1.3. S u ngun DC cho PLC. n hc phn 1A
GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 25u sink:1. Cm bin PNP (NPN).2. Nt nhn
(contact).3. MPU (main processing unit).Hnh 1.4. S u ngun DC cho
PLC.u dy ng ra Ng ra R le:Hnh 1.5. Ng ra relay. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o
Duy KhngTrang 26 Ng ra transistor:Hnh 1.6. Ng ra transitor.1.6. Cc
thit b v lnh c bn dng trong lp trnh.1.6.1. Cc thit b. Ngvora:
ngvovngralccbnhmtbit,nhngccbtc nhhng trc tip n trng thi ca cc ng vo
v ng ra vt l. Ng vo nhn tn hiu trctip t cm bin v ng ra l cc relay,
transitor hay cc triac vt l.K hiu: Ng vo: XNg ra: YV d: PLC
Mistubishi FX 1N c:24 ng vo: X000X007,X0010X017, X020X027.16 ng ra:
Y000Y007, Y010Y017. Relayphtr:
relaylbnhmtbitvctcdngnhrelayphtrvtltrong mch iu khin dung relay
truyn thng, nn c gi l relay logic.K hiu: relay c k hiu l M v c dnh
s thp phn. V d: M0, M500 n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
27Phnloi:relaycht(latchedrelay),relayphtrnhtrngthi,relaychuyndung(special
relay). Relay trng thi (state relays): c k hiu S v c nh s thp phn.
V d:S0, S1,Theo thut ng my tnh, relay cn c gi l c.Phn loi: relay
trng thi n nh, relay trng thi c cht, relay trng thi bc STL. Thanh
ghi: l b nh 16 bit (word) v c dung lu s liu, thanh ghi c khiu l D v
c nh s thp phn. V d: D0, D1, D3Khi ghp hai thanh ghi 16 bit li ta s
c c thanh ghi 32 bit.Phn loi: Thanh ghi d liu (data register),
thanh ghi cht (latched register), thanh ghichuyn dng (special
register), thanh ghi tp tin (hay cn gi l thanh ghi b nh
chuyndng),thanhghiiuchnhbincbintrbnngoi,thanhghi
chmc(indexregister). Bnhth(timer): cdngnhthccskin.BnhthtrongPLCc gi
l b nh th logic, v n l b trong PLC c t chc c tc dng nh l bnh th vt
l. S lc b nh th c th suer dng ty thuc loi PLC. B nh th c phn gii
cao s nh th c khong thi gian ln, nhng b nh th s khng nhth c khong
thi gian chnh xc.K hiu: T v c nh s thp phn. V d: T0, T1, T2Phn loi:
b nh th phn loi theo phn gii: b nh th phn gii 100mili giy,b nh th
phn gii 10mili giy, b nh th phn gii 1 mili
giy.Thngthngbnhthstlitrngthibanukhiiukinkchhotkhngtha. Mt s b nh th
c kh nng t duy tr (cht). iu ny c ngha la ngay c khi
tnhiukhngkchhotkhngcnthamnthgitrhinhnh(khongthigianangc nh th) c lu
li trong b nh EEPROM. Nhng b dnh th ny cn c tli (reset) bng lnh
RST. B m (counter): c dng m cc s kin. B m trn PLC c gi lb m logic,
v n m b nh trong PLC c t chc c tc dng nh b m vt l. Slng b m c th s
dng ty thuc vo loi PLC. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 28K hiu:
C v c nh s thp phn. V d: C0, C1, C288Phn loi: b m ln, b m xung, b m
ln xung, b m pha, b m tc cao.1.6.2. Mt s lnh c bn. Lnh Load, Load
Inverse:Lnhgi nhChc nng Dng mu Thit b S bcchng trnhLD(LoaD)Tcv
logickhito loicng tc NOX,Y,M,S,T,C1LDI(LoaDInverse)Tcv logickhito
loicng tc NCX,Y,M,S,T,C1Ch : Lnh LD v LDI ni trc tip u bn tri. Lnh
LD v LDI cng c dng xc nh mt khi chng trnh khi dng lnhORB v ANB.V d:
n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 29 Lnh Out:Lnhgi nhChc nng Dng mu
ThitbS bcchngtrnhOUT(OUT)Tcv logiccui loiiukhin cun dyY,M,S, T, CY,
M: 1S,cunMchuyndng: 2T:3C(16bit):3C(32 bit): 5Ch :- Lnh OUT ni trc
tip vi u bn phi.- Lnh OUT khng th dng iu khin thit b ng vo loi X.-
Nhiu lnh OUT c th c ni song song. Lnh And, And Inverse:Lnhgi nhChc
nng Dng mu Thit bS bcchng trnhAND(AND)Nitipcc cngtcNO
(thngm)X,Y,N,S,T,C1ANI(ANDInverse)Nitipcc
cngtcNC(thngng)X,Y,N,S,T,C1 n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 30V
d: Lnh Or, Or Inverse:Lnhgi nhChc nng Dng mu Thit bS
bcchngtrnhOR(OR)Nisongsongcc cng tc NO(thng
m)X,Y,N,S,T,C1ORI(ORInverse)NisongsongcccngtcNC(thng
ng)X,Y,N,S,T,C1 n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 31V d: Lnh Set v
Reset:Lnhgi nhChc nng Dng mu Thit bS bcchng
trnhSET(SET)tmtthitb(bit)ln ON (vnhvin)Y, M, S Y, M:
1S,cunMchuyndng:2RST(Reset)tlimtthitb (bit)xungOFF(vnh vin)Y,M,S,D,
V, ZD,thanhghiDchuyndng,VvZ:3Ch :- Mt khi X0 bt ON, Y0 hot ng v duy
tr ON ngay c sau khi X! tt OFF. Khi X1bt ON, Y0 tt OFF v duy tr OFF
ngay c sau khi X1 t n chuyn thnh OFF. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy
KhngTrang 32- SET v RESET c th dng cho cng mt thit b bao nhiu ln ty
. Tuy nhin trngthi ca lnh cui cng c kch hot mi l trng thi c nh
hng.V d: B nh th v b m (OUT v RESET):Lnhgi nhChc nng Dng mu Thit b
S bcchng trnhOUT(OUT)iukhincundybnhthhocbm.T, C B m32 bit: 5Khc:
3RST(ReSet)tlib nhthvb m,cundy,cngtc v cc gi trY,M,S,D, V, ZT, C: 2
n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 33V d: Lnh CALL (FNC
01):LnhChcnngDng mu S bcCALL FNC01 (CallSubroutine)Gichngtrnhconhot
ngCon tr chng trnh con cgi tr t 0 -62S mclng:5k c lnhCALL khi
toCALL,CALLP:3 bcContr chngtrnh conM t: Khi lnh CALL c tcng n s cho
chychngtrnh con t ch con trchngtrnhcon
cgi(onchngtrnhSubroutineP10).LnhCALLphidngvi lnh FEND (FNC 06) v
SRET (FNC 02). Chng trnh s nhy n con tr chng n hc phn 1A GVHD: o
Duy KhngTrang 34trnh con (sau lnhFEND) v x l cc lnh trong chng trnh
con cho n khi gplnh SRET v tr v dng chng trnh ngay sau lnh CALL.Cc
im ch :- Nhiu lnh CALL c th dng chung mt chng trnh con.- Mi con tr
chng trnh con phi c mt con s. Con tr chng trn hcon c tht P0 n P63.
Con tr chng trnh con v chng trnh ch dng chung lnh CJ (FNC00) khng
cho php trng nhau.- Chngtrnhco nsaulnhFENDcx
lnhbnhthng.Khichngtrnhcon c gi ch khng vt qu thi gian ci t trong b
nh th watchdog.- Ccchngtrnhconcth lngnhau5mcgmc mccalnhCALLkhito.V
d: Lnh SRET (FNC 02):Lnh Chc nng Ton hng S bcSRET FNC
02(SubroutineReturn)Tr v tchngtrnhconKhng cT ngtr v
bcngaysaulnhCALL kch hot chng trnh conSRET1bc n hc phn 1A GVHD: o
Duy KhngTrang 35M t: SRET bo hiu kt thc chng trnh con hin hnh v tr
v bc ngay sau lnhCALL kch hot chng trnh con .Cc in lu :- SRET ch c
th s dng vi lnh CALL.- SRET lun i sau lnh FEND. Lnh FEND (FNC 06)
:Lnh Chc nngTon hngS bcDFEND FNC 06(SubroutineReturn)Dng chcui khi
chngtrnh chnhKhng cLu : C th dng vi lnh CJ(FNC00),CALL(FNC01)vchng
trnh ngtFEND1bcM t: Lnh FEND ch nh im kt thcca chng trnh chnh v im
bt u caon chng trnh con. Khi hot ng bnh thng lnh FEND hot dng ging
nh lnhEND, ngha l x l ng ra, ng vo v lm ti b nh th watchdog c thc
hin khithi hnh n lnh ny.Cc im lu :-
LnhFENDthngdngvicutrcCJ-P-FEND,CALL-P-SRETvI-IRET(trong P l con tr
chng trnh, I l con tr ngt).- C chng trnh ngt v chng trnh u lun c lp
trnh sau lnh FEND, tcl cc chng trnh ny khng bao gi xut hin trong
chng trnh chnh.- Nhiu lnh FEND c s dng tch bit cc chng trnh con.-
Cu trc iu khin lu trnh khng c tch ra bng lnh FEND.- Lnh FEND khng
th dng sau lnh END. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 36 Lnh CMP
(FNC 10):Lnh Chc nngTon hngS bcS1 S2 DCMPFNC10( Compare)Sosnh2gitr
dliuchoktqu K, HKnX,KnY,KnM,KnS, T, C, D, V, ZY, M, SLu :Dng3thitb
lintip nhauCMP,CMPP:7bcDCMP,DCMPP: 13 bcV d:M t: S1 c so snh vi d
liu S2. Kt qu so snh c th hin bng 3 bit c ach u cha trong D cho
bit:S2 nh () S1 bit D+2 l ON. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 37
Lnh ZCP (FNC 11):Lnh Chc nngTon hngS bcS1 S2 S3 DZCPFNC
11(ZoneCompare)Sosnh1dyd liuvi 1 gi tr dliuchoktqu K,
HKnX,KnY,KnM,KnS, T, C, D, V, ZLu :S1nnnhhn S2Y, M, SLu :Dng 3
thitb lintipnhauCMP,CMPP:7bcDCMP,DCMPP:13bc`V d:M t: Hot ng ging nh
lnh CMP ch khc l mt gi tr d liu n (S3) c sosnh vi mt dy d liu
(S1-S2).S3 nh hn () S1 nhng nh hn () c S1 v S2 bit D+2 l ON. n hc
phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 38 Xung cnh ln v xung cnh
xung:LnhginhChc nng Dng mu Thit bS
bcchngtrnhPLS(PuLSe)KchxungkhiccnhlnY, M(khngchophp dng
cunMchuyndng)2PLF(PuLseFalling)KchxungkhiccnhxungY, M(khngchophp
dng cunMchuyndng)2Ch :- Khi lnh PLS c thi hnh, cc thit b Y v M hot
ng trong khong thi gianmt chu k sau khi tn hiu ng vo bt ON.- Khi
lnh PLF c thi hnh, cc thit b Y v M hot ng trong khong thi gianmt
chu k sau khi tn hiu ng vo bt OFF.- Khi trng thi ca PC thay i t RUN
sang STOP v tr li RUN vi tn hiu ngvo vn l ON, th PLS M0 hot ng tr
li. Tuy nhin nu dng cun dy M c ngunpin nui (c cht) thay cho M0 th n
s khng hot ng li. i vi thit b c cht hotngli,thngvo
iukhinphittOFFtrongqutrnhchuyntrngthiRUN/STOP/RUN trc khi n c kch
mt ln na. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 39 Lnh END:Lnhgi
nhChcnngDng muThitbS bcchng trnhEND(END)BucchngtrnhktthcKhngc1Ch :-
KhitlnhENDtrongchngtrnhctcdngbucktthcqutrnhqutchng trnh hin hnh v
tin hnh cp nht cc ng vo v ng ra.-
ChnlnhENDvogiachngtrnhgiptmlichochngtrnhvphnsaulnh END b vhiu v cch
lykhi vng kim li. Nh xa cc lnh END khi nhngkhi kim tra ri.- Khi lnh
END c thi hnh th b nh th watchdog t ng c lm ti. Lnh MOV (FNC 12)Lnh
Chc nngTon hngS bcS1 S2 DMOVFNC12(Move)Dichuynd liutvngnh
nynvngnhkhcK, HKnX,KnY,KnM,KnS,T,C,D, V, ZKnX,KnY,KnM,KnS,T,C, D,
V, ZMOV, MOVP 5bcDMOV,DMOVP 9 bc n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
40V d:Mt :Nidungthitb ngun(S)csaochpvothitb ch(D)khithaiukin ng vo.
Nu khng tc ng lnh MOV, th khng c g xy ra.Lu : lnh ny c mt th thut
lp trnh c bit cho php n bt chc hot ng cacc lnh ng dng khc th dng cc
cng c lp trnh c hn. Lnh ADD (FNC 20):LnhChcnngTon hngS bcS1 S2
DADDFNC 20(Adition)Cng2d liungun,ktqu lu thitbchK,H,KnX,KnY, KnM,
KnS,T, C, D, V, ZK,H,KnX,KnY,KnM, KnS, T, C, D,V, ZADD, ADDP7
bcDADD,DADDP13bcKhidngM8023 cngd liudnhchmng,thch ccthanhghid
liu32bit(D)hochngs (K/H)mi dng cV d:M t 1 : (p dng cho tt c cc b iu
khin) d liu cha trong thit b ngun(S1,S2) c cng li v tng ca n lu
thit b ch (D) n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 41Cc im lu :- Php
cng trn l php cng i s, ngha l 5 + (-7) = -2- C th dng cng thit b
cho ngun (S1 hay S2) v ch (D). Trong trng hp th ADD thc s hot ng
lin tc. C nga l mi ln qut s cho kt qu ca ln quttrcvothitb ngunth
hai. khngxyravicnycnhiuchnh hotngvi xung hay dng kha ln.- Nu kt qu
php cng l 0 th c chuyn dng M8020 c t ON.- Nt kt qu cng vt 32.767
(16 bit) hay 2.147.483.647 (32 bit), th c nh (carryflag) M8022 c t
ON. Nu kt qu x l nh hn -32.768 hay -2.147.483.648 th cmn (borrow
flag) M8021 c t ON. Khi kt qu vt qua cc gi tr gii hn th ctng
ngctON(M8021hayM8022)vgitr giihntng ngs cluvo thit b ch ngha l
-32.768 c lu trong thit b ch khi kt qu nh hn -32.768v 32.767 c lu
vo ch khi kt qu ln hn 32.767.- Nu thit b ch nh hn kt qu tnh c th ch
c phn kt qu va vi thit bch c ghi, ngha l nu kt qu l 25 (thp phn) c
lu vo K1Y4 th ch c Y4 vY7 l c gi tr . Khi xt theo h nh phn th s hng
ny tng ng vi 9 thp phn bct bt so vi kt qu thc l 25.V d:Mt 2:
(pdngchoFX viCPUphinbn3,07tr lnvFX2C)Khic
M8023(floatingpontmodeflage)lONcclnhDADDhayDAAPcth cdng thchin php
cng cho d liu du chm ng (s thc). Khi M8023 l OFF th tnh ton chod
liu s thc khng cn hiu lc. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 42Hng s
thp phn, thp lc phn v du chm ng (lu trong i thanh ghi d liu D)c th
l bt c dng d liu no. Hng s thp phn hay thp lc phn. Hng s thp phnhay
thp lc phn c t ng chuyn i thnh dng du chm ng trong tc v cng.Kt qu
ca tc v ny ch c th c lu trong i thanh ghi d liu (32 bit). Lnh SUB
(FNC 21):Lnh Chc nngTon hngS bcS1 S2 DSUBFNC 21(Subtract)Tr
2dliungun,ktqu lu thit b ch.K,H,KnX,KnY,KnM,KnS,T, C, D, V,
ZK,H,KnX,KnY,KnM,KnS,T, C, D, V, ZSUB,SUBP 7bcDSUB,DSUBP
13bc.KhidngM8023 cngd liudnhchmng,thch ccthanhghid
liu32bit(D)hochngs(K/H) mi dng c.V d:M t 1: (p dngcho tt c b iu
khin) D liu ngun S2 c tr i ca ngunS1. Kt qu lu trong thei16t b ch
D. Ch : cc im lu cho lnh ADD cng c thp dng cho lnh SUB.M t 2: (p
dng cho cc b iu khin FX vi CPU phin bn 3,07 tr ln v (FX2C). n hc
phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 43 Lnh MUL (FNC 22:LnhChcnngTon hngS
bcS1 S2 DMULFNC22(Multiplication)Nhn2d liungun,ktqu lu
thitbch.K,H,KnX,KnY,KnM,KnS, T, C, D, V,ZK,H,KnX,KnY,KnM,KnS,T, C,
D, V, ZMUL, MULP 7bcDMUL,DMULP13bcKhidngM8023 cngd liudnhchmng,thch
ccthanhghid liu32bit(D)hochngs(K/H) mi dng c.M t 1 : (p dng cho tt
c b iu khin).Ni dung ca hai thit b ngun (S1, S2) c nhn vi nhau v kt
qu lu vo thit bch (D)Mt s im lu :Khi lnh MUL hot ng 16 bit, hai d
liu ngun 16 bit c nhn vi nhau, kt qu l32 bit. Thit b ch D trong lnh
ny l a ch u ca thit b lu kt qu 32 bit.Khi lnh MUL hot ng 32bit ,
hai d liu ngun 32 bit nhn vi nhau. Chng cho ktqu l 64 bit. Thit b
ch D trong lnh ny l a ch u ca thit b lu kt qu 64 bit.Nu thit b ch
nh hn kt qu tnh c th ch c phn kt qu va vi thit b chc ghi, ngha l nu
kt qu l 71 (thp phn) c lu vo K1Y4 th ch c Y7 l cgi tr. Khixt theo h
nh phn th s hngnytng ng vi8 thp lc phn b ctbt so vi kt qu thc l
72.V d: n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 44M t 2: (p dng cho cc b
iu khin FX vi CPU phin bn 3,07 tr ln v FX2c).Khi c M8023 (floating
point mode flag) l ON, lnh DMUL v DMULP c dng thc hin php nhn cho d
liu du chm ng (s thc).Hng s thp phn, thp lc phn v du chm ng (lu
trong i thanh ghi d liu D)cth lbtc dngd liuno.Hngs
thpphnhaythplcphnct ngchuynithnhdngduchmngtrongtcv nhn.Ktqu catcv
clutrong mt cp thanh ghi d liu (32 bit), khng phi 2 cp (64 bit) nh
trong hot ng 1. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang 45Phn 2. Gii thiu
s lc v m hnh kho hngM hnh gm c nhng phn chnh:- Mt kho hng gm c 15
cha hng (3 ct v 5 tng).12345 109Kt cu kho hng7811121314156- C cu
chp hnh: b phn ly hng v di chuyn hng.- Cc loi cm bin: cm bin quang,
t v cng tc hnh trnh.- PLC mitsubishi FX 1N iu khin m hnh.Trongphnny
s nghincuch yuv cculyhng,dichuynhngavokho v cc loi cm bin s dng
trong m hnh.2.1. B phn di chuyn hng.B phn ny gm nhng phn chnh sau:
2 ng c khng ng b xoay chiu mt phac th o chiu quay, h thng c kh lin
kt vi ng c thc hin di chuyn qua triqua phi v di chuyn ln xung, mt
pitton ly hng v ct hng vo kho. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
462.1.1. ng c khng ng b xoay chiu mt pha.2.1.1.1. Khi nim.ng c khng
ng b mt pha thng c dng trong cc thit b in sinh hot vcngnghip,
cngsutthngb, tviWattnhnmtngnWatt, sdngnguninxoaychiumtpha
110V/220V. Sovingckhngngbbaphacngkchthc th cng sut ca ng c khng ng
b mt pha ch bng khong 70% cng sutca ng c khng ng b ba pha, nhng thc
t do kh nng qu ti thp nn ngoi trng c kiu in dung, cng sut ca ng c
khng ng b mt pha ch vo khong50% cng sut ca ng c ba pha. Do s dng
ngun xoay chiu mt pha nn ng cmt pha c dng kh ph bin trong sinh hot
v sn xut nh.2.1.1.2. Cu to ng c khng ng b xoay chiu mt
pha.Tyvophngthcm myvhotngmngckhngngb
mtphaccutocphnkhcnhaunhngcutochnhcnggmchaiphnchnhlstatovroto.+
Stato:Phn tnh nay gm c: mch t, dy qun, v my. Mch t c cu to ging vi
mcht statongc3pha,dyqunstatogmdyqunchnhvdyqunph cktcuthng ko ging
nhau, t lch nhau gc 900Hnh 2.1. Cu to bn trong stato.Stato: gn ging
ng c 3 pha.+ Roto:- Roto gm c li thp v dy qun. n hc phn 1A GVHD: o
Duy KhngTrang 47Hnh 2.2. Roto lng sc.- Li thp lm bng l thp k thut
in ghp li vi nhau.- Dy qun roto kiu lng xc gm cc thanh dn t trong
cc rnh ca li thp nivi nhau bng vng ngn mch.Roto ca ng c khng ng b 1
pha thng dng la roto lng sc.Ngoi hai phn chnh trn, cn c cc b phn
khi ng nh t in, ngtin ly tmhay rle dng inrle in pRoto lng sc: tng t
ng c 3 pha.2.1.1.3. Nguyn l hot ng c khng ng b mt pha.Nu ch c 1 cun
dy ni vo 1 pha s c t trng xoay chiu nh sau.Hnh 2.3. Cc thi im ca
Roto.T trng do dng in hnh sin chy trong dy qun stator ca ng ckhng
ngb 1 pha ch c dy qun mt pha: n hc phn 1A GVHD: o Duy KhngTrang
48Dng inxoaychiuchytrongdyqunstators sinhrat trngxoaychiu,ng sc t
trng c xc nh theo quy tc vn nt chai xt ti cc thi im:- Ti , dng in t
cc i dng i=Im,cm ng t t cc i, gi sng sc c chiu ttrn xung di. v cng
phng, cng chiu, ln:- Ti , dng in vn dng, cm ng t vn c chiu nh c
nhng ln b hn, v lch nhau gc- Ti , i=0, B = 0 . v cng phng, ngc
chiu, cng ln.- Ti ,i
