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7/25/2019 Dr Fanani Aspek Geriatri Pada Radiologi
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Aspek Geriatri Pada Radiologi
Dr. Fanani, Sp.Rad
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Pengaruh Penuaan
Fisik
Kognitif
Psikososial
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Slide 2
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Perubahan Fisik Akibat Penuaan
Kel'(an kese(atan yang paling sering pada lansia ) Penamba(an berat badan Fatig'e Massa t'lang berk'rang Kekak'an sendi Kesepian
*ati(an adala( k'n%i 'nt'k meng'rangi empat
kel'(an pertama pada daftar Keseimbangan, koordinasi, kek'atan dan ke%epatan
reaksi men'r'n bersama dengan penamba(an 'sia
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Slide !
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Perubahan Fisik Akibat Penuaan
Pengli(atan, pendengaran, pen%i'mandan indra perasa +'ga men'r'n dengan
bertamba(nya 'sia ant'an yang dapat diberikan )
erikan instr'ksi sat' per sat'
K'rangi kebisingan di sekitarnyai%arala( dengan pelan, +elas dan langs'ngpada pasien
Ses'aikan vol'me s'ara dengan
pendengaran pasienMosby items and derived items 200, 200!,"### by Mosby, $n%., an affiliate of &lsevier $n%. Slide -
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Efek Kognitif
Penyakit l/(eimer adala( bent'k
dementia yang paling sering didapatkanpada lansia
Dementia gangg'an kognitif yang
progresif yang pada ak(irnya akanmempengar'(i f'ngsi se(ari1(ari
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Slide
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Efek Psikososial
" dari orang ber'sia 34 ta('nmen'n+'kkan tanda1tanda depresi klinis
each elderly person is unique anddeserves respect
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Slide 4
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Top 10 Chronic Conditions of 6!
rt(ritis
5ypertension
5earing impairment
5eart disease 6atara%ts
Deformity or
ort(opedi% impairment
6(roni% sin'sitis
Diabetes
7is'al impairment
7ari%ose veins
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Slide
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Aging of "rgan #$ste%s
$nteg'mentary system disorders
8ervo's system disorders
Sensory system disorders
M's%'loskeletal system disorders
6ardiovas%'lar system disorders
9astrointestinal system disorders
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Slide :
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;(en an e
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Changes Associated &ith Aging
?lder ad'lts may (ave nonspe%ifi%
symptoms s'%( as)
Di//iness Falls for no apparent reason
$nfe%tions =it(o't fevers
@rinary $n%ontinen%es a radiograp(er, yo' m'st be able to
differentiate =(at is a normal from =(at
is pat(ologi%al.
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'ntegu%entar$ #$ste%
8ormal 6(anges >(e skin =rinkles, be%omes la
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'%plications for the Radiographer
>(e skin of t(e geriatri% is fragile and
t('s more easily tra'mati/ed.
o' m'st ens're t(at t(e skin of t(eelderly patient is not damaged d'ring
t(e e
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Changes in the (ead and )eck
8ormal 6(anges of ging >(ere is mild loss of vis'al a%'ity,
parti%'larly BPresbyopiaC >ear prod'%tion is eit(er red'%ed or
in%reased
Sensory, ne'ral, and %ond'%tive %(angeso%%'r in t(e ear
5earing loss is %ommon
>(ere is loss of m's%le mass in t(e ne%k
Kyp(osis
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'%plications for the Radiographer
ssist t(e patient at all times. S'dden
%(ange in lig(ting may %a'se
momentary blindness. o' m'st as%ertain t(at t(e patient is
able to (ear yo'r dire%tions and speak
lo'dly eno'g( for t(e patient to'nderstand.
e espe%ially %aref'l to %learly state
instr'%tions and %(e%k for
7/25/2019 Dr Fanani Aspek Geriatri Pada Radiologi
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Pul%onar$ #$ste%
8ormal 6(anges of ging *'ng %apa%ity diminis(es
>(e %o'g( refle< be%omes less effe%tive >(e normal respiratory defense me%(anism
lose effe%tiveness
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'%plications for the Radiographer
Patients =it( %(roni% p'lmonary disease
%annot be e
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The Gastrointestinal #$ste%
8ormal 6(anges of ging9astri% se%retion, absorption and motility
de%reases >(e abdominal m's%les =eaken
Many patients are edent'lo's =it(o't
teet(G, (ave dent'res or partial plates&sop(ageal motility de%lines
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'%plications for the Radiographer
D'e to patient fasting, s%(ed'le t(e
e
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The Patient *ho (as (adArthroplastic #urger$
>otal +oint repla%ement (as be%ome a
%ommon pro%ed're in (ospitals t(ro'g(o't
t(e @nited States
rt(roplasty is indi%ated for patients for t(e
follo=ing reasons)Severe degenerative +oint disease
Hoint deformities
>ra'ma
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Cont+
Most %ommon rt(roplasty in geriatri%s)
5ip and Knees
>ake e
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Cultural Considerations and
Aging
?ne m'st take %'lt're differen%es =(en
imaging patients.
Some elderly patients are a%%epting of=(atever treatment is offered, =(ereas
ot(ers reA'ire a detailed e
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Elder Abuse
$t is estimated one o't of every 20seniors e(e negle%t,
mistreatment or e
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Recogni,ing the *arning #igns
of Abuse
P(ysi%al ab'se
Se
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A-oiding Elder Abuse or )eglect
.uring '%aging Procedures
void pin%(ing patientIs skin =(en moving
or transferring t(e patient from g'rney or
=(eel%(air onto t(e radiograp(i% table. ;(en immobili/ing elderly patients, 'tili/e
t(e standards of %are for immobili/ing t(e
geriatri% patient as pres%ribed by yo'rinstit'tion d'ring radiograp(i% pro%ed'res.
ssist t(e geriatri% patient =(en t(ey ask for
(elp.
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Patient Care of Elderl$/ uick Tips
&d'kasi pasien dan kel'argaMeng'rangi stress dan kegelisa(an pasien
Meningkatkan kepat'(an dan kep'asan
i%ara lebi( pelan dan lebi( dekat
Treat patient with respect and dignity
Kom'nikasi dengan (angat, empati, dansikap positif
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Patient Care of Elderl$/ uick Tips
Sediakan =akt' istira(at antar
pengambilan gambar dan prosed'r
tindakanMeng'rangi vertigo dan resiko +at'(
5indari pengg'naan pita perekat
M'da( menyebabkan ker'sakan k'lit 9'nakan alas me+a pengambilan
gambar dan tempat pegangan tangan
Meningkatkan kepat'(an dan kenyamananMosby items and derived items 200, 200!,"### by Mosby, $n%., an affiliate of &lsevier $n%. Slide 24
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Patient Care of Elderl$/ uick Tips
Sediakan selim't, spons dan alat bant'
lainnya 'nt'k pengat'ran posisi
Meningkatkan kenyamanan danmeng'rangi resiko injury
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Patient Care of Elderl$/ uick Tips
Carefully check patient history before
contrast administration
Meng'rangi efek samping, sepertide(idrasi, gagal gin+al
daka( kes'litan menelan
erikan %airan dengan posisi tegak 'nt'kmeng'rangi resiko aspirasi
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CA(" Criteria
ge1spe%ifi% %ompeten%y for all (ealt(
%are professionals reA'ired
ge1related %are spe%ifi%s in%l'deassessment of7is'al or (earing impairments
Digestive and esop(ageal problems9rief %on%erns
Provision of =armt( and safety aids
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CA(" Criteria
ppropriate age1spe%ifi% %omm'ni%ation
skills are reA'ired
Kno=ledge of age1related %(anges anddisease pro%esses assist radiograp(ers
in providing needed %are to elderly
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Radiographer2s Role
dapt pro%ed'res to a%%ommodate
disability and disease
@nderstanding of p(ysiology andpat(ology of aging
=areness of so%ial, psy%(ologi%al,
%ognitive, and e%onomi%s of aging
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
6(est For P, =rap arms aro'nd 'prig(t devi%e to
in%rease s'pport and se%'rityProvide s'pport and stability in moving
arms 'p and for=ard for lateral
Perform e
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
Spine@se sponges and table pad
@prig(t more %omfortable for t(ose =(o areable
Seated position may be 'sed for
e
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
PelvisJ5ip Fra%t'res %ommon do not rotate limb 'ntil
fra%t're (as been r'led o't6ross1table lateral often more %omfortable
$n nontra'ma patients, sandbags 'sef'l to
s'pport rotation of limbs
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
@pper e
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
*o=er e
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
>e%(ni%al fa%tors (ave to be ad+'sted to
a%%ommodate disease and normal age1
related %(anges >o make %orre%t te%(niA'e ad+'stment
for diseases and age1related %(anges,
radiograp(ers m'st kno= =(et(erdiseaseJ%(ange is additive or
destr'%tive
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Radiographic Positioning for Geriatric
Patients
&