Duong Main Word.pdf

8/10/2019 Duong Main Word.pdf

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N N MNG NH CAO T NG T NG VY T NG H M GVHD:TS.TR N VN TI NG

NHM 2 SNG TH

3 Trang 1

T NG VY TNG HMMC LCPHN I. TNG QUAN V TNG VY -----------------------------------------------------------------3

1. nh ngha t ng vy: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------32. Phm vi p dng t ng vy: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------33. Phn loi t ng vy: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4

3.1 T ng vy bng cc hng theo kiu dy ct: -----------------------------------------------------43.2 T ng vy bng cc hng lin tc: -----------------------------------------------------------------43.3 T ng vy bng cc hng t h p: -------------------------------------------------------------------4

4. Mt s cng trnh thi cng t ng vy tng hm: -----------------------------------------------------5

PHN II. THIT K T NG VY BNG PHNG PHPTNG TRONG T--------61. Kim tra s c chu ti ca t nn di chn t ng -------------------------------------------------62. Tnh ton t ng chn khng neo: -----------------------------------------------------------------------73. Tnh ton t ng chn c mt hng neo: ---------------------------------------------------------------94. Tnh ton t ng chn c nhu hng neo: ------------------------------------------------------------ 10

PHN III. THIT K TNG VY BNG PHNG PHP S GIA: ------------------------- 131. Gi i thiu v phng php: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 132. L thuyt tnh: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 143. Ch ng minh l lun ca phng php: -------------------------------------------------------------- 16

PHN IV. THI CNG TNG VY: -------------------------------------------------------------------- 171. o h cho Panel (baret) u tin --------------------------------------------------------------------- 172. H lng ct thp, h giong chng thm v btng cho panen (barret) u tin -------- 183. o h cho panen (barret) tip theo v tho b g lp cho giong chng thm ------------- 194. H lng ct thp, t giong chng thm v btng cho panen (barret) th 2: ---------- 195. H thng kh p ni CWS: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 20

5.1. Nguyn tc ca kh p ni CWS: ------------------------------------------------------------------ 205.2 Lp d ng v tho d kh p ni CWS: ------------------------------------------------------------ 205.3 Cc thun l i khi dng kh p ni CWS: --------------------------------------------------------- 20

6. H mc n c ngm: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 217. Thit b thi cng: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 2


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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PHN V. V D TNG VY: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- 221.Gi i thiu cng trnh: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 22

1.1c im ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 2

1.2 V tr ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 21.3 a cht cng trnh ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 23

2.Tnh theo phng php phn t hu hn (dng phn mm Plaxis): --------------------------- 252.1 Thng s a cht u vo cho phn mm Plaxis ---------------------------------------------- 252.2 Thng s t ng vy: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 252.3 Thng s thanh chng -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 262.4 Ph ti mt t: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 262.5 Cc b c m phng trong phn mm Plaxis --------------------------------------------------- 27

2.6 Ni l c trong h thanh chng ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 302.7 Biu Ni L c v Chuyn V Ngang T ng Vy -------------------------------------------- 31

3.Tnh ton ct thp t ng vy. --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 323.1 Tnh ton ct thp dc chu l c:--------------------------------------------------------------------- 323.2 Tnh ton ct ai: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 33

4. So snh cc phng n t ng vy ----------------------------------------------------------------------- 345.Kim tra n nh h o --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 38

5.1 iu kin chuyn v t ng vy ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 385.2 Bin dng t nn -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 385.3 H s an ton ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 40

6. Quy trnh thi cng tng hm --------------------------------------------------------------------------- 426.1 Giai on 1 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46.2 Giai on 2---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46.3 Giai on 3---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46.4 Giai on 4---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

6.5 Giai on 5 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46.6 Giai on 6 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46.7 Giai on 7 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46.8 Giai on 8 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 4

PHN VI. TI LIU THAM KHO ------------------------------------------------------------------------- 46


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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PHN I. TNG QUAN V TNG VY Trong qu trnh thi cng mng v t ng hm nh cao t ng, khi thi cng h o su s lm

thay i tr ng thi ng su t, bin dng trong t nn xung quanh khu v c h o v c th lm

thay i mc n c ngm dn n nn t b dch chuy n v c th ln gy h hng cng trnhln cn nu khng c gi i php thch h p. T ng vy l gi i php thch h p chng thnhh o, bn cnh c th tn dng tng vy lm t ng tng hm.

Tng ng m ca nhng cao c l m t trong nh ng ph n vic r t quan tr ng, khng ch cvai tr v i cng trnh m cn v i nhng cng trnh ln c n. Chnh v v y, khi ti n hnh kh o sta cht cng nh xc l p quy trnh k thut xy d ng tng ng m i hi phi c nh ng yu c uk thut nghim ng t ca lnh vc xy d ng ngm.

1. nh ngha t ng vy:Tng trong t l mt b phn ca kt cu cng trnh bng btng ct thp c cch hoc lp ghp (bng cc tm panen c sn) trong t. T ng vy c ch c nng gi n nhv/ho c chng thm v c th dng lm t ng chng thm cho cc p n c hoc cc h o,lm mng ho c t ng bao cho cc k t cu.

Tn ca loi k t cu ny thng c gi nh sau: o Ting Vit: Tng trong t. o Ting Php: Paroi moule dan le sol.o Ting Anh : Diaphragm Wall.o Ting Nga: CTEHA B PYHTE

2. Phm vi p dng t ng vy: Tng trong t c th p dng trong cc tr ng h p sau:

o Lm tng tng hm cho nh cao tng; o Lm cc cng trnh ngm nh: ng tu in ngm, ng cu chui, cng thot nc

cc gara t ngm di t v.v o Lm k b cng, lm tng chn t i vi t ng vy lm tng hm nh cao tng th t ng c tc dng v m bo yu

cu :o Bo v thnh h o su; ng thi bo v nn mng cho cng trnh ln cn; o Bo v cho nc ngm khng vo c tng hm trong qu trnh thi cng cng nh

dng;


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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o m bo cho tng trong t c n nh, ngha l khng b nghing, khng b ln qgii hn cho php.

3. Phn loi t ng vy:

3.1 T ng vy bng cc hng theo kiu dy ct:Khi t quanh h o tng i tt, mc n c ngm tng i th p, c th l i dng hin

t ng vm gi a 2 cc gn nhau.

3.2 T ng vy bng cc hng lin tc:Trong t yu th th ng khng th hnh thnh c vm t, cc chn gi phi x p

thnh hng lin t c. Cc khoan l dy lin t c c th chng ti p vo nhau, ho c khi cng btng thn c c cn cha hnh thnh th lm mt cc r cy b ng btng khng c c t thp gia hai cy c c ni lin cc hng khoan l li (hnh I.3). Cng c th dng c c bn thp, c c

bn btng c t thp (hnh I.4,5)

3.3T ng vy bng cc hng t h p:

Trong vng t yu m c m c n c ng m tng i cao c th dng c c khoan nh i t h p vi t ng chng thm t h p vi t ng chng thm bng cc ximng t.

Hnh I.1

Hnh I.2 Hnh I.3

Hnh I.5Hnh I.4

Hnh I.6


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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Cn c vo su h o v tnh hnh chu l c ca k t cu, chn gi bng cc hngc th chia:

1. K t cu chn gi khng c ch ng (conson): Khi su h o khng l n v c th l idng c tc d ng conson chn gi c th t pha sau t ng.

2. K t cu chn gi c ch ng n: Khi su o h ln hn, khng th dng c kiukhng ch ng th c th dng m t hng ch ng n trn nh ca k t cu chn gi.

3. K t cu ch n gi nhiu tng chng: Khi su o h mng l kh su, c th t nhiutng chng, nh m gim b t ni lc ca t ng ch n.

4. Mt s cng trnh thi cng t ng vy tng hm:o Cng trnh c t ng h m u tin sau nm 1954 c xy d ng chnh l t ng hm ca nh

11 tng (mng c c ng 12m), c Vi n Khoa h c Cng ngh Xy d ng (IBST) thi tk v S Xy d ng H N i thi cng vo nm 1981.

o Cng trnh u tin s dng k thu t neo trong t c Bachy SoletancheVietnam(BSV) thc hin thnh cng l To thp VietcomBank ti 184 Tr n Quang Kh i, H Nivo nm 1997.

o D n Trung tm iu hnh v Thng tin vin thng in lc Vit Nam (TTVTL-EVN) c din tch 14 000 m2 ti s 11 ph Ca Bc, TP. H Ni 2008.

o Ta thp Keangnam Landmark Tower cao nht Vit Nam, ti L 6 ng Phm Hn

H Ni, do Samwoo Geotech thi cng t thng 5/2008.


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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PHN II. THIT K T NG VY BNG PHNG PHP

TNG TRONG T:

Trong phn ny ch trnh by gii php thit k cho tng trong t dng lm tng hm cnh cao tng. Ni dung vic thit k nh sau:

1. Kim tra s c chu ti ca t nn di chn t ngTng trong t khi dng lm tng tng hm cho nh cao

tng, th c th hoc khng chiu ti trng thng ng Ntc do cngtrnh bn trn gy nn.

Trong trng hp tng qut, th phi m bo cho sc chu ca

t di chn tng ln hn ti trng ca cng trnh cng vi titrng bn thn ca bc tng gy nn tai chn tng, tc l:

tc tctc

tc

N G p R

b

Trong : Ptc - p lc tiu chun di chn tng, T/m2 ;

N tc - ti trng cng trnh trn mi mt di, T/m; G tc - trng lng bn thn ca, mi mt di t ng, T/m;

R tc - sc chu ti ca t nn di chn tng, xc nh theocng thc

b - chiu rng ca tng trong t R tc = Ab + Bh + Dctc

Trong : b chiu rng ca bc tng (chiu rng ca bart), m; h chiu su ca bc tng, m;

dung trng ca lp t di tng, T/m3

; dung trng trung bnh ca cc lp t t chn tng n mt t, T/m3;

ctc lc dnh tiu chun ca lp t di chn tng, T/m2;A, B, D cc thng s ph thuc gc ma st trong0 ca lp t di chn

tng, tra theo bng sau:

Ntc

Gtc

b b

t

h

Hnh II.1


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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Ghi ch: tng trong t bng btng ct thp l gm cc bart ni lin nhau qua cc ging chng thm, cho nn c th tnh cho mi mt di tng hay tnh cho mi ci bart c.

2. Tnh ton t ng chn khng neo:Trng hp ny ch p dng khi nh c tng hm khng su hn 4m. S tnh c trnh by trong hnh di y:

Hnh II.2 S tnh ton tng tng hm khng neo a) S tng b) S p lc t c) Biu monem

Z c

h 1

h 2

Z o

Q 1

Q 2

0 A B D 0 A B D

0 0.00 1.00 3.14 24 0.72 3.78 6.45

2 0.03 1.12 6.32 26 0.84 4.37 6.90

4 0.06 1.25 3.51 28 0.98 4.93 7.40

6 0.10 1.39 3.71 30 1.15 5.59 7.95

8 0.14 1.55 3.93 32 1.34 6.35 8.55

10 0.18 1.73 4.17 34 1.55 7.21 9.21

12 0.23 1.94 4.42 36 1.81 8.25 9.00

14 0.29 2.17 4.69 38 2.11 9.44 10.80

16 0.36 2.43 5.00 40 2.46 10.48 11.73

18 0.43 2.72 5.31 42 2.87 12.50 12.7720 0.51 3.06 5.66 44 3.37 14.48 13.96

22 0.61 3.44 6.04 46 3.66 15.64 14.6


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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Quan nim rng tng btng ct thp l mt vt cng, nn di tc dng ca p lc t,th n s quay quanh mt im C, gi l im ngm, cch y h o mt on Zc=0,8h 2 (trong h2 l chiu su ca tng di y h o).

y phi xc nh hai s liu quan trng, l su cn thit ca tng v mmen Mmax tnh ct thp cho tng. Trnh t c tin hnh nh sau:

a) Xc nh cc h s p lc ch ng v p lc b ng ca t vo tng H s p lc ch ng:

a = tg2 (45 0 - /2)

H s p lc b ng

b = tg 2 (45 0 + /2)

Hiu s ca hai p lc ch ng v b ng l:

= a - b

b) Xc nh p lc gii hn ca t nn di chn tng : qgh = [(h 1 h2) h2 a]

c) p lc t ch ng sau tng: 21 a

1

hQ

2

2 c aQ Z

d) Lc y ngang ln nht di chn tng vo t: 2 22 1 2

max 232 1 1 2 2 2 c

[ h 2(Q Q )]q h

h 2Q (h 3h ) 3Q (2h Z )

Ghi ch: Trong cc cng thc trn: dung trng ca t;

gc ma st trong ca t e) Chiu su ngm ca bc tng vo t cn thit cho tng c n nh khi tha

kin: qmax qgh

f) Xc nh momen un ln nht Mmax tc dng vo im nm di y h o mt on Zo:

a0 1

a

Z h 1 1


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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2301

max 0 01

ZhM Z Z

2 h 6

Coi tng l mt kt cu cng-xn, t Mmax tnh c ct thp ch cho tng theo

phng php thng thng ca kt cu btng ct thp.

3. Tnh ton t ng chn c mt hng neo:S tnh ton c th hin trn hnh di y :

Hnh II.3 S tnh ton tng c 1 hng neo a) S tnh b) Biu momen

iu kin cn bng n nh ca tng nh sau :

1 1 2 2 1 22 2

Q (h h a mQ h h a3 3

Trong : Q1 - p lc ch ng ca t Q2 - p lc b ng ca t m - h s iu kin lm vic, m = 0.7 1

Phn lc ca neo l : N = Q 1 Q2 im tc dng ca mmen un ln nht vo tng l im cch mt t mt on Z0

0a

2NZ

Trong :

dung trng ca t

a h s p lc t ch ng Gi tr ca momen un ln nht vo tng Mmax :

N

Q 1

M ma

Q 2

z o

a

( h 1

+ h

2 ) /

3

h 2

h 1


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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3amax 0 0M N(Z a) Z6

T Mmax tnh c ct thp ch cho tng chu un theo phng php thng thng ca kt cu btng ct thp.

4. Tnh ton t ng chn c nhu hng neo:p lc t ln tng c c xc nh theo phng php ca K.Terzaghi. Biu rt

gn p lc bn ca t ln tng c nhiu gi (do cc thanh chng khi thi cng) hoc c nneo (tm thi hay di lu) i vi t ri v t dnh c th hin hnh sau:

Hnh II.4 biu rt gn p lc bn ca t ln tng chn c nhiu hng neo a) t ri b) t dnh

Tr s p lc ngang ca t tc dng ln tng chn- i vi t ri :

Pmax = 0,75P a - i vi t dnh:

Pmax = H -

Trong :

- dung trng ca t t nhin ; - khng lc ct ca t dnh ;

Pa p lc ch ng ca t ln tng :

2a dP Ztg 4 2

Trong : Z khong cch t tit din ca tng ang xt n nh tng ;

gc ma st trong ca t Dng P max xc nh cc ni lc trong tng chn.

0 . 1

5 H

0 . 5

5 H

0 . 3

H 0 . 2

H

0 . 6

H

0 . 2

H

H

0.75Pz yH-4t


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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Cc mmen un trong tng v cc phn lc gi (hoc neo) c xc nh nh trong dm mt nhp c chiu di bng khong cch gia hai gi (hoc neo). Phn trn cng ca tng c tnh nh dm cng-xn c chiu di bng khong cch t nh tng n hng

gi ta (hoc neo) th nht. Gii ta di cng t ti h mng. Cc mmen un trong tng v cc phn lc gi xc nh nh dm lin tc.

S tnh:

Hnh II.5 S tnh v biu moment trong tng nhiu neo

Khi tnh ton cc tng c c neo ng sut trc, th phi tnh cc ng sut ph pht strong tng v neo do vic cng neo.

Khi tnh ton cc ng lc do cc cng trc neo, n gin tnh ton, ngi ta xem t

nh tuyt cng, tc l khng xt n nh hng ca vng tng n s phn b ca pht pht sinh khi cng neo. Cn t sau tng coi l nn n hi Winkler vi h s nn thaytuyn tnh theo chiu su.

S tc dng vo tng khi c cc neo ng sut trc c trnh by trn hnh sau :

Hnh II.6: S l c tc d ng vo t ng c khi c cc neo ng su t tr c

Mmen M Za v lc ct Q Za trong t ng c do cng trc neo c xc nh theo cng th ckinh ngh m ca V.M.Zubkov:

S n

R nS n

R n

a n

Z

L


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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= 2 1,5 3 1,33 4.1

{}=

{8[1,25 ] 12()[1 ]} 4.2 Trong : Sn thnh phn nm ngang ca lc cng neo hng th n trn mt mt di tng, N/m;Z khong cch t nh tng n tit din ang xt, m; K s lng hng neo theo chiu cao tng; n s liu hng neo (n = 1, 2, 3, ., k). L chiu su tng (khong cch t nh tng n chn tng), m; an khong cch t nh tng n hng neo th nht, m;

{ > 0 {1 > 0

S

k

nn 1

Q S k

S n nn 1

M S .a

Ni lc tng cng trong tng v neo: M Z = M Za + M o QZ = M Za + Q o

R n = S n + R o

y Mo, Q o v R o tng ng l Mmen, lc ct v ng lc trong neo nhn c khi tnhton bnh thng tng ta trn cc gi k m khng c neo ng lc.

T MZ tnh ra c thp dc v QZ tnh ra dc thp ai cho mi mt di tng trong t bng btng ct thp theo phng php thng thng ca kt cu btng ct thp.

V c bn cu tao thp trong tng trong t cng ging nh trong cc bart. Ch l c loi tng trong t thi cng bng cch btng ti ch trn hin trng

v c loi c sn trong cng xng ri lp ghp ti hin trng. Loi tng lp ghp thkhng su bng tng c ti ch. Khi tnh thp cho tng lp ghp cn phi ch vic

chuyn v cu lp cc bart nn thng ct thp trong tng lp ghp nhiu trong tng ch.


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PHN III. THIT K TNG VY BNG PHNG PHP S GIA:

1. Gi i thiu v phng php: T ng ch n nhiu thanh ch ng ho c nhiu neo, n u p d ng phng php tnh truyn

thng l khng k n s bin dng ca thang ch ng v neo trong qu trnh thi cng o t v ta c k t qu : ly momen ch ng un bn khng o lm chnh, nu tnh theo phng php dmng tr , cng thu c k t qu tng t nh hnh III.1 th hin r. Trong qu trnh thi cngthc t, khi o t th n t ng s c chuy n d ch, chng ho c neo c lp t vo khi thntng c chuyn v r i, nh th hin trong hnh III.2. i vi tr ng hp ny trn y cng c gi i thiu s l c.

Hnh III.1: S moment theo phng php dm tng ng

Hnh III.2: S quan h thanh ch ng v i chuy n d ch ca thn tng trong qu trnh o t1) Chuy n d ch ca t ng sau l n o th 1

2,3) Chuy n d ch sau l n o th 2 v th 3

Chng

Bn thnh


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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Vic tnh ton n i lc ca kiu tng trong t c nhi u chng ho c nhiu neo ny,Y.K.Cheung tng a ra thng k v l lu n tng i c h thng. Nhng khi xt n ton

b qu trnh thi cng o v chng gi h v mi quan h gia bin dng c a thanh ch ng ho c

neo v i lc chng th phng php s ca phn t hu hn v.v l phng php tng i lt ng.

Trong th c t qu trnh ch u lc ca t ng ch n l qu trnh tc ng ng th i gia t,t ng, ch ng (ho c neo), n i lc ca t ng c lin quan v i tnh ch t ca t, cng catng, cng ca thanh ch ng (ho c thanh neo) cng nh qu trnh o v chng. Phng

php tnh ton n i lc ca tng trong t v i nhiu chng (ho c nhiu neo) trn c s ca phng php tnh n gin ha c c, t ch u tc ng ng th i ca t, t ng, chng (ho c neo)c k ton b qu trnh thi cng t ng b c chng gi (hoc neo gi ) v tng bc o t, ngth i li dng l lu n chng minh chnh xc c a n v dng k t qu tnh ton th c t ni rtnh h p l c a n.

2. L thuyt tnh:Vi t ng lin t c trong t, ly mt mt di lm n v lm n v tnh ton v xem n l

mt dm mng n hi ch u tc ng ca p l c t: tc ng ca t vo t ng c th biu th bng m t h thng l xo t ging nh m hnh Winkler, cn h s cng K c a l xo th xcnh bng nh ngha K = N/, l chuyn v tm c ca Boussinesq t l thuy t n hi, N llc tng ng, K xc nh l hm s modun bi n d ng E 0 ca t, h s Poatxng s, din tcht ch u nn b id do l xo lm i din nh c th hin trn hnh III.3. i vi l xo t t mt o tr ln n u l ch u ko th l xo khng gy ra tc ng v t khng ch u lc ko, khi K = 0, cho l c t p trung c a mt l xo t sinh ra l x i, cho di n tch m l xo lm i din chot ch u nn l b id, d l r ng c a ph n t tng, th ng l y d = 1 m, th p l c phn b tcng trn di n tch y l:

ii

i

xq

b d

Cho d < b, t l i gii ca Boussinesq c th tnh c chuy n v di tc ng ca q i l:2 2s i s

0 i 0

dq(1 ) dx (1 )E b dE


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NHM 2 SNG TH

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Th: 0ii 2s

bExk

(1 )

ii

i

xq

b d

Hnh III.3: S tnh ton theo phng php s gia l h s hnh d ng c lin quan v i b/d. Khi b/d = 1.0; = 0.8; khi b/d = 1.5; = 1.08,

khi b/d = 2; = 2. B i v k i y tng ng v i cc l p t khc nhau c th phn nh b ng E s, do Es ca lp t cng l l n th k i tng ng cng l n, cho nn k i c xc nh t c th xtn chnh l ch ca k i ca l p mm v l p cng c th lp thnh chng trnh my tnh v c vn dng vo nhi u cng trnh th c, chng minh l gi a tnh ton v i k t qu thc o ltng i gn nhau.

Trong hnh III.4a, thanh ch ng su H 1 d i mt t, tt yu l ph i o n suH1+H. Khi , ti tr ng tng ng v s tnh ton nh hnh III.4b Oq1 l p l c t t mto tr ln, sau khi gi i s c ph n lc x 1o, x 2o, x6o ca l xo t bn d i mt o, ni lcv chuy n v ca thn tng tng ng v i lc y s c th tm c.

Hnh III.4: S qu trnh tnh ton c a phng php s gia

x60

x10

x2

0

K H

1

H 2

q1

q2

H1 K H

2

H 1

x1

x30

x40

x50

x60

x31

x41

x51

x61

+

+

+

+

O

q1H1

k 1

k 2k 3k 4k 5k 6

x10

x2

0

x30

x40

x50

x60

x30

x40

x50

Mt h o l

b 1

+ H + H

H

x1

x2

x3

x4

b 1

b 2

b 3

b 4


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NHM 2 SNG TH

3 Trang 16

Khi t thanh ch ng vo ch H 1 bn di nh tng, cho cng l xo c a chng ny lK, sau o t H 1 + H n H 2, s tnh ton c a qu trnh ny nh hnh III.4c, lng tngca p l c t l q 1q2 m khi o t i H 1 + H, tc l tr ng thi nh hnh III.4b, hai l xo t

K 1, K 2 tc ng vo thn t ng c ph n lc x 10

, x 20

, cn khi o t H 1 + H, n H 2, t l xony b o i mt nn K 1 v K 2 tng ng khng cn n a, n tng ng v i hai l c trnt ng m v mt tc d ng c ln tng ng v c phng chiu ng c li v i x10, x20 nhhnh III.4c. Do q1q2 v x 10, x20,s l s gia t i tr ng ca qu trnh tng ny v do l xo n hiK v l xo t bn d i mt o cng nhau gnh chu v khi gi i s tm c cc ph n lc lxo x 3

1, x 32, x 3

3, x 34 , x 3

5, x 36 nh hnh III.4d, ni lc thn t ng v ph n lc l xo tc d ng trn

thn t ng ca qu trnh tng s c lc tc ng trn tng, nh hnh III.4d th hin, tc l s gia ni lc thn t ng v chuy n v thu c ca qu trnh hai l n tng nh hnh III.4b,c cngdn s c ni lc v chuy n v thn t ng cui cng c a qu trnh thi cng nh th hin tronghnh III.4d.

Trn y l qu trnh tnh ton ca phng php s gia, n hon ton c th dng trongtr ng h p c nhi u tr ng h p c nhi u chng ho c nhiu neo.

3. Ch ng minh l lun ca phng php: Khi o n H 1 + H, s tnh ton v ph n lc l xo c a t bn d i mt o nh hnhIII.4b, tng t ng tch ra m t phn ca tng, th khi ngoi lc tc ng vo t ng c plc t trn m t o v phn lc l xo bn d i mt o, nh hnh III.5a. Lc ny h lc tcng ln t ng l h lc cn b ng, khi l p thanh ch ng vo ch H1 v o t H 1 + H n H 2, h lc khng cn b ng bit tc ng ln t ng v tnh hnh g i ta l xo nh hnh III.5b, hnhIII.5a cho th y l o t i H 2 th ni lc v chuy n v ca thn t ng c th tnh c t hnhIII.5b, s tnh ton th hin trn hnh III.5b k n nh h ng ca vic lp t thanh ch ngv trnh t thi cng. N u chng ta ch ng minh c k t qu ca hnh III.5b l c ng dn k t qu ca hnh III.4b,c th tnh chnh xc c a phng php s gia c khng nh. Hnh III.5b c

th thu c t cng dn hnh III.5c v i III.5d, k t qu ca hnh III.5d v hnh III.5c l gi ngnhau, m ngo i lc bit tc ng ln t ng hnh III.5c th gi ng nh hnh III.5a, chng lmt h cn b ng, cho l trn cc l xo g i ta ca h cn b ng III.5c s khng sinh ra b t k m tlc m i no n a, do ly ph n tch ra t ng ca hnh III.5c, th cc ngo i lc tc ng lnt ng s l tr ng h p ca hnh III.5a; cho nn n i lc v chuy n v trong t ng ca hnh III.5c


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s ging nh kt qu ca hnh III.4d. Do , ni lc v chuy n v ca t ng hnh III.5b c th thu c k t qu cng dn hai hnh III.4b,c. V i l lu n nh vy, th trong t ng c nhi u chngcng c th chng minh c.

Hnh III.5: S ch ng minh l lu n tnh ton theo phng php s gia

PHN IV. THI CNG TNG VY: V c bn thi cng tng trong t cng ging nh thi cng cc baret. Tng trong t l

gm cc baret c ni v i nhau theo c nh ngn ca tit din; gia cc baret c giong chngthm.

Tng quan, k thut thi cng t ng ch n t bao g m thi cng t ng btng c t thp t caotrnh m t t t nhin b ng cch s dng gu ngo m o trong dung dch bentonite. Trong qutrnh o, hai vch h o c gi n nh bng dung d ch bentonite. Sau khi hon t t vic o,mt lng thp c h xung trong dung d ch bentonite v r i btng c vo h o theo phng php btng b ng ng tremie. Khi cao trnh btng dng ln, dung dch bentonitetha ra c rt ra ti s dng. Giong CWS c dng to cc m i ni gia cc t mt ng ch n k ti p nhau.Trnh t thi cng c a tng trong t bng phng php btng t i ch thc hin nh sau:

1. o h cho Panel (baret) u tino h cho Panel u tin ph i thc hin 3 b c:

o B c 1: Dng g u o thch hp o mt ph n h n chiu cao thi t k . Ch ,khi o n u, phi k p th i cung c p dung d ch bentonite n , cho y h o, gi cho thnh h o khi b s p l .

+ H

k 3k 4k 5k 6

K q 1

q 2

H1K

H 2

H 1

O

q 1H1

x10

x20

x30

x40

x50

x60

x30

x40

x50

x60

k 3k 4k 5k 6

O O

q 1 K

k 3k 4k 5k 6

x10

x20

q 1

q 2x10

x20


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o Bc 2: o phn h bn c nh, cch ph n h o u tin m t di t. Lm nhvy cung c p dung d ch bentonite vo h s khng l l thnh h c.

o Bc 3: o ni ph n t cn l i (o trong dung dch bentonite) hon thnh

mt h panen u tin theo thi t k . Thi ra h o bng phng php lunchuyn bentonite.

2. H lng ct thp, h giong chng thm v btng cho panen (barret)u tinCc b c th c hin nh sau:

o B c 4: h lng ct thp vo h o sn, trong dung d ch bentonite. Sau t giongchng th m CWS (nh c b g thp chuyn d ng) vo v tr. Giong chng th m CWS l

b gi l p chuyn d ng ca hng Banchy Soletanche.o Bc 5: b tng theo phng php va dng, thu h i bentonite v tr m x l. B tng

ca tng trong t thng c mc 250 n 300. ng b tng ph i lun lun chm trong b tng ti mt on 3m trnh cho btng b phn t ng, b r .

o Bc 6: Hon thnh b tng cho ton b panen (barret) th nht.

Ch : ph i b tng cao hn c t thp thi t k mt on khng < 0.5m sau ny p i phnb tng x u l v a.

o m t hn h o hn h

bn c nh

o hn cn l i

H lng ct thpv giong chng

btng theo phng php va dng

btng xong
http://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Bentonitehttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Bentonite


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3. o h cho panen (barret) tip theo v tho b g lp cho giong chngthm

- Bc 7: o mt phn h su n ct thit k panen (o trong dung dch bentonite). Ch o cch panen u tin (sau khi b tng c a panen c ninhk t, kho ng 8h). - Bc 8: o tip n st panen s 1.- B c 9: G b g l p giong chng th m b ng gu o khi cnh ca panen s 1,

nhng giong chng thm CWS v n t nm ti ch ti p gip gi a 2 panen.

4. H lng ct thp, t giong chng thm v btng cho panen (barret)th 2:

- B c 10 : H lng ct thp xu ng h o cha y dung d ch bentonite. t b g l p ghp cng v i giong chng th m CWS vo v tr.

- Bc 11: b tng cho panen (barret) th 2 bng phng php va dng, nh panen s 1.

- B c 12: Ti p tc o h cho panen th 3 pha bn kia c a panen s 1. Th chin vic h lng ct thp, t b g cng v i giong chng th m v b tng cho panen th 3ging nh thc hin cho cc panen tr c.

Ti p tin hnh theo quy trnh thi cng nh vy hon thnh ton b cng trnh t ngtrong t nh thit k .Ch : Ph i t cc ng siu m ki m tra ch t l ng btng trong t ng panen gi ng nhtrong c c baret

o 1 h o hon chnh 1 h cho panen th 2

Tho b g lp giong


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5. H thng kh p ni CWS:Cng ty SOLETANCHE BACHY trong th p k va qua pht tr in h thng giong

CWS cho php thi cng giong ngn n c gia cc panen t ng ch n.

5.1. Nguyn tc ca kh p ni CWS:- Giong CWS bao gm m t vn khun thp c t sn giong cao su. Vn khun thp s

c gu o ko ln khi thi cng panen k cn v d o gii quyt c kh khn g p ph i iv i vic s dng cc ng thp trn kh p ni.

- Khp ni CWS l mt tm chn sn c th rt ra sau khi o panel k bn cho php thicng cc khp ni kn nc gia cc panel tng mt cch d dng.

5.2 Lp d ng v tho d kh p ni CWS:- Trc khi lun chuyn dung dch Bentonite , cc khp ni CWS c lp dng ti ucc panel o xong. Cc panel khi u c khp ni c hai u v cc panel tip chkhp ni mt u. Khp ni CWS gm cc tm ri c lin kt vi nhau bng bu lng qu trnh h xung h o. Khp ni c h xung qu ct y vi mt hoc vo tng t tMt thanh chn nc bng cao su c gn vo khp ni. Ngi ta c th dng chnh xc o lp dng v tho d khp ni CWS. Khi o h o mi bn cch khp CWS cng ds dng dn hng cho gu o mt cch hu hiu.

5.3 Cc thun l i khi dng kh p ni CWS:Vic s dng h thng giong CWS mang li bn u im chnh cho vi c xy d ng t ng

chn t cht l ng tt hn: a. Tho d tm chn d dng khng ph thuc vo cng tc b tng , gim bt cng

thng vo cui gi b tng, d dng t chc sn xut;

H lng thp v t giongchng thm cho panen th

btng cho panen 2 Xong panen 2, o tipcho cc anen ti theo
http://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Thi_c%C3%B4nghttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Thi_c%C3%B4nghttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Bentonitehttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Bentonitehttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/B%C3%AA_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/B%C3%AA_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/B%C3%AA_t%C3%B4nghttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Bentonitehttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Thi_c%C3%B4nghttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/Thi_c%C3%B4ng


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b. L ng dn tuyt vi cho gu o khi o panel bn cnh; c. Cho php lp tm chn nc cao su d dng;d. Lm vn khun to hnh khi cho tm panel bo v panel mi khi o tm bn cn

gi dc v sinh cho khp ni.

6. H mc n c ngm:Cc cng trnh c t ng h m su c thi cng t i nhng khu v c c m c n c ngm cao,

khi n c ngm bn ngoi cng nh bn trong cng trnh c th thm thu vo trong cngtrnh gy nh h ng r t ln n qu trnh thi cng mng cng nh cc sn tng h m. V v y h thng thot n c ngm /x l n c ngm c tnh ton v thi cng tr c khi thi cng mng/sntng hm nh m m bo iu kin kh ro cho cng trnh trong su t qu trnh thi cng cng nh

m b o an ton cho nh ng cng trnh ln c n khi m c n c ng m xung quanh cng trnh b h xung c th l nguyn nhn gy ln, n t cc cng trnh ln c n.

H thng ny s bao gm mt h thot n c ngm/n c mt cho cng trnh v m t h thng bm b n c ngm pha ngoi xung quanh cng tr ng.

7. Thit b thi cng: Danh sch y ca thit b cn thit thc hin cng vi c c cho sau y:

- Cu o bnh xch Pinguely GT155 hoc tng ng.

- Gu ngo m.- Thi t b tr n bentonite: m t my tr n vi bm Mission 3x4R. - Thi t b ti ch bentonite: m t my sn ct Caviem 100m 3/h ho c tng ng. - Lu tr bentonite: 3 - 4 silo s c cha 80m 3.- Cu phc v bnh xch: m t cu v i ti tr ng 25 t n.- Cc lo i bm v ng betong tremie.- Giong CWS. - Vn phng, kho.
http://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/V%C3%A1n_khu%C3%B4nhttp://vi.ketcau.wikia.com/wiki/V%C3%A1n_khu%C3%B4n


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PHN V. V D TNG VY:

1.Gi i thiu cng trnh:

1.1c im

H nh1. Ph i cnh t ng th ca cng trnh.

o Chung c Happy Valley gm 27 t ng bao g m: 1 t ng h m, 25 t ng ni v 1tng mi.

o Kch th c cng trnh: chi u di 32.4 m, chi u r ng 18.2 m. o Din tch sn xy d ng: 16310.16 m 2.

o c thit k gm: 1 kh i v i 92 cn h. o Bao g m 2 thang my 2 thang b .

o Tng tr t v t ng 1 b tr thng mi d ch v. o Cao 0.000 m c chn ti cao mt t t nhin, cao mt y sn

tng hm hon thi n -5.20m, cao nh cng trnh +83.40m.


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1.2 V tro V tr xy d ng: 1422Nguy n Vn Linh, Ph ng 7, Qu n 7, Tp.HCM.

H nh 2. V tr c a d n

1.3 a cht cng trnh Mt ct kho st a cht :

H nh 3. M t ct a ch t


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K t qu thng k a cht:

B ng 1. K t qu thng k a ch t


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Hnh 4.Tit din quy i

Thng s tng vy khi quy i tit din

B ng 3. Thng s t ng vy

2.3 Thng s thanh chng

B ng 4. Thng s Thanh ch ng t ng vy

2.4 Ph ti mt t:Ti tr ng cng trnh li n k v thi t b thi cng c qui i thnh t i phn b

u v i c ng ly q = 10kN/m2 v cch mp ngoi t ng vy l 1.0m, t cao 0.00


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2.5 Cc b c m phng trong phn mm Plaxis

H nh 5. M ph ng cc Phase b ng ph n m m Plaxis 8.2


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H nh 8. Cc giai on thi cng

2.6 Ni l c trong h thanh chngn v: kN/m

B ng 5. Ni l c trong h thanh


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2.7 Biu Ni L c v Chuyn V Ngang T ng Vy

H nh 9. Biu N i L c v Chuy n V


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Bng Tng H p K t Qu Cc Gi Tr

B ng 6. T ng h p gi tr N i L c v Chuy n V Nhn xt:

T k t qu m hnh bng PLAXIS ta thy v i phng n thi cnga ra m bo iu kin:

o Chuy n v l n nht hmax = 38.93 mm < [h] = H/200 = 40 mm o Chuy n v l n nht nh t ng vy hnh = 11.91 mm < [hnh] = 25.4 mm

3.Tnh ton ct thp t ng vy.o T bng ni lc ca cc giai on thi cng o t trong t ng tng hm, ta tm c momet l n nht, gi tr lc ct l n max cc giai on ny nh sau:

o Cc D600, L= 18 m, Mmax= 317.19 kN.m/m, Qmax= 180.83 kN/m. o Ta tnh thp cho ti t din HCN quy i bxh=1x0.506(m). o Chn chiu dy l p b tng b o v l a = 5cm

3.1 Tnh ton ct thp dc chu l c: Vt liu:

B tng B25 c E = 3.10 7 kN/m 2

R b =14.5.103 kN/m

2

R bt = 1050 kN/m2

Thp AI c: R sw = 210.10

3 kN/m

2

Thp AII c: R s = 280.103 kN/m

2

Tnh ton: H s iu kin lm vic b = 0.8


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Din tch ct thp chu l c:

K t qu tnh c bng sau:

B ng 7. K t qu tnh ton c t thp

o Theo nh quy i ban u th 1m chi u di t ng vy c 1.67 c c khoan nh i. Vy din tch thp t i thiu trong m i cc t ng vy l

o Chn b tr thp 20 (as = 3.14 cm 2)

o Chn n = 12 cy As-b tr = 12 x 3.14 = 37.68 cm 2 3.2 Tnh ton ct ai:

o Gi tr lc ct l n nht Qmax = 180.83 (kN) o Kim tra iu kin tnh ton:


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o So snh: Qmax< Q b , lc ct y hon ton do b tng ch u , ch cn b tr thp ai cu to.

+ Chn thp ai xon 12a200 + B tr ct thp:

H nh 10. B tr c t thp c c 4. So snh cc phng n t ng vy

V i cng mt phng n o t v ging chng nh trn, la chn phng n t ng vy t i u hn ( v chuyn v , n nh h o v kinh t ). Ln l t m hnh tng t nh trn v i chiu su t ng vy ln l t l: 10m (ngm 2m), 14m ( ngm 4m), 16m ( ngm 8m), 18m ( ngm 10m) v 20m ( ngm 12m). L y cc tiu ch v chuyn v h o, t ng vy, M-ment trong t ng vy, n nh ca h o v tnh kinh t ta c k t qu nh sau:

B ng 8. So snh cc phng n t ng vy


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H nh 11. Biu quan h gi a chi u su ngm v chuy n v

H nh 12. Biu quan h gi a chi u su ngm v Moment


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H nh 17. Pht tri n d o tr ng h p L = 16m ( Ngm 8m).

H nh 18. Pht tri n d o tr ng h p L = 18m ( Ngm 10m).

H nh 19. Pht tri n d o tr ng h p L = 20m ( Ngm 12m). Nhn xt:

o Khi Lngm cng l n th n nh ca h o cng l n, nhng Moment xut o hin trong t ng ch n s tng theo. Nhng i v i h o ang kho st khi tng o chiu su t ng vy qu l n cng khng mang nhi u ngha, cha k t i vic tng o chiu di t ng vy s tn km v kh khn hn trong thi cng.

K t lun: o m bo s lm vi c ca h o ( v n nh, chuy n v ) cng nh

tn dng c kh nng lm vic ca t ng vy, ta la chn phng n Lngm = 8m


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5.Kim tra n nh h o

5.1 iu kin chuyn v t ng vyT k t qu phn tch c a phn mm PLAXIS ta c b ng tng h p sau :

B ng 9. T ng h p chuy n v

5.2 Bin dng t nn

H nh 20. Phase 3: o t t i cao -1m, d max = 10.62mm

H nh 21. Phase 3: o t t i cao -1m, ln 7.27mm


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H nh 2a2 . Phase 6: o t t i cao -4m, d max = 27.01mm.

H nh 22b . Phase 6: o t t i cao -4m, tr i 33.23mm.

H nh 23 . Phase 9: o t t i cao -7m, d max = 38.91mm.

H nh 24. Phase 9: o t t i cao -7m, tr i 34.00mm.


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Trong :cm, m l lc dnh huy ng v gc ma st huy ng v gc ma st huy ng.+ Fm< 1: C ng chu ct c huy ng ht nhng nn vn b ph ho i+ Fm = 1: C ng chng ct c huy ng va ht. t nn tr ng thi cn b ng.+ Fm> 1: C ng chng ct ca t cha cn huy ng ht nhng t nn vn lm vi c tt.+ Theo kinh nghi m ly Fm = 1.4 1.6

S dng ch c nng phn tch an ton (Safety Analysis) ca PLAXIS (Thng

qua cc phase 10, 11, 12 phn tch Phi c redution) ta c k t qu nh sau:

H nh 25. H s an ton t i Point A( nh h o): minM sf = 2.593

H nh 26 . H s an ton Point B (bng h o): minM sf = 2.593

H nh 27. H s an ton Point C (y h o): minM sf = 2.593


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B ng nh gi

B ng 10. T ng hp nh gi K t lun: H o tha iu kin theo tr ng thi gi i hn ph ho i.

6. Quy trnh thi cng tng hm

Mt bng b tr mng cc Khoan Nhi

H nh 28. M t b ng mng c c Khoan Nh i


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H nh 29. M t b ng b tr mng c c Khoan Nh i

H nh 30. M t c t b tr mng M10 T kho st k thut bng phn mm, l a chn phng n thi cngo t v i

cc b c nh sau:


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6.1 Giai on 1 Thi cng t ng vy, c c khoan nh i (cho mng).

H nh 31. Thi cng t ng vy6.2 Giai on 2 H mc n c ngm t i cao -2m v o t t i cao -1m.

H nh 32. H M c n c ng m6.3 Giai on 3 Thi cng h dm m t ng vy v l p thanh ch ng ti cao -1.0m.

H nh 33. Thi cng h dm m t ng vy v l p thanh ch ng ti cao -1.0m.


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6.4 Giai on 4 H mc n c ngm t i cao -6m v o t t i cao -5m.

H nh 34. H mc n c ng m t i cao -6m v o t t i cao -5m.

6.5 Giai on 5: Lp thanh chng ti cao -5.0m.

6.6 Giai on 6: H mc n c ngm t i cao -9m v o t t i cao -8m.

H nh 35. H mc n c ng m t i cao -9m v o t t i cao -8m.


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