DUY THỨC HỌC

DUY THC HC

Trang s: - 2 -

Trang s: - 3 -

A. DUY THC HC NHP MN

Ngi THIN THN B Tt to lun

Ngi HUYN TRANG Php s dch ch Phn ra ch Hn

Sa mn THCH THIN HOA dch li ch Vit v lc gii.

LI NI U

Gio l ca Pht c n tm vn bn nghn (84.000) php mn, chia ra

lm mi tn, chung quy ch c hai loi: Php tnh v Php tng. Duy

thc tn thuc v Php tng. Nghin cu, phn tch, tm hiu Duy

thc tn gi l Duy thc hc. Mn hc ny l mt mn trit hc rt cao

siu v rng ri, nn t xa n nay khng bit bao nhiu hc gi

phi bp trn nn u v n.

Ci kh khn trong vic nghin cu Duy thc c nhiu nguyn nhn:

1. Rt nhiu danh t chuyn mn mi l m hc gi cha quen nghe.

2. Phn tch cc hnh tng v tm l cng nh vt cht rt nhiu v

qu t m, lm cho hc gi kh nh.

3. Sch v Duy thc qu nhiu, hc gi khng bit nn xem quyn no

trc, quyn no sau.

4. Nhng sch y phn nhiu l sch ch Hn, vn li qu c nn ngi

nay kh hc.

5. Phi c tu qun mi hiu r c Duy thc. V nhng nguyn nhn

trn, hc gi phn ng nh b l mt mn trit hc thm thy, cao

siu l Duy thc hc!

Mun nghin cu mn hc ny mt cch c hiu qu, cn phi c

phng php v ngi hng dn.

Chng ti cn nh, khi ang tng hc ti Pht hc ng Lng Xuyn

(Vnh Bnh), mt hm S c Tuyn Linh (L Khnh Ha) Gim c Pht

Trang s: - 4 -

hc ng Lng Xuyn a cho chng ti quyn i tha b php

minh mn lun v dy rng:

Duy thc l mt mn hc kh v cng. Vn chng kh, danh t li

nhiu v hnh tng Tm vng, Tm s cng rt phin phc. Ti

ba nm nghin cu b Thnh Duy thc lun, m nh ngi i vo rng

rm, khng tm c li ra. n nm inh Mo nh ban t chc trng

hng cha Long Khnh Quy Nhn mi ti lm Php S. Ti c

may mn gp Ha thng Thp Thp. Ti thut li s kh khn trong

vic nghin cu Thnh Duy thc ca ti. Ha thng Thp Thp nghe

xong, em biu ti quyn i tha b php minh mn lun chu ngn

v ni: Ti biu Ngi mt ci cha kha m kho Duy thc. Ngi

nghin cu Duy thc m trc khng c Lun ny, th cng

nh ngi g ni t ri m khng tm c mi. Vy Ngi nn c

quyn Lun ny cho k ri nghin cu Thnh Duy thc, Ngi s thy d

dng

Trang s: - 5 -

d hiu. Quyn Duy thc nhp mn ny, nh danh ca n nu

ln, s hng dn qu v c gi i vo ng ca ca ta nh Duy thc.

Qu c gi hy c v nh k quyn sch ny. V quyn sch ny ch

ni v gii thch v cc danh t chuyn mn ca Duy thc. Cng nh

ngi hc thuc, trc phi hc cc tn thuc v tnh dc; ri tip tc

c nhng quyn Duy thc hc tp I, II, III< (m Hng o xut

bn), th qu v s thy mnh ang bc dn mt cch d dng v th v

ln ta lu i rc r v s ca Duy thc.

Mong qu v s chng t c mc ch.

Bin ti Pht Hc ng Nam Vit

Mnh ng nm Mu Tut (1958)

Sa mn THCH THIN HOA

Trang s: - 6 -

BI TH NHT

I. LUN I THA TRM PHP

(Trch yu Bi ny nn hc thuc lng)

PHN TH NHT

CHNH VN

Hi: Nh li Pht dy: "Tt c cc php u v ng". Vy ci g l "Tt c

php" v sao gi l "v ng" ?

p: Tt c cc php tuy nhiu, nhng tm li c 100 php, chia lm 5

loi:

I. Tm php (C 8 mn)

II. Tm s hu php (C 51 mn)

III. Sc php (C 11 mn)

IV. Tm bt tng ng hnh php (C 24 mn)

V. V vi php (C 6 mn)

LC GII

I. TM PHP HOC GI L TM VNG C 8 MN

1. Nhn thc (ci bit ca mt)

2. Nh thc (ci bit ca tai)

3. T thc (ci bit ca mi)

4. Thit thc (ci bit ca li)

5. Thn thc (ci bit ca thn)

6. thc (ci bit ca )

7. Mt na thc (Thc th 7)

8. A li da thc (Thc th 8)

II. TM S HU PHP, GI TT L TM S, C 51 MN, PHN

LM 6 LOI:

1. Bin thnh, c nm: Xc, Tc , Th, Tng, T.

2. Bit cnh, c nm: Dc, Thng gii, Nim, nh, Hu.

Trang s: - 7 -

3. Thin, c mi mt: Tn, Tm, Qu, V tham, V sn, V si, Tinh

tn, Khinh an, Bt phng dt, Hnh x, Bt hi.

4. Cn bn phin no, c su: Tham, Sn, Si, Mn, nghi, c kin.

5. c kin li chia lm nm: Thn kin, Bin kin, T kin, KIn th,

Gii cm th.

6. Tu phin no, c 20 mn, chia lm ba loi:

a) Tiu tu, c 10: Phn, Hn, Ph, No, Tt, Xan, Cung, Sim,

Hi, Kiu.

Trung tu, c 2: V tm, V qu.

b) i tu, c 8: Tro c, Hn trn, Bt tn, Gii i, Phng dt,

Tht nim, Tn lon, Bt chnh tri.

7. Bt nh, c bn mn: Hi, Min, Tm, T.

III. SC PHP, C 11 MN:

Nm cn: Nhn cn, Nh cn, T cn, Thit cn v Thn cn.

Su trn: Sc trn, Thinh trn, Hng trn, V trn, Xc trn v Php

trn.

IV. TM BT TNG NG HNH PHP, GI TT L "BT

TNG NG HNH", C 24 MN:

c, Mng cn, Chng ng phn, Di sanh tnh, V tng nh, Dit

tn nh, V tng bo, Danh thn, C thn, Vn thn, Sanh, Tr, Lo,

V thng, Lu chuyn, nh d Tng ng. Th tc, Th , Thi,

Phng, S, Ha hip tnh, Bt ho hip tnh.

V. V VI PHP, C 6 MN:

H khng v vi, Trch dit v vi, Phi trch dit v vi, Bt ng dit v

vi, Tng th dit v vi, Chn nh v vi.

Nguyn vn ch Hn

Nht th ti thng c

D th tng ng c

Trang s: - 8 -

Nh s hin nh c

Tam v sai bit c

T s hin th c

Nh th t .

Dch ngha:

Th lp nh vy: Tm vng hn tt c. Tm vng cng Tm s hp

nhau. Do hai mn: Tm vng v Tm s, m hin ra nh tng l "sc

php". Do ba mn: Tm vng, Tm s v Sc php, m thnh ra 24

mn sai khc l "Bt tng ng hnh". Do bn mn: Tm vng, Tm

s, Bt tng ng hnh, u thuc v Php Hu vi, nn hin ra 6 Php

V vi.

LC GII

Tm li, ngoi nhn hi: "Ci g l tt c php ? i , Lun ch tr li:

Cc php tuy nhiu, nhng c lc ch c mt trm php, phn lm 5

loi:1. Tm vng c 8; 2. Tm s c 5; 3. Sc php c 11; 4. Bt tng

ng hnh c 24; 5. V vi php c 6. Trong 5 loi, li chia lm hai: Bn

loi trn thuc v Php Hu vi, loi th 5 thuc v php V vi.

Trn nguyn vn ni "tt c php" tc l php Hu vi v v vi vy. T

trc n y Lun ch tr li xong cu hi th nht: "Ci g l tt c

php".

V mun cho hc gi d nh, nn C nhn c lm bi k bn cu, tm li

100 php nh vy:

Sc php thp nht, tm php bt,

Ng thp nht c tm s php

Nh thp t chng bt tng ng,

Lc c V vi thnh b php.

Trang s: - 9 -

Dch ngha:

Sc php mi mt, Tm php tm,

Nm mi mt mn Tm s php,

Hai mi mt mn Bt tng ng,

Su mn V vi thnh trm php.

***

PHN TH HAI

Lun ch tr li cu hi th hai: "Sao gi l v ng?"

CHNH VN

Ni "v ng", lc c 2 mn:

1. Nhn v ng, 2. Php v ng.

LC GII

Chng sinh chp thn, tm ny tht l mnh (ta), nh th l "Nhn ng" ;

chp ni, sng, t, nc, tt c s vt bn ngoi l tht c, nh th l

"Php ng".

V "nhn" khng tht c v "Php" cng khng tht c, nn Pht gi

rng: "Tt c Php v ng"; tc l "Nhn khng tht" v "Php khng

tht" vy.

Nh th l Lun ch tr li xong cu hi th hai: "Th no l v

ng".

Trang s: - 10 -

BI TH HAI

2. LUN I THA TRM PHP (tip theo)

Nguyn vn ch Hn

Nh Th Tn ngn:

"Nht th php v ng".

H dng nht th php ?

Vn h vi v ng ?

Dch ngha:

Nh li c Th Tn ni:

"Tt c Php khng tht".

Vy, ci g l "tt c Php"?

V sao gi l "khng tht"?

LC GII

Ch "PHP" tc l tt c s vt t tinh thn ln vt cht, no Thnh

Phm chn vng, hu tnh v tnh, hu hnh v hnh, hu vi v vi,

v.v...u gi l Php.

Dch ng theo vn Tu: "Phm ci g, t n c th gi c hnh dng

hay khun kh ca n, lm cho ngi, khi trng n n, bit l vt g,

th gi l "Php" (Nhm tr t tnh, qu sanh vt gii).

Ch "NG" l Ta hay Ti. Phm ni "Ta" th phi hai iu kin: 1. T

ti hay t ch, 2. C th sp t sai khin mi vic. Nh th mi c

gi "Ta". Nhng ch "v ng" y, nn hiu ngha l "khng tht" th

r hn.

Trang s: - 11 -

***

Trang s: - 12 -

PHN TH NHT, NI 100 PHP

Nguyn vn ch Hn

Nht th php gi, lc hu ng chng:

Nht gi Tm php,

Nh gi Tm s hu php,

Tam gi Sc php,

T gi Tm bt tng ng hnh php,

Ng gi V vi php.

Dch ngha

Ni tt c Php c nm mn:

1. Tm php

2. Tm s hu php

3. Sc php

4. Tm bt tng ng hnh php

5. V vi php

LC GII

Ch "TM" c nhiu ngha, nhng tm li c 6 ngha:

1. Tp khi: Cha nhm v pht khi. Ngha ny thuc v thc th Tm

(Tng thc). V thc ny c cng nng "cha nhm" chng t ca cc

php, ri "pht khi" ra hin hnh.

Trang s: - 13 -

2. Tch tp: Cha nhm. Ngha ny thuc v by thc trc. V by thc

trc c cng nng "cha nhm" cc php hin hnh hun vo Tng

thc.

Tri li, By th`c trc cng c ngha "tp khi" (cha nhm v pht

khi), v by thc trc c cng nng "cha nhm" cc php hin hnh,

hun vo Tng thc, "khi thnh" chng t.

Thc th Tm cng c ngha "tch tp" (cha nhm), v thc th Tm c

cng nng "cha nhm" chng t ca cc php vy.

3. Duyn l: Duyn cnh, khi phn bit. Tm thc u t duyn ci

cnh tng phn ca mnh, ri khi ra phn bit (l).

4. Thc: Hiu bit phn bit. C tm thc u c cng dng hiu bit

phn bit.

5. :Sanh dit tng tc khng gin on. C tm thc u nim nim

sanh dit tng tc khng gin on.

6. Tm, v Thc: V y theo c tnh ca mi thc, th thc th Tm v

ngha"Tch tp" th thng, nn gi l"Tm"; thc th By v ngha"sanh

dit tng tc" th thng, nn gi l "" v su thc trc v ngha phn

bit th thng nn goi l:Thc".

Ch "TM PHp": Php thuc v Tm. V 8 mn Tm ny c cng nng

th thng hn ht; cng nh ng Vua c oai quyn th lc, thng tr

thin h, cho nn cng gi l "Tm vng".

***

NGI HC NN HC THUC LNG NHNG DANH T SAU

Y:

I. Ba cnh: a) Tnh cnh, b) c nh cnh, c) i cht cnh.

II. Ba lng: a) Hin lng, b) T lng, c) Phi lng.

III. Ba tnh: a) Thin tnh, b) c tnh, c) V k tnh.

Trang s: - 14 -

IV. Ba th: a) Kh th, b) Lc th, c) X th.

V.Nm th: a) Kh th, b) Lc th, c) u th, d) H th, ) X th.

VI. Tm c bn phn: a) Tng phn, b) Kin phn, c)T chng phn, d)

Chng t chng phn.

VII. 51 mn Tm s, phn lm 6 v:

a) Bin hnh, c 5

b) Bit cnh, c 5

c) Thin, c 11

d) Cn bn phin no, c 6

e)Tu phin no, c 20

g) Bt nh, c 4

a) Dc gii: 1. Ng th tp c a.

2. Ly, sanh h lc a.

3. nh, sanh h lc a.

VIII. Ba gii b) Sc gii: 4. Ly h, diu lc a.

v chn a 5. X nim thanh tnh a

6. Khng v bin x a

7. Thc v bin x a

c) V sc gii: 8.V s hu x a

9.Phi tng phi ph tng x a.

T lng vi:

1. Thp tr, 2. Thp hnh,

Trang s: - 15 -

3. Thp hi hng.

a) Hin: T gia hnh v:

1. Non, 2. nh, 3. Nhn,

4. Th nht.

IX. B tt

1. Hoan h a,

2. Ly cu a, c hai

3. Pht quang a,

4. Dim hu a,

5. Nan thng a,

6. Hin b) Thnh: tin a,

7. Vinhnh a,

8. Bt ng a,

9. Thin hu a,

10. Php vn a.

X. Tm thc v cc duyn:

Nhn thc, c 9 duyn: 1. H khng, 2. nh sng, 3. Cn, 4. Cnh, 5. Tc

, 6. Phn bit y, 7. Nhim tnh y, 8. Cn bn y, 9. Chng t.

Nh thc, c 8 duyn: Cc duyn cng ng nh Nhn thc trn, ch tr

" nh sng".

Ba thc: T, Thit v Thn, li cn c 7 duyn: Cc duyn ng nh

Nhn thc trn, ch bt 2 duyn l H khng v nh sng.

Trang s: - 16 -

thc,c 5 duyn: 1. Cn, 2. Cnh, 3. Tc , 4. Cn bn y, 5. Chng t.

Mt na thc, c 3 duyn: 1. Cn cnh, 2. Tc , 3. Chng t.

A li da thc, c 3 duyn: 1. Cn (Mt na), 2. Cnh (thn cn, kh gii v

chng t), 3. Tc , 4. Chng t.

V mun d nh, nn C nhn c bi tng nh sau:

Nhn thc cu duyn sanh

Nh thc duy tng bt

T, Thit, Thn tam,tht

Hu tam; ng, tam, t

Dch ngha

Nhn thc chn duyn

Nh thc ch cn tm

T, Thit, Thn c by

Sau ba; nm, ba bn

LC GII

Nhn thc c chn duyn; Nh thc ch c 8 duyn; T, Thit v Thn

ba thc ny li c 7 duyn; cn ba thc sau th thc th 6 c 5 duyn,

thc th 7 c 3 duyn v thc th 8 c 4 duyn. (Thc th 7 ly kin

phn ca A li da thc lm cnh; Thc th 8 ly cn thn, kh gii v

chng t lm cnh).

Trang s: - 17 -

BI TH BA

3. TM VNG

(C TM MN)

Tm mn tm ny rt th thng,t ti v t ch; cng nh v Quc

vng, nn gi l Tm vng(nht th ti thng c)

NM THC TRC

(TIN NG THC)

1. Nhn thc: Ci bit ca con mt. V thc ny nng Nhn cn, khi ra

tc dng phn bit v sc trn, nn gi l "Nhn thc".

2. Nh thc: Ci bit cal tai. V thc ny nng Nh cn, khi ra tc

dng phn bit v thinh trn, nn gi l "Nh thc".

3. T thc: Ci bit cami. V thc ny nng T cn, khi ra tc dng

phn bit v hng trn, nn gi l "T thc".

4. Thit thc: Ci bit cali. V thc ny nng Thit cn, khi ra tc

dng phn bit v vi trn, nn gi l "Thit thc".

5. Thn thc: Ci bit cathn. V thc ny nng thn cn, khi ra tc

dng phn bit v xc trn, nn gi l "Thn thc".

Trong 8 thc Tm vng. V 5 thc ny bn ngoi v trc, nn cng

gi l "Tin ng thc" (nm thc trc).

KHI A V PHM PHU NM THC NY I VI:

1. Ba cnh: Nm thc ny ch c"Tnh cnh"

2. Ba lng: Nm thc ny ch c"Hin lng"

3. Ba tnh: Nm thc ny c 3 tnh: Thin,c v V k.

4. Nm th: Nm thc ny ch c 3 th: Kh, Lc v X th.

Trang s: - 18 -

5. Ba ci: ci Dc th nm thc ny c, n ci Sc ch cn thc:

Nhn,Nh v Thn; v hai thc T v Thit khng hin hnh(Nhn, Nh,

Thn tam Nh a c).

6. Chn a: Nm thc ny ch trong hai a: 1. Ng th tp c a, tc

l ci Dc thuc v S a. 2. Ly sanh h lc a, ci Sc, thuc S thin

gi l Nh a.

7. Nm mi mt Tm s: Nm thc ny ch tng ng 34 tm s: 5

mn bin hnh, 5 mn bit cnh, 11 mn Thin, 3 mn Cn bn phin

no, 2 mn Trung tu v 8 mn i tu.

8. :Chn duyn:Nhn thc 9 duyn, Nh thc ch cn 8 duyn (thiu

Minh), 3 thc T, Thit v Thn ch c 7 duyn ( thiu Minh v Khng ).

9. Th: Th ca 5 thc ny, ch c T tnh phn bit, khng c Tu nim

phn bit v K t phn bit.

10. Tng: Thc vi cn kh phn (ngu gi nan phn thc d cn).

11. Nghip dng: Duyn trn cnh. Song 2 thc: Nhn v Nh phi cch

trn cnh mi phn bit c. Cn 3 thc: T, Thit v Thn phi hip

vi trn cnh mi phn bit c.

KHI LN THNH V NM THC NY I VI:

1. Qun hnh (tu): Khi ln Thnh v, th 5 thc ny chuyn thnh "Hu

c tr", v bin ra ci Tng phn ca 2 mn chn nh (Sanh khng

chn nh v php khng chn nh) m qun (duyn).

2. on hoc v chuyn thnh tr: Khi thc th 8 chuyn thnh "i

vin cnh tr", th cc cn c v lu; lc by gi 5 thc ny cng c

v lu v chuyn lm "Thnh s tc tr".

3. Chng qu v diu dng: Khi chng qu v Pht th 5 thc ny

chuyn lm "Thnh s tc tr". Lc by gi n c cng dng ho hin ra

3 loi thn gio ho v dt tr cc kh sanh t lun hi cho chng

sanh.

Trang s: - 19 -

BA LOI THN:

1. Thn i ho tc l Thng ng thn. Thn ny cao 1.000 trng,

gio ho hng i tha B Tt.

2. Thn Tiu ho tc l Lit ng thn. Thn ny cao mt trng su

thc, gio ho hng Tam hin B Tt cng Nh tha v phm phu.

3. Thn Tu loi ho. Thn ny tu theo loi chng sanh m ho hin.

*

V mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn trong Bt thc Qui c, Ngi Huyn

Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng tm tt li 5 thc nh sau. Hai bi

tng u l ni 5 thc ny khi cn a v phm phu, bi tng th 3 l

ni khi ln Thnh v.

Bi tng th nht

Tnh cnh, Hin lng, thng tam Tnh

Nhn, Nh, Thn tam Nh a c

Bin hnh, Bit cnh, Thin thp nht

Trung nh, i bt, Tham, Sn, Si

Dch ngha

Tnh cnh, Hin lng, thng ba Tnh

Nhn, Nh, Thn ba Nh a

Bin hnh, Bit cnh, Thit mi mt

Trung hai, i tm, Tham, Sn, Si

LC GII

Trong 3 Cnh th 5 thc ny ch c "Tnh cnh"; trong 3 lng n ch c

"Hin lng"; cn 3 Tnh th n c Thin, c v V k.

Trang s: - 20 -

ci Dc l S a, th c 5 thc. Ln ci Sc v Nh a, th ch cn 3

thc l: Nhn, Nh v Thn.

Ni v Tm s, th 5 thc ny tng ng vi 34 mn: 5 mn Bin hnh, 5

mn Bit cnh, 11 mn Thin, 2 mn Trung tu, 8 mn i tu v 3 mn

Cn bn phin no l: Tham, Sn, Si.

Bi tng th hai

Ng thc ng y Tnh sc cn

Cu duyn, bt, tht ho tng ln

Hip tam, ly nh, qun trn th

Ngu gi nan phn thc d cn

Dch ngha

Nm thc ng nng Tnh sc cn

Chn, tm, by duyn a gn nhau

Ba hip, hai ri, duyn trn cnh

Ngu gi kh phn Thc v Cn .

LC GII

Cn, c 2 loi: 1. Ph trn cn:Cn th ph bn ngoi. 2. Tnh sc cn:

cn thanh tnh tinh t bn trong; cng gi l "Thng ngha cn", v cn

ny rt th thng.

Nm thc u nng 5 cn Tnh sc v nh c cc duyn mi sanh ra

c. Nh Nhn thc nh 9 duyn, Nh thc ch cn 8 duyn, T, Thit

v Thn mi thc ch c 7 duyn.

Ba thc: T, Thit v Thn phi hip vi trn cnh mi duyn c; cn

2 thc l Nhn v Nh phi cch h trn cnh mi duyn c.

Trang s: - 21 -

Chng phm phu v hng Nh tha v chp php nng n, nn kh

phn bit ci no l Thc v ci no l Cn. V th, m c hai u b gi

l "Ngu gi".

Bi tng th ba

Bin tng qun khng duy hu c

Qu trung du t bt thuyn chn

Vin minh s pht thnh V lu

Tam loi phn thn tc kh lun.

Dch ngha

Tr Hu c bin tng khng, qun (duyn)

Khi chng qu cn chng ni chn

Vin minh va pht thnh V lu

Phn thn ba loi, dt kh lun.

LC GII

Nm thc ny khng c "Cn bn tr" m ch c "Hu c tr". Khi duyn

chn nh th n ch bin li tng phn ca hai mn chn nh (Sanh

khng chn nh v Php khng chn nh) m duyn, ch khng th

trc tip thn duyn c; v n khng c "Cn bn tr" nn khng th

thn duyn.

Khi chng c Thnh qu, cng khng th ni "Nm thc ny thn

duyn c chn nh", hung chi l trong lc tu nhn.

n khi thc th Tm va chuyn thnhi vin cnh tr (vin minh s

pht) th 5 thc ny thnh V lu. Lc by gi, 5 thc ny c cng dng

Trang s: - 22 -

hin ra ba loi thn ho v dt tr cc kh sanh t lun hi cho

chng sanh.

Cu "Bin tng khng qun": Bin li tng chn nh m duyn. Ch

"Tng khng" l tng Ng khng v Php khng tc l Chn nh

(nh khng chn nh). Ch "Qun" l duyn. Ngha l:Tr Hu c ny

ch bin li tng chn nh m duyn.

Ch "Ni Chn": Ngha l ni thn duyn Chn nh.

BI TH T

4. THC

(THC TH SU)

Thc ny nng cn (thc th 7) khi tc dng phn bit Php trn,

nn gi l " thc".

Trong tm thc duy c thc th Su ny rt lanh l v khn ngoan hn

ht, nn trong bi th Bt thc c cu rng:"c hu nht c ti linh ly"

(ring c mt ci thc rt lanh l). Suy ngh lm vic phi, thc ny

ng u; cn tnh ton to tc vic c, th n cng hn c. Bi th nn

trong Duy thc ni:"Cng vi th, ti vi khi" (Ni v "Cng" th thc

ny hn ht, cn lun v "Ti" th n cng ng u). Thc ny cng c

cng nng chp Ng v chp Php.

Mt iu m ngi hc thng thc mc: Ti sao thc th Su gi l "

thc", m thc th By cng gi l " thc"? trong i tha b php

minh mn lun chu ngn, c gii thch nh vy: Thc th Su m gi

l " thc" v thc ny nng " cn" m khi ra phn bit, nn gi "

thc". Ngha l thc ca cn. "Thc" l nng y, cn"" l b y, hai phn

khc nhau.cng nh ni "Nhn thc", tc l thc ca Nhn cn. Th l

cn vi thc khc nhau.

Cn thc th By m gi l " thc"; ch "" l sanh dit tng tc

khng gin on. V thc ny sanh dit tng tc khng gin on nn

gi l " thc". Th l "Thc" tc l "" khng khc. Cng nh "Tng

Trang s: - 23 -

thc", ch "Tng" l cha ng. V thc ny cha ng cc php, nn

gi l "Tng thc". Th l "Thc" tc l "Tng (cha) khng khc.

KHI I V PHM PHU, THC NY I VI:

1. Ba cnh: Thc ny c ba cnh:

a) Tnh cnh, b) c nh cnh, c) i cht cnh.

2. Ba lng: Thc ny c ba lng:

a) HIn lng, b) T lng, c) Phi lng.

3. Ba tnh: Thc ny c ba tnh:

a) Thin tnh, b) c tnh, c) V k tnh.

4. Ba ci: Thc ny c trong ba ci:

a) Ci dc, b) ci sc, c) ci V sc.

5.Chn a: Thc ny c trong chn a:

6. Tm s: Thc ny c 51 mn Tm s: 5 mn Bin hnh, 5 mn Bit

cnh, 11 mn Thin, 6 mn cn bn phin no, 20 mn Ty phin no, 4

mn Bt nh.

7. Chn duyn: Trong chn duyn, thuc ny ch c 5 duyn: a) Cn

duyn, b) Cnh duyn, c)Tc duyn, d)Cn bn duyn, e) Chng t

duyn.

8. Th (tnh): Th ca thc ny c ba mn phn bit: a)T tnh phn

bit, b)Tu nim phn bit, c) K t phn bit.

9. Tng: Tng ca thc ny l lun chuyn trong ba ci (tam gii lun

thi d kh tri).

10. Nghip dng: Nghip dng ca thc ny lm cho thn v ming to

ra dn nghip v mn nghip cm th qu bo trong ba ci. V ba

tnh cng nm Th, thc nt thng thay i lun.

Trang s: - 24 -

KHI LN THNH V, THC NY I VI

1. Qun hnh (tu): Thc th su ny qun sanh khng, ph tr ng chp

v qun php khng, ph tr php chp.

2. on hoc v thnh tr: Thc ny c nm giai on tr hoc chuyn

thnh tr:

a)n v T lng, th thc ny mi chinh phc c hai mn hin

hnh ca ng chp.

b)n v Kin o, th thc ny mi on c hai mn chng t v

phn phn bit ca ng chp v php chp.

c)n v Tu tp, thc ny on c hai mn hin hnh v chinh phc

c hai chng t cu sanh ca ng chp v php chp.

d)n v Vin hnh tr ln th thc ny mi on ht cu sanh ng chp

v hon ton v lu.

e)n v ng gic, thc ny on ht cu sanh php chp,chuyn thnh

Diu quan st tr.

3. Chng qu v diu dng: Khi chng qu v Pht, th thc ny chuyn

thnh Diu quan st tr v c cng nng chiu soi cn c ca chng sanh

trong i thin th gii, ri ty c thuyt php ho hm linh.

Mun cho ngi hc d nh, nn trong Bt thc quy c, ngi Huyn

Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng nh sau. Hai bi tng u, ni thc

ny khi i v Phm phu, bi tng th ba ni thc ny khi ng Thnh

qu.

Bi tng th nht

Tam Tnh, tam Lng thng tam Cnh

Tam gii lun thi di kh tri

Tng ng Tm s ng tht nht

Trang s: - 25 -

Thin c lm thi bit phi chi.

Dch nghi

Ba Tnh, ba Lng v ba Cnh

Lun chuyn ba ci rt d bit

Tm s tng ng nm mi mt

Thin c n thi ring phi hip.

LC GII

Thc th Su ny c ba Tnh, ba Lng v ba Cnh. N lun hi

trong ba ci rt d bit. Nhng Tm s tng ng vi thc ny c 51

mn. Khi thc ny ngh vic lnh th c Thin tm s ring phi hip,

cn khi ngh vic c th c c tm s ring phi hip.

***

Bi tng th hai

Tnh, Gii, Th tam hng chuyn dch

Cn, Ty, Tn dng ng tng lin

ng thn pht ng c vi ti

Dn, Mn nng chiu nghip lc khin.

Dch ngha

Tnh, Gii, Th ba thng bin i

Cn, Tu, Tn chung nhau lin tip

Trang s: - 26 -

Thn ng, ming tht n hn ht

Dn nghip, Mn nghip th qu bo

LC GII

Thc Ny i vi ba Tnh, ba Gii v nm Th th n thng thay i;

khi th vui lc li bun, ...51 mn Tm s, nh cn bn phin no, Tu

phin no v Thin tm s, ...cng nhau lin tip khng lc no ri thc

ny. Lm cho thn ng v ming ni, duy c thc ny l hn ht. N

to ra dn nghip v mn nghip chiu cm qu bo i sau.

Bi tng th ba

Pht khi s tm Hoan h a

Cu sanh du t hin trin min

Vin hnh a hu thun v lu

Qun st vin minh chiu i thin.

Dch ngha

Khi ng s tm Hoan h a

Cu sanh ng, php hin cn n

Vin hnh v sau thun v lu

Qun st vin mn khp i thin

LC GII

Hnh gi trong lc tri qua Thp thnh th th c ny c ba thi k on

phin no v thun v lu.

1. Khi ln S a, tc l Hoan h a, th phn bit ng chp v php

chp u on. Nhng cu sanh ng chp v php chp hy cn hin

hnh v min phc trong Tng thc, cha c th chinh phc v on tr

c.

Trang s: - 27 -

2. Khi n Vin hnh a (tc l Tht a) tr ln th mi on c

chng t cu sanh ca ng chp v chinh phc c hin hnh ca php

chp. Lc by gi thc ny mi thun V lu.

3. Khi sp ln qu Pht th on c chng t cu sanh ca php chp.

Lc by gi thc ny chuyn thnh Diu quan st tr, qun st chiu soi

c a thin th gii v tu theo cn c ca mi loi m thuyt php gio

ho.

Trang s: - 28 -

BI TH NM

5. MT NA THC

(THC TH BY)

Thc ny c nhiu tn: 1. Mt na (go theo nguyn m ting Phn), 2.

cn: Thc ny l cn ca thc (Thc th Su); V thc th Su nng

thc ny pht sanh. 3. Thc th By: Theo th th thc ny ng

nhm th By. 4. Truyn thng thc: V thc ny c cng nng truyn

cc php hin hnh. 5. thc, v thc ny sanh dit tng tc khng

gin on nn gi l "". Song, s ngi lm ln vi thc th Su, nn

thc th By ny ch gi l "", m khng thm ch "Thc". Thc ny

ch duyn kin phn cu thc A li da chp lm tht ng v tht php.

KHI I V PHM PHU, THC NY I VI:

1. Ba cnh: Thc ny ch c i cht cnh

2. Ba lng: Thc ny ch c Phi lng

3. Ba tnh: Thc ny ch c Hu ph V k tnh.

4. Ba gii: Trong ba Gii, thc ny u c .

5. Chn a: Trong chn a, thc ny c .

6.Tm s: Thc ny c 18 tm s: 5 mn Bin hnh, 1 mn Hu trong

Bit cnh, 4 mn cn bn phin no: Si, Kin, Mn, i v 8 mn i ty.

7.Chn duyn: Thc ny ch c ba duyn: 1. Cn cnh duyn. 2. Tc

duyn. 3. Chng t duyn.

8.Tnh: Hng thm xt v lo ngh (Hng thm t lng).

9. Tng: Lo ngh (T lng vi tnh tng)

10. Nghip dng: Lm ch cho 6 thc trc nng, hoc nhim hay

tnh.

Trang s: - 29 -

KHI LN THNH V THC NY I VI:

1. Qun hnh: Tht ra thc ny khng c nng lc on hoc, ch nh

thc th Su tu qun, on hoc, m thc ny cng c on.

2. on hoc v chuyn thnh tr:C ba giai on: a) n s a, th thc

ny mi va chinh phc c hai mn chp v phn cu sanh v chuyn

thnh Bnh ng tnh tr. b) Khi ln Bt a (V cng dng o) thc

ny on c cu sanh ng chp. c) n Kim Cang o th thc ny mi

on c cu sanh php chp

3. Chng qu v diu dng: Khi chng qu v Pht, th thc na hin ra

thn "Tha th dng", gio ho thp a B Tt.

***


Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng nh sau. Hai bi tng u, ni thc

ny khi i v Phm phu, bi tng th ba ni thc ny khi ln Thnh

qu.

Bi tng th nht

i cht hu ph thng tnh bn

Ty duyn chp ng, lng vi phi

Bt i Bin hnh, Bit cnh Hu

Tham, Si, Ng kin, Mn tng tu.

Dch ngha

i cht hu ph thng By, Tm

Ty duyn chp ng thuc Phi lng

Tm i, Bin hnh, Hu Bit cnh

Trang s: - 30 -

Tham, Si, Ng, Mn thng theo nhau

LC GII

Trong ba cnh, thc ny ch duyn v "i cht cnh". Ba tnh, thc ny

ch thuc v "Hu ph V k tnh". Cnh i cht ca thc ny l thng

c thc th By v thc th Tm. Ngha l thc th By dng kin phn

nng duyn ca mnh (Tc l Tm, trn nguyn vn bi tng ch Hn

gi l Tnh) duyn qua kin phn ca thc th Tm (kin phn thc th

Tm cng l Tm; song v b thc th By ly n lm "bn cht"

duyn, nn trn bi tng theo nguyn vn ch Hn go l "Bn", tc l

"Bn cht" vy), ri bin li "Cnh i cht". V th nn trong Duy thc

c cu:

"D tm duyn tm chn i cht

Trung gian tng phn lng u sanh"

Nghi l thc th By dng kin phn ca tm mnh, duyn qua kin

phn tm ca thc th Tm, nn chnh gia hai th c ny sanh ra mt

tng phn l cnh "Chn i cht".

Chng sanh ty vng nghip sanh trong Tam gii, th thc ny cng

theo m chp ng. Trong ba lng, thc ny thuc v phi lng.

V tm s th thc ny c 18 mn: 8 i ty, 5 mn Bin hnh v mt

mn Hu trong 5 mn Bit cnh vi 4 mn cn bn phin no l Tham,

Si, Mn v Ng kin.

Bi tng th hai

Hng thm t lng ng tng ty

Hu tnh nht d trn hn m

T hoc bt i tng ng khi

Lc chuyn h vi "Nhim tnh y"

Dch ngha

Trang s: - 31 -

Hng xt lo lng theo chp ng

Hu tnh ngy m b m mui

Bn hoc, tm i chung nhau khi

Su thc gi l "Nhim tnh y"

LC GII

Thc th By thng suy xt so o chp kin phn ca thc th Tm

lm ng. Trong Bt thc quy c tng Trang ch c ni:

Thc th Tm, c hng m khng thm xt.

Thc th By, va hng li va thm xt.

Thc th Su, c thm xt m khng hng.

Nm thc trc, khng hng v khng thm.

Cng v thc ny chp ng, nn chng hu tnh m mui trong sanh t

m di m chng t bit. Thc ny tng ng vi bn mn cn bn

phin no l: Si, Kin, Mn, i v 8 mn i tu. Su thc trc gi thc

ny l "Nhim tnh y" (Lc thc h vi nhim tnh y)

Bi tng th ba

Cc h s tm, bnh ng tnh

V cng dng hnh ng hng thi

Nh Lai hin khi tha th dng

Thp a B Tt s b ci (c)

Dch ngha

n S a, thnh "bnh ng tr"

n V cng dng, hng ph Ng

Trang s: - 32 -

Nh Lai hin thn "Tha th dng"

Gio ho hng Thp a B Tt.

LC GII

Hnh gi khi chng c Hoan h a, tc l S a, th thc ny

chuyn li thnh "Bnh ng tnh tr". n bt ng a, tc l a th

Tm, cng gi l "V cng dng hnh"; lc by gi hnh gi mi dp tr

chng t ca ng chp. n khi chng qu Pht, thc ny chuyn

thnh tr, hin ra thn "Tha th dng" gio ho hng Thp a B

Tt.

Trang s: - 33 -

BI TH SU

6. A LI DA THC (THC TH TM)

Thc ny c rt nhiu tn, khi c n lun "A na thc" qi v s hiu

r. Nay chng ti ch k s lc mt vi tn.

1. bt thc: Thc th tm. V theo th : mt l nhn thc, hai l nh

thc, cho n thc th Tm l thc ny, nn gi l bt thc.

2. A li da thc: Tu dch l "Tng thc": Thc ny c cng nng cha

ng chng t ca cc php. "Thc" l th, m "cha" l dng. Hip c

th v dng, nn gi l "thc cha" (Tng thc). C 3 ngha:

a. Nng tng: Nng cha. Thc ny co cng nng cha ng v gn gi

chng t (ht ging) ca cc php.

b. S tng: B cha. Thc ny l ch cha cc php.

c. Ng i chp tng, gi tt l "chp tng": Thc th By chp kin phn

ca thc ny lm Ta v thng i luyn.

KHI A V PHM PHU, THC NY I VI:

1. Ba cnh: Thc ny ch duyn v "V bn cht tnh cnh".

2. Ba lng: Thc ny ch c "hin lng"

3. ba tnh: Thc ny thuc v "V ph v k tnh".

4. Ba th: Thc ny ch c "X th".

5. Ba ci: Thc ny tu nghip lc dn sanh trong ba ci.

6. Chn a:Trong chn a u c thc ny.

7. Tm s: Thc ny ch tng ng vi 5 mn bin hnh; song trong 5

th th n ch c "X th".

Trang s: - 34 -

8. Chn duyn: thc ny ch c 4 duyn: a. Cn (Mt ma), b. Cnh (Cn

thn, th gii v chng t), c. Tc , d. Chng t.

9. Th (tnh): Vi vi khng cng (ho ho tam tng bt kh cng)

10. Tng: Thc ny nh vc su (uyn thm tht lnh cnh vi phong).

11. Nghip dng: Thc ny duy tr chng t cn thn, th gii v lm

ch th cc php hun vo.

KHI LN THNH V, THC NY I VI:

1. Qun hnh: (Khng c qun hnh).

2. on hoc v chuyn thnh tr: Khi ln "Bt ng a" (Bt a) th

hnh gi on c cu sanh Ng chp; lc by gi thc ny b ci tn

"Tng thc". n Kim Cang o ri, th hnh gi on ht cu sanh php

chp, khng cn cm th sanh t, cho nn cng khng cn tn l "D

thc thc"; v n a v ny th cc chng t hu lu ht. Lc by gi

thc ny c gi l "V cu thc", v chuyn thnh i vin cnh tr.

3. Chng qu v diu dng: V thc ny thnh i vin cnh tr, nn

chiu khp mi phng cc ci nc nhiu nh vi trn.


Trang Php s c lm ba bi tng tm li cc ngha trn nh sau. Hai

bi tng u ni thc ny khi cn a v phm phu, bi tng th ba,

ni khi ln thnh qu.

Bi tng th nht

Tnh duy v ph ng Bin thnh

Gii, a tu tha nghip lc sanh

Nh thabt liu nhn m chp

Do th nng hng Lun ch tranh

Dch ngha

Trang s: - 35 -

V ph tnh v nm Bin thnh

Ba ci, chn a tu nghip sanh

Nh tha khng r sanh m chp

Bi th nn chi Lun ch tranh (ci)

LC GII

Trong ba tnh, thc ny thuc v "V ph v k tnh". Trong 51 mn

tm s thc ny ch tng ng vi 5 mn Bin hnh, song trong 5 th th

n ch c X th. Tu theonghip lc ko dn, m thc ny sanh trong

ba ci v chn a. Hng Nh tha khng hiu, chp thc ny khng c.

Bi th nn Lun ch dn rt nhiu bng chng trong cc Kinh Lun

tranh lun, ch r v quyt nh phi c thc th Tm ny.

***

Bi tng th hai

Ho ho tam tng bt kh cng

Uyn thm tht lng cnh vi phong

Th hun tr chng cn thn kh

Kh hu lai tin tc chng ng

Dch ngha

Chi vi ba tng khng cng tt

Vc su, by sng, cnh lm gi

Chu hun, tr chng v thn cnh

n trc i sau lm ch ng

Trang s: - 36 -

LC GII

Ba tng l Nng tng, S tng v Ng i chp tng. Bi thc ny c cng

nng duy tr cc chng t, nn gi l "Nng tng". V thc ny l ch

chu cho cc php hin hnh hun vo, nn gi l "S tng". Thc th

By chp kin phn ca thc ny lm Ng, nn gi l "Ng i chp

tng".

Th v dng ca thc ny su rng v cng; hng phm phu v Nh

tha khng th thu tt. Chng hu tnh t v th n nay, cng do

thc ny m sanh t tng tc khng cng tt, nn trong bi tng ni:

"Vi vi ba tng khng cng tt".

Bin tng thc rt l su rng, gi bn duyn (cn, cnh, chng t v tc

) mt phen thi vo, th sng by thc nhp nh ni dy.

Thc ny c cng nng duy tr chng t, cn thn, th gii v chu cho

cc php hin hnh hun vo.

Thc ny lm ng Ch; v khi chng hu tnh cht th n i sau, cn khi

u sanh thi n li n trc.

C nhn c lm bi k, t trng thi ngi cht, trong lc thn thc

sp ri thn xc, c th kinh nghim bit ngi cht ri c thng ln

hay a xung.

Chnh vn

nh Thnh, nhn sanh Thin

Nhn tm, Ng qu phc

Bn sanh tt ci ly

a ngc khc tm xut

Dch ngha

Thnh u, Tri ti mt

Trang s: - 37 -

Ngi tim, Ng qu bng

Sc sanh hai chn xung

a ngc bn chn ra

Bi tng th ba

Bt ng a tin ti x tng

Kim Cang o hu D thc khng

i vin v cu ng thi pht

Ph chiu thp phng trn st trung

Dch ngha

n bt a b tn "Tng"

Chng Kim Cang o, khng "D thc"

Gng tr khng nh ng thi pht

Khp chiu mi phng v s ci.

LC GII

Hnh gi khi ti Bt ng a, tc l Bt a tr ln, th thc ny mi x

ci tn "Tng thc" m ch cn gi l "D thc thc". Khi n v ng

gic, c Kim Cang o, th thc ny khng cn gi tn l "D thc"

na. V lc by gi, cc chng t hu lu cu nhim ht, nn thc

ny c i tn l "V cu thc"; ch cn thun chng t v lu thanh

tnh, nn cng c gi l "Bch tnh thc".

n Kim Cang o, th thc ny c gi l "V cu" v chuyn thnh

i vin cnh tr, nn trong bi tng ni:

"i vin (tr) v cu (thc) ng thi pht"

Trang s: - 38 -

tr i vin ny chiu khp c mi phng th gii nhiu nh s ct

sng Hng; v hin ra Bo thn Pht v Ho thn Pht thot

chng sanh tt n i v lai.

Tm li, thc th Tm ny v tri qua 3 giai on, nn c 3 tn khc

nhau:

1. t phm phu cho n mn Tht a, th gi thc ny l Tng thc (A

li da) hay "D thc thc".

2. t Bt a n ng gic, th khng cn gi l "Tng thc" na m ch

gi l "D thc thc".

3. n qu v Pht, th tn "D thc" cng khng cn, m ch gi l "V

cu thc" hay "Bch tnh thc".

***

Mun cho ngi hc d nh hnh tng v cng nng ca 8 thc tm

vng nn c nhn c lm bi th rng:

Bt c huynh, nht c si

c hu nht c ti sinh ly

Ng c mn tin t mi mi

Nht c gia trung tc ch y.

Dch ngha

Anh em tm ch mt chng si (thc th By)

duy c thc rt linh ly (khn ngoan)

nm ngi ngoi ca lo bun bn (nm thc trc)

lm ch trong nh bt y (thc th Tm)

Trang s: - 39 -

BI TH BY

7. TM S (C 51 MN)

"Tm s hu php" gi tt l "Tm s", ngha l php s hu ca Tm

vng. Tm s tu theo Tm vng m khi v gip Tm Vng

to nghip (D th tng ng c)

tm s c 51 mn, chia lm 6 loi:

A. TM S BIN THNH (C 5 mn)

Ch "Bin thnh" ngha l i khp. Nm mn Tm s ny i khp 4 ch:

1. Tt c thi gian (qu kh, hin ti v v lai), 2. Tt c ch (khng gian:

Ba ci, chn a), 3. Tt c cc thc (Tm thc Tm Vng), 4. Tt c tnh

(tnh lnh, d v tnh khng lnh d).

1. Xc: Tip xc, gp g. Tnh ca Tm s ny, hay lm cho Tm Vng

hoc Tm s tip xc vi cnh. Nghip dng ca n lm ch nng cho

Th, Tng, T, ... pht sanh.

2. Tc : Mong khi tri . Tnh ca Tm s ny hay nh thc chng t

ca Tm vng, Tm s khin cho sanh khi. Nghip dng ca n dn

tm n duyn t cnh.

3. Th: Lnh th. Tnh ca Tm s ny hay lnh th nhng cnh thun,

nghch v cnh khng thun nghch. Nghip dng ca n l mong

mun. Nh gp cnh thun th mun hip, gp cnh nghch th mun la

v mun cnh khng thun nghch. Ni li cho d hiu l th cnh vui,

bun v cnh bnh thng.

4. Tng: Nh tng. Tnh ca Tm s ny hay tng hnh tng ca

cnh vt. Nghip dng ca n l ba t ra nhng danh t ku gi.

Nh tng hnh tng trng, mng v vung, ri tu theo m t ra

ci tn l "t giy".

5. T: lo ngh. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm lo ngh to tc.

Nghip dng ca n l sai tm ln nhng vic lnh, d hoc khng phi

lnh d.

Trang s: - 40 -

B. TM S BIT CNH (C 5 mn):

Ch "Bit cnh" l mi cnh ring khc. Nm mn Tm s ny, mi mn

duyn mi cnh ring khc.

1. Dc: Mong mun. Tnh ca Tm s ny l hng mong mun duyn

nhng cnh vui thch. Nghip dng ca n lm ch nng cho "sing

nng".

2. Thng gii: Hiu bit r rng. Tnh ca Tm s ny, hiu bit r rng

khng c nghi ng. Nghip dng ca n l quyt nh khng chuyn

i.

3. Nim:Nh. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm ghi nh r rng

nhng cnh qua. Nghip dng ca n, lm ch nng cho nh.

4. nh: Chuyn ch. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm khi i vi

cnh, chuyn ch khng tn lon. Nghip dng ca n lm ch nng

cho Tr; v khi i vi cnh, tm chuyn ch khng tn lon, nn sanh ra

Tr.

5. Hu: Sng t. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi cnh sng sut la

chn. Nghip dng ca n, dt nghi ng. Trong khi i vi cnh, v c

Hu suy xt, nn quyt nh khng cn nghi ng.

C. TM S THIN (C 11 mn)

Ch "Thin" l hin lnh. Bn tnh ca 11 Tm s ny, hin lnh v lm

li ch cho chng sanh.

1. Tn: Tin. Tnh ca Tm s ny, tin chu nhng g c tht (chn tht),

c (hnh dung), Nng (nghip dng) v lm cho Tm c thanh tnh.

Nghip dng ca n: i tr Bt tn v a vic lnh.

2. Tinh tn: Tinh chuyn v tn ti. Tnh ca Tm s ny, sing nng

on cc vic d, lm cc vic lnh. Nghip dng ca n i tr gii i

v lm vin mn vic lnh.

Trang s: - 41 -

3. Tm: T xu h. Tnh ca Tm s ny, mi khi lm iu g quy, t

mnh xu h; knh trng ngi hin v a vic phi. Ngip dng ca n:

i tr "tm khng bit xu h" v ngn nga vic d.

4. Qu: Thn vi ngi. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi mnh lm iu g

quy, thy ngi thn tha; khng chu gn ngi c, chng lm vic

d. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "tm khng bit thn" v ngn lm vic

c.

5. V tham: khng tham lam. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khng tham lam,

cnh dc lc trong tam gii. Nghip dng ca n: i tr lng "tham" v

a lm vic lnh.

6. V sn: Khng sn hn. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi cnh tri

nghch, khng nng gin. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "sn hn" v a

lm vic lnh.

7. V si: Khng si m. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i vi s l, hiu bit

rnh r khng m m. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "si m" v a lm

vic lnh.

8. Khinh an: Nh nhng, th thi. Tnh ca Tm s ny, lm cho thn

tm nh nhng khoan khoi, xa la nhng g nng n bc bi. Nghip

dng ca n: i tr "Hn trm".

9. Bt phng dt:Khng bung lung, phng tng. Tnh ca Tm s ny

l phng nga vic c, lm vic lnh v khng phng tng. Nghip

dng ca n: lm vin mn vic lnh th gian, xut th gian v i tr

"Bung lung".

10. Hnh x: Lm ri khng chp trc. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi lm

cc vic phc thin, khng chp trc, khin tm an tr ni v cng

dng. Nghip dng ca n: i tr "Tro c" v lm cho tm an tr ni

yn tnh.

11. Bt hi: Khng lm tn hi. Tnh ca Tm s ny khng lm tn hi

tt c chng hu tnh. Nghip dng ca n: T bi thng xt loi vt v

i tr "Tn hi".

Trang s: - 42 -

D.CN BN PHIN NO (C 6 mn)

Su mn phin no ny thuc v c. N lm ci gc sanh ra cc phin

no chi mc, nn gi l "Cn bn".

1. Tham: Tham lam. Tnh ca Tm s ny tham lam m nhim nhng

g n a thch; nh ti sc, danh vng,...Nghip dng ca n: lm

chng ngi "V tham" v sanh ti kh.

2. Sn: Ni nng. Tnh ca Tm s ny, gin ght nhng cnh tri

nghch. Nghip dng ca n: lm cho thn tm khng yn n, chng

ngi tnh "V sn" v sanh cc ti li.

3. Si: Ngu si, hoc gi l "V minh" (khng sng sut). Tnh ca Tm s

ny l m mui, khng bit hay d,phi quy. Nghip dng ca n sanh

ra cc php tp nhim v chng ngi tnh "V si".

Ba mn phin no tm s (Tham, Sn, Si) ny, lm chng ngi ba mn

V lu l Gii, nh v Hu.

4.Mn: Khinh mn. Tnh ca Tm s ny, ti nng hoc th lc ca

mnh, khinh d ngo mn ngi. Nghip dng ca n lm nhn sanh ra

ti li v chng ngi tnh "khng khinh mn".

5. Nghi: Nghi ng, do d. Tnh ca Tm s ny, nghi ng khng tin

nhng vic phi, chn chnh. Nghip dng ca n lm tr ngi vic

lnh v chng ngi tnh "khng nghi".

6.c kin: Thy bit thuc v ti c, nhim . Tnh ca Tm s ny, hiu

bit in o, khng ng chnh l. Nghip dng ca n gy to ti kh

v chng ngi nhng hiu bit chn chnh.

c kin ny c 5 mn:

1. Thn kin: Chp Ta (Ng).

2. Bin kin: Chp mt bn, hoc chp Ta cht ri mt hn (chp on),

hoc chp Ta cht ri cn hoi (chp thng).

3. T kin: Chp t, m tn, d oan.

Trang s: - 43 -

4. Kin th: Chp cng ch hiu bit ca mnh l ng, mc d c ngi

bit sai, ch bo li cng khng nghe.

5. Gii cm th: Chp gi theo nhng gii cm khng chn chnh ca

ngoi o. Ni rng ra l chp theo nhng tc l khng hay.

Trang s: - 44 -

BI TH TM

8 TU PHIN NO (C 20 mn)

Hai mi mn phin no ny, l tu thuc 6 mn Cn bn phin no

trn m sanh khi. V phm vi tng ng ca n c rng v hp khng

ng, nn chia lm ba loi:

I. TIU TU, c 10 mn, mi mn t lc sanh khi, phm vi tng ng

nh hp, nn gi l "Tiu".

1. Phn: Gin. Tnh ca tm s ny, khi gp cnh tri nghch, nng gin.

Nghip dng ca n l hay lm tn hi ngi, vt v chng ngi tnh

khng nng gin.

2. Hn: Hn. Khi gp cnh nghch, trc nng gin ri sau mi hn.

Tnh ca Tm s ny l m p s on ght khng b. Nghip dng ca

n l nng ny, bun phin v hay lm chng ngi tnh khng hn.

3. Ph: Che giu. Tnh ca tm s ny, v s mt danh gi v ti li, nn

che giu ti li ca mnh. Nghip dng ca n l hay n nn, bun v

chng ngitnh khng che giu.

4. No: Bun bun. Khi gp cnh nghch, trc gin hn ri sau mi

bun. Tnh ca Tm s ny hay nh li nhng cnh tri nghch qua,

ri sanh bun phin. Nghip dng ca n l chng ngi tnh khng

bun.

5. Tt: tt , ganh ght. Tnh ca tm s ny hay ganh ght k

nhng g m ngi ta hn mnh. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng

ngi tnh khng tt v su kh lo bun.

6. Xan: Bn xn. Tnh ca tm s ny, bn xn, rch rm, khng chu ban

b tin ti hay gio php cho ngi. Nghip dng ca n l lm b qu

ma, n mt ngho cc, tch tr ti sn v lm chng ngi khng

bn xn.

Trang s: - 45 -

7. Cung: Di. Tnh ca tm s ny, di gt ngi li mnh. Nghip

dng ca n l lm vic khng chn chnh nui sng v chng ngi

tnh khng di gt.

8. Sim: B , nnh ht. Tnh ca tm s ny, la thi th nnh ht, b

ngi. Nghip dng ca n l khng nghe li ch gio chn chnh

ca thy, bn v lm chng ngi tnh khng dua nnh.

9. Hi: Tn hi. Tnh ca tm s ny lm tn hi cc loi hu tnh.

Nghip dng ca n l lm bc no ngi, vt v chng ngi tnh

khng tn hi.

10. Kiu: Kiu cng. Tnh ca tm s ny, v thy mnh giu sang, quyn

tc hoc ti nng, ri sanh ra kiu cch v ngo ngh. Nghip dng ca

n l lm nhn sanh ra nhim , ti li v chng ngi tnh khng kiu

cng.

II. TRUNG TU, c hia mn l V tm v V qu; v hai mn Tm s

ny, duyn cc Tm s bt thin, phm vi tng ng ca n trung bnh,

nn gi l "trung tu".

11. V tm: T mnh khng bit, xu h. Tnh ca tm s ny, khi lm

vic quy khng bit t h, khinh d nhng ngi hin thin. Nghip

dng ca n l lm tng trng vic c v chng ngi tnh bit xu

h.

12. V qu: Khng bit thn vi ngi. Tnh v tm s ny, khi lm vic

quy, khng bit thn vi ngi, a lm vic ti c. Nghi dng ca n

l lm tng trng vic c v chng ngi tnh bit thn.

III. I TY, c 8 mn sau y. Tm mn Tm s ny bin khp cc

Tm s bt thin, phm vi ca n rng hn hai mn Trung tu trc,

nn gi l "i tu".

13. Trao c: Lao chao. Tnh ca Tm s ny lm cho thn tm chao ng

khng yn tnh. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi nh v Hnh

x.

Trang s: - 46 -

14. Hn trn: M ti trm trng. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khin cho tm

khi i vi qun cnh m mt khng sng sut. Nghip dng ca n l

lm hng ngi Hu v khinh an.

15. Bt tn: Khng tin. Tnh ca Tm s ny l khng tin cc php lnh,

lm cho tm tnh nhim. Nghip dng ca n hay sanh gii i v

chng ngi tm thanh tnh.

16. Gii i: Bing nhc tr ni, Tnh ca Tm s ny l bing nhc,

khng lo on c v tu thin. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi

tinh tn v tng trng tnh nhim .

17. Phng dt: Bung lung. Tnh ca Tm s ny phng tng, bung

lung, khng thc lim thn tm on c tu thin. Nghip dng ca

n l lm tng c tn thin, v chng ngi tnh khng bung lung.

18. Tht nim: Mt chnh nim. Tnh ca Tm s ny khng nh cnh

duyn. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi chnh nim v sanh

tn lon.

19. Tn lon: Ri lon. Tnh ca Tm s ny lm cho tm ri lon.

Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi chnh nh v sanh ra c hu.

20. Bt chnh tri: Bit khng chn chnh. Tnh ca Tm s ny, khi i

vi cnh, hiu bit sai lm. Nghip dng ca n l lm chng ngi ci

hiu bit chn chnh v sanh ra phm gii.

Hi:_ Ba mn Tm s: Tro c, Tn lon v phng dt khc nhau th

no?

p:_ Tro c l lao chao; d nh con nga ng mt ch trong

chung, nhng u v mnh vn lc qua lc li khng yn._Tn lon l

ri lon; d nh con nga chy lng xng trong chung._Phng dt l

bung lung; d nh con nga thot ra khi chung, tun vo la m

ca ngi.

Hi:_ Bn mn Tm s: Sn, phn, Hn v No, Hnh tng khc nhau

th no?

Trang s: - 47 -

p:_ Sn l ni nng, d nh la rm. Phn l gin, d nh la ci.

Hn l hn; d nh la than. No l bun, d nh tro nng.

Hi:_ Sing nng lm vic quy, c phi l Tinh tn Tm s khng?

p:_ Khng phi. Sing nng lm vic quy l phng dt Tm s.

Trang s: - 48 -

BI TH CHN

9. BT NH TM S (C 4 mn)

Bn mn Tm s ny khng nht nh thin hay c, nn gi l "Bt

nh".

1. Hi: n nn. Ch khc gi l " tc": ght vic lm qua; cng l d

danh ca "Hi". Tnh ca Tm s ny, n nn vic lm qua. Nghip

dng ca n lm chng ngi nh.

An nn c khi thin m cng c lc li c. Nh n nn: Va ri mnh

sn si nh p ngi tht by qu, nh th l thin. An nn: Va ri

sao mnh khng trm ly vt ca ngi, nh th l c.

2. Min: Ng. Tnh ca Tm s nylm cho tm m mt, thn khng t

ti. Nghip dng ca n lm chng ngi qun tng. Ng cng c khi

thim m cng c khi c: Ng phi thi l thin, cn ng trong khi nghe

kinh hay nim Pht l c.

3. Tm: Tm cu. Tm s ny thin c khng nht nh, ch tu theo

trng hp. Tnh ca n lm cho tm i vi cnh danh ngn ca

thc ( ngn cnh) sanh khi th ng. Nghip dng ca n l lm cho

thn tm chng yn.

4. T: Chnh chn xt Tm s ny cng c thin v c, tu theo trng

hp. Tnh ca n lm cho tm i vi cnh danh ngn ca thc, sanh

khi t nh. Nghip dng ca n lm cho thn tm c yn.

Tm li, tt c chng sanh hng ngy to nghip lnh hay d, chu qu

bo kh hay vui, khng vt ra ngoi phm vi ca 8 mn Tam Vng

v 51 mn Tm s ny.

***

III. SC PHP

Trang s: - 49 -

(C 11 mn) sc php l thuc v sc (nhng ci thuc v sc). Sc c hai

loi: 1. Hnh sc, nh di, ngn, vung,trn, ...2. Mu sc, nh xanh, ,

trng, vng, ...

sc c 11 mn l 5 cn: Nhn cn, Nh cn, T cn, Thit cn, Thn cn

v 6 trn: Sc trn, Thinh trn, Hng trn, V trn, Xc trn, v php

trn.

Sc php l tng phn nh tng ca Tm Vng v Tm s (nh s

hin nh c).

1. Nhn cn: Con mt. Ch "Cn" c ngha l lm ch nng cho thc v

pht sanh ra thc. Nm cn, cn no cng c hai th: 1. Tinh t v bn

trong, gi l "Thng ngha cn", 2. Th ph, bn ngoi, gi l "Ph trn

cn".

Hnh tng ca con mt nh tri nho. Nghip dng ca n chiu soi cc

sc.

2. Nh cn: L tai. Hnh tng ca tai nh l sen non. Nghip dng ca

n hay nghe cc ting.

3. Ty cn: L mi. Hnh tng ca l mi nh hai ngn tay xui xung.

Nghip dng ca n hay ngi cc mi thm v hi.

4. Thit cn: Ci li. Hnh tng ca li nh trng li lim. Nghip

dng ca n nm cc v v ni nng ku gi.

5. Thn cn: Thn th. Ch "thn" c hai ngha: Tch t cc b phn v

lm ch nng cho cc cn. Nghip dng ca n l duyn xc trn. Nh

nng, nh, trn, nhm, ...

6. Sc trn: cnh b thy ca con mt. Ch "trn" c ngha nhim v bi

bm. Sc trn c 25 mn: 1. Xanh, 2. Vng, 3. , 4. Trng, 5. Di, 6.

Ngn, 7. Vung, 8. Trn, 9. To, 10. Nh, 11. Cao, 12. Thp, 13. Ngay, 14.

Xin, 15. nh sng, 16. Bng, 17. Sng, 18. Ti, 19. Khi, 20. Bi, 21. My,

22. M, 23. Cc lc sc (sc rt nh) v cc hnh sc (sc rt xa), 24.

Biu sc (sc, c nu ra c), 25. Sc h khng.

Trang s: - 50 -

7. Thinh trn: Ting, cnh b nghe ca tai. C 12 loi ting: 1. Ting: ci

tng b nghe ca tai (ni chung cc ting), 2. Ting va , 3. Ting

khng va , 4. Ting bnh thng (khng a ght), 5. Ting loi hu

tnh (ting ni), 6. Ting loi v tnh (ting cy, ...), 7. Ting thuc c hu

tnh v v tnh (nh ting trng do tay ngi ta nh), 8. Ting thuc v

th tc ni, 9. Ting thuc v ca Thnh gi, 10. Ting ca ngoi o ni

(do Bin k s chp), 11. Ting ni chnh (Thnh ngn)(nh tht c thy,

nghe, hay, bit th ni c thy nghe, hay v bit; khng thy nghe, hay,

bit th ni khng thy, nghe, hay, bit, nh th gi l 8 li ni chnh),

12. Ting vang.

8. Hng trn: Mi, cnh b ngi ca mi. C 6 th mi: 1. Mi thm, 2.

Mi hi, 3. Mi khng thm hi, 4. Mi t bn cht sanh (cu sanh

hng), 5. Mi do ch to m c (ho hip hng), 6. Mi do s bin i

m sanh.

9. V trn:V, cnh b nm ca li. C 12 th v: 1. V ng, 2. V chua, 3.

V ngt, 4. V cay, 5. V mn, 6. Vlt, 7. V va , 8. V khng va , 9. V

bnh thng, 10. V t bn cht sanh, 11. V do ho hip ch to m c,

12. V do bin i ma sanh.

10. Xc trn: Xc, cnh b bit ca thn. Xc trn c 24 mn: 1. t, 2.

Nc, 3. Gi, 4. La, 5. Nh, 6. Nng, 7. Nhm, 8. Trn, 9. Hn, 10.

Gp, 11. Lnh, 12. Nng, 13. Cng, 14. Mm, 15. i, 16. Kht, 17. No,

18. Sc lc, 19. Yu, 20. Bun, 21. Nga, 22. Dnh, 23. Gi, 24. Bnh, 25.

Cht, 26. m.

11. Php trn: Ci bng dng ca nm trn cn lu lai trong thic.

Ngha l khi mt khng cn thy sc, tai khng cn nghe ting, cho n

thn khng cn bit xc, m trong thc vn nh li bng dng ca 5

trn; ci bng dng ls php trn. Trong Duy thc gi l "lc t nh

t" (ci bng rt li). y l cnh b bit ca thc. Php trn c 5 loi:

1. Cc lc sc: Sc rt nh nh vi trn.

2. Cc hnh sc: Sc rt xa, nh thy tm tm m m.

Trang s: - 51 -

3. nh qu sc: Nhng sc tng do tu nh hin ra. Nh cc v B Tt,

khi nhp nh hin ra nc, la, th gii, ...

4. V biu sc: Sc khng nu by ra c; nh khi th gii, thc lnh

th m c, nn cng gi l "th s dn sc" (sc do th gii dn sanh).

5. Bin k s chp sc: Sc do thc vng tng phn bit sanh, chng

tht.

Trang s: - 52 -

BI TH MI

10 TM BT TNG NG HNH PHP (C 24 mn)

Tm bt tng ng hnh php, gi tt l "Bt tng ng hnh". Ch

"Hnh php" l nhng php thuc v "Hnh un". Hnh un l mt

trong nm un.

Ch "Hnh" l sanh dit di i; ch "Un" l cha nhm. Hnh un c

2 loi:

1. Tng ng hnh un, tc l cc tm s (51 mn). Ch "Tng ng" l

ng thun vi Tm Vng.

2. Bt Tng ng hnh un, tc l 24 mn "Bt tng ng hnh" sau

y; 24 mn ny khng tng ng vi tm, chng ch y ba phn: Tm

Vng, tm s v sc php m gi thnh lp.(Tam, phn v sai bit c).

1. c: c, tri vi mt. Th nh "Ti c ng xu", c nhin phi c

ng xu l "sc php", v nhn thc thy, thc phn bit l tm

php, cng vi cc tm s chung khil tm s php; phi c ba

phn nh th, mi thnh ngha "c".

2. Mng cn: Thn mng. Do nghip i trc ko dn, lm cho thn

thc th thn, sng trong mt thi gian hoc lu hay mau, gi l "mng

cn".

3. Chng ng phn:Cng nh ch "ng loi". Cc loi chng sanh

hoc hu tnh hay v tnh, loi no ng vi loi ny. Nh loi ngi

ng vi ngi; loi vt ng vi vt.

4. Di sanh tnh: Nhng loi sanh ra khc vi Thnh nhn, tc l phm

phu;ch khc gi "Phi c": Chng phm phu khng c Thnh qu.

Bi th nn gi "Di sanh tnh" hay "phi c" u c c.

5. V tng nh: nh ny dit ht cc tm vng v tm s ca 6 thc

trc. Song y ch gi "V tng" l v "tng" lm ch ng vy.

Trang s: - 53 -

6. Dit tn nh: nh ny khng nhng dit ht cc tm vng v tm

s ca 6 thc trc, m dit lun c phn tp nhim ca tm vng tm

s v thc th By.

V tng nh l nh ca phm phu; cn Dit tn nh l nh ca

Thnh nhn.

7. V tng bo: Ngi ci Dc tu V tng nh, sau khi mng

chung, ng bo thn ci tri V tng.

8. Danh thn: Tn hay danh t. C danh t n v danh t kp.

9. C thn: Cu. Do rp nhiu ting thnh cu; cu c ngn v di.

10. Vn thn: Ch. Ch l ch y ch ca danh t v cu.

11. Sanh: Sanh ra. Ngha l t hi no n gi khng c, nay mi c.

12. Tr: . Nhng vt sanh ra ri, cn lu li trong mt thi gian ,

cha dit.

13. Lo: Gi, suy yu gn cht.

14. V thng: Khng thng, bit danh ca cht.

15. Lu chuyn: Xoay vn, nhn qu trc sau ni nhau khng dt.

16. nh v: Nhn qu lnh, d kkhc nhau, khng ln lo.

17. Tng ng: ng thun vi nhau. Nh nhn no qu ny, cn xng

vi nhau.

(Hi: C 24 mn, u gi l "Bt tng ng hnh" ti sao mn th 17

ny li gi l "Tng ng"?_p: Ni "Bt tng ng" l phn bit 24

mn ny, khng phi l tng ng tm s.cn v mn th 17 ny m

gi l "Tng ng", l do Sc, Tm v Tm s ho hp m ni, nn

khng ng vi "Tng ng tm s" trc).

18. Th tc:Cc php hu vi xoay vn mau l nh chong chng.

Trang s: - 54 -

19. Th :Th lp, trt t khng c ln lo.

20. Thi: Thi gian: qu kh, hin ti v v lai.

21. Phng: Khng gian: ng, ty, Nam, Bc, t duy, thng h.

22. S: S lng. Nh: mt, hai, ba, bn cho n trm, ngn ..

23. Ho hp tnh: Cc duyn ho hp khng c tri nhau.

24. Bt ho hp tnh: Nhng php chng tri, khng ho hp vi nhau.

Ni tm li, t trc n y k 94 php: 8 mn Tm vng, 51 mn

Tm s, 11 mn Sc php, 24 mn Bt tng ng hnh, u thuc v

php hu vi c sanh dit bin i. Su php sau y thuc v v vi.

Ch "hu vi" l nhng g c to tc, c sanh dit, khng thng cn. "V

vi" l nhng g khng to tc, khng sanh dit, khng tng gim, vng

lng thng cn.

***

V. V VI PHP

(C 6 MN)

Php V vi khng sanh dit, khng bin i, khng phi nh cc php

hu vi l Tm vng, Tm s, Sc php, Bt tng ng hnh c sanh

dit bin i. Do cc php hu vi (94 mn) dit ri, th php v vi mi

hin by (T, s hin th c).

Tht ra, v vi khng phi c 6 php, song v theo tng kha cnh ca n

gii thch, nn t ra 6 tn.

1. H khng v vi: Chn nh hay Php tnh, khng th dng thc suy

ngh hay li ni lun bn c. N phi sc, phi tm, khng sanh dit,

khng cu tnh, khng tng gim nn gi l "V vi".

Bi n khng ng, khng php, ri cc cu nhim, rng rang nh h

khng, nn gi l "H khng v vi".y l theo th d m t tn.

Trang s: - 55 -

2. Trch dit v vi:Do dng tr hu V lu, la chn dit tr ht cc

nhim , nn chn nh v vi mi hin. V th nn gi l "Trch dit v

vi".

3. phi trch dit v vi:V vi khng cn la chn dit tr cc phin no.

C hai ngha:

a) Tnh chn nh vn thanh tnh, khng phi do la chn dit tr cc

phin no nhim mi c, nn gi l "Phi trch dit".

b) Cc php hu vi tp nhim, v thiu duyn khng sanh khi, nn

php v vi c hin. Bi th nn gi "Phi trch dit".

4. Bt ng dit v vi: t thin la c ba nh di, ra khi tam

tai (ao binh tai, ha tai, thu tai) khng cn b mng, gin, thng,

ght ...lm chao ng ni tm, nn gi l "Bt ng dit".

5. Th tng dit v vi: Khi c Dit tn nh, dit tr ht "th" v

"tng" tm s nn gi l "Th tng dit v vi".

6. Chn nh v vi: Khng phi Vng, gi l Chn (khng bin k s

chp); khng phi in o gi l Nh (khng y tha khi), tc l tht

tnh ca cc php (Vin thnh tht).

Trong lun i tha trm php ny, ngoi nhn hi hai cu:

Tt c php l g?

Th no l khng tht (v ng)?

T trc n y, Lun ch lc ni 100 php, tr li cu hi th

nht ri, sau y tr li v cu hi th hai.

Trang s: - 56 -

PHN TH HAI

NI "KHNG THT" (V NG)

Chnh vn

Ni "khng tht" (v ng), tm c 2 loi:

Nhn (ngi ) khng tht.

Php (vt) khng tht.

Ngi i chp tt c cc php tht c, tc l chp Ng (Tht). Chp

Tht (Ng) c hai:

1. Nhn (ngi) tht.

2. Php (vt) tht.

Chp thn ny tht c, gi l Nhn tht. Chp ni sng tt c cc cnh

vt bn ngai tht c, gi l Php tht.

Do chp tht c (ng) nn sanh ra tham, sn, si ri to ra cc nghip,

sanh t lun hi trong lc o. Bi th nn Pht ni:

"Tt c Php khng tht".

Ni "Tt c php" tc l bao trm c loi hu tnh v v tnh. Loi hu

tnh khng tht c l "Nhn khng tht". Loi v tnh nh hon cnh, s

vt khng tht c, l "Php khng tht".

KT LUN

T trc n y, lc ni 100 php th bao trm Nhn v Php.

Phm phu chp c Nhn v Php u tht c. Tiu tha ch chp Php

l tht c.

Trong lun ny ni: 8 mn Tm vng l t th ca thc v hn tt c

(nht th ti thng c). 51 mn tm s l phn s hu v tng ng ca

thc (d th tng ng c). 11 mn sc php l phn hnh bng, do

Trang s: - 57 -

Tm vng v Tm s hin ra (nh s hin nh c). 24 mn Bt tng

ng hnh l do ba phn: tm vng, tm s v sc php, phn chia ngi

th sai khc m gi lp (tam, phn v sai bit c). 6 mn v vi l do 4

mn hu vi trn (tm vng, tm s, sc php v bt tng ng hnh)

dit ht m hin by ra, tc l tht tnh ca thc (t, s hin th c).

Bi th nn bit: Ngi i chp "Nhn tht c" v "Php tht c" u

khng ngoi thc. Do m c Th Tn ni:

"Tt c Php khng khng tht" (V ng).

V "Mun Php Duy thc".

Vit xong li Pht Hc ng Nam Vit

Rm thng 6 nm K Hi (1959)

Trang s: - 58 -

B. DUY THC HC TP I

BI TH NHT

1. DUY THC PHNG TIN M

QUYN THNG

Tc Gi: ng i Vin

Dch Gi: Thch Thin Hoa

LI CA DCH GI

Cc Kinh sch trong o Pht c chia lm mi tn, m Duy Thc Tn

l mt.

Duy Thc Tn l mt mn hc phn tch v hnh tng ca tm l, hay

nht m cng l kh nht. Kh v rt nhiu danh t l v phn tch hnh

tng ca tm l rt tinh t, hn na n ni ln nhng vic m chng ta

cha quen nghe n. Ngoi ra n cn kh v vn chng khc chit, li

l qu tt gn, c nhng cu khng bit bao nhiu ngha. V vy m

ngi hc kh thm nhp, xa nay cc nh nghin cu ai cng lc u!

V mn Duy Thc ny, chng ti dch ra y, khng phi v c gi, m

dnh ring cho nhng hng hc gi. Ngha l: phi ngi c tm nghin

cu tm hc mi hiu c mn ny, ch nh ngi ch c sung qua

th kh m lnh hi.

Cc sch v v Duy thc rt nhiu, mun d dng cho hc gi, c nhin

trc ht phi t ca ng ri mi vo nh; t ni phng tin mi n

ch chn tht. Nh li C nhn dy: Mun i xa phi do ni gn, mun

ln cao phi t ni thp.

V th, nn trc ht chng ti dch quyn Duy thc Phng Tin m

ca ng ng i Vin, l mt nh hc gi Trung Hoa nhiu nm

nghin cu uyn thm v Pht php. Ong c bin ra nhiu loi sch v

Trang s: - 59 -

Duy thc, m Duy thc Phng Tin m l mt quyn sch rt d hiu

cho ngi mi hc. V vn chng bnh d, li trnh by c lp lang v

khoa hc, li dng nhng t d thng thng rt i chng.

Song chng ta cng nn nh: Duy thc hc l mt mn hc rt kh.

Ong ng i Vin v mun cho ngi d hiu, nn mi phng tin

trnh by. ni phng tin th chng ta khng nn chp l chn

tht.

Chng ti dch loi Duy thc ny v mun cho ngi d hiu, nn

khng hon tan dch st theo vn ch Hn-ngha l c on chng ti

dch ng theo vn, m cng c on dch theo , ct yu lm sao cho

xui thun theo vn ch Vit, ngi c c d hiu m thi.

C ch chng ti thm vo cho r ngha, m cng c on chng ti

phi ta bt i cho gn, xin c gi ch chp theo nguyn bn m bnh

phm s phin dch ca chng ti.

Mong ch c gi cng chng ti ng hiu Duy Thc Tng, ng

nhp Duy Thc Tnh, ng hu ci hon t tm, ci hon hon cnh,

chuyn Bt thc thnh T tr, tr thnh cnh gii ca bc i gic.

Pht Hc ng Nam Vit

Ngy K nim Pht A Di (1955)

Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA

LI NGUYN T

Sau khi Pht dit khong chm trm nm, c ngi V Trc i s ra

i ti Trung An , to ra b Nhip i Tha lunv.v

Trang s: - 60 -

Tam Thp Tngv.v

Trang s: - 61 -

Ong Chng Tnh c s em a cho ti xem v cy ti vit bi ta.

Ti c qua, rt mng! V thy li l r rng, li lp ngn hay kho,

ng lm mt quyn sch qu cjo ngi mi vo ca Duy thc.

Nhn y, ti vit i li tha vi cc bn hu ch.

Thng Hi, ngy 27-10 Dn quc nm th 13

C s TCH QUANG

LI TA

CA NG PHM C NNG KHI IN LI QUYN

DUY THC PHNG TIN M

C ngi khch n hi ti: Trong Pht hc ca ng thng nu hai

cu quan trng l: Ba ci Duy Tm, mun php Duy thc (1).. Ring

ti hiu hai cu ny, so theo nh Khoa hc th ni l Ci tc dng ca

tm l. Chng bit c ng nh vy khng?.

Ti tr li: ng nh th! Nh Khoa hc ni: Ci tc dng ca tm l.

Tc l bn Pht hc ni: Duy tm hay Duy thc vy.

Ngi khch hi tip: Nu nh vy, th ti rt nghi. Bn Khoa hc ni:

Ci tc dng ca tm l, l hon ton ch nhng vic h huyn khng

tht; nh ngi thy bng vnh chn m tng lm con rn (2). Cn ng

ni: Ba ci Duy tm. Mun php Duy thc . Nh vy cc s vt hin

tht trong th gian ny, cng u l ci tc dng ca tm l to ra,

khng tht c sao? Nu Tm thc qu tht c ci tc dng bin ha nh

th, th ti nay mun dng sc ca Tm thc, tng ci chn hin tin

trc mt y bin thnh quyn sch, ti sao khng c ?.

Ti p : Ong mun dng ci sc ca Tm thc no, khin cho ci

chn bin thnh quyn sch? Ong nn bit: Ci chn trc mt ng

cng l do Tm thc to thnh vy.

Trang s: - 62 -

Nhng Tm thc to thnh ci chn ny u phi mt, m c Tm

thc. Nh: 1. Nh c Nhn thc (ci bit ca con mt) mi to c

hnh sc ca ci chn. 2. Nh c Nh thc (ci bit ca l tai) mi to

c ci ting ca chn. 3. Phi c T thc (ci bit ca mi) mi to

c ci mi ca chn. 4. Phi c Thit thc (ci bit ca li) mi to

ci v ca chn. 5. Phi c Thn thc (ci bit ca thn) mi c th to ci

xc trn ca chn l: trn, nhm, nng, nh v.v< 6. Phi c thc mi

to c php trn ca chn l: tt xu, a ght v.v< 7. Li phi c

thc th By mi phn bit ci ny thuc ca mnh hay ca ngi. 8.

Li phi c Tng thc th Tm, mi to c bn cht ca ci chn (theo

Khoa hc gi l nguyn cht). Phi bao nhiu loi Tm thc ny, mi

to ra c s vt.

V li, c nhng vt ch mt mnh ng to ra c, c nhng vt phi

do mt s hu tnh chung li mi to c. Chng nhng phi bao

nhiu Tm thc ny, m cn phi tri qua mt thi gian lu xa, mi c

th to thnh c.

Nhng Tm thc to ra ci chn ny, chng loi n nhiu v ci

dng lc ca n cng phi lu xa nh vy; th m hm nay ng em ci

dng lc ca mt mn thc, li trong thi gian giy pht, m mun

cho ci chn bin thnh quyn sch th sao c?

Ong khch nghe xong ngc nhin hi: Ci tc dng ca tm l bn

trong cn phc tp nh th ? Vy th bn khoa hc ni v tm l,

khng th b kp ch su xa ca Pht hc. Song ti cn nghi: Nu vy th

nhng vt hin thc trong th gian y cng u l h huyn c v

ng do tc dng ca tm l bin ra, khng c mt vt g tht ht sao?

Ti p: Chnh th! Vy ng khng nghe trong kinh Kim Cang Pht

ni: Tt c nhng ci g c to tc ra, u nh chim bao, nh huyn

thut, nh bt nc v nh bng dng hay sao?

Ong ch bit ci tc dng ca mt Tm thc ( thc) l h gi, ch

ng cha bit ci tc dng ca ton th Tm thc (8 thc) cng u h

gi, nn ng ch nhn mt b phn ca thc l h huyn, m chp cc

b phn khc l chn tht. Nu ng hiu thu c ci tc dng ca

Trang s: - 63 -

ton th Tm thc (ca 8 thc), th ng s bit tt c vn vt u h

huyn, y nh ci tc dng ca mt b phn thc kia khng khc vy.

Bi v ngi i ang ng m trong gic mng, hm nay mi thc

c gic mng con, ch u bit mnh vn cn trong vng sanh t

i mng. Cng nh ngi i thuyn ch bit mnh ng, khng d

thuyn ng; trng thy b chy, m khng ng chnh l thuyn i.

Trc khi t t ra v, ngi khch ni rng: Nay ti mi bit tn Pht

hc ni v tm ltht l hon ton; bn Khoa hc ch bit c mt phn

t thi. Vy th ti xin s theo ng tm hc Pht php.

Ti tr li: Nu ng tht mun hc Pht, ti xin gii thiu: quyn Duy

thc Phng Tin m ca ng c s ng i Vin xut bn lu,

va c ci chnh li rt hon m v in cng gn xong. Vy ng nn

thnh xem s c ci ca i vo Duy thc hc.

Ngi khch p: Vng.

Khi khch v ri, ti lin ghi li cu chuyn ny, dng thay th li

ta.

Trung Hoa Dn Quc, nm th 20 thng ging

Vit ti nh bin tp ca Pht hc th cuc

PHM C NNG

CH THCH

i trong bi ta ny: ng khch ch hiu c mt ci thc ( lc)

m thi, ch khng bit c Tm thc; nn ng chp s tng tng ca

thc l gi, cn bao nhiu s vt l tht. n khi nghe ng Phm C

Nng ni: Thc c tm thc v tt c s vt hin tin cng u do tm

thc to ra, khng tht. Cho nn ng khch mi ngc nhin, v thy

trong Pht hc ni v tm l su xa v rng ri qu, khng phi nh bn

khoa hc ch bit c mt ci thc m thi, nn ng pht tm tm hc

Duy thc.

Trang s: - 64 -

(1) Ba ci Duy tm mun php Duy thc.

Ba ci l: ci Dc, ci Sc v ci V sc. Mun php l ch cho tt c s

vt hu hnh v v hnh. Ngha l tt c s vt hu hnh v v hnh

trong ba ci, u khng tht c, ch do Tm thc bin hin m thi.

(2) Ngi thy bng vnh chn m tng lm l rn.

Th xa v i Tn c ng Lc Qung, mi bn n nh ung ru,

v ban m thp n l m, ci vnh chn chiu bng vo chn ru,

ngi bn lm tng l con rn b. V sau c ngh l ng Lc Qung

thuc mnh, nn t pht bnh. Sau khi c ci chnh, ng bn bit l

do tng lm, nn lin ht bnh.

ni vic h huyn khng tht c, ch do tm tng tng m thi.

Trang s: - 65 -

BI TH NHT

1. DUY THC PHNG TIN M

QUYN THNG

Tc gi: NG I VIN

Dch gi: THCH THIN HOA

I. THUT LI BN NGUYN TO LUN

Ngi i khi xem n Duy thc hc, th lun lun ly lm kh khn;

v danh t v hnh tng ca Thc qu nhiu,khng th nh ht; li l

v ngha l li su xa, rt kh tm hiu. Cng c ngi c gng c,

nhng c mt cch rt kh khan, khng th v; ch c na chng ri

b d, khng xem ht quyn c.

Ngi hc Pht phn nhiu trnh ni kh, tm ch d; ch a ni

sung m khng chung n thc hnh. Bi th nn k th Nho ch l

ym th, cc nh Vt cht ch l tiu cc.

C nhng ngi hoc Pht, khng hiu T s ni (1) li ra sanh ra

chp on dit: cho tt c mi s vic l khng, ri mi vic tu hnh u

b ph.

Th nn ngi hc Pht khng hiu Duy thc nn Pht php suy i;

k th tc v khng hc Duy thc nn khinh bng Pht; Quc gia v

khng hiu Duy thc nn ri lon; nhn loi v khng hc Duy thc mi

o in.

Duy thc l mt mn hc rt quan trng nh th, nhng mun truyn

b, li khng bit lm sao! Ti v thng ci tnh t y, pht nguyn cu

i, nn vit ra quyn Duy thc Phng Tin m ny, mong cho k

tr, ngi n khi xem n, u bit mun php Duy thc, hiu ng

ngha l Chn khng rt ro ca Pht . Mi ngi hng hi vui o,

chm chm khng bit mi, lng ngi ln hi m thm ci i ( ci c

Trang s: - 66 -

li thin); phong tc chng cn sa i m c tt p, quc gia khng

tr pht m vn c thnh tr; nhng tai ho ln tiu, cc im lnh

mi ngy thm n, bc Thnh tr thnh hnh, chng Ma vng bt tch,

c th gii c ho bnh, ct yu l do mi ngi u hiu l Duy thc.

Cho nn ti vui mng v knh cn, trc ht ni mt bi tng cu

Tam Bo gia h:

Ci u ly Pht v B tt (2)

L ngi chng Duy thc tnh.

Nguyn dng nhng li phng tin ny,

Gii ni ngha rt ro ca Pht.

Ly Ngi bung ta ho quang sng,

Chiu ph ti tm trong th gian.

Chng ma np phc, tai ha tiu,

Tt c ng nc An Lc.

(1) T s ni: Tt c cc php khng tht c, ch do thc bin hin

l T mun ph tr cc m lm chp tht ca chng sanh. V chng sanh

chp cc php tht c, nn mi say m tham luyn, ri to ra cc iu ti

li. Ngi hc Pht khng hiu T, li sanh ra chp on dit: cho

khng c nhn qu ti phc v.v<

(2) Cu ny trong vn ch Hn Kh th mn phn tnh. Ch mn

l mn thanh tnh, tc l Pht. Ch phn tnh l phn thanh tnh tc

l B tt.

II. GII THCH TN DUY THC

Thc l g? Sao gi l Thc? y l cu hi ca nhng ngi cha

hiu Duy thc hc. Nay xin tr li vn tt: C mt ng lc (tc dng)

v hnh, ni ln th n trm c v tr, cn ni nh th cng khng ch

nh bng; n c cng nng nhn thc phn bit cc s vt sai khc, nn

ku l Thc. Nu trong v tr khng c ci ng lc (tc dng) ny, th

Trang s: - 67 -

ci g lm ging mi ch trng cho mun s mun vt. Vy chng ta

hy chn chn suy xt.

HI: Sao gi l Duy thc?

P: Tt c s vt trong v tr ny vn khng c nht nh l ci g hay

vt g c; ch do Thc ny n c tc dng, hay nhn thc phn bit cc

vt nh th ny hoc nh th kia, in tung tht c. Tht ra mun s

mun vt u do Tm thc bin hin, ch c gi tng m thi. Cng

nh ngi i ban m, thy ci bng ca mnh m nghi l qu v.v

Trang s: - 68 -

BI TH HAI

2. THNH LP TM THC

(C BN ON)

I. THNH LP NM THC TRC

Ai cng u bit: mi ngi u c mt, tai, mi, li v thn. Theo

nh Duy thc gi l nm cn th ph ( ngoi); n khng th pht sanh

ra Thc (ci bit) c. Trong nm Cn ph th, li c hm cha nm

Cn tinh t; nm Cn ny mi c th pht sanh ra Thc. Khi nm cn i

vi nm trn (sc, thinh, hng, v v xc) th pht sanh ra nm thc

(nm ci bit), chung li gi l 15 gii.

Nh khi con mt i vi sc trn sanh ra hiu bit cnh vt, th gi l

Nhn thc. Khi l tai i vi thinh trn sanh ra hiu bit ting tm, th

gi l Nh thc. Khi mi i vi hng trn sanh ra hiu bit mi, th

gi l T thc. Khi li i vi v trn, sanh phn bit v, th gi l Thit

thc. Khi thn i vi xc trn, sanh ra phn bit: to, nh, cng, mm

v.v< th gi l Thn thc.

Nm mn: sc, thinh, hng, v, xc v u c hnh cht, nn ku l

nm trn; hip vi nm cn trn, chung gi l sc php. Cn nm

Thc khng c hmh cht, ch nng theo nm cn khi ra phn

bit nn gi l nm Thc, cng gi l Tm php.

II. THNH LP THC TH SU L THC

Nm Thc trc ch phn bit c nhng cnh trong phm vi ca n,

ch khng th vt ngoi phm vi ca mnh, thay th cho Thc khc,

phn bit c cnh vt khc. Cng nh con mt khng th thay th

cho tai nghe ting c; tai khng th thay th cho mt thy cnh

c v.v< Ch c mt ci Thc, khng cn ni mt, tai, mi, li

v thn, m thng gip cho nm ch y pht sanh hiu bit. Hoc c

khi nm Thc trc khng c phn bit, m Thc ny c th thay th

cho nm Thc trc khi ra phn bit, l cng dng ca thc.

Trang s: - 69 -

Nh trong lc mt xem hoa nu khng , th thy hoa khng r; n

chng , lc by gi ci thy mi c r rng. Hay trong lc nghe

ting m khng , nn nghe khng r; n khi , th ci nghe

mi chc chn. y l nhng bng chng khi thc gip vi nm

Thc, thi lm cho nm Thc hiu bit c r rng.

thc i vi tt c php, c cng nng phn bit nh th, th quyt

phi c cn. Khi cn i vi php trn thi sanh thc; hip vi

nm cn, nm trn v nm Thc trc, cng thnh mi tm gii.

18 gii

1. Nhn cn i vi Sc trn sanh ra Nhn thc

2.Nh cn i vi Thinh trn sanh ra Nh thc

3.T cn i vi Hng trn sanh ra T thc

4.Thit cn i vi V trn sanh ra Thit thc

5.Thn cn i vi Xc trn sanh ra Thn thc

6. cn i vi Php trn sanh ra thc (tm php)

6 cn 6 trn 6 thc Sc php Tm php

III. THNH LP THC TH BY MT NA

thctuy khng hnh tng, m ci tc dng ca n rt mnh v

phc tp; cho nn nh Duy thc i vi ni dung ca Thc ny, li chn

chn kho st ci bn tnh v hnh tng ca n c ba b phn khng

ng nhau, cho nn thun theo th lp sp: Ci th su ngoi tn l

thc, ci th by gia tn l Mt Na thc v ci th tm trong

tn l A li da thc.

Ti sao bit chc ngoi l thc th su, gia l Mt Na thc th

by v trong l A li da thc th tm? V vn ny phi nghin cu

Trang s: - 70 -

rt nhiu, khng th dng mt vi li m gii thch xong c; nay ti

phng tin trnh by s lc.

Thng thng ngi i ni Tm l phn nhiu ch cho thc.

Nhng xt ci thc c gin on. Ngha l c khi sanh khi v c

khi khng. Vy th ngoi ci thc ny, quyt nh phi c mt b phn

khng gin on. Nu khng c b phn ny, th nhng ngi, khi

thc ca h b gin on khng sanh, h phi nh ngi tt th, cht.

Ngi tt th cht ri khng th sng tr li, th thc khi b gin on

lm sao li tip tc sanh khi li c? V th nn bit khi thc gin

on, quyt nh phi cn mt b phn khng gin on.

HI: Lm sao thy c b phn ny?

P: Do thy ci tc dng ca n. Khng lun mt loi vt no, lun

lun cng u chp c Ta. Nh chp: thn ta, nh ta, nc ta v tnh

mng ta v.v< Cho n nhng ngi t st hay gn cht, m vn cn

ni Ta liu mt phen cht, hay Ta sp cht v.v

Trang s: - 71 -

Li na, nm Thc trc u c cn, th Thc th su cng phi c

cn. Vy Thc Mt na ny l cn ca Thc th su, cho nn cng gi

l cn. ( Thc th su th gi l thc, cn Thc th by gi l

hay cn hoc gi l Mt na thc).

IV. THNH LP THC TH TM L A LI DA THC

Chng ta nn suy ngh k: chp c ta, tt nhin phi c ci chp

(nng chp) v ci b chp (s chp). Cng nh ni: cm vit, th

phi c ci tay cm v cy vit b cm; nu thiu mt th khng

thnh ngha cm. Ci chp (nng chp) l Thc th by Mt na,

th cib chp quyt nh khng phi su Thc trc, v su Thc trc

u c gin on. Ci chp ta (nng chp) bt lun ch no hay lc

no cng u c, khng bao gi gin on, th ci ta b chp cng phi

khng gin an. Bi th nn ci ta b chp, quyt nh ch c Thc

th tm, tc l A li da. V Thc ny lc no cng c, khng h gin

on. Trung Hoa dch l Tng thc (ci thc cha).

A li da m gi l Tng thc, v n hm cha ht ging ca tt c

php. Ht ging ca by Thc v ht ging ca mun s mun vt, u

t ni Thc ny m pht sinh. Nu khng c Thc ny cha ng, thi

by Thc trc khng thnh; cho nn nh Duy thc cng gi Thc ny

l Cn bn Thc.

Trang s: - 72 -

BI TH BA

3. NI LC CC TM S

(C NM ON)

I. NH R TN V NGHA CC TM S

Tm Thc u co oai lc rt t ti v t ch, cng nh ng vua,

khng c phc tng mt ai c; cho nn gi l Tm vng. Ong vua tuy

c th ban ra cc hiu lnh, nhng phi c cc quan, thi hnh cc hiu

lnh y, th mi tr an c. Tm vng cng th, phi c nhng Tm s

l thuc v Tm vng, vng mng lnh ca Tm vng lm tt c vic,

nn gi l Tm s (s hu ca Tm vng). Tm s vi Tm vng rt

ha hp nhau v u khng ri Thc. Cho nn gi: Duy thc tc l

bao trm c Tm vng v Tm s.

II. S LIN QUAN V H THUC GIA TM VNG V TM

S

Tm vng tuy c quyn lm ch v gi gn, m khng th t mnh to

nghip c nn phi c cc Tm s. Nhng lm ch nu khng chn

chnh, cng nh trn vua hn qun th di qun thn l cc Tm s,

c nhin phi lm lon. Chnh nh ngi i v Tm mnh khng

t ch, nn b tham, sn, si ni ln, to ra cc nghip trm cp, st

hiv.v< khng th km ch c.

Nu Tm s khng vng mng lnh ca Tm vng, tri li cn lm

phn lon th Tm vng phi b nguy him. Nh ngi i ni: V

tham ti li, nn tr khn m. Ngha l ni: Do Tm s tham to

nghip, lm cho tr khn ca Tm vng phi b m. Hay c ch gi:

Tm b sai khin tc l ch cho Tm s to nghip, sai khin Tm

vng vy.

Th nn phi bit: Tm s cng Tm vng rt quan h mt thit. Tuy

c thng h phn nh giai cp nh th, nhng i khi Tm s cp

quyn, th Tm vng phi b nguy him. Cng nh v Quc vng b

Quyn thn chp chnh th khng khi ci ha mt nc. Mt bng

Trang s: - 73 -

chng: nhng ngi v qu tham ti hiu sc, nn tm tr ca hphi b

cung lon.

c Khng T cng ni: Bit c vic nhn, m lng nhn khng

gi c, tuy c vic phi, ri cng mt . c Khng T ni nh

th, l ch cho Tm vng tuy bit c vic nhn ngha, nhng khng

c thin Tm s gip gi gn th quyt khng th bo tr c

vic lnh.

III. A V V S LNG CA CC TM S

Cc Tm s v a v c thn v s, nn chia lm su loi, v v trch

nhim khng ng nhau, nn phn ra n 51 mn.

Su loi Tm s

1. Bin hnh- 5 mn

2. Bit cnh-5 mn

3. Thin-11 mn

4. Cn bn phin no- 6 mn

5. Ty phin no-20 mn

6. Bt nh- 4 mn

C nhng Tm s rt thn mt vi Tm vng, khng lun ni no hay

gi pht no, u khng ri Tm vng; cng nh ngy

trc chc Tha tng thn cn vi vua, hay ngy nay cc B

trng rt mt thit vi Th tng, tc l 5 mn Tm s Bin hnh. Ch

Bin hnh ngha l: i khp, gip tt c. C 4:

1. Khp gip tt c thi gian (qu kh, hin ti, v lai).

2. Khp gip tt c Thc (tm thc)

3. Khp gip tt c gii (tam gii)

Trang s: - 74 -

4. Khp gip tt c a v (t phm n Thnh)

IV. NM MN BIN HNH

Nm mn Bin hnh l: 1. Xc, 2. Tc , 3. Th, 4. Tng, 5. T. Nm

mn Tm s ny, bt lun Tm vng no khi ln, n u chung khi

c. Nh Nhn thc Tm vng khi mi xem hoa; lc u tin tip xc

vi cnh hoa, th l c Xc Tm s

Chung cng ri. K c mt ci nhc nh Nhn thc xem hoa, l

Tc Tm s chung khi. Ri cm th cnh ny kh hay vui tc l

Th Tm s. Tip li tng tng ci hnh tng ca hoa v t

nhng danh t ku gi: y l vt g? Hoa hay khng phi hoa?

l Tng Tm s tng ng. Rt sau ngh tnh ton; hoc dng hay

b, l T Tm s chung khi.

V. NM MN BIT CNH

Trong nm mn Bin hnh, hai Tm s, Tng v T tuy c ci

nn tng to nghip, nhng cha thy r rt s thc hnh; cho nn

sau nm mn Bin hnh li c nm mn Tm s Bit cnh. Ch Bit

cnh ngha l: mi mn u duyn mi cnh gii v to nghip ring

khc. Nm mn Bit cnh l: 1- Dc, 2- Thng gii, 3- Nim, 4- nh,

5- Hu.

Dc l: Mun. Mun nhng ci g mnh ang mong mi, nh thy

quyn sch mun c v.v<

Thng gii l: Bit r. Nh khi c sch hiu r cc ngha l.

Nim l: Nh. Nh hm qua c sch, ngy nay nh li.

nh l: Chuyn ch. Nh khi c sch, chuyn ch khng ngh nh

mt vic g khc.

Hu l: Tr hu. Khi c sch nh tm yn nh, nn pht sanh ra Tr

hu.

Trang s: - 75 -

V th lp sanh khi ca nm mn Tm s ny c lin quan nh th;

c th ly mt vic c sch thy r. Nhng nhim v u khc, v

mi mn duyn mi cnh; cng nh ngi i phn cng lm vic, mi

ngi u c mi trch nhim khc nhau.

Cn c theo y m suy xt, th Tm vng hon ton khng th to

nghip c. Cng nh v vng trong chn lp thnh nghim

nht, khng lm vic g c, ch ra cc sc lnh m thi. Nh nm mn

Bin hnh Tm s gip vi Tm vng mi thnh c s to

nghip. Cng nh quan Tha tng vng mng lnh ca Vua, gi

chiu ch xung cc b. Ri do nm mn Bit cnh Tm s, mi mn

u lnh mi nhim v; cng nh cc B li lnh s mang ri ty thi

thi hnh.

Nm mn Tm s Bin hnh ch c nhim v: 1- Trn, tha lnh ca

Tm vng; 2- Ban b xung cho cc cp di. Cho nn n cng vi tm

thc Tm vng ng tnh v k. Ngha l khng nht nh thin hay

c.

Cn Tm s Bit cnh, v mi mn gi mt trch nhim cho nn c

ba tnh l Thin, c v V k. Ngoi ra cn mi mt mn Tm s

Thin, ch chuyn mn lm vic lnh, cng nh cc v Trung thn. Li

c su mn Cn bn phin no v 20 mn Ty phin no, chuyn

to cc nghip c, cng nh cc Quan li tham . Li c nhng Tm s

khng nht nh thin hay c, tc l bn mn Bt nh: Hi, Min,

Tm, T. Cng nh mt chc Quan c v lng chng n lng,

khng c ch trng g nht nh, ai bo th no cng cho l phi.

Tn ca 51 mn Tm s:

1. Bin hnh Tm s, c 5: 1- Xc, 2- Tc , 3- Th, 4- Tng, 5-T (D

nh chc Tha Tng).

2. Bit cnh Tm s, c 5: 1- Dc, 2- Thng gii, 3- Nim, 4- nh, 5- Hu

(D nh cc B li).

Trang s: - 76 -

3. Thin Tm s, c 11: 1- Tn, 2- Tm, 3- Qu, 4- V tham, 5- V sn, 6-

V si, 7- Tinh tn, 8- Khinh an, 9- Bt phng dt, 10- Hnh x, 11- Bt hi

(D nh cc v Cng Thn).

4. Cn bn phin no, c 6: 1- Tham, 2- Sn, 3- Si, 4- Mn, 5- Nghi, 6- c

kin (D nh cc v Gian Thn).

5. Ty phin no Tm s, c 20: 1- Phn, 2- Hn, 3- Ph, 4- No, 5- Tt, 6-

Xan, 7- Cung, 8- Sim, 9- Hi, 10- Kiu, 11- V tm, 12- V qu, 13-

Tro c, 14- Hn trm, 15- Bt tn, 16- Gii i, 17- Phng dt, 18- Tht

nim, 19- Tn lon, 20- Bt chnh tri (D nh cc quan li tham ).

6. Bt nh Tm s, c 4: 1- Hi, 2- Min, 3- Tm, 4- T (D nh cc v

Quan lm vic lng chng n lng).

Hai loi Tm s, Bin hnh v Bit cnh ti ni s lc ri; cn

Thin Tm s, Cn bn phin no, Ty phin no Tm s, Bt nh Tm

s, bn loi Tm s ny, xin c gi nn bit s lc danh t v ngha,

i n quyn sau ti s ni r hnh tng v cng dng ca n.

Trang s: - 77 -

BI TH T

4. KINH NGHIM DUY THC

(C NM ON)

I. EM VIC NGM THI CH R L DUY THC

Ti cn nh mt bi thi ca mt thi s i ng nh vy:

Thiu tiu ly gia lo i hi.

Hng m v ci tn mao thi;

Nhi ng tng kin bt tng thc,

Tiu vn khch tng h x li (lai).

DCH NGHA: Khi cn tr i xa qu hng, n lc tui ga tr v

nh. Ting khc khng khc, nhng tc ru li bc. Cha con thy nhau

ma li chng bit nhau. Tr con ci hi: Ong t u n?

Nay em ba ch Chng bit nhau trong bi thi ny, gii thch

ch thc trong Duy thc. Theo Duy thc , ni ch thc ngha l

hiu bit phn bit. a con ng khi thy cha tt nhin phi c ci

hiu bit phn bit, nn mi bit ngi ny chng quen bit. Vy th

ch thc l hiu bit phn bit.

Trong bi thi ny ch ni mt ch thc; nu chnh chn xt ci ca

bi thi ny, cng c th ch r tm thc. Nh trc nht dng tai nghe

ting, bit ting ni khng khc l Nh thc. K dng mt xem,

bit ru tc bc, l Nhn thc. Khi cha con gp nhau, mt thy tai

nghe, a nh li nghi ng: ng ny l ai?. Ci Tm nghi ng l

thc. Cho nn ch bit trong ba ch chng bit nhau, l ci

thc.

Ci thc ny thng cng vi nm thc trc chung khi, nh khi

nghe ting l Nh thc. Khi phn bit y l ting ni quen hay

khng quen. Th l c ci chung khi ri. Khi con mt va thy bit ru

Trang s: - 78 -

tc, l Nhn thc. n lc phn bit ru tc ny bc hay khng bc,

l thc chung khi ri.

V ci thc cng vi nm thc trc ng thi chung khi, cho nn

trong lun Duy thc gi l: Ng cu thc. Ngha l phm Nhn,

Nh, T, Thit, Thn nm thc, ty mmt Thc no khi ln, th lin c

thc ng khi chung khi.

II. CHNG MINH C NG CU THC

Ly mt vic ngm thi ny chng minh, cng c th chia thc ra

lm hai loi:

1. c u thc: Ngha l ch mt mnh thc khi ln, khng c

chung cng vi nn thc trc. Nh khi mt khng thy cnh, tai chng

nghe ting v.v< m vn khi vng tng phn bit cc cnh vt.

2. Ng cu thc: Ngha l thc chung cng vi nm thc trc

khi, nh tn ni: cng gi l Minh liu thc ( thc phn bit r

rng).

c u thc hay Ng cu thc mi ci li chia lm nm:

thc:

1- c u thc (n c thc):

a) Mng trung thc ( thc trong khi chim bao)

b) Tn v thc ( thc khi tn lon)

c) nh trung thc ( thc trong khi nh)

d) Suy trung thv ( thc trong khi suy tnh)

e) Cung lon thc ( thc trong khi in cung)

2- Ng cu thc (Minh liu thc):

a) Nhn cu thc ( thc cng vi mt chung khi)

Trang s: - 79 -

b) Nh cu thc ( thc cng vi tai chung khi)

c) T cu thc ( thc cng vi mi chung khi)

d) Thit cu thc ( thc cng vi li chung khi)

e) Thn cu thc ( thc cng vi thn chung khi)

Do y c th chng minh nm thc trc khng th ring khi, m

quyt phi c thc ng thi chung khi. Bi v nm thc trc ch c

T tnh phn bit, nn khng th phn bit c cc gi danh. Duy

thc mi cK t phn bit (tnh ton so o). Phm tt c vt ha

hp u do thc so o phn bit, ba t ra cc gi danh. Nh khi

nghe ting, th ci Nh thc ch phn bit c ting thi; cn so o

phn bit cc gi danh: ting hay ting d, phi quy v.v< l cng

nng ca thc. Cho nn khi Nh thc sanh, th quyt c thc chung

khi; cn T, Thit, Thn v.v< cc Thc kia khi khi ln cng vy.

III. SUY NGHIM C THC TH BY V THC TH TM

Nh trn ni r ba Thc: mt, tai, ; nhng cng c th ch r c

Thc th by v Thc th tm. Nh ngi lm thi bit: Khi cn tr

xa qu hng, n gi ri mi tr v nh, ting ni khng i, nhng

ru tc li bc. Th l t tr n gi, mt dng sanh dit tip tc, khng

bit bao nhiu ln thay i, nhng ci Ta vn y nguyn; ci Ta

tc l Thc th tm, tn A li da. Chnh trong kinh Gii Thm Mt ni:

Thc A na rt l tinh t; cc chng t trong thc ny sanh dit nh

dng nc thc

Trang s: - 80 -

thnh ra ng ch. Cng th, ci chn tng ca Thc th Tm vn nh

thng, khng c cht g bin i, chng qua v Thc th By chp lm

Ta, cho nn Thc th Tm li bin thnh Ng i chp tng.

V. NGUYN DO C NG TNG

Nh Duy thc hc nghin cu n ch cng tt, mi t c ci tn

ca Thc th Tm (A li da) ny. Chng phm phu v ngoi o ni

rng: Ti hay thn th Ti, tc l ch cho thc A li da. Thc ny tc

l Pht tnh, cng ku l Nh Lai tng. Do Thc th By chp Ta, nn

n bin thnh tp nhim, th ku l A li da hay Ng i chp tng.

Nu Thc th By khng chp Ta th n li thanh tnh, nn gi l

Nh Lai tng hay Pht tnh.

Thc th Tm

1- V Thc th By khng chp ng, nn Thc th Tm ny c thanh

tnh, gi l Nh Lai tng hay Pht tnh.

2- V Thc th By chp ng, Thc th Tm ny thnh tp nhim, nn

gi l A li da hay Ng i chp tng.

S d thnh phm phu hay ngoi o l do Thc th By chp Thc

ny l ch nhn (ta). Cn su Thc trc l quyn thuc ca ng ch,

ngoi gip ng ch to tc cc nghip. Cho nn trong kinh Gii Thm

Mt ni: Ta (Pht) i vi k phm phu khng ging ni thc ny, v s

chng phn bit chp lm Ng. Pht ni k phm phu nh ngi

gi ca, khng h thy ng ch su xa bn trong; nu ging ni n

phn thm t bn trong (Thc th Tm) th chng li thm chp ng

cng lm, cho nn th khng ni cn hn.

Bi th, nn trong ba tng mi hai b Kinh, ni ph ng chp v

trong Duy thc ni ph ng chp, php chp, phn ln l ph ci

chp ca Thc th By ny. Trong kinh Kim Cang ni bn tng: ng

tng, nhn tng, chng sanh tng v th gi tng, cng thuc v

ci chp tng ca Thc th Su v Thc th By. Nu nh ph tr

c ci chp tng ca Thc th By, cng nh ui anh gc, m ca

em ng ch nh ra, v khng cn anh gc ca (t) nn khng ai gi

Trang s: - 81 -

ng l ng ch na, ch ku ng l ngi, nh bao nhiu ngi

khc. V th trong kinh Pht ni: Pht v chng sanh bnh ng khng

hai. Bn Thin tng ni: p b thng keo sn (ph chp), khi t ng

ri, ng vi khi cha ng. Mt li ni ny c th gii quyt t nhiu

nghi nan, nh ni: Sanh t tc l Nit bn hay Phin no tc l B

v.v< u c th ly y suy xt.

Trang s: - 82 -

BI TH NM

5. EM VIC CHIM BAO XT NGHIM L DUY THC

(C BA ON)

I. PHNG TM VI DUY THC

Mt hm tri gn sng, ti nm chim bao thy mt trng hc, cc

hc sinh ang lm reo. Thy gio nhm cc hc sinh ti ging ng

din thuyt v mi ti ln din n din ging.

Ti suy ngh chng hc sinh ny tnh tnh nng ny bo ng, khng

th dng l lun m gii by c, chi bng ni mt vi cu chuyn c

l th cho chng nghe cn hn. Lc by gi ti mi ni rng:

-i vin ny l k v hc, cng khng c ti din ging, nhng ti ch

nh s si c vi cu ca Thy Mnh nh vy: Ci o hc vn

khng g l, ch tm phng tm (vng) tr li m thi. Vy th ci

phng tm rt l h trng! Thn khng tu cng v phng tm, nh

khng t (yn) cng v phng tm, nc khng tr (lon) cng v phng

tm. Chnh nh ngy hm nay cc tr lm reo, cng v khng bit tm

ci phng tm ca mnh tr li, th tc khc khng c vic g c. Ti

sao cc tr khng bit tm ci phng tm? V cc tr khng bit ci

hc vn tm phng tm. Ci hc vn tm phng tm , tc l

Duy thc hc vy.

c Khng T v thy Mnh u c bit Duy thc hc, chng qua cc

Ngi khng ni n danh t Duy thc m thi, nn ngi i chng ai

bit.

Nh trong Lun ng ni: Lng lng m ghi , hc khng bit nhm,

dy ngi chng bit mi, u c ni Ta ? Ni nh th l v cc

Ngi tinh bc c Duy thc hc ri. Trc ni mnh m thm

chng c, nn hc m khng bit nhm, n khi hc gii ra dy

ngi khng bit mi.

c cng phu nh th, th bit rng cc Ngi ph c ng chp

ri, cho nn mi ni rng: u c ni Ta ?

Trang s: - 83 -

Thy Mnh sn c kh tng i tha, chng qua kh cn th s, nn

Thy ch ging ng s si vi cu. Nh ni rng: Mun vt u ni

Ta

Trang s: - 84 -

Theo nh Duy thc thng dng ba tnh ny m ph phn tt c cc

php, ci no chn, ci no gi. C th ly vic chim bao trn, chng

minh 3 mn t tnh ny.

Ba mn T tnh:

_Y tha khi tnh (cc php duyn khi)

_Bin k s chp t tnh (m lm vng chp)

_Vin thnh tht t tnh (gic ng)

Ngi i ang trong m di sanh t, m mang ni trng i

mng, nn thy no l quc gia, chnh tr, nhn vt, ti snv.v< u

chp l tht c, khng tin Duy thc bin hin. Hm nay ging v Duy

thc hc l ku ngi sm tnh gic i mng, dng phng tin

chng minh mun s mun vt u do Duy thc bin hin. Nu ngi

nhn c r l Duy Thc ri, th cng nh ti tnh gic mng trc kia,

khng i ngi ni m ti cng t bit cc vt trong chim bao u

khng t c, ch do tm bin hin m thi (Y tha khi). Khi t b ci m

lm vng chp tht c ri, (Bin k s chp) th cc ngi hiu bit mi

ng s tht, nn gi l Vin thnh tht.

Trang s: - 85 -

BI TH SU

6. LC GII CC LI VN NN CA NGOI NHN

(C SU ON)

T trc n y, ti dn chng rt nhiu ch r ngoi cnh khng

c; nhng e ngi i cn nhiu ch nghi ng, nn ti phng tin lp

nhng li vn p gii cho rnh r.

I. XEM NI, DO THC BIN HIN

HI: Nu qu tht cc cnh vt ngoi u do trong Thc bin hin,

vy th khi chng ta ch ny (nh in B) thy c mt qu ni; khi

chy n mt ch khc (nh bin Ba ng) cng dng Thc ny tng

ni, sao li chng thy c ni? V ci Thc tng ni lc no cng

tng, sao li chng lun lun thy c ni? Li na, nh nhiu

ngi ng thi ng bn ni, ch c mt ngi tng ni, cn bao

nhiu ngi khng tng, ti sao bao nhiu ngi cng u thy ni?

P: Ngi vn nn c nh th, k ra cng c hc vn nghin

cu kh lm, ti rt hoan nghinh.

Ti thong th hi gn li rng: Ong khi ng chim bao thy cc cnh

vt: ch ny ni, ch kia nc, ch n ch, lng v.v< u phi thy ch

no cng u ni c? Ngoi nhn tr li: Phi. Ti hi tip: Li na,

trong khi chim bao, c khi ng thy ni, c khi khng thy, u phi

lc no ng cng u thy ni? Ngoi nhn tr li: Phi. Ti lin ni

thng rng: Hin nay ti vi ng, ng trong vng sanh t i mng,

cho nn phm thy ni, sng, t lin v.v< u do Thc bin hin,

cng ng nh trong gic mng mt th, cho nn khng th mt

mnh ci Thc ca ng, m bin sanh ra cnh vt khc c.

Documents

DUY THỨC HỌC